KLASS INTERNATIONELLSVENSK A01 g 23/08 45 f:23/08 PATENT- OCH REGISTRERINGSVERKET Ans. 1031/1964 inkom den 28/1 1964 utlagd den 14/6 196 J W JOHANSSON, UPPLANDS VASBY Salt att fälla trad i visa riktning jamte verktyg for utforande av siittet Vid tradfallning är det ofta nodvandigt att inrikta tradets fallriktning, sà att tradet trots dess egen tendens betraffande fallriktning icke faller over redan fallda triid, och pa grund av den nu for tiden alltmer anvanda maskinella upplyftningen av timret pa fallningsplatsen och lastning pa transportfordon stalks diirtill en fordran pa att alla triid fallas i samma riktning. Atgarden att med lina och talja i samband med s5gningen tvAngsvis draga omkull triiden i den bestamda riktningen iir alltfOr tidsodande i skogshanteringen och utnyttjandet av kil och slagga är svart och ohanterligt, varfOr det anvanda medlet har blivit en 2-3 m lang tryckstang, som stalles snett mellan marken och tradet och medelst en hydraulisk anordning forlanges till att driva omkull tradet i den bestamda riktningen, da tradet sagas ay. Tryckstangen med hydraulik ãr Omtalig for skador, ohanterlig att transportera och svar att ge tillräckligt sdkert faste mot marken, sa att stangen i fallningsogonblicket ratt ofta visar sig ha for liten kraft for att med tvang driva tradet i den bestamda fallningsriktningen.
CLASS INTERNATIONAL SWEDISH A01 g 23/08 45 f: 23/08 PATENT AND REGISTRATION AGENCY Ans. 1031/1964 was received on 28/1 1964 issued on 14/6 196 JW JOHANSSON, UPPLANDS VASBY Salt to fell the tree in a certain direction as well as tools for the execution of the site tendency regarding the direction of fall does not fall over already fallen triids, and due to the currently increasingly used mechanical lifting of the timber at the point of fall and loading on transport vehicles, this demands a demand that all triads fall in the same direction. The procedure of using rope and hoist in connection with the sawing, for example, forcibly overturning the triad in the determined direction is too time-consuming in forest management and the use of wedges and slag is black and unmanageable, for which the means used has become a 2-3 m long pressure rod, which is stabled obliquely between the ground and the wire and by means of a hydraulic device is required to push the wire over in the determined direction, as the wire is sawn ay. The push rod with hydraulics is prone to damage, unwieldy to transport and the answer to provide a sufficiently secure attachment to the ground, so that the rod at the moment of falling often turns out to have too little force to force the line in the determined direction of fall.
Foreliggande uppfinning avser att skaffa ett fallningsforfarande och ett verktyg fOr att pa ett behandigare och fordelaktigare salt an tidigare kunna faila triid i fOrutbestamd riktning oberoende av i vilken riktning tradet har en egentendens att falla. Sattet att enligt uppfinningen fiilla trad i viss riktning, da tradet forsetts med den vanliga sagskaran nara roten, men har en aterstaende osagad tvarsektionsdel, utmarkes darav, att en urtagning gores i sagskarans ena vagg pa ett stiille i tradets periferi, som iir diametralt emot forutbestamd fallningsriktning, att en tang med arbetsytor pa tangkaftarnas yttre, Iran varandra vanda sidor halles med kaftarna rOrliga i vertikalled och kaftarna inforas i urtagning en samt svangas isar och spannas mot en vagg i urtagningen och motstaende vagg i sagskaran, varefter tradets osagade tvarsektionsdels tvarsektionsarea minskas genom att en sagskara eller ett hak gores dari och tangens spannkraft Okas, tills sagskaran vidgas och tradet faller i bestamd riktning. Ett fOr utforande av namnda satt avsett verktyg, vilket be-star av en med svangbara kaftar och skanklar forsedd tang, som har kaftarnas fran varandra vanda yttersidor utbildade till arbetsytor for ingrepp med arbetsstycket, utmarkes enligt uppfinningen darav, att skanklarna for drivning av skanklarna i riktning mot varandra under vidgande av kaftarna dro inblirdes forbundna medelst en spannskruv, som är frig& ende lagrad i skanklarnas ytterandar och utanfOr den ena skankeln har ett mot denna anliggande huvud med vev och utanfor den andra skankeln har en mot denna anliggande, relativt skankeln ovridbar mutter. The present invention aims to provide a falling method and a tool for being able to fail triid in a predetermined direction in a predetermined and more advantageous salt than before, regardless of the direction in which the thread has a tendency to fall. The method of filling the wire in a certain direction according to the invention, when the wire is continued with the usual saw blade near the root, but has a remaining unsaid cross-sectional part, is distinguished by the fact that a recess is made in one wall of the saw blade on a stem in the periphery direction of falling, that a pair of tongs with working surfaces on the outer sides of the tong shafts, Iran each other, is held with the shafts movable vertically and the shafts are inserted in recess one and swung ices and stretched against a rock in the recess and opposite rock in the saw shaft, after which the unsaid cross-section that a sawmill or a hook gores dari and the clamping force of the pliers Okas, until the sawmill widens and the thread falls in a certain direction. A tool intended for carrying out said set, which consists of a pair of pliers provided with pivotable shafts and shanks, which have the outer surfaces of the shafts formed into working surfaces for engaging the workpiece, is defined according to the invention in that the shanks for driving the shanks in in the direction of each other during widening of the shafts were connected by means of a clamping screw, which is freely mounted in the outer ends of the shanks and outside one shank has a head abutting against it with a crank and outside the other shank has a nut which is relatively opposed to this shank. .
Forfarandet och verktyget enligt uppfinningen forklaras narmare i det foljande i samband med beskrivandet av en pa bifogade ritning sasom exempel visad utforingsform. Fig. 1 visar en sidovy av en tang enligt uppfinningen. Fig. 2 visar tangen sedd uppifran. Fig. 3 visar en sidovy av tangen under an-van dning. The method and the tool according to the invention are explained in more detail in the following in connection with the description of an embodiment shown in the accompanying drawing as an example. Fig. 1 shows a side view of a pliers according to the invention. Fig. 2 shows the pliers seen from above. Fig. 3 shows a side view of the pliers in use.
Tangen enligt uppfinningen har ett par kaftar 1 och 2, som aro forenade med var sin skankel 3 och 4. Dessa skanklars 3, 4 narmast kaftarna 1, 2 belagna delar aro svangbart lagrade pa en axel 5 utan att skanklarna 3, 4 med kaftarna 1, 2 korsa varandra sasom i en sax. PA kaltarnas 1, 2 fran varandra vanda sidor finnas ryggar eller asar 6. Mellan skanklarnas 3, 4 ytterandar Ur anbragt en spannskruv 7, som är frigaende lagrad i skanklarna och utanfor den ena skankeln 3 har ett skruvhuvud 8 med vev 9 och utanfor den andra 2 skankeln 4 har en mutter 10, som medelst tva fingrar 11 pa skankeln 4 kvarhalles ovridbar vid skankeln. Skankeln 3 är axiellt oftirskjutbar relativt spannskruven 7 men skankeln 4 ar axiellt forskjutbar och rymligt frigaende pa spannskruven, sa att skanklarnas svangningsrorelse mot och fran varandra icke hindras. DarfOr är aven mutterns 10 anliggningsyta mot skankeln 4 lampligt avrundad. Veven 9 ar vridbar och forskjutbar i skruvhuvudet 8, men lampligen finnes nagon utlosbar snappanordning i huvudet 8 for att fasthalla veven i lampligt arbetslage. The tongs according to the invention have a pair of shafts 1 and 2, which are joined together by their shank 3 and 4. These shanked parts 3, 4 closest to the shafts 1, 2 are pivotally mounted on a shaft 5 without the shanks 3, 4 with the shafts 1 , 2 cross each other as in a pair of scissors. On the sides of the calves 1, 2 spaced apart there are ridges or axes 6. Between the outer ends of the shanks 3, 4 A clamping screw 7 is arranged, which is freely mounted in the shanks and outside one shank 3 has a screw head 8 with crank 9 and outside the other The shank 4 has a nut 10 which, by means of two fingers 11 on the shank 4, is retained in a non-rotatable manner at the shank. The shank 3 is axially displaceable relative to the clamping screw 7, but the shank 4 is axially displaceable and spatially free on the clamping screw, so that the pivoting movement of the shanks towards and away from each other is not hindered. Therefore, the abutment surface of the nut 10 against the shank 4 is also aptly rounded. The crank 9 is rotatable and displaceable in the screw head 8, but suitably there is a releasable snap device in the head 8 for holding the crank in a suitable working position.
