SE202216C1

SE202216C1 -

Info

Publication number: SE202216C1
Authority: SE
Publication date: 1965-01-01

Description

Uppfinnare: G Missbach Uppfinningen hanfor sig till en anordning for kontinuerlig formning av termoplastmaterial med hjalp av en roterande, till en vakuumanlaggning ansluten trumma, som tjanar som hallare fOr formen och mot vilken en for formning avsedd folie bringas till anliggning genom dragpressning under vakuum langs en del av trummans periferi, varvid dessutom medel aro anordnade for att inom omradet for formen uppvarma folien till formningstemperatur samt ater avkyla den efter formningen. Inventor: G Missbach The invention relates to a device for continuous molding of thermoplastic material by means of a rotating drum connected to a vacuum system, which serves as a holder for the mold and against which a foil intended for molding is brought into abutment by tensile pressing under vacuum along a part of the periphery of the drum, wherein in addition means are provided for heating the foil to molding temperature within the area of the mold and cooling it again after molding.

Anordningar av detta slag aro tidigare kanda. Salunda beskriver exempelvis det amerikanska patentet 2 387 747 ett kontinuerligt arbetande, av dubbla trummor bestaende aggregat, i vilket de hada trummorna berora varandra langs sina periferier. Vardera trumman är langs sin periferi fOrsedd med halvklotformiga formhalvor, och pa vale trumma pafores en gelatinfolie, som strax dessf5rinnan uppvarmts till plasticeringstemperatur. Under anvandning av vakuum-dragpressningsfOrfarandet bringas darefter den mjukgjorda folien till tat anliggning mot formen. Under lop-pet av trummans fortsatta rotation insprutas sedan fyllnadsgodset i de sa bildade halvklotformiga skalarna. Slutligen tillslutes den numera ungefar klotformade forpackningen Hugs sina kanter samt utstansas ur foliematerialet. Devices of this kind are previously known. Salunda describes, for example, U.S. Pat. Each drum is provided along its periphery with hemispherical mold halves, and on each drum a gelatin foil is applied, which shortly before that has been heated to plasticizing temperature. Using the vacuum tensile pressing method, the softened foil is then brought into abutment against the mold. During the course of the continued rotation of the drum, the filling material is then injected into the thus formed hemispherical scales. Finally, the now approximately globe-shaped package Hugs closes its edges and is punched out of the foil material.

For bibehallande eller kontroll av det for dragpressningsprocessen erforderliga vakuet Fangs den Onskade delen av trumperiferien fordras vid dessa kanda maskiner myeket omstandliga och till foljd harav ¥ dyrbara anordningar. Salunda anordnas for detta andamal for vale formrad ett Over trummans hela bredd sig strackande tvarghende hal, som Dupl. kl. 39 a2: 17/04 i sin tur genom kanaler st5r i fOrbindelse med de enskilda -formarna. For att nu det for ett ordnat fiirlopp erforderliga antalet dylika tvargaende hl skola kunna anslutas till vakuumanlaggningen, exempelvis en vakuumpump, samverkar ena andytan pa vardera trumman med en ventilplatta, varvid saval trummans andyta som ventilplattan maste vara myeket omsorgsfullt bearbetade och slipade, for att en vakuumtat anliggning skall astadkommas. I ventilplattan finnes en segmentformigt utbildad, i riktning mot trummans tvarg&ende hal Oppen kanal, som star i forbindelse med vakuumanlaggningen och som har en sa avpassad langd, att den tacker det onskade antalet hal i trumman. Det inses latt, att man vid dessa kanda anordningar maste stalla mycket stora fordringar pa den for kontroll av vakuet anordnade konstruktionen, varfor man forutom de hoga framstallningskostnaderna aven har att rakna med stora risker for storningar vid aggregatets drift, eftersom det i allmanhet Or svart att under en lingre tid sakerstalla en fullstandigt vakuumtat anliggning for ventilplattan. In order to maintain or control the vacuum required for the tensile pressing process, the desired part of the drum periphery is required in these well-known machines by very durable and consequently expensive devices. Salunda is arranged for this andamal for vale formed a across the entire width of the drum stretching transverse hall, as Dupl. at 39 a2: 17/04 in turn through channels is in connection with the individual forms. In order now to be able to connect the required number of such transverse holes to the vacuum system, for example a vacuum pump, for one orderly operation, one end face of each drum cooperates with a valve plate, whereby both the face of the drum and the valve plate must be very carefully machined and ground. vacuum contact must be achieved. In the valve plate there is a segment-shaped, in the direction of the transverse and open hall of the drum, an open channel, which is connected to the vacuum system and which has such a tailored length that it accommodates the desired number of slides in the drum. It is easy to see that with these known devices very large demands must be placed on the construction arranged for control of the vacuum, so that in addition to the high manufacturing costs one also has to deal with great risks of disturbances in the operation of the unit, since it is generally black. for a long time a completely vacuum-sealed bearing for the valve plate.

Enligt uppfinningen elimineras dessa nackdelar fullstandigt darigenom, att den pa kant satt som hallare fOr formen tjanande trumman Or utbildad som halkropp samt med mellanlagg av ett eller flera elastiska element omgiver en till diametern mindre hjalptrumma, som Or emeentriskt anordnad sO, att den genom friktion medbringas av den yttre trumman, varvid det eller de elastiska elementen tacka suglippningen langs den av folien ej omspanda delen av yttertrumman. I stallet for den tidigare kanda, med hjalp av stela metalldelar astadkomna kontakttatningen fen' tillslutning av de av folien ej tackta sugOppning- 2 arna anvandes m. a. o, ett elastiskt tatningselement, varigenom den erforderliga vakuumtata berOringen utan svarighet kan uppnAs med konstruktivt synnerligen enkla medel under betydligt fOrlangd driftstid. Det fir dessutom av va.sentlig betydelse, att trumman in-am omradet for tatningsytorna ej erfordrar flagon speciell finbearbetning, eftersom det elastiska tatningselementet helt automatiskt anpassar sig efter de pa trumman befintliga tatningsytornas konturer. According to the invention, these disadvantages are completely eliminated by the fact that it is set on the edge as a holder for the shape serving the drum Or formed as a sliding body and with an intermediate layer of one or more elastic elements surrounds an auxiliary diameter smaller diameter, which is arranged by friction. of the outer drum, the elastic element or elements thanking the suction slip along the part of the outer drum not encased by the foil. Instead of the previous jug, with the aid of rigid metal parts, the contact seal made by closing the suction openings not supported by the foil is used, an elastic sealing element is used, whereby the required vacuum contact can be achieved without responsibility by constructively extremely simple means. significantly extended operating time. It is also of significant importance that the drum within the area of the sealing surfaces does not require special finishing, as the elastic sealing element automatically adapts to the contours of the sealing surfaces present on the drum.

Anordningen enligt uppfinningen forklaras narmare i det foljande under hanvisning till bifogade ritningar, som visa olika utforingsexempel. Fig. 1 visar darvid schematiskt en tvarsektion genom ett enligt uppfinningen utformat trumaggregat med tillhorande delar saint en Word foliebana. Fig. 2 visar en langdsektion genom samma trumaggregat. Fig. 3 visar en lingdsektion genom en annan utforingsform, vid vilken en innertrumma med variabelt anlaggningstryck är anordnad. Fig. 4 visar en tvarsektion kings linj en A—A i fig. 3. Fig. visar en tvarsektion langs linjen B—B i fig. 3. Fig. 6 visar en sidovy av en maskinanlaggning bestaende av ett enligt uppfinningen utformat trumaggregat, ett mellanbord samt en upplindningsanordning fdr det ffirdiga godset. The device according to the invention is explained in more detail in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show various exemplary embodiments. Fig. 1 schematically shows a cross section through a drum unit designed according to the invention with associated parts saint a Word foil web. Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section through the same drum assembly. Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section through another embodiment, in which an inner drum with variable application pressure is arranged. Fig. 4 shows a cross-section of line A and A in Fig. 3. Fig. Shows a cross-section along the line B-B in Fig. 3. Fig. 6 shows a side view of a machine plant consisting of a drum assembly designed according to the invention, a intermediate table and a winding device for the finished goods.

Vid utforingsexemplet enligt fig. 1 och 2 bestar anordningen av en som halkropp utbildad yttertrumma 1, som är fOrsedd riled kings periferien fordelade sugOppningar 2. Vid bada andarna fir trumman gastatt tillsluten medelst gavelstycken 3, 4, vilka uppbara vridtappar 5 resp. 6, som tjana som lager for trumman. Vridtapparna firo forsedda med .axiella, centrala urborrningar eller kanaler 7 resp. 8, som forbinda trummans inre med en ej visad vakuumanlaggning, exempelvis en till en vakuurapump ansluten tryckutjamnande vakuumtank. Inuti trumman 1 ar en hjalptrumma 9 med mindre diameter excentriskt anbragta under mellanlagg av ett elastiskt skikt 10, som kan vara antingen lOst eller fast pasatt pa trumman 9, ev. aven fastvulkaniserat. Det elastiska materialet 10 kan lampligen best& av temperaturhestandigt gummi, en gummielastisk plast eller av skumgummi eller uppskummad plast. Ev. kan emellertid hjalptrumman 9 i sin helhet vara framstalld av elastiskt material. In the exemplary embodiment according to Figs. 1 and 2, the device consists of an outer drum 1 formed as a hollow body, which is provided with suction openings distributed on the periphery of the riled kings. 6, which serve as storage for the drum. The pivot pins are provided with .axial, central bores or channels 7 resp. 8, which connect the interior of the drum to a vacuum system (not shown), for example a pressure-equalizing vacuum tank connected to a vacuum pump. Inside the drum 1, an auxiliary drum 9 of smaller diameter is arranged eccentrically under an intermediate layer of an elastic layer 10, which can be either loose or fixedly fitted to the drum 9, if necessary. also solid vulcanized. The elastic material 10 may suitably consist of temperature-resistant rubber, a rubber-elastic plastic or of foam rubber or foamed plastic. Ev. however, the auxiliary drum 9 may be made entirely of elastic material.

Den for formning avsedda, I pilens 11 riktning (fig. 1) frammatade foliebanan 12 passerar forst Over en brytrulle 13, innan den framkommer till trumman 1, pa vilken modellen eller formen, exempelvis en broderad eller pa annat lampligt satt preparerad bordduk 14 av limie e. d. är uppspand. Nar foliebanan. kommit upp pa trumman, passerar den fOrbi ett uppvarmningsaggregat 15,. varvid den blir plastisk och under inverkan av det 1 mellanrummet 16 mellan trummorna samt 1 buffertrummet 16' fOrhandenvarandet vakuet intimt smycger sig efter modellen 14 och erhaller dennas ytstruktur. Omedelbart efterat avkyles foliebanan Ater medelst en kylanordning 17, varvid dess erhallna form blir fixerad, och slutligen fores den over en brytrulle 18 till ett tillklippningsbord eller en upplindningshaspel. The foil web 12 intended for shaping, fed in the direction of the arrow 11 (Fig. 1), first passes over a breaking roller 13, before it arrives at the drum 1, on which the model or mold, for example an embroidered or otherwise suitably prepared tablecloth 14 of lime oath is spanned. Nar foliebanan. come up on the drum, it passes in front of a heater 15 ,. whereby it becomes plastic and under the influence of the space 16 between the drums and the buffer space 16 'the present vacuum intimately adorns itself after the model 14 and obtains its surface structure. Immediately afterwards, the foil web Ater is cooled by means of a cooling device 17, whereby its obtained shape is fixed, and finally it is passed over a breaking roller 18 to a cutting table or a winding reel.

I det visade exemplet Or brytrullen 18 kopplad till en ej visad elektrisk motor e. d. samt anordnad att med hj alp av friktion driva trumman 1. Under trummans 1 rotation medbringas hjalptrumman 9 pa grund av sin egenvikt och den elastiska belaggningen 10. Den se-flare tillsluter darvid de med 2 betecknade Oppningarna i trumman 1 pa de stallen, dar dessa oppningar ej tackas av foliebanan 12. Den elastiska belaggningen 10 kan darvid om sä erfordras utpressas i sidled, sasom antydes vid 19 i fig. 2, eftersom innertrumman 9 utan olagenhet kan vara kortare an yttertrummans invandiga langd. In the example shown, the breaker roller 18 is coupled to an electric motor (not shown) and arranged to drive the drum 1 by means of friction. the openings in 2 indicated by 2 in the stalls where these openings are not thanked by the foil web 12. The elastic coating 10 can then, if necessary, be pressed out laterally, as indicated at 19 in Fig. 2, since the inner drum 9 can be shorter than the inner length of the outer drum.

Vid utforingsexemplet enligt fig. 3-5 Sr anordningen konstruerad ph likartat satt, endast med den skillnaden, att innertrumman 9 med hjalp av en excenter 20 Sr stallbar forhallande till trumman 1. Tack vare denna konstruktion kan innertrumman, dS. anordningen ej anvandes, tillsammans med sin mantel eller belaggning 10' upplyftas frail yttertrumman, varigenom belaggningen erhaller en sarskilt lang livslangd. Dessutom kan innertrummans anliggningstryck varieras inom vida granser, varjamte trumaggraegatet Oven kan utnyttj as for arbeten, vid vilka innertrumman I stallet skall anligga mot yttertrummans ovre del. Enligt fig. 3-5 Or innertrumman vidare lagrad pa en ihalig axel 23, som star i fiirbindelse med en ej visad vakuumanlfiggning saint via oppningar 22 har forbindelse med innertrummans inre rum 16'. In the exemplary embodiment according to Figs. 3-5, the device constructed ph is similarly set, only with the difference that the inner drum 9, with the aid of an eccentric 20 Sr, is adjustable relative to the drum 1. Thanks to this construction, the inner drum, dS. the device is not used, together with its jacket or coating 10 'is lifted from the outer drum, whereby the coating obtains a particularly long service life. In addition, the abutment pressure of the inner drum can be varied within wide limits, and the drum unit above can also be used for work in which the inner drum in the stable is to abut against the upper part of the outer drum. According to Figs. 3-5, the inner drum is further mounted on a hollow shaft 23, which is in communication with a vacuum installation (not shown) and via openings 22 is connected to the inner space 16 'of the inner drum.

I fig. 6 visas slutligen en totalvy av en fornaningsanlfiggning med ett enligt uppfinningen konstruerat trumaggregat. Foliebanan tillfOres pa ovan beskrivet satt till formningstrumman 1 frau endera av tva. avlindningstrummor 23, 24, vilka lampligen Oro forsedda med bromsanordningar Trumman 1 fir lagrad i ett ladformigt stativ 25, som aven innehailer &rig erforderlig utrustning, sasom. I. ex. vakuumpump, vakuumtank e. d. saint tillhorande man8vreringsorgan. De vid 26 och 27 antydda manOverarmarna tjana till att mOjliggora undansvangning av uppvarmningsanordningen 15 resp. kyianordningen 17 vid laggning av modellen 14 samt Sven vid panrande av foliebanan. Innertrummans anligg- 3 ningstryck regleras har pa samma satt som enligt fig. 3-5 med hjalp av en excenteranordning, som manoveras medelst en ratt 28. Efter trumaggregatet finnes ett tillklippningseller arbetsbord 29, pa vilket den formade foliebanan kan skaras till exempelvis dukar. Om den framstallda produkten Onskas i form av en andlos bana, fares det formade materialet till en upplindningstrumma 31. mom ramen for uppfinningen kan denna anlaggning oxen modifieras sá, att man i still-let for ett enda trumaggregat i enlighet med konstruktionen j det ovannamnda amerikanska patentet anordnar tva i motsatta riktningar drivna trumaggregat, som aro spegelvanda i forhallande till varandra. Pa detta satt kan man exempelvis framstalla fOrpackningskapslar och darvid pa vardera trumman utforma den ena halvan av kapslarna i foliebanan. I ett kontinuerligt arbetsfOrlopp kunna dessa formkroppshalvor sedan forbindas med varandra med hjalp av en svetsningsanordning samt ev. samtidigt fyllas och utskaras ur foliebanorna. Fig. 6 finally shows an overall view of a refurbishment plant with a drum assembly constructed according to the invention. The foil web is fed in the manner described above to the forming drum 1 from either of two. unwinding drums 23, 24, which are suitably provided with braking devices. The drum 1 is mounted in a ladle-shaped frame 25, which also contains the necessary equipment, such as. I. ex. vacuum pump, vacuum tank, etc. saint associated actuators. The control arms indicated at 26 and 27 serve to enable the heating device 15 and 5 to escape, respectively. the cooling device 17 when laying the model 14 and Sven when panning the foil web. The abutment pressure of the inner drum is regulated in the same way as in Figs. 3-5 with the aid of an eccentric device, which is operated by means of a knob 28. After the drum unit there is a cutting or working table 29, on which the formed foil web can be cut into, for example, cloths. If the manufactured product is desired in the form of a breathable web, the molded material is passed to a winding drum 31. According to the invention, this plant can be modified so that instead of a single drum assembly in accordance with the construction of the above-mentioned American the patent arranges two drum assemblies driven in opposite directions, which are mirror-shaped in relation to each other. In this way, it is possible, for example, to produce packaging capsules and thereby design one half of the capsules in the foil web on each drum. In a continuous work process, these shaped body halves can then be connected to each other with the aid of a welding device and possibly at the same time filled and cut out of the foil webs.

Ett tekniskt mycket intressant anvandningsomrade for anordningen enligt uppfinningen fir slutligen kaschering av olika amnen under utnyttjande av det runt vakuumtrumman 1 forefintliga atmosfarstryeket. Vid de kanda anordningarna kan namligen det for gaschering erforderliga trycket endast diskontinuerligt, dvs. stegvis, paforas pa storre ytor, i det att vid pressning mellan tva valsar trycket kommer till inverkan under kort tid eller i huvudsak Ifings en linje. I jamforelse harmed erbjuder anordningen enligt uppfinningen den fordelen, att trycket pa de hada material, som skola kascheras med varandra, blir verksamt kings en stor del av trummans periferi, varvid hopklistringen dessutom kan beframjas genom uppvarmning. 'Slid kaschering av plast pa textilvavnader kan textilvavnaden exempelvis ligga pa trumman, varvid plastbanan fastsuges vid den porosa vagen. A technically very interesting field of application for the device according to the invention for finally leaching of various substances using the atmospheric pressure present around the vacuum drum 1. In the case of the known devices, the pressure required for gassing can only be discontinuous, ie. gradually, is applied to larger surfaces, in that when pressed between two rollers the pressure comes into effect for a short time or mainly ifings one line. In comparison with this, the device according to the invention offers the advantage that the pressure on the raw materials which are to be laminated with each other becomes effective in a large part of the periphery of the drum, whereby the sticking can also be promoted by heating. Slide lashing of plastic on textile fabrics, the textile fabric can, for example, lie on the drum, whereby the plastic web is sucked to the porous web.

Pa det beskrivna sattet kan man dessutom genomfora exempelvis kasehering av plast pa papper, papper pa plast, papper pa textilvavnad o. d. In the manner described, it is also possible to carry out, for example, the casing of plastic on paper, paper on plastic, paper on textile fabric and the like.

Claims

Patent claim:

Device for continuous molding of thermoplastic material by means of a rotating drum connected to a vacuum system, which serves as a holder for the mold and against which a mold intended for molding is brought into abutment by vacuum pressing under vacuum of a part of the trump periphery, wherein means are also arranged for heating the foil to molding temperature in the area of the mold and for cooling the foil after completion of molding, characterized in that the drum (1) is formed as a hollow body with an intermediate layer of one or more elastic elements (10) surrounding a auxiliary drum smaller in diameter (9), which are arranged eccentrically so that they are carried by friction by the outer drum, the elastic element or elements thanking the suction openings (2) along the part of the outer casing not covered by the foil.

Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the auxiliary step member (9) consists of elastic material.

Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the auxiliary drum. (9) is surrounded by a sheath (10) of elastic material.

Device according to any one of patent claims 1-3, characterized in that the elastic element (10) surrounding the auxiliary drum (9) consists of rubber or a rubber-like plastic material.

Device according to any one of patent claims 1-3, characterized in that the elastic element (10) surrounding the auxiliary drum (9) consists of foam rubber or foamed plastic.

Device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that an elastic coating (10) is fixed vulcanized on the upper drum (9).

Device according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the auxiliary drum (9) is mounted radially displaceable in relation to the axis of rotation of the outer drum (1), whereby the abutment pressure between the hot drums is installable.

Device according to claim 7, characterized in that an eccentric or eccentrics (20) are arranged for regulating the contact pressure.

Device according to any one of patent claims 1-8, characterized in that the auxiliary drum (9) is shorter than the internal length of the outer drum (1). Request publications: