SE201227C1

SE201227C1 -

Info

Publication number: SE201227C1
Authority: SE
Publication date: 1965-01-01

Description

Uppfinnare: M Allard Prioritet begard friin den 4 september 1962 (Frankrike) Man har under Arens lopp foreslagit mAnga forbattringar vid kontinuerlig gjutning av me-tall, vilka genom principen for sitt verkningssalt forete manga fordelar framfor den traditionella tackgjutningen, och i an hOgre grad framedr gjutning i vertikallage. Inventor: M Allard Priority requested on 4 September 1962 (France) Over the course of the year, many improvements have been proposed in the continuous casting of metals, which, through the principle of their salt of action, have many advantages over traditional casting, and to a greater extent in the future. casting in vertical layer.

A.ven om vertikalgjutning varit foremal for atskilliga olika forbattringsforslag, kan det icke undvikas, att aven den fOreter vissa oldgenheter, av vilka den allvarsammaste mahanda just är gjutningsproduktens vertikala lage, oeta med avsevard Den kontinuerligt verkande horisontalgjutningen, vilken icke har dessa nackdelar, har likval Oven den varit foremal for vissa nackdelar, som gjort sig gallande anda till narvarande tid. De viktigaste av dessa harledas just Iran det horisontala ldget av metallsmaltan under tiden for dess stelnande. I forsta hand blir det wart att medan metallsmaltan ror sig i horisontalriktningen sakerstalla frammatningen av flytande metall mot bildande av kaviteter, s. k. pipes, som uppkommit genom sammandragningen av metallen under dess stelnande. Hartill kommer, att sadana pipes i regel icke bildas longs axeln p0 den framstallda stangen utan vid sidan av axiallinjen, vanligen vid yttersidan av stangen. Dessutom uppkommer i regel en viss osymmetri i fraga om utskiljningen av fororeningama. Although vertical casting has been the subject of several different suggestions for improvement, it can not be avoided that it also has certain antiquities, of which the most serious mahanda is precisely the vertical layer of the casting product, oeta with considerable The continuously acting horizontal casting, which does not have these disadvantages, has likval Oven it has been the subject of certain disadvantages, which have made themselves a gallant spirit at the present time. The most important of these are Iran, the horizontal layer of the metal malt during the time of its solidification. In the first place, it becomes wart that while the metal malt moves in the horizontal direction, the advancement of liquid metal slows down against the formation of cavities, so-called pipes, which have arisen through the contraction of the metal during its solidification. In addition, such pipes are generally not formed along the axis of the rod produced but at the side of the axial line, usually at the outside of the rod. In addition, a certain asymmetry usually arises with regard to the separation of the pollutants.

Foreliggande uppeinning avser att undanroja dessa olagenheter. The present invention is intended to eliminate these illegalities.

Uppeinningen avser shlunda ett forearingssalt for kontinuerlig horisontalgjutning av metal!, vid vilket metallsmaltan framfores fritt genom ett utlopp, anordnat vid den nedre delen av en behallare, som innehAller me tallsmalta, och denna tillfores darefter en formningskanal, i vilken den skall stelna, i huvudsakligen horisontell rorelse Enligt uppfinningen forhojer man trycket p0 den flytande metallen i en ledning mellan behallaren och formningskanalen genom magnetisk pumpning med hjalp av Atminstone ett magnetiskt fOlt, vilket patrycker metallsmaltan en kraft, av vilken atminstone en komposant Or riktad i rorelseriktningen fiir metallsmaltan. The recess thus relates to a foraging salt for continuous horizontal casting of metal, in which the metal malt is advanced freely through an outlet, arranged at the lower part of a container containing metal malt, and this is then fed to a forming channel, in which it is to solidify, substantially Horizontal movement According to the invention, the pressure of the liquid metal in a line between the container and the forming channel is increased by magnetic pumping by means of at least one magnetic field, which pushes the metal malt a force of which at least one component Or is directed in the direction of movement of the metal malt.

Med en atgard av detta slag kan man forena ett eller flera av foljande sardrag, vart for sig eller i kombination: Denna magnetiska pumpverkan Astadkommes genom att man bringar en elektrisk strom att cirkulera i ett plan vinkelratt mot strOmmen av metallsmaltan under dennas horisontalrorelse, varvid man anordnar ett ningnetiskt falt i huvudsak vinkelratt mot riktningen av denna strom och parallellt med ridrelseriktningen for metallen. An actuator of this kind can be combined with one or more of the following features, individually or in combination: This magnetic pumping action is achieved by causing an electric current to circulate in a plane perpendicular to the current of the metal malt during its horizontal movement, arranges a non-magnetic field substantially perpendicular to the direction of this current and parallel to the direction of travel of the metal.

Den magnetiska pumpverkan astadkommes medelst Atminstone ett metallmassan skarande magnetiskt falt, vilket forskjutes i metallens rOrelseriktning. The magnetic pumping action is achieved by means of at least one metal mass intersecting magnetic field, which is displaced in the direction of movement of the metal.

Man staller in kraften frail det magnetiska faltet ph metallsmaltan sO, att den kompenserar nivaskillnader Mom behallaren. You set the force frail the magnetic field ph metal malt so that it compensates for level differences Mom container.

Man utovar en bromsande kraft p0 den stelnande metallstrangen vid dennas utloppssida frau formningskanalen. A braking force is exerted on the solidifying metal strand at its outlet side from the forming channel.

F8religgande uppfinning avser emellertid Oven en anordning for utovande av det ovan angivna forfaringssattet. Enligt uppfinningen forefinnes i denna anordning foljande element 1 kombination med varandra, namligen 2 en behallare for metall, i vilken den flytande metallen är uppsamlad, vilken i sin undre an-de är forbunden genom en oppning rued en langre ledning av eldfast material, en magnetisk pump vid inloppsanden till denna ledning, en formningskanal for upptagande av den stelnande metallen, samt anordningar for uttagande av den stelnade strangen vid utloppsanden pa formningskanalen. The present invention, however, also relates to a device for practicing the above-mentioned procedure. According to the invention, in this device the following elements 1 are present in combination with each other, namely 2 a container for metal, in which the liquid metal is collected, which in its lower part is connected by an opening rued a longer conduit of refractory material, a magnetic pump at the inlet sand to this conduit, a forming channel for receiving the solidifying metal, and devices for removing the solidified strand at the outlet sand of the forming channel.

Som torde framga av det ovan anforda, be-star uppfinningen i huvudsak i att man Astadkommer den kontinuerliga frammatningen i horisontalriktningen under tryck. Man torde da aven inse, att man med detta forfaringssalt rader hot for de kanda olagenheterna vid de forfaranden, och anordningar for horisontalutmatning av metallsmaltan som hittills foreslagits. Metallsmaltan hAlles konstant under tryck thorn formningskanalen, och detta mojliggor, att man standigt halter densamma val fylld. Harigenom forhindrar man, eller atminstone minskar man i avsevard grad risken for att haligheter och ojamnheter skola uppkomma i den Ovre delen av den dragna produkten under dess stelnande. As will be apparent from the foregoing, the invention essentially consists in effecting the continuous feed in the horizontal direction under pressure. It will then also be appreciated that this process salt poses a threat to the known disadvantages of the processes and devices for horizontal discharge of the metal malt which have hitherto been proposed. The metal malt is kept constantly under pressure through the forming channel, and this makes it possible to constantly keep the same choice filled. This prevents, or at least significantly reduces, the risk of bumps and irregularities occurring in the upper part of the drawn product during its solidification.

Applicerandet av tryck i formningskanalen har dessutom den fordelen, att det termiska utbytet underlattas mellan metallen och vaggarna i kanalen, si att harigenom stelnande jamval underlattas. The application of pressure in the forming channel also has the advantage that the thermal exchange is facilitated between the metal and the cradles in the channel, so that thereby solidifying jaws are omitted.

Haiti11 kommer, att en tillrackligt stark kraft aven kan utovas pa den i stelnat till-stand befintliga strangen, corn lamnar kanalen, for att man icke skall behova utova nagon dragningskraft pa densamma, nagot vartill man daremot hittills vanligen varit nOdsakad vid de kanda forfaringssatten. I sjalva verket hander det ofta, att den alstrade produkten, vilken alltjamt kan vara flytande eller plastisk i den inre karndelen, joke formar motsta den genom dragningen astadkomna pakanningen. Vid forfaringssattet enligt foreliggande uppfinning maste man snarare halla tillbaka den alstrade produktens utmatningsrorelse frau formningskanalen, och det Or da uppenbart, att i den man detta ledar till en forandring i produktens konsistens, sa maste forandringen yttra sig i battre homogenitet. I det foreliggande fallet astadkommes den aterhallande kraften enklast under nyttjande av bromsrullar eller -valsar, mellan vilka den alstrade produkten far passera. Haiti11 comes that a sufficiently strong force can also be exerted on the strand existing in the solid state, corn leaves the canal, so that one does not have to exert any traction on it, something to which, on the other hand, has hitherto been usually required in the known procedures. In fact, it often happens that the product produced, which can still be liquid or plastic in the inner vessel part, jokes forms to resist the packaging produced by the drawing. In the process of the present invention, rather, the discharge movement of the product produced from the forming channel must be restrained, and it is obvious that in so doing this leads to a change in the consistency of the product, the change must manifest itself in better homogeneity. In the present case, the restraining force is most easily achieved using brake rollers or rollers, between which the generated product is allowed to pass.

Det kan vara lampligt att har papeka, att en metallsmalta under tryck, teoretiskt sett med enahanda fordelar, skulle kunna astadkommas genom att man pa en avsevart hogre niva On formningskanalen anordnat en pelare av flytande metall av hog hojd. Det Or emellertid uppenbart, att en sadan anordning av fIera olika skal joke kan utforas i prakti ken. For att erhalla ett tryck av t. ex. 10 kg/ cm2, dvs. ett tryck, som man utan svarighet kan astadkomma medelst magnetiska pumpar, skulle man vara nodsakad att anvanda en anlaggning av hogst avsevard h6jd, narmare bestamt femton meter Over ytan pa metallsmaltan, sarskilt om man for tillfallet bearbetar mycket latta metaller. Man skulle jamval forlora den viktiga fordelen, att metallsmaltan ror sig i horisontalriktningen, i stallet for vertikalt, sasom Or traditionellt. Dessutom skulle svarigheter uppkomma, vilka tills vidare te sig som olosliga, da det galler att halla metallen i metallpelaren i flytande tillstand, sarskilt om denna metall utgores av jarn eller stal. Det är da Oven uppenhart, att det, om den namnda anordningen yore den enda som stode till buds, skulle vara fordelaktigare att atervanda till den klassiska anordningen med vertikal r8relse pa metallsmaltan, vid vilken stone delen av anlaggningens hojd är betingad av metall, som befinner sig i fast eller stelnande tillstand. It may be appropriate to have pointed out that a metal malt under pressure, theoretically with various advantages, could be achieved by arranging a column of liquid metal of high height on a considerably higher level of the forming channel. However, it is obvious that such an arrangement of several different shell jokes can be carried out in practice. To obtain a pressure of e.g. 10 kg / cm2, i.e. a pressure which can be achieved without liability by means of magnetic pumps, it would be necessary to use an installation of a very considerable height, more precisely fifteen meters above the surface of the metal malt, especially if one happens to process very light metals. One would also lose the important advantage that the metal malt moves in the horizontal direction, instead of vertically, as Or traditionally. In addition, similarities would arise, which for the time being appear to be insoluble, as it is necessary to keep the metal in the metal column in a liquid state, especially if this metal consists of iron or steel. It is then clear that, if the said device were the only one available, it would be more advantageous to return to the classical device with vertical movement on the metal malt, in which the stone part of the height of the plant is conditioned by metal, which is located in a solid or solidifying state.

Anordningar fOr astadkommande av magnetisk pumpning Oro i och for sig viii kanda. Man har salunda redan anvant sadana anordningar mom flera olika omraden av tekniken, men de ha joke haft nagot sammanhang med sa.dana anordningar, vilka utgora foremal for foreliggande uppfinning. Exempelvis har man anvant magnetisk pumpning for att forsatta metall i flytande form i rotation eller cirkulation, sarskilt om det varit fraga om metall med lag smaltpunkt sasom natrium, och man har likaledes nyttj at den for kylning i vissa slag av karnreaktorer. Det finnes i sjalva verket tva olika slag av magnetiska pumper, och det är for uppfinningen likgiltigt, vilkendera, som kommer till anvandning Vid magnetpumparna av det ena slaget bringar man en strom av hog stromstyrka att cirkulera i ett plan, vinkelratt mot strommens av smalt metall rorelseriktning, och en del av denna strom bringas att forlopa mom ett magnetiskt falt, vars kraftlinjer Oro vinkelrata mot stromningsaxeln for metallsmaltan. En kraft utvecklas da pa metallsmaltan, parallellt med dess stromningsaxel. Om magnetfaltet Or likriktat, vilket latt kan astadkommas med hjalp av en permanent magnet eller med en lindning, som genomlopes av likstrom, skall Oven den vinkelratt mot metallsmaltans rorelseriktning forlopande str8mmen vara likriktad. Men strommen och faltet kunna likaval vara vaxelriktade, men de maste da hava samma frekvens. Det är Oven tydligt, att i det sistnamnda fallet faslaget mellan dem bor stallas in sa, att den uppkommande kraften erhaller silt maximum. Denna an- 3 ordning är utomordentligt god i anslutning till metaller med lag smaltpunkt, fOrutsatt att de aven utgora goda ledare for elektricitet, och att ledningen genom vilken metallsmaltan strommar, jamval är god ledare, vat varmebestandig och icke angripbar av den flytande metallen, sa att man kan astadkomma erforderlig metallisk kontakt med metallsmaltan for inledande av strommen. Det kan emellertid ofta vara svart att losa problemet att tillfredsstalla samtliga dessa krav. Devices for producing magnetic pumping Concerns per se viii kanda. Such devices have thus already been used in several different fields of technology, but they have jokingly had some connection with such devices, which constitute objects of the present invention. For example, magnetic pumping has been used to continue metal in liquid form in rotation or circulation, especially if it has been a metal with a low melting point such as sodium, and it has also been used for cooling in certain types of nuclear reactors. There are, in fact, two different types of magnetic pumps, and it is irrelevant to the invention which ones come into use. In the case of magnetic pumps of one type, a current of high current is circulated in a plane, perpendicular to the current of narrow metal. direction of motion, and a portion of this current is caused to travel along a magnetic field, the lines of force of which are perpendicular to the flow axis of the metal malt. A force then develops on the metal malt, parallel to its flow axis. If the magnetic field Or is rectified, which can easily be achieved with the aid of a permanent magnet or with a winding which is traversed by direct current, the current extending perpendicular to the direction of movement of the metal malt must be rectified. But the current and the field can equally be gear-oriented, but they must then have the same frequency. It is also clear that in the latter case the phase layer between them should be set so that the emerging force receives a silt maximum. This device is extremely good in connection with metals with a low melting point, provided that they also constitute good conductors for electricity, and that the conduit through which the metal malt flows, is also a good conductor, is heat-resistant and not attackable by the liquid metal, so that one can make the necessary metallic contact with the metal malt to initiate the current. However, it can often be black to solve the problem of satisfying all these requirements.

Vid magnetpumparna av det andra slaget alstrar man magnetiska falt medelst lindningar, som genomlopas av vaxelstrom, och dessa lindningar a'stadkomma i sin tur genom induktion strOmmar i metallsmaltan. Reaktionen fran dessa strOmmar i forhallande till induktionsstrommarna astadkommer en pumpverkan, forutsatt att de alstrade induktionsstrommarna hava ratt riktning. In the case of the magnetic pumps of the second kind, magnetic fields are generated by means of windings which are traversed by alternating current, and these windings in turn produce by induction currents in the metal malt. The reaction of these currents in relation to the induction currents produces a pumping action, provided that the generated induction currents have the right direction.

Uppfinningen kommer nedan att narmare beskrivas i anslutning till bifogade ritningar, vilka visa ett utfOringsexempel pa uppfinningen, men det bar bemarkas, att uppfinningen icke for den skull är begransad till det namnda utforingsexemplet, utan att allehanda olika modifikationer kunna forekomma inom uppfinningens ram. The invention will be described in more detail below in connection with the accompanying drawings, which show an embodiment of the invention, but it should be noted that the invention is not therefore limited to the said embodiment, without all sorts of different modifications being possible within the scope of the invention.

Pa ritningarna visar salunda fig. 1 en langdsektion i schematiserad form av en anlaggning for bibringande av en metallsmaltas horisontalstromning enligt uppfinningen, medan fig. 2 visar ett kopplingsschema over sjalva den magnetiska pumpningsanordningen, och fig. 3 visar en schematisk bild fran anden av utstroniningssidan i anlaggningen. Thus, in the drawings, Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section in schematic form of a plant for imparting a horizontal flow of a metal malt according to the invention, while Fig. 2 shows a wiring diagram of the magnetic pumping device itself, and Fig. 3 shows a schematic view of the extrusion side in the facility.

I fig. 1 innehaller salunda karlet 1 smalt metall 2 pa traditionellt satt. Detta karl är 'Wort i form av ett yttre karl 3 av stal med en infodring 4 av eldfast material. Karlet farses med smalt metall genom tippning fran en ugn eller liknancle pa i och for sig kant salt, vilket icke utgor flagon del av foreliggande uppfinning, och for den skull icke hailer visas pa ritningen. For Winning av till aventyrs kvarvarande small metall forefinnes en I app 5. Vid nedre delen av en vertikal vagg 6 pit karlet 1 dr en bussning 7 inskjuten fran det inre av karlet, sit att den passar in i en koniskt vidgad oppning. Denna anordning ar for andra andamal jamval i och for sig kand Da den smalta metallen pa detta salt lamnar karlet 1 genom bussningen 7, kommer den under inflytande av en anordning 8 for astadkommande av magnetisk pumpverkan. Denna anordning kommer att till sin beskaffenhet narmare beskrivas nedan. Metallsmaltan passerar pumpen 8 genom en kanal 9 av eldfast gods, vilken kanal foretradesvis har en starkt tillplattad tvarsektion. Den kan vara utford av sintrad aluminium eller chamott eller av zirkonium eller av nagon blandning av tvit eller flera av dessa amnen. Karlet 1 och pumpen 8 aro inbordes forenade med hjalp av en ledning av eldfast gods 10, foretradesvis med cirkular sektionsarea, vilken sjalv fir anordnad Mom ett skal av sta.]. 11 och hopfast medelst flansar 12 samt bultar, som dock icke visas pa ritningen. In Fig. 1, the vessel 1 thus contains narrow metal 2 in the traditional manner. This man is' Wort in the form of an outer man 3 of steel with a lining 4 of refractory material. The vessel is minced with narrow metal by tipping from an oven or the like onto a per se edge of salt, which does not form a flake part of the present invention, and for that reason does not appear in the drawing. For Winning of the remaining small metal for adventure, there is an In app 5. At the lower part of a vertical cradle 6 pit the barrel 1 dr a bushing 7 inserted from the inside of the barrel, sit that it fits into a conically widened opening. This device is known for other purposes as the molten metal on this salt leaves the vessel 1 through the bushing 7, it comes under the influence of a device 8 for producing magnetic pumping action. This device will be described in more detail below. The metal malt passes the pump 8 through a channel 9 of refractory goods, which channel preferably has a strongly flattened cross section. It may be challenged by sintered aluminum or chamotte or by zirconium or by any mixture of white or several of these substances. The vessel 1 and the pump 8 are boarded together by means of a conduit of refractory goods 10, preferably with circular sectional area, which itself is provided with a shell of steel.]. 11 and fastened by means of flanges 12 and bolts, which, however, are not shown in the drawing.

Den magnetiska pumpen är sit. beraknad, att den skall kunna frammata en kvantitet small jam av 50 ton/timme under ett tryck av maximalt 10 atmosfarer. Den under detta tryck staende metallsmaltan bringas darefter att passera genom en formningskanal 13, vilken ar kyld medelst vattencirkulation. Denna formningskanal 13 dr ansluten till de foregaende delarna medelst ett kopplingsstycke 14 med cylindrisk inre form och utfort av eldfast material, jamval i sin tur inneslutet i ett stalskal 15. Detta stalskal Or emellertid dubbelmantlat och genomstrommas av kylmedium, som till- rasp. bortfores medelst ledningarna 16a, 16b. Mantelrummet är fast vid pumpen 8 med hjdlp av flansforbindning 17. Mellan stalskalet 15 och formningskanalen 13 Or en skiva 18 anordnad med en centralt anordnad, cirkuldr kanal 19, vilken kommunicerar med stromningsvagen for metallsmaltan medelst sma hal 20. vilka aro fOrdelade runt omkretsen. Dessa hal anvandas for tillforsel av smOrjmedel, som skall avsatta sig langs innervaggen pa formningskanalen. Smorjmedlet tillfores under tryck genom en rorledning 21. Det kan pa i och for sig kant sfitt bestit av colzaolja; eventuellt med tillsats av suspenderad grafit i pulverform. The magnetic pump is sit. calculated, that it should be able to produce a quantity of small jam of 50 tons / hour under a pressure of a maximum of 10 atmospheres. The metal malt under this pressure is then passed through a forming channel 13, which is cooled by means of water circulation. This forming channel 13 is connected to the preceding parts by means of a coupling piece 14 with a cylindrical inner shape and made of refractory material, which in turn is enclosed in a steel shell 15. However, this steel shell is double-sheathed and flowed through by refrigerant, which is grated. removed by lines 16a, 16b. The jacket space is fixed to the pump 8 by means of flange connection 17. Between the steel shell 15 and the forming channel 13 a disc 18 is arranged with a centrally arranged, circular channel 19, which communicates with the flow path for the metal malt by means of small hales 20 which are distributed around the circumference. These hales are used for the supply of lubricant, which is to settle along the inner cradle on the forming channel. The lubricant is supplied under pressure through a pipeline 21. It may in itself be an edge sfitt composed of colza oil; possibly with the addition of suspended graphite in powder form.

Formningskanalen 13, vilken har cirkular sektion, Or utford av koppar och kyles med vatten, som strommar Morn en kylmantel 22, i vilken aven ingar en balg 23, avsedd att upptaga eventuellt forekommande skilj aktighater i langdutvidgning mellan formningskanalen och kylmanteln. Kylmanteln am fast vid formningskanalen 13 med hjalp av flansringar 24a och 24b, vilka sammanhallas medelst pa ritningen icke visade bultar. Denna anordning har valts for att man latt skall kunna demontera anordningen for utbyte av formningskanalen, vilken visat sig hava relativt begransad livslangd. The forming channel 13, which has a circular section, is lined with copper and cooled with water, which flows into a cooling jacket 22, in which also a bellows 23, intended to accommodate any differences in longitudinal expansion between the forming channel and the cooling jacket. The cooling jacket is fixed to the forming channel 13 by means of flange rings 24a and 24b, which are held together by means of bolts not shown in the drawing. This device has been chosen in order to be able to easily disassemble the device for replacing the forming channel, which has been found to have a relatively limited service life.

Om det nyttjade smorjmedlet skulle storande kvantiteter gas Mom formningskanalen, kan. man Ora denna eller en del darav poros, sa att gasema kunna finna ett utlopp. Man kan exempelvis i det inre av formningskanalen anordna en mantel av en porbs metall, t. ex. brons, vilken tatar mot metallsmaltan men genomslapper gas, sit att donna kan avga frail formningskanalen. En 4 sadan poros mantel Mir vara mycket tunn, eftersom dess termiska ledningsformaga icke Or sh god som koppams, och kylningen av metallen skall astadkommas i formningskanalen, men en alltfor tjock mantel skulle minska kylningsverkan. Sjalva manteln kyles ju icke i sin tur annat an genom sin direkta kontakt med kopparn i formningskanalen. Man Mr Oven se till, att kontakten är sh god som m8jligt. Samtidigt Mir man vidtaga Order for att forhindra att manteln glider Mom formningskanalen. Man kan dessutom gra hela formningskanalen utbytbar ph samma shit som i det fall att den Or utford hell av koppar, och man kan darvid lhta kopparroret krympas ph. manteln genom varmekrympning, antingen darigenom att man uppvarmer kopparroret, innan man skjuter in manteln, eller darigenom att man kyler manteln starkt, innan denna skjutes in i kopparroret. Det är kant att genom shdan krympningsforbindning delarna sh gott som bliva homogent forbundna med varandra. En sadan porOs mantel kan vara anbragt icke blott Over en del av formningskanalens langd, utan den kan Oven anvandas ph andra stallen av godtyckligt slag, i det att anvandningen av en kopparkanal med foder ,av porost material icke kan leda till igensattning av formningskanalen. If the lubricant used would be increasing quantities of gas Mom forming channel, can. man Ora this or some of it poros, said that the gases can find an outlet. It is possible, for example, to arrange in the interior of the forming channel a jacket of a porb metal, e.g. bronze, which tats against the metal malt but permeates gas, sit that donna can emit frail forming channel. Such a porous jacket should be very thin, since its thermal conductivity is not as good as that of copper, and the cooling of the metal should be provided in the forming channel, but an excessively thick jacket would reduce the cooling effect. The sheath itself is not cooled in any other way by its direct contact with the copper in the forming channel. Man Mr Oven make sure that the contact is as good as possible. At the same time Mir man take Order to prevent the mantle from slipping Mom forming channel. You can also make the entire forming channel interchangeable ph the same shit as in the case that it Or challenges pour of copper, and you can thereby lhta the copper tube shrinks ph. the jacket by heat shrinkage, either by heating the copper pipe, before inserting the jacket, or by cooling the jacket strongly, before it is pushed into the copper pipe. It is edge that through the shrinkage connection the parts sh become almost homogeneously connected to each other. Such a porous jacket can be arranged not only over a part of the length of the forming channel, but it can also be used in other places of any kind, in that the use of a copper channel with lining, of porous material can not lead to clogging of the forming channel.

Under sin rOrelse genom formningskanalen avger metallsmaltan varme till kanalens vaggar och samtidigt stelnar den succcessivt, sh att den avgar i form av en stay eller strang 25 med cirkular sektion. Regleringen av utloppshastigheten sker med hjalp av tvO tandade eller eljest ojamna valsar 26a, 26b, vilka i sin Farina draga fram materialstrangen. Dessa valsar visas mer i detalj i fig. 3, vilken visar en sektionsbild vinkelratt mot strangens axialriktning. Man aterfinner i denna figur den runda strangen 25 samt de hada valsarna 26a och 26b. Likash visas i samma figur Oven flansringen 24 mot formningskanalen. During its movement through the forming channel, the metal malt emits heat to the cradles of the channel and at the same time it solidifies successively, so that it emits in the form of a stay or strand with a circular section. The regulation of the outlet velocity takes place with the aid of two toothed or otherwise uneven rollers 26a, 26b, which in their Farina pull out the material strand. These rollers are shown in more detail in Fig. 3, which shows a sectional view perpendicular to the axial direction of the strand. In this figure one finds the round strand 25 and the had rollers 26a and 26b. Likash is shown in the same figure Above the flange ring 24 against the forming channel.

Hela anlaggningen for kontinuerlig frammatning ay metallsmaltan under formning till en sh.dan strang som ovan beskrivits uppbares av en metallkonstruktion 27, ph vilken den vilar med hjul 28a, 28b. Genom dessa hjul mojliggores en forskjutningsrorelse i 01.110- lande till karlet 1, sh. att anlaggningen kan kompensera de varmentvidgningsrorelser, som kunna uppkomma under behandlingen av materialet utan att overstarka pakanningar uppkomma. Det har vid forsok visat sig, att varmerOrelserna kunna uppga till ett eller annat tiotal millimeter Over helm anlaggningens langd. The entire plant for continuous feeding of the metal malt during molding into a similar strand as described above is supported by a metal structure 27, which rests with wheels 28a, 28b. Through these wheels a displacement movement in 01.110- land is possible to karlet 1, sh. that the plant can compensate for the heat expansion movements that can occur during the processing of the material without excessive packing jams occurring. Experiments have shown that the heaters can amount to one or another ten millimeters over the length of the helmet system.

Den magnetiska pumpens verkningssatt skall nu beskrivas i detalj: I fig. 1 her kana len 9 av eldfast gods visats, inorn vilken den flytande metallmassan rOr sig. Ovanfor sO- vOlnedanfor denna kanal 9 liar man an- ordnat ledande stavar 29, som forlOpa horisontellt, vinkelratt mot axialriktningen for metallmassans rorelse. De aro anordnade ph. kanalen 9 genom att vara nedskjutna i skaror och omgivna av sma magnetiserbara delar, vilka dock icke visats ph ritningen. De bilda tillhopa en rOrformad del 30a resp. 30b, vilken visas i fig. 2. DO emellertid denna figur representerar ett kopplingsschema ha dessa rorformade delar icke i kopplingsschemat visats i sina riktiga lagen. I praktiken kommer den ena delen att ligga tamligen tiara Over den andra. The actuation of the magnetic pump will now be described in detail: In Fig. 1 here the channel 9 of refractory goods is shown, within which the liquid metal mass moves. Above the sun below this channel 9, conducting rods 29 are arranged, which run horizontally, perpendicular to the axial direction for the movement of the metal mass. De aro arranged ph. the channel 9 by being shot down in crowds and surrounded by small magnetizable parts, which, however, are not shown in the drawing. They together form a tubular part 30a resp. 30b, which is shown in Fig. 2. However, this figure represents a wiring diagram, these tubular parts have not been shown in the wiring diagram in their true layers. In practice, one part will be rather tiara over the other.

Stavarna, t. ex. staven 29, Oro elektriskt forbundna med varandra enligt det kopplingsschema, som visas i fig. 2, sh att de bilda sling-or i seriekoppling och anslutbara i trefas ph shtt, som i stort sett ansluter sig till lindningsschemat i en trefasinduktionsmotor, en s. k. asynkronmotor. De matas frau de tre fasledarna A, B och C. Lindningarna Oro shlunda utforda p0 samma satt som statorlindningarna i den namnda trefasmotorn. FOljden blir, att det vridande eller roterande fait, som man erhaller i asynkronmotorn, vid den elektriskt magnetiska pumpen omvandlas till ett glidande falt med kraftlinjer vinkelratt mot planet i fig. 2, och forskjutbart parallellt med detta plan, Oval som med axellinjen for metallsmaltans rorelse. Det kommer darfor att i metallen alstras induktionsstrommar, vilka i samverkan med primarfaltet leda till pumpningskraften ph samma satt som rotorn i en kortsluten trefasinduktionsmotor paverkas frail statorns roterande FOr att man skall erhalla hogre intensitet eller styrka ph det glidande faltet, har vertikaldimensionen ph kanalen forminskats sh lan.gt som mojligt. Det liar redan ovan omnamnts, att kanalen Or formad som en tillplattad rektangel i genomskarning. Smaltmetallen kommer darfor att rora sig som ett skikt genom denna kanal, och skikttjockleken kan lampligen vara i storleksordningen av 20 cm. The staves, e.g. rod 29, Concerns electrically connected to each other according to the wiring diagram shown in Fig. 2, sh that they form loops in series connection and connectable in three-phase ph shtt, which largely connects to the winding diagram in a three-phase induction motor, a so-called asynchronous motor . They are fed from the three phase conductors A, B and C. The windings Oro shlunda challenge in the same way as the stator windings in the said three-phase motor. The result is that the rotating or rotating faut obtained in the asynchronous motor is converted by the electromagnetic pump into a sliding field with lines of force perpendicular to the plane of Fig. 2, and displaceably parallel to this plane, oval as with the axis of the metal malt. . Therefore, induction currents are generated in the metal, which in conjunction with the primary field lead to the pumping force ph the same way as the rotor in a short-circuited three-phase induction motor is affected by the rotor of the stator. lan.gt as possible. It has already been mentioned above that the channel Or is shaped like a flattened rectangle in section. The molten metal will therefore move like a layer through this channel, and the layer thickness can suitably be in the order of 20 cm.

Vid den ph ritningen visade utforingsformen av uppfinningen har man raknat med en kapacitet hos anlaggningen ay 50 ton/timme under ett tryck av 10 atmosfarer. For astadkommande av detta tryck genom magnetisk pumpning erfordras Over shval som under kanalen 9 ungefar sextio stavar 29, fOrutsatt, att man kan mata dem med en elektrisk strom med en stromstyrka av overslagsvis 3000 amp. Man kan namligen dh. erhalla en effekt i storleksordningen av 150-200 kw. In the embodiment of the invention shown in the drawing, the capacity of the plant has been measured at 50 tons / hour under a pressure of 10 atmospheres. To achieve this pressure by magnetic pumping, Over shval is required as under channel 9 about sixty rods 29, provided that they can be supplied with an electric current with a current of approximately 3000 amps. One can namely dh. obtain an output in the order of 150-200 kw.

Den smalta metal!, som avgar vid den tratt- liknande over&tgen fran skiktform till cirkuldr form pa kanalen, och som pa fig. 1 är angiven vid 31, framfores salunda genom trycket frail magnetpumpen 8, da den passerar genom formningskanalen 13, ddr den tamligen snart borjar stelna pa grund av varmeavgivningen till kanalvaggarna. Det tryck, som den flytande metallen utovar pa kroppen av redan stelnad metall, vilken bildats i formningskanalen, stravar att uppratthalla dennas kontakt med vaggarna i formningskanalen och begransar ddrigenom verkan av dimensionsminskningen pa grund av termisk inre rorelse i massan, vilken eljest skulle giva upphov till att en spalt uppkomme mellan metallmassan och formningskanalens vaggar. De kaviteter (pipes), som man enligt erfarenhet ken vanta sig uppkomma i den metalliska massan under dess kylning och stelnande, minskas aven saval till dimension som antal, pa grund av att yttermattet pa metallstrangen halles mer konstant under stelningsforloppet pa grund av det ovan namnda trycket fran den bakomliggande metallsmaltan. The narrow metal, which emits at the funnel-like transition from layer form to circular shape on the channel, and which in Fig. 1 is indicated at 31, is thus advanced by the pressure from the magnetic pump 8, as it passes through the forming channel 13, where it is rather soon begins to solidify due to the heat dissipation to the channel walls. The pressure exerted by the liquid metal on the body of already solidified metal formed in the forming channel tends to maintain its contact with the cradles in the forming channel and thereby limits the effect of the dimensional reduction due to thermal internal movement in the mass which would otherwise give rise to that a gap arises between the metal mass and the cradles of the forming channel. The cavities (pipes) which, according to experience, are accustomed to appear in the metallic mass during its cooling and solidification, are also reduced in size and number, because the outer mat of the metal strand is kept more constant during the solidification process due to the above-mentioned the pressure from the underlying metal malt.

For att ytterligare Oka kontaktmOjligheten mellan den bildade, stelnande metallstrangen, ena sidan, och innervaggen i formningskanalen, it andra sidan, ken man forma formningskanalen nagot litet koniskt, t. ex. med en konicitet av 1/100. Det är emellertid svart att exakt forutse, vilken konicitet man bor anvanda, eftersom kontraktionen kan vara mycket variabel fran fall till fall, sarskilt om metallsmaltan bestar av olika slag av metall, men Oven om den hela tiden utgores av en och samma metall eller metallegering. In order to further increase the contact possibility between the formed, solidifying metal strand, on one side, and the inner cradle in the forming channel, on the other hand, the forming channel can be shaped somewhat slightly conically, e.g. with a conicity of 1/100. However, it is difficult to predict exactly which conicity one should use, since the contraction can be very variable from case to case, especially if the metal malt consists of different types of metal, but even if it always consists of one and the same metal or metal alloy.

Vid utloppsdnden av formningskanalen 13 ken man anordna medel for sekundarkylning av staven 25 med hjalp av en vattendimma eller en vattenbesprutning. Milan kylning itr vat kand och erfordrar darfOr ingen ytterligare beskrivning. Neddoppning av staven ken jamval ske i vatten, som Ur pafyllt pa en kylningsbassang. At the outlet end of the forming channel 13, means can be provided for secondary cooling of the rod 25 by means of a water mist or a water spray. Milan cooling itr vat kand and therefore requires no further description. Immersion of the rod can also take place in water, which is filled into a cooling basin.

Valsarna 26, som dro anordnade yid utgangsdnden pit formningskanalen, sakerstalla styrningen och den riktiga utmatningen av stiingen 25. De drives med konstant hastighet, som emellertid är installbar. F8r deras drivning anvandes en elektrisk motor pa i och for sig kant sat. Det är emellertid icke nodvdndigt att man utiivar flagon sdrdeles effektiv dragning pa stangen vid dess utlopp, eftersom det magnetiskt astadkomna trycket ofta är fullt tillräckligt for andamalet, Utmatningshastigheten installes med hjdlp av valsarnas rotationshastighetsreglering i lamp-hg relation till den elektriska effekt, som till-fares den magnetiska pumpen. Valsarna anvandas darvid i fOrsta hand for reglering av utmatningshastigheten, i det att de endast utOva en tdmligen svag men dock installbar dragkraft eller i vissa fall till och med en svag bromskraft. The rollers 26, which draw arranged at the exit pit of the forming channel, ensure the control and the correct discharge of the path 25. They are driven at a constant speed, which, however, is installable. For their operation, an electric motor was used on the per se set. However, it is not necessary to apply highly efficient pulling of the flake to the rod at its outlet, since the magnetically applied pressure is often fully sufficient for the purpose. The discharge speed is installed by means of the rotational speed control of the rollers in lamp-high relation to the electrical power provided. fares the magnetic pump. The rollers are used primarily for regulating the discharge speed, in that they only exert a fairly weak but nevertheless installable traction force or in some cases even a weak braking force.

Det är naturligtvis icke nodvdndigt att formningskanalen har cirkular sektionsarea, utan man ken enligt uppfinningen med samma fordel framstalla stavar av allehanda andra sektionsformer, t. ex. rektanguldra. Forfaringssattet rasp. anordningen enligt foreliggande uppfinning aro sdrskilt ldmpliga och fordelaktiga for gjutning av material med ii-ten dimension, i det att de medgiva en vasentlig okning av arbetshastigheten och db.rigenorn av kapaciteten i forhallande till vad som kunnat eras med de Unda anordningarna resp. forfaringssatten. Det tryck av 10 atmosfarer, som oven omnamnts sasom lampligt i ett valt utforingsexempel, maste naturligtvis varieras i beroende av sektionsform och sektionsarea pa den gjutna stangen, och om denna variation sker pa lampligt satt, forbliva alla fordelar med uppfinningen bestaende. It is of course not necessary that the forming channel has a circular section area, but according to the invention one can with the same advantage produce rods of all kinds of other section shapes, e.g. rectangular. Procedured rasp. The devices according to the present invention are particularly suitable and advantageous for casting materials of the third dimension, in that they allow a substantial increase in the working speed and therefore the capacity of the capacity in relation to what could be achieved with the Unda devices resp. the procedure set. The pressure of atmospheres mentioned above as suitable in a selected embodiment must, of course, be varied depending on the section shape and section area of the cast rod, and if this variation occurs in a suitable manner, all the advantages of the invention will remain.

Uppfinningen Ur givetvis icke inskrankt till det sarskilda fOrfaringssatt, som oven beskrivits i detalj, eller till den for utiivande av forfaringssattet i detalj beskrivna anordningen, utan allehanda olika modifikationer kunna forekomma inom uppfinningens ram. The invention is of course not limited to the particular procedure as described in detail above, or to the device described in detail for carrying out the procedure, but all sorts of different modifications may occur within the scope of the invention.

Claims

Patent claim:

The present invention shakes a method for continuously casting metal into strands in horizontal motion starting from a metal malt (2), which from a container (1) moves freely through a substantially horizontal forming channel (13), in which it is cooled. that it solidifies. According to the invention, a pressure on the metal malt is exerted in a conduit part (9) between the container (1) and the forming channel (13) by magnetic pumping action, effected by means of a magnetic drop, which presses the metal melt a force of which at least one component acts in the direction of movement of the metal malt.

2. In practicing the method of claim 1, the magnetic pumping action is accomplished by circulating an electric current in a plane perpendicular to the horizontal direction of motion of the metal melt and establishing a magnetic drop substantially perpendicular to the plane of the electric current and parallel to the metal melt. direction of movement.

In the practice of the method according to claim 1, the electromagnetic pumping action is achieved by generating a magnetic fait in the metal malt and 6 displacing the magnetic Met in the direction of movement of the metal malt.

4. In carrying out the process method according to any of the preceding patent claims, the force of the magnetic pumping action is regulated so that it compensates for variations in the level of the metal medium (2). container (1).

When applying the method according to any one of the preceding patent claims, a restraining force is exerted on the formed metal strand (25) at its outlet from the forming channel (13).

The present invention relates to a device for carrying out the method according to any of the preceding patent claims. According to the invention, between a container (1) for the metal malt (2), from which the strand is to be produced, on the one hand, and a forming channel (13) for the strand (25), on the other hand a magnetic pump (8) is arranged on such salt , that it surrounds a channel (9) of refractory material. The forming channel (13), which is arranged substantially horizontally, is provided with a device for cooling the formed strand (25), and at the outlet end of the forming channel (13) means arranged for guiding the strand, for example in the form of a pair of rollers (26a, 26b). Request publications: