SE336175B - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- SE336175B SE336175B SE13653/67A SE1365367A SE336175B SE 336175 B SE336175 B SE 336175B SE 13653/67 A SE13653/67 A SE 13653/67A SE 1365367 A SE1365367 A SE 1365367A SE 336175 B SE336175 B SE 336175B
- Authority
- SE
- Sweden
- Prior art keywords
- transistor
- circuit
- triac
- transistors
- control
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
- H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
- H03K17/72—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices having more than two PN junctions; having more than three electrodes; having more than one electrode connected to the same conductivity region
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D23/1906—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means using an analogue comparing device
- G05D23/1909—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means using an analogue comparing device whose output amplitude can only take two discrete values
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D23/20—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature
- G05D23/24—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature the sensing element having a resistance varying with temperature, e.g. a thermistor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/12—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac
- G05F1/40—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices as final control devices
- G05F1/44—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices as final control devices semiconductor devices only
- G05F1/45—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices as final control devices semiconductor devices only being controlled rectifiers in series with the load
- G05F1/452—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices as final control devices semiconductor devices only being controlled rectifiers in series with the load with pulse-burst modulation control
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
- H02M1/083—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the ignition at the zero crossing of the voltage or the current
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/13—Modifications for switching at zero crossing
- H03K17/136—Modifications for switching at zero crossing in thyristor switches
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Power Conversion In General (AREA)
- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
- Electronic Switches (AREA)
- Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
Abstract
1,193,091. Triac control circuits. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. 5 Oct., 1967 [6 Oct., 1966], No. 45597/67. Addition to 1,147,422. Heading H3T. [Also in Divisions G3 and H2] A semi-conductor controllable rectifier is controlled to supply complete half cycles of current to a non-unity power factor load by sensing the voltage across the rectifier to detect the rise consequent upon approach to the zero current (blocking) condition, the sensing signal produced by such detection being used to permit firing of the rectifier at the start of the next current half cycle, providing such firing is compatible with the requirements of a controlled variable or a pre-set regulated condition. In Fig. 2 the A.C. supply to an inductive load 12, 21 is controlled by a triac 11 whose voltage is sensed by a bridge 31-35 which derives a signal from transistor 35 when the triac starts to block, this condition producing a voltage rise due to the phase difference between the voltage and current waveforms Fig. 1 (not shown). The signal from transistor 35 causes turn-on of transistors 26, 27 and application of a firing signal to the triac from the D.C. supply 22, 23, 24. Should a switch 41 be closed however, the signal from transistor 35 is shunted by a transistor 37 made conductive by the switch closure and the triac is not fired for this and any subsequent half cycles corresponding to this switch condition. Instead of the overriding circuit 39, 41 shown, the control signal for transistor 37 may be derived from temperature, optical or pressure sensors. In a modification, Fig. 3 (not shown), a parallel RC circuit (40, 42) is connected between the triac and the sensing network to improve firing, the sensing network comprises two alternately-turned-on transistors (43, 44) and two diodes (45, 46), and a series RC circuit (47, 48) is connected between the network and the triac gate to cause a firing pulse of predetermined time to be generated, since the inclusion of the series circuit causes transistors 26, 27 and the appropriate transistor of the sensing network to act as a one-shot multivibrator. This modification is used to control an electric motor (12) providing temperature control for a refrigerator or air conditioning installation, the arrangement being such that transistor 37 is controlled by a differential transistor amplifier (53, 54) which includes thermistor (58) responsive to the controlled temperature and which operates as a two-state trigger circuit providing a hysteresis effect in the control operation. During start up of the circuit there is a possibility that conduction of transistors 26, 27 will prevent adequate charging of capacitor 24. Various solutions are proposed to prevent this occurrence and in one arrangement, Fig. 4 (not shown), an R.C. circuit (63, 64) is added to the modification of Fig. 3 to maintain the transistor 26 non-conducting until capacitor 24 is fully charged. In this arrangement the motor is of the capacitor start type and the series R.C. circuit (47, 48) is adjusted accordingly. Also the transistor 27 is omitted. The embodiment shown in Fig. 5 is similar in certain respects to Figs. 2, 3 and 4 but uses transistors 71, 72, interconnected in positive feedback, and a capacitor 76 to form a relaxation oscillator which turns on the transistor 26 when blocking of the triac renders transistors 35, 75 conductive, recharging of capacitor 76 also being effected by conduction of the transistor 26. The time constant of the oscillator comprising members 71, 72, 76 is such as to allow charging of capacitor 24 upon starting-up of the circuit. Overriding control of the circuit is provided by the differential amplifier comprising transistors 53A, 53B, 53C, 54 of which the former are connected to temperature-sensing networks including thermistors 83A, 83B, 83C and reference resistors 58A, 58B, 58C. Other types of signal sensors such as photo-cells or strain gauges may be used. In the described embodiment the thermistors 83A, 83B, 83C are thermally coupled with the windings of the motor 12 and prevent conduction of the triac should the windings become overheated, each thermistor controlling a respective one of the transistors 53A, 53B, 53C to exert an individual overriding control. Such control may be in addition to that exercised by a further thermistor sensing air temperature, when the motor is used for temperature control of a refrigerator or air conditioning plant.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US456670A US3381226A (en) | 1965-05-18 | 1965-05-18 | Zero crossing synchronous switching circuits for power semiconductors |
US58470266A | 1966-10-06 | 1966-10-06 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
SE336175B true SE336175B (en) | 1971-06-28 |
Family
ID=27038329
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
SE13653/67A SE336175B (en) | 1965-05-18 | 1967-10-05 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3486042A (en) |
CH (1) | CH474920A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1613686A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR93219E (en) |
GB (1) | GB1193091A (en) |
NL (1) | NL6713636A (en) |
SE (1) | SE336175B (en) |
Families Citing this family (32)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT292141B (en) * | 1969-09-17 | 1971-08-10 | Intertrade Warenverkehrsgesell | Cooking utensil for food |
US3579093A (en) * | 1969-10-29 | 1971-05-18 | Sylvania Electric Prod | Variable mutual coupling circuit employing transformers in an inductive balanced configuration |
US3675040A (en) * | 1970-05-05 | 1972-07-04 | Lucifer Sa | Electromagnetic system controlling a movable member through the agency of a magnetic field |
US3648075A (en) * | 1970-06-01 | 1972-03-07 | Teledyne Inc | Zero voltage switching ac relay circuit |
US3832518A (en) * | 1970-07-24 | 1974-08-27 | Weltronic Co | Welding control apparatus |
US3633095A (en) * | 1970-07-31 | 1972-01-04 | Fairchild Camera Instr Co | Zero-crossing power line control system |
US3675046A (en) * | 1970-09-28 | 1972-07-04 | Waynco | Control circuit |
US3816796A (en) * | 1971-01-25 | 1974-06-11 | Computer Syst Eng Inc | Traffic signal control system |
US3694615A (en) * | 1971-04-26 | 1972-09-26 | Weltronic Co | Welding control system |
CH542542A (en) * | 1971-09-16 | 1973-09-30 | Heberlein & Co Ag | Control circuitry for firing a two-way AC valve |
US3743860A (en) * | 1971-09-16 | 1973-07-03 | Burroughs Corp | Full cycle synchronous-switching control circuit |
US3761800A (en) * | 1972-02-02 | 1973-09-25 | Rca Corp | Integral cycle thyristor power controller |
US3805147A (en) * | 1972-05-15 | 1974-04-16 | Int Rectifier Corp | Zero-crossing trigger circuit for firing semiconductor devices at zero voltage |
US3793537A (en) * | 1972-09-25 | 1974-02-19 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Firing circuitry for semiconductive controlled rectifiers |
US3882328A (en) * | 1973-08-06 | 1975-05-06 | Rca Corp | Cross over detector and rectifier |
US3917969A (en) * | 1973-11-16 | 1975-11-04 | John G Olsen | Electric load control |
US3989486A (en) * | 1974-07-22 | 1976-11-02 | Emerson Electric Co. | Electrostatic air cleaner with air flow responsive switch |
DE2728380C2 (en) * | 1977-06-24 | 1982-10-28 | Danfoss A/S, 6430 Nordborg | Control device for a thermal device |
IT1117586B (en) * | 1979-01-23 | 1986-02-17 | Indesit | TEMPERATURE REGULATION DEVICE FOR DOMESTIC ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES |
US4322767A (en) * | 1980-02-11 | 1982-03-30 | Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated | Bidirectional solid-state protector circuitry using gated diode switches |
US4358729A (en) * | 1980-08-04 | 1982-11-09 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Thyristor driver controller for reactive loads and method of operation thereof |
US4338546A (en) * | 1980-11-25 | 1982-07-06 | The Marley-Wylain Company | Liquid level detection circuit for control of liquid level responsive device |
FR2499789A1 (en) * | 1981-02-06 | 1982-08-13 | Thomson Csf | Triac firing control circuit for inductive loads - uses supply and anode voltage sensing to control short gate pulses after zero crossings of voltages for low energy firing |
FR2499790A1 (en) * | 1981-02-06 | 1982-08-13 | Thomson Csf | Analogue input triac firing circuit for inductive loads - uses zero voltage crossing detection to generate firing pulses and switch input to sample-and-hold comparator gating firing signals |
DE3123523A1 (en) * | 1981-06-13 | 1982-12-30 | Bär Elektrowerke KG, 5885 Schalksmühle | Circuit arrangement for controlling an electrical device |
US4626698A (en) * | 1984-12-21 | 1986-12-02 | General Electric Company | Zero crossing synchronous AC switching circuits employing piezoceramic bender-type switching devices |
US4620124A (en) * | 1984-12-21 | 1986-10-28 | General Electric Company | Synchronously operable electrical current switching apparatus having increased contact separation in the open position and increased contact closing force in the closed position |
US4620123A (en) * | 1984-12-21 | 1986-10-28 | General Electric Company | Synchronously operable electrical current switching apparatus having multiple circuit switching capability and/or reduced contact resistance |
US4595855A (en) * | 1984-12-21 | 1986-06-17 | General Electric Company | Synchronously operable electrical current switching apparatus |
US4680490A (en) * | 1985-04-02 | 1987-07-14 | Gould Inc. | MOSFET AC switch |
US6474979B1 (en) * | 2000-08-29 | 2002-11-05 | Emerson Electric Co. | Device and method for triggering a gas furnace ignitor |
US6727475B2 (en) * | 2001-07-27 | 2004-04-27 | Eastman Kodak Company | Heating control system which minimizes AC power line voltage fluctuations |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3329887A (en) * | 1963-03-04 | 1967-07-04 | Barber Colman | Burst length proportioning system for controlling electric power |
US3265933A (en) * | 1963-10-24 | 1966-08-09 | Allis Chalmers Mfg Co | Control circuit for operating circuit interrupter at a zero current point in system wave form |
US3358218A (en) * | 1964-02-11 | 1967-12-12 | United Control Corp | Signal controlled on-off maximum power transfer system |
US3335291A (en) * | 1965-03-11 | 1967-08-08 | Gen Electric | Zero voltage switching circuit using gate controlled conducting devices |
US3363143A (en) * | 1965-09-07 | 1968-01-09 | Navy Usa | Alternating current switching power contact with soft start and circuit protection |
-
1966
- 1966-10-06 US US584702A patent/US3486042A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1967
- 1967-10-03 DE DE19671613686 patent/DE1613686A1/en active Pending
- 1967-10-04 FR FR123280A patent/FR93219E/en not_active Expired
- 1967-10-05 SE SE13653/67A patent/SE336175B/xx unknown
- 1967-10-05 CH CH1389467A patent/CH474920A/en unknown
- 1967-10-05 GB GB45597/67A patent/GB1193091A/en not_active Expired
- 1967-10-06 NL NL6713636A patent/NL6713636A/xx unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL6713636A (en) | 1968-04-08 |
DE1613686A1 (en) | 1971-05-06 |
GB1193091A (en) | 1970-05-28 |
FR93219E (en) | 1969-02-28 |
CH474920A (en) | 1969-06-30 |
US3486042A (en) | 1969-12-23 |
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