SE413795B

SE413795B - PROCEDURES AND EQUIPMENT FOR SINGLE DRILLING IN BERG

Info

Publication number: SE413795B
Application number: SE7712539A
Authority: SE
Inventors: G I Hansson
Original assignee: Hansson Svensk Djupborrning
Priority date: 1977-11-07
Filing date: 1977-11-07
Publication date: 1980-06-23
Also published as: SE7712539L

Description

77125594 2 med borrhâlets vägg nedfört vatten upp genom ringkanalen, ut genom dennas övre ände. 77125594 2 with the borehole wall lowered water up through the ring channel, out through its upper end.

Tack vare tryckluften, som utpressas genom hålen i stångväggen bildas luftbubblor i vattnet i ringkanalen mellan stången och ett koaxiellt med denna anordnat styr- rör. Dessa luftbubblor driver vattnet uppåt i ringkanalen, varigenom vattentrycket vid borrkronan nere i borrhålet minskas, så att mottrycket på den genom borrkronan utpres- sade tryckluften i motsvarande grad minskas. Detta innebär, att det erforderliga arbetstrycket på luften till borrham- maren kan hållas vid rimliga värden. Kompressoraggregatet ovan jord behöver därför icke ges onormalt stor dimensioner, och kraftbehovet för kompressorns drift kan hållas inom acceptabla värden. Det hela resulterar i att djupa borr- hål med stor diameter kan i berg effektivt upptagas med drivaggregat, som icke erhåller större dimensioner, än att de kan transporteras på truck eller liknande fordon. Üvriga kännetecken framgår av det följande med hän- visning till den bifogade schematiska ritningen, varå fig. 1 visar ett vertikalt längdsnitt genom en borrutrust- ning enligt uppfinningen under borrning i berg, och Fig. 2 visar i större skala ett vertikalt längdsnitt genom nedre delen av borrutrustningen. .Thanks to the compressed air, which is forced out through the holes in the rod wall, air bubbles are formed in the water in the annular channel between the rod and a guide tube arranged coaxially with it. These air bubbles drive the water upwards in the annular duct, whereby the water pressure at the drill bit down in the borehole is reduced, so that the back pressure on the compressed air expelled through the drill bit is correspondingly reduced. This means that the required working pressure on the air to the hammer can be kept at reasonable values. The compressor unit above ground therefore does not need to be given abnormally large dimensions, and the power requirement for the operation of the compressor can be kept within acceptable values. The whole result is that deep boreholes with a large diameter can be efficiently accommodated in rock with drive units, which do not acquire larger dimensions than they can be transported on trucks or similar vehicles. Other features appear from the following with reference to the accompanying schematic drawing, in which Fig. 1 shows a vertical longitudinal section through a drilling equipment according to the invention during drilling in rock, and Fig. 2 shows on a larger scale a vertical longitudinal section through the lower part of the drilling equipment. .

I det på ritningen visade utförandet av uppfinningen ingår i borrutrustningen en borrkrona 1, som med en chuck 2 är upphängd i nedre änden av en borrhammare 3 nedtill på en rörformig stång 4, genom vilken tryckluft tillföras borr- hammaren från en av ett fordon 5 uppburen kompressor 6.In the embodiment of the invention shown in the drawing, the drilling equipment includes a drill bit 1, which with a chuck 2 is suspended at the lower end of a hammer drill 3 at the bottom of a tubular rod 4, through which compressed air is supplied to the hammer drill from a vehicle 5 supported by compressor 6.

Utomkring rörstången 4 sträcker sig koaxiellt med denna ett styrrör 7 så, att mellan detta och stången 4 bildas en ringkanal B. Vid nedre änden av styrröret 7 är vrid- bart upphängd en kåpa 9, sträckande sig över borrhammaren 3 ß 77125394 och övre delen av borrkronan 1, med vilken den bildar en ringepalt 10.A guide tube 7 coaxially extends around the pipe rod 4 so that an annular channel B is formed between it and the rod 4. At the lower end of the guide tube 7 a cover 9 is rotatably suspended, extending over the hammer drill 3 ß 77125394 the drill bit 1, with which it forms a ring gap 10.

Rörstången 4, som bildas av axiellt den ena på den andra anbringbara rörlängder, är på jämna mellanrum i höjd- led Försedd med grupper av hål 11. Avståndet mellan hål- I grupperna kan vara 5D-100 m. Håldiametern bör vara ca 5-10 mm.The pipe bar 4, which is formed by axially one pipe lengths which can be mounted on the other, is at regular intervals in height. Equipped with groups of holes 11. The distance between the holes in the groups can be 5D-100 m. The hole diameter should be about 5-10 mm.

Utloppet 12 För tryckluft från borrhammaren 3 är anslutet till en central kanal 13 i borrkronan 1. Från kanalen 13 utgår grenkanaler 14, som är riktade snett uppåt.The outlet 12 For compressed air from the hammer drill 3 is connected to a central channel 13 in the drill bit 1. From the channel 13 branch branches 14 emerge, which are directed obliquely upwards.

Från den centrala kanalen 13 utgår även grenkanaler 15, som utmynnar vid borrkronans 1 arbetsyta 16. Från denna sträcker sig genom borrkronan 1 ett antal snett uppåtrik- tade kanaler 17 och 18, avsedda att bortföra krossat berg Från kronans arbetsyta.From the central channel 13 also branch branches 15 emanate, which open at the working surface 16 of the drill bit 1. From this a number of obliquely upwardly directed channels 17 and 18 extend through the drill bit 1, intended to remove crushed rock from the working surface of the bit.

Såsom redan i inledningen antytte tryckas vid ar- bete med borrutrustningen tryckluft genom grupperna av hål 11 från kompressorn 6 ut i ringkanalen 8, där de bildade luftbubblorna 19 åstadkommer en uppåtriktad ström- ning av vattnet i ringkanalen 8 (se pilarna 20 i Pig; 2).As already indicated in the introduction, when working with the drilling equipment, compressed air is forced through the groups of holes 11 from the compressor 6 into the annular duct 8, where the formed air bubbles 19 cause an upward flow of the water in the annular duct 8 (see arrows 20 in Fig; 2). ).

Den borrhammaren 3 tillförda tryckluften, som kan ha ett tryck på mellan 15 - 20 atö driver borrkrcnan 1 genom slag ned i berget 21, varvid det med 22 betecknade borr- hålet bildas. Den Från borrhammaren 3 genom uttaget 12 avgående tryckluften ledes genom den centrala kanalen 13 och grenkanalerna 14 snett upp i utrymmet 23 kring och ovanför borrkronan 1. Här åstadkommer den uppåtriktade tryckluftsströmmen en ejektorverkan på vattnet, som strömmar utmed borrhålets 22 vägg 24 ned till borrkronan och upp genom ringspalten 10 till ringkanalen 8. Även de genom grenkanalerna 14 utträdande luftströmmarna bildar luft- bubblor 25, som ökar hastigheten på vattenströmmen uppåt i utrymmet 23 och ringkanalen B. Denna vattenström drar med sig krossat berg genom kanalerna 17 och 18. Det slam- tf?¶712539-'1 4 haltiga vattnet ur ringkanalen 8 avgår genom ett uttag 26 vid styrrörets 7 övre ände.The compressed air supplied to the drill hammer 3, which can have a pressure of between 15 - 20, drives the drill bit 1 through blows into the rock 21, whereby the borehole denoted by 22 is formed. The compressed air departing from the hammer 3 through the outlet 12 is led through the central channel 13 and the branch channels 14 obliquely up into the space 23 around and above the drill bit 1. Here the upward pressure air flow produces an ejector effect on the water up through the annular gap 10 to the annular channel 8. The air currents exiting through the branch channels 14 also form air bubbles 25, which increase the velocity of the water flow upwards in the space 23 and the annular channel B. This water stream pulls crushed rock through the channels 17 and 18. The containing water from the annular channel 8 exits through an outlet 26 at the upper end of the guide tube 7.

Vid skarvning av rör till övre änden av styrröret 7 och rörstången 8 användes en på Fordonet 5 anbragt kran 27. Även kan denna kran användas vid upptagning av -hela borrutrustningen ur borrhålet 22.When splicing pipes to the upper end of the guide pipe 7 and the pipe bar 8, a crane 27 arranged on the Vehicle 5 is used. This crane can also be used when receiving the entire drilling equipment from the borehole 22.

Borrhammarens 3 konstruktion har icke visats på ritningen, eftersom vilken som helst lämplig, trycklufts- driven borrhammare kan användas. Borrhammaren kan vara av sådan typ, att den dels utsätter borrkronan 1 För hammar- slag uppifrån och dels vrider borrkronan en viss vridnings- vinkel efter varje slag. Borrhammaren kan emellertid även vara av sådan typ, att den endast utsätter borrkronan för slag och hela enheten: borrkrona 1, borrhammare 3 och rörstång 4, vrides från ett av Fordonet 5 uppburet vrid- aggregat.The construction of the hammer drill 3 has not been shown in the drawing, since any suitable, pneumatic hammer drill can be used. The hammer drill can be of such a type that it partly exposes the drill bit 1 For hammer blows from above and partly the drill bit rotates a certain angle of rotation after each blow. However, the hammer drill can also be of such a type that it only exposes the drill bit to blows and the entire unit: drill bit 1, hammer drill 3 and pipe rod 4, is rotated from a turning unit supported by the Vehicle 5.

Kåpan 9 är såsom ovan nämnts vridbart upphängd på 'styrrörets 7 nedre ände. Anledningen härtill är att kåpan 9 skall kunna vrida sig tillsammans med borrkronan 1, om någon sten skulle fastna i ringspalten 10.As mentioned above, the cover 9 is rotatably suspended on the lower end of the guide tube 7. The reason for this is that the cover 9 should be able to rotate together with the drill bit 1, if any stone should get stuck in the annular gap 10.

Claims

7712539-1 P Å T E N T K R A V

A submerged drilling method for receiving deep boreholes (22) with a large diameter, for example of the order of 400 - 500 mm in rock, wherein a rotatable drill bit (1) on the lower end of a tubular rod (4) is lowered in the borehole, the drill bit (1) being driven down into the rock by means of a compressed air through the rod (4) to a drill hammer (3) located at the bottom thereof and the compressed air from the drill hammer is led through the drill bit (1) to the space (23) around it, characterized in that through high holes in the wall of the rod (Q) or groups of holes (II) compressed air with high pressure of the order of 15 to 20 is forced to: out into a ring duct (a) vtumkring around the rod for driving in the borehole accumulated or in this along the borehole wall (24) lowered water up through the ring channel, out through its upper end.

Method according to claim 1, characterized in that compressed air is pressed down through a central channel (13) in the drill bit (1) and from this channel obliquely up through branch channels (14, 18) to generate in the annular channel (8) an upward ejector effect on the water.

Equipment for carrying out the method specified in the preceding claim for receiving boreholes in rock by submersible drilling, in which equipment a rotatable drill bit (1) hanging in a tubular rod (4) is included, a substantially coaxial with the rod beyond it extending tube (7), which between it and the rod forms an annular channel (8), and a hammer hammer (3) arranged with compressed air through the rod, arranged at the lower end of the rod (4), which is arranged so that under 7712539-1 o blows and rotation are driven down the rock, along with the outlet. (12) for compressed air from the hammer drill (3) is connected to ducts (13, lä, 15), which cross through the drill bit, characterized in that the wall of the rod (4) is provided with through holes (ll ), located at different heights of the rod and connected to a source of compressed air (6), which generates a pressure of the order of 15 - 20 atö.

Equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that the outwardly limiting tube (8) of the tube (7) is provided at its lower end with a cover (9) which is rotatably mounted on the lower end of the tube (7) and with its lower edge is located slightly above the drill bit (1) at its periphery, so that an annular gap (10) is formed between the drill bit and the housing. _

Equipment according to claims 3 - 4, characterized in that the drill bit (1) is provided with a central compressed air duct (13), from which obliquely upwardly directed branch ducts (14, 18) emanate.

Equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that the drill bit (1) is also provided with branch channels (15) emanating from the central channel (13) in a known manner, obliquely downwardly directed downwards and opening at the active surface (16).

Equipment according to any one of claims 3 - 6, characterized in that the holes (ll) in the wall of the rod (4) are arranged in groups at different heights along the rod. ANFÖRDA PUBL1KAT1oNER = Sverige 376 458 (5219 7 / oo), 377 706 (5213 7 / oo) us 1 346 939 (175_69)