SE202196C1

SE202196C1 -

Info

Publication number: SE202196C1
Authority: SE
Publication date: 1965-01-01

Description

Uppfinnare: G Hubble Prioritet begard frein den 13 februari 1959 ( Storbritannien) Forelig.gande uppfinning avser frnmstallningen av bOjda glasskivor, ,som, sedan kunna varmebehandlas for att utgora s. k. hardat glas eller kunna hoplaggas for att bilda s. k. laminerat glas. Sadana bajda glasskivor kunna bringas den form, som_erfordras, for bilfonster, sasom t. ex.. vindrutor och bakfonster. Inventor: G Hubble Priority was introduced on February 13, 1959 (Great Britain). Such glass panes can be brought to the shape required for car windows, such as windshields and rear windows.

Dyliga glasskivor boj as vanligen genom att de laggas i huvudsak horisontellt ph eller °van:for en metallram, vars form svarar mot den yttre form, till vilken glaset skall bojas, varefter glaset i en ugn, som uppb.ettats till lamplig temperatur, far sjunka ned till heroring med ranaen. Dyable glass sheets are usually bent by laying them substantially horizontally ph or ° van: for a metal frame, the shape of which corresponds to the outer shape to which the glass is to be bent, after which the glass in an oven heated to a suitable temperature sink down to heroring with the rana.

Ugnar for bojnin:g av glas p0 detta satt upphettas huvudsakligen medelst elektriska varmeelement eller gasbrdnnare, som dm anoxdnode i ungstaket, sh att varmen tillfores glaset huvudsakligen uppifran, och uppfinningen komimer att beskrivas med hanvisning till en sadan ugn men den är icke begransad hartill. Furnaces for bending glass in this way are heated mainly by means of electric heating elements or gas burners, such as an anode node in the young roof, so that the heat is supplied to the glass mainly from above, and the invention will be described with reference to such an oven but not limited thereto.

For astadkommande av de komplicerade former, som erfordras for moderna bilfons-; ter, speciellt vindrutor, har man foreslagit ett flertal olika dtgarder for att upphetta olika mnraden av glaset till olika temperaturer, varvid de hetare omrhdena av glaset komma att sjunka neat snabbare och i storre utstrackning On de kallare omradena. Ett Shdant forslag gar ut ph att man skall anvanda gasflamm.or, som riktas lokalt mot de owl-Aden av glaset, som, skola bojas till den stOrsta utstraekningen Man kan Oven placera m.etallskarmar mellan glaset °th vArmekallan, ph nagot avstand frhn glaset, eller kan man anvanda metallmassor, som antin.gen aro massiva eller lint perforerade, vilka anbringas un- der glaset f5r atttillbaka upphettning- en av de omraden dar en mindre bojning av glaset Onskas. For the creation of the complicated forms required for modern car phones; In particular, windscreens, a number of different roofs have been proposed for heating different areas of the glass to different temperatures, with the hotter areas of the glass sinking faster and to a greater extent in the colder areas. A Shdant proposal goes out that gas flames should be used, which are directed locally towards the owl-Aden of the glass, which, should be bent to the greatest extent. the glass, or metal masses can be used, which are either solid or slightly perforated, which are placed under the glass to return the heating of the areas where a smaller bending of the glass is desired.

Huvudandamdlet med foreliggande uppfinRing Or att skapa ett forfaringssatt fOr bojning av glasskivor, varvid olika omrhden av en glasskiva kanna bojas till olika radier genom att man Wiser att de absorbera stralningsvfirmen i olika Mg grad. The main object of the present invention is to create a method for bending glass sheets, in which different areas of a glass sheet can be bent to different radii by showing that they absorb the radiating radiation to varying degrees.

Ett annat andamal med foreliggande nppfinning at att skapa ett forfaringssdtt fOr reglering av bojningen hos. en glassldva, sasom exempelvis en bilvindruta, i riktning vinkelraft mot dess storre dimension och att hindra denna bojning frhn att overskrida ett Onskvart varde. Annu ett andanahl med foreliggande u.ppfintring dr att skapa ett fOrbdttrat forfaringssatt, varvid bojningen av en glasskiva i riktning vinkelratt mot dess sfOrre dimension kan high i en oregelbunden form, i det att glasskivan Or ndrmelsevis plan mom ett parti och WA till en Eden radie av ca 20 cm eller mindre utmed ett annat parti. Another object of the present invention is to create a procedural method for regulating the inflection of. a glass window, such as a car windshield, in the direction of angular force towards its larger dimension and to prevent this bending from exceeding an Onskvart value. Another example of the present invention is to create an improved method, in which the bending of a glass sheet in a direction perpendicular to its larger dimension can be high in an irregular shape, in that the glass sheet is or plane plane with a portion and WA to an Eden radius. of about 20 cm or less along another section.

Enligt foreliggande uppfinning utmarkes ett satt att boja glasskivor genom att utsatta hela glasskivan f6r mot dess ena sida riktat stralningsvarme medan den vilar ph en. bajningsram, vars form svarar mot den form, till vilken glaset skall bojas, i huvudsak Ox 2 att man selektivt reglerar det varane som aborberas av glaset, genom, att man pa ett eller flera forutbestarnda ameaden av dess fran stralningsvarmekallan vanda yta anbringar en temporar belaggning av enskilda partiklar, vilka genom glaset fullstandigt aterreflektera det varme, som irwm det fOrutbestanada omradet, stralat mot belaggningen genom glaset, sa att den varmemangd, som. absorberats av glaset inom vart ach ett air dessa oral-Aden &as till faljd av f8rhindrandet av varmeforluster genom straining fran undersidan av partiklarna i belaggningen. According to the present invention, a method of bending glass sheets is marked by exposing the entire glass sheet to radiant heat directed towards one side while it rests on one. bending frame, the shape of which corresponds to the shape to which the glass is to be bent, essentially Ox 2 by selectively regulating the goods absorbed by the glass by applying a temporary coating to one or more predetermined amides of its radiant heat source surface. of individual particles, which through the glass completely reflect the heat which irwm the predominant area, radiated towards the coating through the glass, said that the heat mantle, which. absorbed by the glass within each ach an air these oral-Aden & as to the prevention of heat loss by straining from the underside of the particles in the coating.

Vid foredraget forfaringssatt enligt foreliggande uppfinning anbringas en belaggning aven pa. den ena sidan eller vardera ,sidan am omradet °eh pa glasets motsatta sida for att minska det varme .som absorberas air glaset pa respektive sida eller sidor am det böjda partiet Foljaktligen kan en reflekterande belaggning anbringas pa glasets 8versida pa limse.sidor OTI1 ett parti av glaset, som skall hookas, och p. undersidan av angransande parti av glaset, som skall bockas. In the preferred process of the present invention, a coating is also applied. one side or each side on the opposite side of the glass to reduce the heat absorbed by the glass on each side or sides of the curved portion. of the glass to be hooked, and p. the underside of the adjacent portion of the glass to be bent.

Enligt en ,annat kanneteeken for uppfinningen anbringas belaggningen air enskilda partiklar pa undersidan av ett paket av tva eller flera glasskivor, som skola bojas samtidigt, ach paketets Oversida forses med en belaggning p Omse sidor am forstnamnda belaggning av en.skilda partiklar. According to another embodiment of the invention, the coating is applied to individual particles on the underside of a package of two or more glass sheets, which are to be bent simultaneously, and the upper side of the package is provided with a coating on either side of the first-mentioned coating of individual particles.

Det är onskvart att beldggningen, av reflekteran.de material .skall lâI± kunna borttagas fran glasytan sedan glaset uppliettats och kylts, och lika tillfredsstallande resultat kunna uppnas vid. .anvandningen av i handeln ordinart forekommande kalk, talk, Idselgur, eller vissa slags finfOrdelade mineraler, sasom pulvriserad asbest. Goda resultat uppnas aven vid anvandning av rOd jarnoxid. Belaggningen kan anbringas genom att den pafores i form air ett pulver, men fOretradesvis anbringas den i form av en vxatskesuspension, antingen genom sprayning eller penselbestrykning, och den reflekterande effekten nara belaggningens sidokanter kan modifieras genorn att den far en op= kant eller genom att man minskar partikelkoncentrationen vid belaggningens kantpartier. It is desirable that the coating of the reflective material should be able to be removed from the glass surface after the glass has been melted and cooled, and equally satisfactory results can be obtained. .the use of commercially available lime, talc, cast iron, or certain types of finely divided minerals, such as powdered asbestos. Good results are also obtained with the use of red iron oxide. The coating can be applied by applying it in the form of a powder, but preferably it is applied in the form of a wax coating, either by spraying or brush coating, and the reflective effect near the side edges of the coating can be modified by giving an op edge or by reduces the particle concentration at the edge portions of the coating.

For att undvika en avgransad skiljelinje mellan de olika belagda patierna ar derma gradation mid kanterna air vane belaggning air va.sentlig vikt, sa att man undviker optiska felaktigheter i glaset pa detta stalle. For att avtunna tatheten has belaggningen yid kantpartierna, dar belaggningen sprutas pa, kan den paforda belaggningens volym progressivt minskas. Omm belaggningen anbringas i form av en vatske.suspension tillates den torka ftire eller under uppvarmningen och kan 1011 ay lagsnas genom borstning eller medelst en sugapparat, nar glaset har bojts och foretradesvis efter sedan det kallnat. Uppfinningen Or joke begransa.d till de ovan omtalade materialen, forutsatt aft partikelbelaggningen, som anbragts, har egenskaperna att helt reflektera varmestralarna av den vaglangd, sarn alstras av varmeelementen och bekla.dnaden i ugnstaket, sa 'att Idet varme, som absorberas av glaset, intensifieras mom de forutbestamda omradena, day belaggningen anbragts pa den fran varmekallan vanda glassidan. In order to avoid a demarcated dividing line between the different coated surfaces, this gradation between the edges is accustomed to coating in the air, so that optical defects in the glass in this place are avoided. In order to thin the density, the coating has the edge portions, where the coating is sprayed on, the volume of the required coating can be progressively reduced. If the coating is applied in the form of a liquid suspension, it is allowed to dry before or during heating and can be removed by brushing or by means of a suction device when the glass has been bent and preferably after it has cooled. The invention Or joke limited to the above-mentioned materials, provided that the particle coating applied has the properties of fully reflecting the heat rays of the wavelength generated by the heating elements and the cladding in the oven roof, so that the heat absorbed by the glass , intensified mom the predetermined areas, day the coating was applied to the from the cold cold water glass side.

Sasom ett exempel pa foreliggande uppfinning anordnades sex glasskivor av storleksordningen 50X10X3 mm parvis och varje par lades i ett horisontellt plan tvars mellan sta.], balkar, sam voro anordnade ea 46, can fran varandm. P0. mittpartiet ay undersidan av den undre glasskivan i ett par hade anbragts en belaggnin.g air kalk och pa mittpartiet ay undersidan ay den undre glassldvan i ett annat par hade anbragts en belaggning av rod jarnoxid medan ingen belaggning anvandes far det tredje paret. De pa detta salt upplagda glasskivoma infores gemensamt i en ugn och upphettades likformigt uppifran intill dess att det obelagda partiet hade sjunkit ned ea 38 mm. Efter kallnandet och uttagningen uppmattes nedsjunkningen hos glasskivornas mittpartier. Det befanns att nedsjunkningen av det obelagda paret, paret med larnoxidbelaggningen och paret med kalkbelaggningen f8rholl sig sasona 1 till 1,25 till 1,56. As an example of the present invention, six glass sheets of the order of 50X10 x 3 mm were arranged in pairs and each pair was laid in a horizontal plane transverse to the floor. P0. the middle part on the underside of the lower glass sheet in a pair had been coated with air lime and on the middle part on the underside of the lower glass sheet in another pair a coating of red iron oxide had been applied while no coating was used for the third pair. The glass sheets placed on this salt are inserted together in an oven and heated uniformly from above until the uncoated portion has sunk to 38 mm. After cooling and removal, the depression of the central portions of the glass sheets was measured. It was found that the immersion of the uncoated pair, the pair with the larna oxide coating and the pair with the lime coating proceeded from season 1 to 1.25 to 1.56.