Vid tradfallning har det hittills varit vanligt, att ett s. k. fallhugg forst gores pa den sidan av tradet som ãr fallningssidan, och darefter utfOres tvaravsagningen. Det är emellertid fordelaktigare att forst utfora horisontalsagningen i vanlig utstrackning, varefter saledes en del av tradets 12, fig. 3, tvarsektion Aterstar orord och fortfarande ger god stadga at tradet. Darefter upptages en urtagning 13, intill sagskaran pa den relativt fallningsriktningen diametralt motstaende tradsidan. Tang-en enligt fig. 1 och 2 Hiles vertikalt, dvs. med axeln 5 horisontell, och kaftarna 1, 2 hopfallda mot varandra inforas i urtagningen 13. Medelst veven 9 och spannskruven 7 drivas skiinklarna 3, 4 i riktning mot varandra och kaftarna 1, 2 vidgas, varvid deras med asar 6 forsedda och som arbetsytor verksamma yttersidor utova en kraftig spannkraft mot urtagningens 13 vaggar och satta en spanning pa tradet. Darefter gores fallhugget 14, tills avstandet till sagskaran blir helt litet, exempelvis 2 cm. Harefter vrides spannskruven 7 ytterligare, sa att kaftarna 1, 2 vidgas annu mer, med pafoljd att tradet faller i den avsedda riktningen, aven om tradet vuxit snett och har en egen tendens att falla i en helt annan riktning an den Onskade. Om man sasom vanligt gOr fallhugget forst, far man avbryta sagningen av den horisontella sagskaran, innan fullt djup natts. Darefter upptager man urtagningen 13 och insatter tangen i spanning, varefter sagskaran fordjupas i full utstrackning och tangen spannes ytterligare, tills tradet faller. Detta forfarande Or omstandligare an det forst beskrivna och risk finnes for att sagen, som oftast fir en motorhandsag kommer i beroring med tangen, da sagen infOres for fordjupning av sagskaran. In the case of tree felling, it has hitherto been common for a so-called fall felling to first be made on the side of the tree which is the felling side, and then the cross-sawing is carried out. However, it is more advantageous to first carry out the horizontal sawing to the usual extent, after which a part of the cross section of Fig. 3, Fig. 3, thus restores unrest and still gives good stability to the trade. Then a recess 13 is taken up, next to the saw blade on the diametrically opposite thread side in the direction of relative fall. The pliers according to Figs. 1 and 2 Hiles vertically, i.e. with the shaft 5 horizontal, and the shafts 1, 2 folded towards each other are inserted into the recess 13. By means of the crank 9 and the clamping screw 7 the ski shafts 3, 4 are driven towards each other and the shafts 1, 2 are widened, their shafts 6 provided and acting as working surfaces exteriors exert a strong clamping force against the recess 13 cradles and put a tension on the wire. Then the fall 14 is cut, until the distance to the saw blade is completely small, for example 2 cm. Then the clamping screw 7 is turned further, so that the cafters 1, 2 widen even more, with the consequence that the thread falls in the intended direction, even if the thread has grown obliquely and has its own tendency to fall in a completely different direction than the desired one. If, as usual, the felling is done first, you must interrupt the sawing of the horizontal sawmill, before full depth of night. Then the recess 13 is taken up and the pliers are inserted in tension, after which the saw blade is fully immersed and the pliers are further tightened until the wire falls. This procedure is more circumstantial than the first described and there is a risk that the saw, which is usually a motor hand saw, comes into contact with the pliers, as the saw is inserted to deepen the saw blade.
Sasom utan vidare torde vara tydligt har det beskrivna verktyget och anvandningen darav fordelen av att verktyget alltid far ett stabilt ingrepp direkt med tradet, iir behandigt att betjiina och Or latthanterligt att medfora i skogen samt o6mt for yttre paverkan. Verk- tygets detaljutforande kan givetvis varieras inom uppfinningens ram. Exempelvis kunna kaftarna hallas ihop darigenom, att en fjader hailer isar skanklarna och den mekaniska anordningen for att svanga dessa emot varandra kan ha olika utforanden och eventuellt ersattas av en manuell kraftgivare. As should be readily apparent, the tool described and its use have the advantage that the tool always has a stable engagement directly with the trade, is easy to operate and easy to carry in the forest, as well as for external influences. The detailed design of the tool can of course be varied within the scope of the invention. For example, the shafts can be held together by a spring hailer icing the shanks and the mechanical device for pivoting them against each other can have different designs and possibly be replaced by a manual force sensor.