SE201989C1 - - Google Patents

Description

CLASS INTERNATIONAL SWEDISH B29 d39 a3: 7102 PATENT AND REGISTRATION AGENCY Ans. 4834/1959 was received on 21/5 1959 issued on 17/5 196 PLASTIC TEXTILE ACCESSORIES LTD, BLACKBURN, UNITED KINGDOM Device for all sprayed plastic foils with on-surface reinforcing lines and night nodes saint side produced plastic foil TJppfinnare: FB Mercer It is 7 by American patent 744 edge to produce smooth fists for sausages, starting from an animal fiber material. Column 1, second paragraph, does not explain that press or spray compositions, which are made from animal skins, even if thoroughly cleaned, contain contaminants of various kinds and above all it is pointed out that certain hardened parts of the epidermis are composed of microfibers, which due to their slippery nature and even such hardening in the form of a lens avoid being finely divided when grinding the mass. Such particles present in the spray mass can only cause cracks in the sprayed ridge, scratches and other irregularities, but can also cause tool breakage. The American patent aims to achieve an effective grinding of the spray mass before it leaves the spray nozzle, so that a flange is obtained which is smooth and has an even thickness without elevations or other defects. If one looks only at Figures 1 and 2 of the U.S. patent, it is perhaps conceivable that one may misunderstand how the device with which the above-mentioned objects of U.S. Patent 2,714,744 are achieved is to be understood. However, if one considers Figure 6 of the aforementioned patent, it is clear that the fixed (non-movable) nozzle part 12 itself encloses a movable part 13, which sits on a shaft pin or mandrel 14, which in its outermost spirit, when the rock is ejected, forms the other part of the spray nozzle. As the arrow shows in Fig. 6, the mass ground in advance is pressed and pressed under pressure into the grooves between "12" and "13", which e.g. in cross section can look like »4» and Dupl. at 39 a3: 31/00; 39 a4: 3/00 »3» according to e.g. Fig. 2. These grooves form a grinder or "cutting machine" for the spray nozzle, in which the mass is further finely ground to say slat and Aran which emerges orally through the nozzle opening 17, which on the other hand is cylindrical and slat and thus only maps out a tubular film. , which on both sides is beaten. It is unthinkable, according to U.S. Pat. No. 2,714,744, to even produce an article with longitudinal ribs of the same material on one or both sides of a plastic surface which is sprayed. However, this is possible according to US patent 2,489,951 according to which one works with relatively movable nozzle parts which have a gap between them for spraying out a film 5 and also recesses in the sides for spraying reinforcing edges 6 firmly joined to the film 5. is to note, however, that the relative motion is that shown in Fig. 2. However, no relative motion is present in the radii of the grooves or recesses in the tools which are to cause elevations 6 on either side of the sheet 5 (Fig. 9). This is shown in Figures 3 and 4 above by means of the accompanying explanations in the description of the American patent. Thus, according to this patent, a sheet with longitudinal elevations is obtained, which can of course have different shapes, as shown above by the patent. However, there is no such possibility with the device to provide a plastic sheet in accordance with the present invention, i.e. a plastic sheet with ribs or ridges, which cross each other.

The patent 173 664 relates to salt for producing a plastic seam by spraying as well as to a device having and thus produced seam. According to the above-mentioned patent, it is thus possible to produce a needle or a night-like product of plastic material with injection molding of plastic genorxi in two sets and injection openings each coated by two forming parts, which sets are formed against each other in the transverse direction of the injection direction in the law, in which the syringe openings in one set are joined together with the syringe openings in the other set to form a series of common individual openings, each composed of an opening frail each of the set portions, during which assembly spraying of the nodes of the night takes place by merging plastic in the said common openings, saint to the la.gen of separate syringe openings, from which each other overlap.the sprays dga room for Astadkommande of the worm-forming tea-damn, which utga frail the nodes through those in the two. the molding parts of the existing molding movement of the molds then the molds from the common opening layers to the different opening layers.

According to patent 173 664, a device for carrying out the above-mentioned set edge, which can be characterized in that it consists of devices for discharging the plastic under pressure into a pair of mold-forming parts (6, 12) lying in sliding contact with each other, the molds (10 , 14) stretch through the delarn.a. (6, 12) with drain openings for the plastic lying in the slide surfaces (9, 13) and defining the transverse section of the nodes resp. the wires forming the streams, as well as of devices for manufacturing the molding parts (6, 12) in the transverse direction of the spray stream to bring the openings of the two parts (6, 12) to the cohesive opening layers and to the different opening layers.

According to patent 173 664, the edge is also a natural or a night-smelling product, which can be characterized in that it is sprayed according to the method stated in patent claim 1 or 2.

The present invention relates to a device for producing in one piece a plastic foil or a plastic sheet with consequently sprayed nat Imut points and worm-forming trades, which during the spraying will form parts of a foil or sheet of the plastic material formed between them.

For this purpose, in the device according to the invention, the coaxially opposite surfaces of the mold parts will be arranged instead of being in sliding contact with each other at such intervals or gaps between them that during the plastic injection through this annular gap a foil or sheet formation is formed in a piece with the threads protruding through the nozzle openings of the mold parts on opposite sides of the sheet. The invention can be mainly characterized in that the apparatus consists of an ejection chamber for forcible ejection of plastic, a pair of coaxially arranged and relatively rotatable tensioning and nozzle-forming mold parts with opposite coaxial surfaces located in such proximity or at such a space or gap opposite each other, plastic sheets are sprayable between them, and each of said mold parts is provided with a set of wire spray nozzles, the drainage of which drains are open in the coaxial surfaces towards the folio-forming gap, and by means for continuous rotation of either or said mold parts during the spraying process, wherein the device is such that the ejection openings repeatedly pass each other, wherein ejected threads are formed in one piece with the sheet but on opposite sides ddrom during the ejection of the sheet between the coaxial surfaces.

The term sets of nozzle orifices is used hereinafter usually each of the mold parts will have a substantial number of nozzle orifices, but the word "batch" is also intended to include the minimum number of a single nozzle orifice on one of the mold parts with this orifice relatively conformable and cooperative. riled a number of nozzle openings on the second mold part according to the number of threads that Kr provided for the sheet.

By the term "plastic" (as used in the description and patent claims) is meant: a synthetic thermoplastic possible to spray in a narrow skiek or under pressure in a narrow condition through molded parts and hardenable or solidifying by means of cooling medium at the outflow from the molds. Suitable thermoplastic materials include polyamides or superpolyamides such as nylon, polyesters, polyvinyl chlorides and copolymers thereof with vinyl acetate or vinylidine chloride, polythenes and the like and cellulose acetate; or natural or synthetic rubber, such as vulcanised or containing vulcanizing agents; or such thermosetting plastic materials or mixtures thereof with thermoplastic materials which can be sprayed; or water-spinnable materials such as viscose, copper-ammonium-protein materials (for example from soybeans), which are capable of spraying and solidifying by immersion in or spraying with a coagulating agent in which the plastic emits from the mold; Additional features of the invention will become apparent in the following.

In the accompanying drawings, an apparatus in a similar embodiment to that shown in the appended claims is incorporated herein.

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of an ejection apparatus in an embodiment according to the invention ash-forming coaxially arranged annular mold-forming parts, between which the sheet is intended to be ejected. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the apparatus seen from below and Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a part thereof as seen in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a cut-away portion on a larger scale showing the coaxial form-bearing parts in jamside stroke. Fig. 5 is an assembly view of an ejection machine, used in the apparatus according to Figs. 1-3, shown partly in cut and placed over a cooling tank and in cooperation with a pull-out mechanism for the ejected sheet provided with a sample of threads or ribs schematically shown in said sheet. Fig. 6 is a sectional view showing a part of the mold-bearing parts ash-adjoining a modified embodiment or arrangement of the wire-forming molds instead of that shown in Fig. 3. Figs. 7-10 show in perspective diagrams the principles of the spraying according to the invention in successive step of this for a threaded or ribbed sheet. Figs. 11-13 are diagrammatic diagrams of a number of different patterns which can be made by threads on opposite sides of the sheet, which is not shown later in these figures.

In carrying out the invention according to an injection molding set with narrow material described as an example (see Figs. 1-5), in which annular coaxial batches of injection molds are used and for which continuous rotational representations take place in the Lvar direction opposite to the ejection direction, the thermoplastic intended for injection is in a main tank, pressure tank, reservoir or shaft funnel a, which is provided with a heating mantle or heated on which lamp edge sat as a lift. From the tank there is a suitably supported line 1, in which a pressure switch 2 is mounted for continuous rotation on the edge set for maintaining forced feed from the tank. The spirit of the conduit is carried by and dispenses the contents of a feed chamber 3 through a wick screen and refractive plate indicated at 3a. The chamber 3 has an electrically heated jacket 3b or other heating devices in order to maintain a suitable ejection temperature for the plastic conveyed through the snack 2. The upper end of the chamber has a gland and bearing 3c for a rotatable vertical shaft 4 and the other end is connected to an ejection chamber 5 fixed by a screw threaded neck or on another salt, with the device such that the two chambers 3 and 5 are stationary supported together with the line 1 by a frame or base on each suitable salt or by one. ejection machine b of the same type as shown to the left in Fig. 5.

The chamber 5 has internally a truncated conical cradle surface 5a and is attached to a wide one below. annular forming part 6 in such a way that it is able (in the present case) to rotate about the axis line of the shaft 4. The lower end of the chamber 5 may, for example, be recessed to receive an upwardly directed annular flange. the part 6, the outer circumferential cradle of the vane dr formed with a pair of tracks 6a. A split cylinder or sleeve 7 removably attaches the retaining member around the chamber 5 and encloses the part 6, thereby allowing its exchange to another formable part provided with a different set of molds or syringe openings.

The cylinder 7 is heated on an electric or other path through a jacket 8 and has an annular shaft or roller 7a engaging in the groove 6a. The shaft and the spare serve to guide and support the web of the rotating mold part 6.

The lower linden. of the inner circumferential cradle 6b terminates in an annular inclined or conical slide 9, in which a set of pairs of shapes in a suitable cross-sectional shape are arranged at intervals opposite each other. The mold part 6 can be rotated by any suitable means, for example a sprocket 11 may be fixed at its underside with a chain connected to another sprocket 11b driven by a gear of an electric motor 11c for variable speed, or from another suitable power shaft. received a replaceable inner or core-like mold part 12, which cooperates adjacent or parallel to the outer mold part 6, whereby a gap or a slot is provided for extruding the material into sheet form. The inner mold part is frustoconical, advantageously at a slightly steeper angle than the conical cradle 5a, in such a way that the two conical cradles enclose an annular conical current cradle or cavity 12a - for the plastic. The lower end of the conical part 12 ends in a circular surface 13, which has exactly the same conical shape as the cone at the coaxial surface 9 at the mold part 6 lying at intervals relative to the last-mentioned surface.

The surface 13 has a set of spaced-apart grooves or slits 14 opposite the set grooves 10 of the opposite surface 9. The forming pairs 10 and 14 in the present example have the shape of grooves or slits which are open towards the surfaces 9 and 9, respectively. 10 and pass the opposite layers relative to each other during relative rotational movement of the forming parts 6 and 12, so that ejection of the threads takes place in common flow with the ejection of the sheet through the gap A.

AxIn 4 is suspended on one. ball or roller track 15 over the gland 3c at the feed chamber 3 and the upper part of the shaft is braced in a bearing 16 and a second pressure bearing is arranged at 17. Between the two bearings a sprocket 18 is fixed to the shaft. 4 as a suitable means for the axis rotation. The associated chain 18a can be driven from the same drive source as the chain 11a or from another drive source, for example in the form of an electric motor with a variable speed device. On either side of this sprocket, the shaft is threaded for pairs of molding and locking nuts 19 and 20. In the relative installation of these nuts, the suitable spacing between the edges or surfaces 9 and 13 is maintained.

In carrying out the invention and assuming that the forming parts 6 and 12 had to rotate continuously by means of their sprockets in opposite directions (as shown by arrows) and at the same speed, a tubular plastic sheet will be ejected through the gap A between the parts. 6 and 12 while simultaneously spreading threads through the molds 10 and 14, villa threads are laid in intersecting spirals on opposite sides of the sheet.

The wires ejected through the molds 10 and 14 will be seen through the sheet to lie as a night or night work with diamond-shaped meshes, and their size will depend on the division intervals between the shapes of the batches, the spiral angle or inclination angle of the wires depending on the rotational speed. the velocity is the smaller the angle between the intersecting spirals of the traders while the correspondingly steeply ascending spirals are emitted at the reduction of the rotational speed.

The final shape of the ejected tract coated sheet becomes tubular, but can be cut in the longitudinal direction to form a flat textile as an edge in tubular sheet production. The sprayed sheet is subjected to curing or solidification treatment by spraying with or immersion in a coolant in a tank immediately below the spray molds.

The above-described spraying apparatus is mounted above or has its lower surface immersed in a bath of cooling liquid, which can be dispensed from water or other suitable liquid which hardens or solidifies the plastic under treatment as soon as the sheet is ejected from the molds. Alternatively, the cooling or solidification of the effluent sheet may be effected by its spraying with cooling water ka or its exposure to cooled tuft or gas drums. In the cooling bath or in connection therewith or near the spraying or cooling zone, peeling rollers or thus equivalent means are arranged for receiving and carrying the sheet in a manner similar to that used in sheet making of edge type.

Lamping solidifying or curing agents as well as drawing apparatus are exemplified in Fig. 5 with respect to the annular spraying method. The outgoing tubular sheet is drawn at the exit of the molds. Over a vertical cylindrical stand 21 it was calculated to maintain the diana ether of the tabular sheet during solidification and to ensure a smooth abrasion. The support 21 may be surrounded by a stretching ring 21a supported on lamp salt, between which and the cylinder the sheet passes and on which the stretch ring rests during lamp friction.

When a flat sheet is desired in the final state, it is convenient to place a cutting or splitting wheel 22 under the cylinder 21. The slotted sheet is pulled downwards by a pair of rollers 23, which are driven by means of variable speed devices from a suitable drive source (not shown). From the rollers 23, the sheet is passed over a roller 24 to a suitable collecting or folding steel.

In case the hardening or solidification takes place by immersion in a liquid, the stripping mechanism described above can be arranged in a cooling tank 25 with the level of the liquid indicated at 25a.

If the sheet is not to be torn but delivered in tubular form, then the kensole mounted on the side of the tank 25 (see Fig. 5) for the cylinder 21 becomes apparently unsightly, and the cylinder 21, if used, hangs from the inner mold part 12 or on the shaft 4, and if the lure shape is intended to rotate and not Or stations said the hanging device should comprise an anti-friction bearing.

It should be noted that given the given ejection speed and relative forming speed of the molds, the cross-sectional area of the mesh threads can be reduced and the mesh size formed on the ejected sheet generally by slightly increasing the peeling speed with the rollers 23.

The relative rotational movement can take place in different ways as exemplified below; Ask the forming parts to be able to rotate continuously in opposite directions at the same speed (as described above with reference to Figs. 1-4).

The parts can rotate continuously in opposite directions at different speeds.

The parts can rotate continuously in the same direction but at different speeds, so that one mold set successively catches up and past the other set occupying the coincident and non-coincident layers of the ejection openings.

Of the two mold-bearing parts, one can be stationary and the other can rotate continuously, the stationary mold part will provide longitudinally lying wires and the movable mold part spiral wires or inclined ones.

If the molds do not move at the same speed resp. if the form set is stations, then the one who moves at a greater speed resp. the one who moves to spray longer treads on the molds which have lower speed or are stationary, and consequently a larger amount of plastic will be required and this is achieved by making these molds with a larger cross-sectional area than the area of the stationary or lower speed molds. . It will be appreciated that due to the large number of modalities mentioned above sh above, the sample produced by the sprayed threads can be substantially varied.

As already patalled, the molds do not have to consist of open slits, but they can be closed longitudinally or of tubular type, provided that they are suitably oriented and have the drain openings open in the surfaces 9 and 13.

Fig. 6 exemplifies a type of converging mold channels 10 and 14 in the parts 6 and 12, where the lower ends of these channels are obliquely cut off and form ejection openings opening into the surfaces 9 and 13.

The shape state and the number of shapes in one set may be different in relation to the other set, including the previously indicated case where one set consists only of a single shape, and under certain conditions certain shapes in either set may have different design or a different cross-sectional area relative to other molds in the same batch. The diameter of the annular mold sets does not appear to be a determining factor in the corresponding dimensions in the outgoing sheet as this can be substantially extended, for example by using low relative forming speeds in connection with closely spaced molds.

When water-spinning plastic materials are used, the same kind of apparatus as the one described above can be used, with the exception that the feed screw 2 of the plastic is replaced by a feed pump of the type known in cotton-spinning apparatus for single radar, in order to force the plastic through the mold openings. , which are immersed in coagulation baths.

The basic principle and implementation of the spraying process according to the invention are exemplified in Figs. 7-10, where the different stages are shown for the plastic spraying of the molds 10 and 14 and between the mold-bearing parts 6 and 12 as described with reference to Figs. 1-5, but are for the sake of clarity, the mold-bearing parts are shown straight, the mold part 6 rotating and the mold part 12 being stations.

In Fig. 7, the trades b, hi ejected through the molds 14, 10 have just crossed each other at a on opposite sides of the sheet A1. The wires b, hi continue to be ejected through the stationary molds 14 and 14, respectively. the molds 10 which aro showed Dara p0. remove the Iran molds 14 in Fig. 8. In Fig. 9 the molds have come back into opposing layers, the threads cross at a2 and as the movement of the part 6 continues (see Fig. 10) the threads b, hi are placed in a mesh pattern on the sheet. intersecting on opposite sides thereof at points a.

The cross-sectional area of the mold members used in the present invention can have very varying mats from extremely small shapes corresponding to the order of magnitude of the finer type of hypodermic needles for making corresponding fine threads, up to coarse or large cross-sectional areas for making strong or heavy intersecting threads. . It is easy to understand that the mesh size will increase. the distance of the batches forms relative to each other in the usual batch and the degree of pre-formation in relation to the press pressure for the spraying and the stripping speed.

It is clear that in the production of fine-grained types the distance between the molds should be reduced to a corresponding degree and in any case the mesh size should be reduced by reducing the said gaps.

The sheet produced according to the invention may be so strong that it may form a but or less self-supporting worm sheet, or may have different degrees of flexibility, and sheets in finer form may be so. flexible so that they can fold or become suitable for draping.

High production speeds for the sheet to be sprayed can be utilized, as such are limited only by the possible speeds for the spraying processes and the hardening, and the manufacturing cost becomes low when the sheet is finished in a single continuous process.

Representative patterns formed by threads on an extruded sheet are shown in Fig. 1113 as examples of some of the various shape representations. The sheet itself is not shown in these figures. Fig. 11 shows an arrangement of ladies 6 longitudinal threads starting from stationary shapes and steep spiral-lying threads starting from movable shapes. In Fig. 12, the device is such that the production is accomplished by rotating both the mold sets in opposite directions, while the sample inoculated in Fig. 13 is provided by molds which move in the same direction but at different speeds.

After spraying and hard-fling, the sheets can form finished articles or can be subjected to further treatment or treatments as desired for the market. The term "sheet" has a broad meaning, regardless of whether it was used as a textile or for other purposes.

Claims (8)

Patent claim: Device for producing in one piece a plastic foil or a sheet of plastic with subsequently sprayed night nodes and worm-forming threads, which during the spraying will form parts of a foil or sheet of the plastic material formed between them, characterized in that the sheet comprises a spray chamber for forcible injection molding of plastic, a pair of coaxially located and relatively rotatable, current-feeding and nozzle-forming mold parts (6, 12) with opposite coaxial surfaces located in such proximity or at such a gap or gap (A) opposite each other that a plastic sheet is sprayable between them , and each of said mold parts provided with a set of wire spray nozzles (10, 14), the drain openings of which are open in the coaxial surfaces towards the foil-forming gap, and devices for continuous rotation of either or both of said mold parts during the spraying process, the device is such that the syringe openings repeatedly pass each other, with the syringes spraying r is formed in one piece with the sheet but on opposite sides thereof during spraying of the sheet between the coaxial surfaces (9, 13). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the spray nozzles (10, 14) have the shape of grooves or openings in the coaxial surfaces (9, 13) of the mold parts. Device according to patent claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the gutters are replaced by boreholes or tubes. Device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the mold parts (6, 12) are continuously rotatable in opposite directions relative to each other. Device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the mold parts (6, 12) are rotatable continuously in the same direction but at different speeds. Device according to patent claims 1-5, characterized in that devices (25) are coordinated therewith for hardening the sprayed, wire-coated plastic sheet per se. 7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that with it are arranged devices for the reduction of the sprayed, wire-coated plastic sheet by means of rollers (23) after having been treated in the devices for curing the plastic sheet. Device according to claims 1-7, characterized in that a slitting disc (22) is arranged for cutting the tubular plastic sheet after it has been treated in the devices for curing the plastic sheet. 9. Plastic foil, provided with reinforcing coating of threads intersecting the layers but on opposite sides of the foil sheet produced by means of a device according to patent claim 1- 8. Request publications: Patentskrifter frein Sverige 173 664; USA 2,714,744, 2,489,951.