Sasom ett ytterligare exempel pa utnyttjandet av foreliggande uppfinning anvandes tva stycken air 3 man tjockt glas, som sedan skulle lamineras till en vindruta med andpartierna bojda till en radie av ea 21,6 cm och mittpartiet MT till en radie air 355 em och som bojdes under likformig tillforsel ay stralningsvarme uppifran Over hela ytan, varvid ingen belaggning anbragts, pa glasskiverna. For att uppna tillfredsstallande bojda anddelar var det nodvandigt att tillata glaset att bliva sa hett, att krokning,sradien vid vindrutans mittparti I riktning vinkelratt mot dess angd var ay storleksordningen 150 cm viLket Or clampligt i optiskt avseende. Med ett liknande par glas, som upphettades under samma forhallanden men med en belaggning av kalk anbragt pa. undersidan av den un:dersta glasskivans andar och pa oversidan av den oversta glasskivans mittparti uppnaddes tillfredsstallande böjda andar med en krOkningsradie mid mittpartiet, tvars mot langdriktningen, om 48,3 cm. As a further example of the use of the present invention, two pieces of air 3 man thick glass were used, which would then be laminated to a windshield with the duct portions bent to a radius of ea 21.6 cm and the middle portion MT to a radius air 355 cm and bent below uniform supply of radiant heat from above Over the entire surface, with no coating applied, on the glass sheets. In order to obtain satisfactorily curved proportions, it was necessary to allow the glass to become so hot that the hook, the radius at the center of the windscreen in the direction perpendicular to its angle, was of the order of 150 cm, which is optically clumsy. With a similar pair of glasses, which were heated under the same conditions but with a coating of lime placed on. on the underside of the spirits of the lower glass plate and on the upper side of the middle portion of the uppermost glass plate, satisfactorily curved spirits were obtained with a radius of curvature in the middle portion, transverse to the longitudinal direction, of 48.3 cm.

Enligt foreliggande uppfinning kan den krakning, som bibringas glasskivan eller ett paket am tva. eller flera glasskivor, som skall bolas samtidigt, regleras genom utnyttjandet 3 av den tillfalligt anbragta la% borttagbara belaggningen av .enskilda partiklar av varmerefiekterande material, sh att den storsta var.- memangden kan absorb eras av glaset ddr en krakning av minsta radien erfordras och maximalvarmemangd reflekteras bort fran glaset dar man onskar den stOrsta krokningsradien upp till fullstdndig planliet. Genorm att gradera tatheten av belaggningen vid de belagda ytomradenas kantpartier kan vidare krokningsgraden varieras och genom, att gradera tatheten dar den ena belagda ytan aver-gar i den andra kan en krokt yta jamnt over- i en annan krokt yta, varvid optiska felaktigheter i glaset undvikas. According to the present invention, the cracking imparted to the glass sheet or a package can be two. or several glass sheets, which are to be bolted simultaneously, are regulated by the use of the randomly applied 1% removable coating of individual particles of heat-reflecting material, so that the largest amount of heat can be absorbed by the glass where cracking of the smallest radius is required and maximum heating amount is reflected away from the glass where you want the largest hooking radius up to the complete plane. Furthermore, to grade the density of the coating at the edge portions of the coated surface areas, the degree of curvature can be varied and by grading the density where one coated surface abuts in the other, one curved surface can evenly overlap into another curved surface, with optical defects in the glass avoided.

Claims

Patent claim:

1. Salt to bend a glass sheet by exposing the whole glass sheet to radiant heat directed towards one side while the glass sheet rests on a bending frame, which, Or sh designed to form the shape to which the glass is to be bent, may be selectively regulates the heat absorbed by the glass, by applying to one or more predetermined marades on the side of the glass which is water from the radiation head, a temporal coating of individual particles, which through the glass fully reflect back the heat radiated to the coating by the glass, with the predetermined radius, so that the amount of heat absorbed by the glass in each of these surface areas is tiked as a result of the prevention of heat loss by straining from the underside of the particles in the coating.

2. A set of simple palentaus.praket 1, characterized in that the coating of individual particles, such as the heat absorbed by the glass, Or placed within an area where the glass is to be bent and that a coating 5.also is applied to one or each side of the coated, area pa. opposite side of the glass to reduce the heat absorbed by the glass at the respective side or sides of the curved portion.

3. According to claim 2, it is characterized in that the coating of individual particles is applied to. the underside of a package of two. or Hera glass sheets, which are bent at the same time, and that the upper side of the package is coated on one or each side of the first-mentioned coating of single particles.

Salt according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the reflection effect near the edges of the coating is modified by giving the coating an uneven edge or by reducing the concentration of particles at the edge portions of the coating.

5. Glass plate, can be characterized by the fact that it is bent in the manner specified in any of the patent claims 1-4. Cited publications: Patents from Germany 1 028 75 3.