SE201066C1

SE201066C1 -

Info

Publication number: SE201066C1
Authority: SE
Publication date: 1965-01-01

Description

Uppfinnare: R F Rohe och V L Dunham Prioritet begard NI' den 17 jell och 13 oktober 1959 (USA) Foreliggande uppfinning liar avseende pd en nitsats, innefattande en rornit med satthuvud och ett i rorniten inforbart infastningsstilt med ett mot rornitens sluthuvudande ansattbart nitvidgningsorgan for utvidgning av nitskaftet under klyvning av detsamma till flikar, samt ett forfarande for att av en materialstang tillverka den i en sadan nitsats ingdende rorniten. Inventors: RF Rohe and VL Dunham Priority Requested NI 'on 17 and 13 October 1959 (USA). the rivet shaft during splitting the same into flaps, and a method for making the rornite contained in such a rivet from a material rod.

Vid infastning av en nitsats av den ovan beskrivna typen infores nitsatsen genom mitt-for varandra belagna hal i de element, som skola hopnitas, sa att rornitens sluthuvudande och nitvidgningsorganet pa stiftet befinna sig pa elementens blindsida eller icke atkomliga sida, medan rornitens satthuvud och en grip-bar del av infastningsstiftet befinna sig pa elementens motsatta sida. Ett nitverktyg med tryck- och dragorgan anbringas pa nitsatsen med tryckorg-anet i anliggning mot rornitens satthuvud och med dragorganet i ingrepp med den gripbara delen av stiftet. Dragorganet forskjutes darefter axiellt relativt tryckorganet, sa att nitvidgningsorganet pa infastningsstiftet bringas i ingrepp med rornitens sluthuvudande, varigenom de element, sem skola hopnitas, spannas samman mellan rOrnitens satthuvud och dess vidgade sluthuvudande. When attaching a rivet set of the type described above, the rivet set is inserted through the spaced-apart hall in the elements to be riveted together, so that the end head of the rivet and the rivet widening member on the pin are on the blind side or inaccessible side of the elements, grippable part of the fastening pin is located on the opposite side of the elements. A rivet tool with pressing and pulling means is applied to the rivet set with the pressure member in abutment against the set head of the rudder rivet and with the pulling means in engagement with the grippable part of the pin. The pulling means is then displaced axially relative to the pressure means, so that the rivet widening means on the fastening pin is brought into engagement with the end head of the pipe unit, whereby the elements to be riveted together are clamped together between the set head of the pipe unit and its widened end head.

Andamalet med foreliggande uppfinning ar att forbattra en nitsats av det ovan angivna slaget for underlattande av nitskaftets klyvning i langdriktningen till ett flertal flikar, och for astadkommande av att flikarna spridas och med kilverkan pressa elementen hart mot rornitens satthuvud. The object of the present invention is to improve a rivet set of the above-mentioned type for facilitating the splitting of the rivet shaft in the longitudinal direction into a plurality of tabs, and for causing the tabs to spread and pressing the elements hard against the set head of the rivet rivet.

Delta andamal uppnas enligt uppfinningen genom att nitskaftshatets inre tvarsektion fir orund och har form av en manghorning, foretradesvis en fyrhorning, med i omkretsled fordelade langsgaende horn som aro riktade radiellt utal mot nitskaftets utsida. Delta andamal is achieved according to the invention in that the inner transverse section of the rivet shaft hat is round and has the shape of a polygon, preferably a quadrangular horn, with circumferentially distributed longitudinal horns which are directed radially towards the outside of the rivet shaft.

Det enligt uppfinningen foredragna forfa randet for att av en materialstang tillverka den i nitsatsen ingaende rorniten kannetecknad darav, att frail den ena Auden av stangen pressas ett axiellt orunt hal, vars tvarsektion bildar i omkretsled fOrdelade langsgaende horn, som aro riktade radiellt utat mot slang-ens utsida, och att den andra anden av stangen stukas for formning av ett satthuvud. The preferred method of making the rattan rivet included in a rivet is made of a material rod, characterized in that from one end of the rod an axially orange hall is pressed, the transverse section of which forms circumferentially distributed longitudinal horns which are directed radially outwards towards the hose. even the outside, and that the other spirit of the rod is sprained to form a set head.

Som resultat av att det orunda halet pressas 1 stangen, forsattes materialet vid halets begransningsyta i ett tillstand av axiell kompression relativt materialet vid stangens utvandiga yta. Da den av stangen tillverkade rornitens skaft klyves till flikar medelst nitvidgningsorganet pa infastningsstiftet vid iiifdstning av nitsatsen, bringas foljaktligen flikarna genom spanningsskillnaden mellan de invandiga och utvandiga ytorna pa flikarna att krOka sig utat Over huvudsakligen 180°, sa att flikarnas andar komrna i anliggning mot elementaggregatets blindsida. Denna utatkrokning av flikarna till foljd av den under tillverkningen inforda axiella spanningsskillnaden mellan nitskaftets invandiga och utvandiga ytor understodjer den tidigare namnda kilverkan hos, flikarna med avseende pa astadkommandet av extremt stora hopspanningskrafter. As a result of the non-round tail being pressed into the rod, the material was continued at the limiting surface of the tail in a state of axial compression relative to the material at the outer surface of the rod. Consequently, as the shaft of the rod rivet made of the rod is split into tabs by means of the rivet widening member on the fastening pin upon attachment of the rivet set, the tabs are consequently caused by the stress difference between the inner and outer surfaces of the tabs to bend outwardly. blind side. This outgrowth of the flaps due to the axial stress difference introduced during manufacture between the inner and outer surfaces of the rivet shaft supports the previously mentioned wedge action of the flaps with respect to the production of extremely large clamping forces.

Uppfinningen forklaras narmare i foljande detaljerade beskrivning av som exempel -valda utforanden av uppfinningen, vilka visas pa bifogade ritningar. The invention is explained in more detail in the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, which are shown in the accompanying drawings.

Pa ritningarna ar fig. 1 en vy, delvis i vertikalprojektion och delvis i langdsektion, vii-ken visar ett massivt cylindriskt amne, av vilket rorniten enligt uppfinningen skall formas och vilket liar avklippts frail en langd av stangfimne, fig. 2 är en langdsektionsvy, som visar det forsta steget vid formning av rorniten av amnet, fig. 3 är en langdsektionsvy, som visar det andra steget vid formning av rorniten, varvid denna figur är tagen langs 2— — den pilforsedda linjen 3-3 i fig. 4, fig. 4 är en tvarsektionsvy, tagen langs den pilforsedda linjen 4 1 i fig. 3, fig. 5 Sr en vy i vertikalproj ektion av en stdmpel f6r pressning av ett axiellt polygonalti ena anden av amnet for astadkommande av halvfabrikatet enligt fig. 3, fig. 6 Sr en langdsektionsvy, som visar det tredje steget vid formningen av rorniten av amnet, fig. 7 Sr en langdsektionsvy, som visar det flarde och sista steget vid formning av rOrniten, fig. 8 Sr en andvy i vertikalprojektion, tagen sasom markerats med den pilforsedda linjen 8-8 i fig. 7, fig. 9 Sr en langdsektionsvy, som visar det forsta steget vid infastningen av en blindnitsats enligt uppfinningen, varvid denna blindnitsats innefattar den ovan namnda rOrniten, fig. 10 Sr en tvarsektionsvy, tagen kings den pilforsedda linjen 10-10 i fig. 9, fig. 11 Sr en. langdsektionsvy, soni visar blindnitsatsen i delvis infdst till-stand, fig. 12 Sr en langdsektionsvy, som visar blindnitsatsen i helt infast tillstand, fig. 13 Sr en langdsektionsvy, som visar den infasta Ilindnitsatsen efter avputsning av overskottsmaterial fran infa.stningsstiftet i nitsatsen, fig. 14 Sr en andvy i vertikalprojektion av den infasta blindnitsatsen och visar den nedre an-den av nitsatsen, sadan denna atergives i fig. 13, fig. 15 Sr en vy i vertikalprojektion av ett alternativt infastningsstift for blindnitsatsen enligt uppfinningen, fig. 16 Sr en langdsektionsvy i likhet med fig. 7 som visar en rornit av annat utforande enligt uppfinningen, fig. 17 Sr en langdsektionsvy i likhet med fig. 7 men visar en rOrnit av alum ett utforande av uppfinningen, fig. 18 Sr en langdsektionsvy i likhet med fig. 9 men visar en nitsats, vilken innefattar rOrniten enligt fig. 17, fig. 19 Sr en langdsektionsvy, tagen langs den pilforsedda linjen 19-19 i fig. 18, fig. 20 Sr en langdsektionsvy i likhet med fig. 17 och visar en r8rnit av ett ytterligare utforande enligt uppfinningen, fig. 21 Sr en langdsektionsvy, som visar forklyvning av nosen has rOrniten i fig. 20, fig. 22 Sr en andvy i storre skala av nosen has rorniten i fig. 20 och 21 after for-klyvning av densamma, fig. 23 Sr en fragmentarisk langdsektionsvy, tagen kings den pilforsedda linj en 23-23 i fig. 22, fig. 24 Sr en langdsektionsvy i likhet med fig. 20, fig. 25 Sr en langdsektionsvy i likhet med fig. 21 men visar en annan anordning for for-klyvning av nosen has den i fig. 24 visade rOrniten, fig. 26 Sr en andvy i storre skala av ett verktyg, som anvandes vid den i fig. 25 visade for-klyvningsoperationen, fig. 27 Sr en fragmentarisk invandig vertikalprojektionsvy i storre skala av den for-lduvna rorniten enligt fig. 25 och visar en skara ddri, fig. 28 Sr en langdsektionsvy i likhet med fig. 20 men visar en r6rnit av ytterligare ett utforande enligt uppfinningen, samt fig. 29 Sr en langdsektionsvy i likhet med fig. 25 men visar for-klyvning av nosen hos rorniten enligt fig. 28. In the drawings Fig. 1 is a view, partly in vertical projection and partly in longitudinal section, which shows a solid cylindrical blank, from which the tube according to the invention is to be formed and which is cut from a length of rod figure, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view, Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the second step in forming the ridge rivet, this figure being taken along the arrowed line 3-3 in Fig. 4; Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the arrow-provided line 41 in Fig. 3; Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the third step in shaping the ronite of the blank, Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the flare and final step in forming the ronite, Fig. 8 is a duct view in vertical projection, taken as marked with the arrow force line 8-8 in Fig. 7, Fig. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the first step in the fastening of a blind rivet set according to the invention, this blind rivet set comprising the above-mentioned rOrniten, Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view, taken kings of the arrowed line 10-10 in Fig. 9, Fig. 11 Sr en. longitudinal sectional view, soni shows the blind rivet set in partially frozen condition, Fig. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the blind rivet set in completely fixed condition, Fig. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the fixed single rivet set after trimming excess material from the mounting pin in the rivet set, Fig. 14 is a vertical elevational view of the fixed blind rivet set showing the lower end of the rivet set as shown in Fig. 13; Fig. Is a longitudinal sectional view similar to Fig. 7 showing a pipe section of another embodiment according to the invention, Fig. 17 is a longitudinal sectional view similar to Fig. 7 but showing a section of alum an embodiment of the invention, Fig. 18 is a longitudinal sectional view similar to with Fig. 9 but showing a rivet set, which comprises the rOrnite according to Fig. 17, Fig. 19 Sr a longitudinal sectional view, taken along the arrowed line 19-19 in Fig. 18, Fig. 20 Sr a longitudinal section view similar to Fig. 17 and shows a section of a further embodiment according to the invention, Fig. 21 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the pre-cleavage of the nose within the section 20; in Figs. 20 and 21 after pre-splitting the same, Fig. 23 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view, taken arrows provided by the arrow 23-23 in Fig. 22, Fig. 24 is a longitudinal sectional view similar to Fig. 20; Fig. 25 is a longitudinal sectional view similar to Fig. 21 but showing another device for pre-splitting the nose having the rnornite shown in Fig. 24; Fig. 26 is a large scale view of a tool used with the Fig. 27 shows a pre-cleavage operation, Fig. 27 is a fragmentary internal vertical projection view on a larger scale of the pre-split pipe rite according to Fig. 25 and shows a group therein, Fig. 28 is a longitudinal sectional view similar to Fig. a further embodiment according to the invention, and Fig. 29 is a longitudinal sectional view similar to me Fig. 25 but shows pre-cleavage of the nose of the rornite according to Fig. 28.

I fig. 9 pa ritningarna, vartill forst hanvisas, Sr den fardiga nitsatsen for blindnitning enligt uppfinningen betecknad generellt med 20 och innefattar ett infdstningsstift 22 med en darpa anordnad rornit 24. Den senare innefattar ett nitskaft i form av en hylsa 26 med en nos 28 i ena dnden, sluthuvudanden, och ett satthuvud 30 i den andra 5..nden. Satthuvudel: 30 visas innefatta en central guts 31 och en ringflans 32, men det kan ha samma form som huvudet 30a ph rorniten 24a i fig. 16, medan niten 24a i ovrigt Sr identisk med niten 24, eller ocksa kan satthuvudet 30 ha flagon annan form. En tatningsbricka 33 visas uppburen av hylsan 26 i anliggning mot en ringformig ansats 34, vilken bildas av satthuvudet 30 och Sr vand i riktning mot nosen 28, for det fall att fluidumtit forslutning erfordr as . In Fig. 9 of the drawings, to which reference is first made, the finished rivet set for blind riveting according to the invention is generally designated 20 and comprises a mounting pin 22 with a riveted rivet 24 arranged. The latter comprises a rivet shaft in the form of a sleeve 26 with a nose 28. in one end, end heads, and a set head 30 in the other end. Set head: 30 is shown to comprise a central gut 31 and an annular flange 32, but it may have the same shape as the head 30a of the rnite 24a in Fig. 16, while the rivet 24a is otherwise identical to the rivet 24, or the set head 30 may also have a flagon other form. A sealing washer 33 is shown supported by the sleeve 26 in abutment with an annular shoulder 34, which is formed by the set head 30 and Sr water in the direction of the nose 28, in the event that fluid tight closure is required.

Hylsan 26 Sr anordnad med ett axiellt polygonalt hal 36, foretradesvis ett b.uvudsakligen kvadratiskt hal, vilket stracker sig fran nosen 28 huvudsakligen till satthuvudet 30, varvid det dock foretradesvis slutar ett kort stycke framfor satthuvudet 30. Det kvadratiska ha-lets 36 i omkretsled fardelade langsga.ende hOrn 38, som straeka sig fran nosen 28 mot salthuvudet 30 men foretradesvis sluta ett kort stycke framf Or satthuvudet 30, bilda langsgaende forsvagningslinjer, kings vilka bylsan 26 Sr avsedd att klyvas frail nosen 28 mot satthuvudet 30. The sleeve 26 is arranged with an axially polygonal hal 36, preferably a substantially square hal, which extends from the nose 28 substantially to the set head 30, however, it preferably ends a short distance in front of the set head 30. The square haul 36 in circumferential direction divided longitudinal horns 38, which extend from the nose 28 towards the salt head 30 but preferably end a short distance in front of the set head 30, form longitudinal lines of weakness, kings which the sleeve 26 are intended to be split from the nose 28 towards the set head 30.

Det kvadratiska halet 36 ansluter sig i sin inre ande till ett hal 40 med cirkuldr tvarsektion, vilket stracker sig genom den atersthende delen av rorniten 24 och Sr helaget inuti salthuvudet 30. Genom att halet 40 Sr gjort I tvdrsektion, erhalles storsta hallfasthet med avseende ph de ringpakanningar i detta omrade, som rOrniten 24 utsattes for vid infastning av blindnitsatsen 20. The square tail 36 adjoins in its inner spirit a hall 40 with a circular cross-section, which extends through the remaining part of the rornite 24 and the whole inside the salt head 30. the ring gaskets in this area to which the rOrnite 24 was subjected when attaching the blind rivet set 20.

Infastningsstiftet 22 Sr i sin ena ande anordnat med organ f Sr utvidgning av rOrniten 24 till anliggning mot elementaggregatet och far utvidgning av rornitens nos 28 till hop-spanning av elementen fororsakande anliggning mot blindsidan av detta aggregat av element. Detta infastningsstift innefattar ett f6rtjockat shaft 42, vilket Over gar i ett ytterligare fortjockat nitvidgningsorgan 44, varvid det Senare har koniska ytor 45 och 46 for yidgning astadkommande ingrepp med hylsans 26 nos 28. Ytan 15 Sr relativt spetsig och ytan 46 relativt trubbig, sa att dessa ytor tillsamman narma sig en bagformig, konkav yta i tvarsektion. Skaftet 42 Over& med ett koniskt parti 47 i infastningsstiftets 22 huvuddel, och skaftet har ringformiga lister 48, vilka bilda en gripanordning, avsedd att bringas i ingrepp med vaggen has det cirkuldra halet 40 i rOrniten 24, dS blindnitsatsen 20 infdstes, varigenom forhindras, att stiftet ramlar ut. Den med ringformiga lister utformade delen 48 av skaftet 42 ingriper dessutom rued sidorna hos — —3 det kvadratiska halet 36 fore infastningen, shsom bast visas i fig. 10, for att halla infastningsstiftet 22 och r6rniten 24 samman under transport, hantering och liknande. Fig. 15 visar ett infastningsstift 22a, vilket har ett med langsgaende lister utformat parti 48a, vilket ger samma resultat. The fastening pin 22 is arranged in one end with means for extending the tube 24 to abut against the element assembly and extending the nose 28 of the tube for clamping the elements causing abutment against the blind side of this assembly of elements. This mounting pin includes a thickened shaft 42, which extends into a further thickened rivet widening member 44, the latter having conical surfaces 45 and 46 for widening engagement with the sleeve 26 nose 28. The surface 15 is relatively pointed and the surface 46 is relatively obtuse, so these surfaces together approach a bag-shaped, concave surface in cross section. The shaft 42 has a conical portion 47 in the main part of the fastening pin 22, and the shaft has annular strips 48, which form a gripping device, intended to be brought into engagement with the cradle. the pin falls out. The annular strip 48 of the shaft 42 further engages the rued sides of the square tail 36 before the attachment, as shown in Fig. 10, to hold the attachment pin 22 and the rivet 24 together during transport, handling and the like. Fig. 15 shows a fastening pin 22a, which has a portion 48a formed with longitudinal strips, which gives the same result.

Intill infastningsstiftets 22 skaft 42 finnes en forsvagad zon eller brottanvisning 49, fOretriidesvis i form av ett ringspar, for att stiftet 22 under infastningsoperationen skall gà av pa detta stalle, da blindnitsatsen 20 är in-fast. Infastningsstiftet 22 är i den nitvidgningsorganet 44 motsatta anden anordnat med ett gripbart organ 50, vilket kan gripas medelst en gripanordning ph dragorganet i ett nitverktyg, sawn' kommer att beskrivas. I den speciella konstruktion, som visas, utgores det gripbara organet 50 av ett flertal ringformiga lister pa stiftet 22, vilka arc astadkomna genom upptagning av ringspar i stiftet. Adjacent to the shaft 42 of the fastening pin 22 is a weakened zone or fracture indication 49, preferably in the form of a pair of rings, so that the pin 22 during the fastening operation will come off at this point, when the blind rivet set 20 is fixed. The fastening pin 22 is arranged in the spirit opposite the rivet widening member 44 with a grippable member 50, which can be gripped by means of a gripping device or the pulling member in a rivet tool, which will be described. In the particular construction shown, the grippable member 50 is formed by a plurality of annular strips on the pin 22, which are provided by receiving pairs of rings in the pin.

I det foregaende har darmed givits en beskrivning av nitsatsen 20 i des helhet, och del salt, varph. rorniten 24 tillverkas skall nu studeras. In the foregoing, a description has been given of the rivet set 20 in its entirety, and part salt, warp. the rornite 24 manufactured will now be studied.

Med hanvisning till fig. 1 pa ritningarna utgores utgangsmaterialet foretradesvis av en cylindrisk amnesstang 51, vilken kan besta av vilket lampligt material som heist, exempelvis aluminium eller en aluminiumlegering. Fran ananesstangen 51 avklippes ett amne 52 med lamplig langd. Amnets langd är beroende av den langd, som onskas for rorniten 24, och langden hos den senare bestammes av tjockleken hos det elementaggregat, tillsamman med vilket niten skull anvandas. Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings, the starting material is preferably a cylindrical amnesis rod 51, which may consist of any suitable material, such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy. From the pineapple rod 51, a blank 52 of suitable length is cut off. The length of the blank depends on the length desired for the rivet 24, and the length of the latter is determined by the thickness of the element assembly with which the rivet is to be used.

Med hanvisning till fig. 2 pa ritningarna placeras amnet 52 i ett lampligt sanke, icke visat, medelst vilket ett axiellt hal 54 pressas i amnets ens a.nde, varvid detta hal liar cirkular tvarsektion. Foretradesvis pressas samtidigt en central axiell fordjupning 56 i amnets 52 motsatta ande medelst detta sanke. Genom jamfOrelse av fig. 1 och 2 torde framga., att amnet 52 har forlangts nagot till foljd av att materialet i amnet liar undantrangts vid form-fling av halet 54. Referring to Fig. 2 of the drawings, the blank 52 is placed in a lamp sanctuary, not shown, by means of which an axial hole 54 is pressed into one end of the blank, this half having a circular cross-section. Preferably, at the same time, a central axial recess 56 is pressed into the opposite spirit of the blank 52 by means of this groove. A comparison of Figures 1 and 2 will show that the blank 52 has been required somewhat as a result of the material in the blank being displaced when the tail 54 is formed.

Med hanvisning till fig. 3, 4 oeh 5 pit ritningarna placeras amnet 52 darefter i ett sanke, som icke visas fullstandigt men som innefattar en. dorn 58 for pressning av det kvadratiska eller pa annat salt polygonala halet 36 i amnet, varvid det kvadratiska halet 36 pressas i samma ande air amnet som dar fordjupningen 56 fir belagen. Det framgar, att den undantrangning av material, som uppstar till fOljd air att det kvadratiska halet 36 pressas, ger en avseva.rd forlangning av amnet 52 genom att materialet i amnet flyter langs dornen 58. Djupet hos det kvadratiska halet 36 ar sadant, att detta hal stracker sig fran den fardiga rornitens 24 nos 28 (sluthuvudande) huvudsakligeu till satthuvudet 30, varvid det dock fOretradesvis slutar ett kort stycke fram far huvudet. For den speciella form ph satthuvudet, som visas pa ritningarna, stracker sig det kvadratiska halet 36 Over ungefar halva langden av amnet 52 i dettas i fig. 3 visade tillstand. Referring to Figures 3, 4 and 5 of the drawings, the blank 52 is then placed in a sanctuary, which is not shown in full but which includes one. mandrel 58 for pressing the square or other salt polygonal tail 36 in the blank, the square tail 36 being pressed in the same second air blank as the recess 56 for the coatings. It can be seen that the displacement of material which results from the air being pressed into the square hole 36 gives a considerable demand of the blank 52 in that the material in the blank flows along the mandrel 58. The depth of the square hole 36 is such that this hal extends from the nose 28 (end head) of the finished rornite 24 to the set head 30, however, it preferably ends a short distance in front of the head. For the particular shape of the set head shown in the drawings, the square tail 36 extends over approximately half the length of the blank 52 in the condition shown in Fig. 3.

For underlattande av metallflytningen omkring dornen 58 och far underlattande av dornens tillbakadragning frail det kvadratiska halet 36 Or dornens spets anordnad med ett nagot vidgat huvud 59 och Oro dornens sidor nagot avfasade intill dornens horn, varvid avfasningsytorna Oro betecknade med 60. Avfasningsvinkeln kan vara exempelvis av storleksardningen 7°. To facilitate the metal flow around the mandrel 58 and to facilitate the retraction of the mandrel from the square tail 36, the tip of the mandrel is arranged with a slightly widened head 59 and the sides of the mandrel are slightly chamfered adjacent to the mandrel horn, the chamfering surfaces sizing 7 °.

Med hanvisning till fig. 6 ph ritningarna placeras amnet 52 darefter i ett sanke, icke visat, vilket delvis formar ett satthuvud i den ande av amnet, som Or motsatt det kvadratiska Met 36. Detta sanke innefattar en dorn, icke visad, vilken passar i det tidigare pressade halet 54 i amnets 52 satthuvudande, och innefattar en dorn, icke visad, med cirkular tvarsektion, vilken passar i det kvadratiska halet 36 och i dettas inre ande formar ett hal 62 med cirkular tvarsektion, varvid detta hal 62 bildar en forlangning ph det kvadratiska halet och foretradesvis liar huvudsakligen samma diameter som halet 54. Det Or givet, att nedhtriktade krafter, som utavas far astadkommande av det delvis formade satthuvudet i fig. 6, motverkas av uppatriktade krafter, som utovas air den dorn, vilken formar det cirkulara hhlet 62. Salunda bevaras den onskade kvadratiska formen hos halet 36. Referring to Fig. 6 of the drawings, the blank 52 is then placed in a sanctuary, not shown, which partially forms a set head in the spirit of the blank, which is opposite the square Met 36. This sanctuary comprises a mandrel, not shown, which fits in the previously pressed tail 54 in the set head of the blank 52, and comprises a mandrel, not shown, with circular cross-section, which fits in the square tail 36 and in its inner spirit forms a hall 62 with circular cross-section, this hall 62 forming an extension ph the square tail and preferably has substantially the same diameter as the tail 54. It is provided that downward forces exerted by the partially formed set head in Fig. 6 are counteracted by upward forces exerted on the mandrel which forms the circular hhlet 62. Salunda preserves the desired square shape of the hale 36.

Slutligen placeras amnet 52, sasom visas i fig. 7, i ett sanke, vilket astadkommer det fardiga satthuvudet 30 och stansar bort det material, som skiljer halen 54 och 62 at, fOr att halet 40 med cirkular tvarsektion skall astadkommas genom nitens satthuvud 30. Ha-let 40 kan emellertid utgoras atminstone delvis av ett borrat hal. Samtidigt forses den erhallna rornitens 24 nos 28 med radiella spar eller skaror. De astadkomna radiella sparen Oro betecknade med 66, och det finnes ett tillrackligt antal sadana spar f8r att tatt intill varje horn 38 hos det kvadratiska halet 36 skall finnas ett shdant spar. Darigenom undvikes varje behov av att stalla in amnet 52 och den de radiella sparen 66 bildande sankesdelen i vridled. Sparen 66 are anordnade for att inleda klyvning av nitens 24 hvlsa 26 kings h6rnen 38 i det kvadratiska halet. Finally, the blank 52, as shown in Fig. 7, is placed in a sanctuary, which provides the finished set head 30 and punches away the material separating the tail 54 and 62, so that the tail 40 with circular cross-section is provided through the set head 30 of the rivet. However, the hole 40 may be formed at least in part by a drilled hole. At the same time, the nos 28 of the obtained rornite 24 is provided with radial grooves or grooves. The radial grooves provided by Oro are denoted by 66, and there are a sufficient number of such grooves for there to be an adjacent groove adjacent to each horn 38 of the square tail 36. This avoids any need to adjust the blank 52 and the radial recess 66 forming the collecting member in the pivot joint. The grooves 66 are provided to initiate cleavage of the corner 38 king corners 38 of the rivet 24 in the square tail.

- Det framgar, att atminstone det kvadratiska halet 36 och foretradesvis bade det kvadratiska halet och det eirkulara halet 40 bildas helt och ballet genom axiella pressningsoperationer. Meningen harmed ar att komprimera materialet i rorniten 24 intill dess inre yta relativt materialet i niten intill dess yttre yta. Materialet i rorniten 24 vid de invandiga ytorna hos de kvadratiska och cirkulara Mien 36 och 40 och speciellt vid ytorna hos det kvadratiska halet 36 arc med andra ord i ett tillstand — — av axiell kompression relativt materialet i riirniten vid dennas utvandiga ytor. Verkan harav skall diskuteras senare. It can be seen that at least the square tail 36 and preferably both the square tail and the circular tail 40 are formed completely and the ball by axial pressing operations. The purpose here is to compress the material of the rivet 24 adjacent its inner surface relative to the material of the rivet adjacent its outer surface. The material of the rornite 24 at the inner surfaces of the square and circular Mien 36 and 40 and especially at the surfaces of the square tail 36 arc in other words in a state of axial compression relative to the material of the rornite at its outer surfaces. The effect of this will be discussed later.

Vid infastningen av nitsatsen 20 sammansattas infastningsstiftet 22 och den genom de fOregaende operationerna bildade rorniten 24 pa det satt, som visas i fig. 9 ph ritningarna och tidigare har beskrivits. Den darigenom erhallna nitsatsen 20 for blindnitning inf8res i mittfor varandra belagna hal 72 och 74 genom element 76 och 78, vilka skola hopnitas for att bilda ett nitat aggregat 80, fig. 12 och 13. DA nitsatsen 20 är pa delta salt infOrd i Mien 72 oeh 74, aro rornitens 24 nos 28 och infastningsstiftens 22 nitvidgningsorgan 44 placerade pa aggregatets 80 blindsida, medan r8rnitens 24 satthuvud 30 oth det gripbara organet 50 pa stiftet 22 arc placerade pa aggregatets tillgangliga sida. Rrickan 3, om sadan anvandes, under huvudet 30 är anlaggbar mot aggregatets 80 tillgangliga sida. In the fastening of the rivet set 20, the fastening pin 22 and the rornite 24 formed by the preceding operations are assembled in the manner shown in Fig. 9 of the drawings and previously described. The rivet set 20 thus obtained for blind riveting is inserted in opposite 72 and 74 through elements 76 and 78, which are to be riveted together to form a riveted assembly 80, Figs. 74, the nose 28 of the tube 24 and the rivet widening members 44 of the mounting pin 22 are located on the blind side of the assembly 80, while the set head 30 of the tube 24 and the grippable member 50 of the pin 22 are located on the accessible side of the assembly. The ratchet 3, if used, under the head 30 is abutable against the accessible side of the assembly 80.

Med nitsatsen 20 inford genom det arbetsstycket bildande aggregatet 80 pa det ovan naranda sattet anbringas ett lampligt nitverktyg 82 pa nitsatsen. Mera speciellt az nitverktyget 82 anordnat med ett tryckorgan eller stud 84, vilket ãr anordnat att ha sate pa satthuvudet 30, och med ett dragorgan 86, vilket är rorligt axiellt relativt tryckorganet och ar anordnat med en gripanordning 88 for gripning av det gripbara organet 50 pa nitsatsens infastningsstift 22. Under dessa betingelser forskjutes dragorganet 86 axiellt relativt tryckorganet 84 i riktning bort fran aggregatet 80 for dragning av stiftet 22 in i rOrnitens 24 hylsa 20. With the rivet set 20 inserted through the workpiece forming assembly 80 in the above manner, a suitable rivet tool 82 is applied to the rivet set. More particularly, the riveting tool 82 is provided with a pressure member or stud 84, which is arranged to be mounted on the set head 30, and with a pulling member 86, which is movable axially relative to the pressure member and is provided with a gripping device 88 for gripping the grippable member 50 on Under these conditions, the pulling means 86 is displaced axially relative to the pressure means 84 in the direction away from the assembly 80 for pulling the pin 22 into the sleeve 20 of the rivet 24.

Da infastningsstiftet 22 se fig. 11 och 12 — forskjutes axiellt relativt rOrniten 24 for dragning av det vidgade skaftet 42 in i hylsans 26 satthuvudande och nitvidgningsorganet 44 ph stiftet 22 in i hylsans 26 nosande eller sluthuvudande, astadkommer det vidgade skaftet 42 utvidgning av hylsans 26 satthuvudande och klyver nitvidgningsorganet 44 pa infastningsstiftet 22 hylsan 26 i flikar 90 lungs hornen 38 i det kvadratiska halet 36, varvid klyvningen borjar i de respektive radiella spar 66, som aro narmast hOrnen 38. Nitvidgningsorganet 44 pa infastningsstiftet 22 sprider flikarna 90 fbr att bringa dem att verka pa elementets 78 blindsida med kilverkan for hopsattning av elementen 76 °eh 78 mellan flikarna och satthuvudet 30. Samtidigt vidgas hylsan, sa att den kommer att huvudsakligen utfylla Mien 72 och 74. As the fastening pin 22 see Figs. 11 and 12 is axially displaced relative to the tube 24 for pulling the widened shaft 42 into the set head of the sleeve 26 and the rivet widening member 44 ph the pin 22 into the sleeve 26 of the sleeve 26 sniffing or closing head, the widened shaft 42 causes expansion of the sleeve 26 and the rivet widening member 44 on the fastening pin 22 splits the sleeve 26 into tabs 90 of the lung horns 38 in the square tail 36, the cleavage beginning in the respective radial grooves 66 which are closest to the corners 38. to act on the blind side of the element 78 with wedge action for assembling the elements 76 ° eh 78 between the flaps and the set head 30. At the same time the sleeve is widened so that it will mainly fill the Mien 72 and 74.

Flikarna 90 kroka sig utat och axiellt mot aggregatet 80 och till ytterligare hopspanning eller sammanhallning astadkommande ingrepp med aggregatets blindsida, sasom visas I fig. 12 och 13. Sadan krakning av flikarna 90 understodjes av den huvudsakligen konkava tvarsektionen hos infastningsstiftet 22 i overgAnge.n mellan skaftet 42 och nitvidgningsorganet 44 men beror i f8rsta hand pa den axiella spanningsskillnaden mellan det kvadratiska halets 36 invandiga och utvandiga ytor. Sasorn tidigare papekats, resulterar den axiella komprimeringen av amnet 52 vid tramstallning av rorniten 24 i att I synnerhet det kvadratiska halets 36 invandiga ytor forsattas i ett tillstand av axiell kompression relativt hylsans 26 utvandiga yta i narheten av det kvadratiska halet. Da hylsan 26 klyves tilt flikarna 90, utsattas foljaktligen de senare for samma axiella spanningsskillnad, varvid fli- karnas invandiga ytor strava att forlanga sig och deras utvandiga ytor strava att draga ihop sig for avlastning av den axiella spannings- skillnaden. Foljaktligen kroka sig flikarna 90 till de lagen, som visas i fig. 12 och 13, och nar detta sker, understodja flikarna den tidi- gare diskuterade kilverkan f Or hopspanning av aggregatet mycket hart mellan flikarna och rornitens 24 satthuvud 30. The flaps 90 bend outwardly and axially against the assembly 80 and for further clamping or cohesive engagement with the blind side of the assembly, as shown in Figs. the shaft 42 and the rivet widening member 44 but depends primarily on the axial stress difference between the inner and outer surfaces of the square tail 36. The sasor previously papekats, the axial compression of the blank 52 when trampling the rornite 24 results in that in particular the inner surfaces of the square tail 36 are continued in a state of axial compression relative to the outer surface of the sleeve 26 near the square tail. As the sleeve 26 is split tilt the flaps 90, the latter are consequently subjected to the same axial stress difference, the inner surfaces of the flaps tending to elongate and their outer surfaces tending to contract to relieve the axial stress difference. Consequently, the flaps 90 hook to the layers shown in Figs. 12 and 13, and when this occurs, the flaps support the previously discussed wedge action of clamping the assembly very tightly between the flaps and the set head 30 of the rornite 24.

Det framgar, att det med ringformiga lister utformade partiet 48 av infastningsstiftets 22 skaft 42 är placerat i det cirkuldra Met 62 genom rornitens 24 satthuvudande. Darigenom halles stiftet kvar i det lage, som visas i fig. 12 och 13. It can be seen that the portion 48 of the shaft 42 of the fastening pin 22 formed with annular strips is placed in the circular Met 62 by the set head of the rornite 24. As a result, the pin is retained in the bearing shown in Figs. 12 and 13.

Da infastningsstiftet 22 vidgar rorniten 24, f8r att den skall utfylla halen 72 och 74, utvecklas relativt kraftiga ringpakanningar i det vidgade partiet. Tillraekligt motstand mot sadana ringpikanningar erhalles genom att man utformar halet 40 i nitens 24 satthuvud med eirkular tvarsektion i stallet for att draga dcl kvadratiska halet 36 helt genom niten. salunda är det kvadratiska halet 36 anordnat blott Over den langd av rorniten 24, som skall klyvas, medan atminstone storre delen av den aterstaende langden av rorniten Or anordnad med det cirkulara halet 40 f Or forhindrande av brott pa. den okluvna delen av rorniten 24 till foljd av ringpakanningar. As the fastening pin 22 widens the rornite 24, so that it fills the tail 72 and 74, relatively strong ring gaps develop in the widened portion. Sufficient resistance to such ring picks is obtained by forming the tail 40 in the set head of the rivet 24 with a circular cross-section in the stable to pull the square tail 36 completely through the rivet. thus, the square tail 36 is arranged only over the length of the rornite 24 to be split, while at least the greater part of the remaining length of the rornite Or is arranged with the circular tail 40 f Or preventing breakage of. the uncleaved portion of the rornite 24 following ring packings.

Sasom visas i fig. 12 nar motstandet mot ytterligare axiell rorelse hos infastningsstiftet 22, da detta kommer till sitt slutliga lage, ett sadant varde, att stiftet gar av i brottanvisningen 49. Som en sista operation kan stiftet 22 putsas av jams med r6rnitens 24 satthuvud 30, sasom visas i fig. 13 pa ritningarna. As shown in Fig. 12, when the resistance to further axial movement of the fastening pin 22, when this comes to its final position, such a value that the pin comes off in the fracture direction 49. As a final operation, the pin 22 can be polished by jams with the set head of the pipe 24 30, as shown in Fig. 13 of the drawings.

I fig. 17-19 pa ritningarna visas en nitsats 120, vilken är lik nitsatsen 20. Komponenterna i nitsatsen 130 aro identifierade med nummer, vilka aro hundra hagre an de som anvants for identifiering av de motsvarande komponenterna i nitsatsen 20. Endast de komponenter i nitsatsen 120, som skilja sig fran de motsvarande komponenterna i nitsatsen 20, komma att beskrivas narmare. Nitsatsen 120 skiljer sig frau nitsatsen 20 blott genom att nosen 128 pa. rorniten 124 Or utvandigt avfasad, sasom visas vid 152, i stallet for att vara anordnad med de radiella sparen 66 i nosen 28. Genom utvandig avfasning av nosen 128 erhaller denna en tuna ringformig kant 154 intill det kvadratiska eller annan polygonal — — Torm uppvisande halets 136 periferi. Vidare är en liten grad 156 utformad, vilken stracker sig in i halet 136. Da. niten 124 och inf5.stningsstiftet 122 hopsattas, sasom visas i fig. 18 och 19, tranges graden 156 utat, sasom bast visas i fig. 19, av den hu.vudsakligen konkava Overgangen mellan stiftets 122 skaft 142 och nitvidgningsorgan 144 for fOrklyvning av den tunna kanten 154 i halets 136 horn, sasmn markerats vid 158 i fig. 18. Aven utan graden 156 kommer emellertid den tunna kanten 154 normalt att for-klyvas i halets 136 horn vid hopsattnin gay stiftet 122 och niten 124. Figs. 17-19 of the drawings show a rivet set 120, which is similar to the rivet set 20. The components of the rivet set 130 are identified by numbers, which are one hundred times better than those used to identify the corresponding components in the rivet set 20. Only the components in the rivet set 120, which differs from the corresponding components in the rivet set 20, will be described in more detail. The rivet set 120 differs from the rivet set 20 only by the nose 128 pa. The outer ridge 124 is externally chamfered, as shown at 152, instead of being provided with the radial grooves 66 in the nose 28. By externally chamfering the nose 128, it obtains a thin annular edge 154 adjacent the square or other polygonal tail. 136 periphery. Furthermore, a small degree 156 is formed, which extends into the tail 136. Da. The rivet 124 and the mounting pin 122 are assembled, as shown in Figs. the thin edge 154 in the horn of the tail 136, as marked at 158 in Fig. 18. However, even without the degree 156, the thin edge 154 will normally be split in the horn of the tail 136 at the assembly pin 122 and the rivet 124.

I fig. 20-23 pa ritningarna visas en rOrnit 160, innefattande en hylsa 162 med en nos 164 och ett .satthuvud 166 i sina motsatta andar. Hornen 168 i ett i hylsan 162 upptaget polygonalt hal 170, som ansluter sig till ctt genom huvudet 166 gaende runt hal 172, stracka sig fran nosen 164 huvudsakligen till satthuvudet 166 men sluta foretradesvis ett kort stycke fore detta. Figures 20-23 of the drawings show a sleeve 160, comprising a sleeve 162 with a nose 164 and a set head 166 in their opposite spirits. The horns 168 of a polygonal hall 170 received in the sleeve 162, which adjoins the ctt through the head 166 going around the hall 172, extend from the nose 164 mainly to the set head 166 but preferably end a short distance before it.

Nosen 164 ãr utvandigt avfasad, sasom visas vid 174, och innan rOrniten 160 sattes samman med ett infastningsstift 122 for infastning av densamma, for-klyves nosen 164 i andarna av de langsgaende h8rnen 168. Hacken aro betecknade med 176 och aro likadana som hacken 158 i rorniten 124 enligt fig. 17-19. I stallet for att bildas medelst infastningsstiftet 122, bildas emellertid hacken 176 medeW ett larnpligt verktyg under tillverkningen, exempelvis verktyget 178 i fig. 21. Verktyget 178, vilket kan ha olika andra former an den visade, ar anordnat med en konisk yta 180, vilken brin gas i anliggning mot hylsans 162 invandiga yta i nosen 164 for att bilda hacken 176 pa ungefar samma salt som da. stiftet 122 bildar hacken 158 i rorniten enligt fig. 17-19. The nose 164 is externally chamfered, as shown at 174, and before the sleeve 160 is assembled with a fastening pin 122 for fastening the same, the nose 164 is split in the spirits of the longitudinal corners 168. The notch is denoted by 176 and is the same as the notch 158 in the rornite 124 according to Figs. 17-19. Instead of being formed by means of the fastening pin 122, however, the notch 176 is formed with a mandatory tool during manufacture, for example the tool 178 in Fig. 21. The tool 178, which may have various other shapes than the one shown, is provided with a conical surface 180, which burn gas in abutment with the inner surface of the sleeve 162 in the nose 164 to form the notch 176 on approximately the same salt as then. the pin 122 forms the notch 158 in the rornite according to Figs. 17-19.

I fig. 24-27 -visas en rOrnit 190, vilken ar huvudsakligen identisk med rorniten 160, sa att samma hanvisningsnummer komma att anvandas for att beteckna dess olika komponenter. ROrnitens 190 nos 164 är fOrkluven i andarna av de langsgaende hornen 168, och hacken aro betecknade med 192. I detta fall bildas hacken 192 medelst ett skarande verktyg 194, vilket liar en korsformig skarande kant 196, som ar avsedd att bringas mittfor hOrnens 168 nosandar och att tryckas in i nosen 164 for att bilda hacken 192. Verktyget 194 visas schematiskt med en plan korsformig, skarande kant 196, men det dr givet, att en sadan korsformig skarande kant kan vara utformad pa ett koniskt verktyg, sd att den korsformiga skarande kanten konar .av mot sitt centrum. I detta fall kommer verktyget att for-klyva nitens 190 nos 164 djupare vid den invandiga ytan pa niten an vid dermas utvandiga yta. Figs. 24-27 show a tube 190, which is substantially identical to the tube 160, so that the same reference numerals will be used to denote its various components. The nose 164 of the tube 190 is split in the spirits by the longitudinal horns 168, and the notch is denoted by 192. In this case, the notch 192 is formed by a cutting tool 194, which has a cruciform cutting edge 196, which is intended to be brought opposite the nose ends of the 168 horns. and to be pressed into the nose 164 to form the notch 192. The tool 194 is shown schematically with a flat cross-shaped, cutting edge 196, but it is provided that such a cross-shaped cutting edge may be formed on a conical tool, so that the cross-shaped cutting edge edge kind .of towards its center. In this case, the tool will split the rivet 190 nose 164 deeper at the inner surface of the rivet than at its outer surface.

Fig. 28 och 29 visa en rOrnit 200, vilken ãr lik rorniten 160, sa att identiska nummer ha anvants fOr all beteckna motsvarande komponenter. Den enda skillnaden mellan niten 200 och niten 160 ar, att nitens 200 nos 164 befinner sig i ett plan, som är vinkelratt mot nitens axel, i stallet for att vara utvandigt avfasad. Ett verktyg 202, vilket liknar verktyget 194, anvandes till for-klyvning av nitens 200 nos 164 i nosandarna av hornen 168 i niten. De uppstaende hacken Oro betecknade med 204. Figs. 28 and 29 show a ronnit 200, which is similar to rornit 160, so that identical numbers have been used for all denoting corresponding components. The only difference between the rivet 200 and the rivet 160 is that the nose 164 of the rivet 200 is located in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the rivet, in the stable to be externally chamfered. A tool 202, similar to the tool 194, was used to pre-cleave the nose 164 of the rivet 200 in the nose ends of the horns 168 of the rivet. The rising hack Oro denoted by 204.

Det Or givet, att de olika alternativa utforanden av rorniten, som beskrivits i det f oregaende, framstallas och fun.gera ph huvudsakligen samma satt som rorniten 24, varfOr flagon ytterligare beskrivning joke Or nalvandig. It is a given that the various alternative embodiments of the rornite, described above, are produced and function substantially the same as the rornite 24, for which reason the further description joke Or nalvandig.

Ehuru som exempel valda utforanden av uppfinningen liar ha beskrivits i belysande syfte, Or det givet, att olika andringar, modifikationer och substitutioner kunna goras vid dessa utforanden utan frangaende av uppfinningstanken, sadan denna definieras i bifogade patentansprak. Although exemplary embodiments of the invention have been described for illustrative purposes, it is to be understood that various changes, modifications and substitutions may be made to these embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

Patent claim: I. Rivet set, comprising a rivet (24) with set cap (30) and a fastening pin (22) insertable into the rivet rivet with a rivet widening means (44) which can be attached to the runnite end head (28) for expanding the rivet shaft (26) during splitting of the same to tabs (90), may be characterized in that the rivet cross section of the rivet shaft (36) is or round and has the shape of a mfinghorn, preferably a quadrilateral, with circumferentially distributed longitudinal horns (38), which Oro directed radially outwards towards the outside of the rivet shaft.

Rivet set according to patent claim 1, characterized in that the horns (38) formed by the inner transverse section of the rivet shank (36) end radially inside the outer surface of the rivet shaft.

Rivet set according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the tube (24) inside the set head (30) has a half portion (40) with a circular internal cross-sectional shape.

Rivet set according to patent claim 3, Urine-drawn claray, that the fastening pin (22) has a shaft portion (48) arranged for engagement with the internally circular half portion (24) of the rornite (24).

Rivet set according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the end head (128) of the rornite (124) is facade at (152).

A rivet set according to claim 5, characterized in that the bevel (152) of the end head end (128) is arranged on the outside of the mandrel (124).

Rivet set according to patent claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the fastening pin (22) has a front engagement with the bevelled end head (128) and pre-splitting of this arranged shaft portion (48).

Rivet set according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the rivet shaft (162) is split (at 176 and 192) in the end head (161) in the horns (168) formed by the inner transverse section of the rivet shaft. andar.

8. A method for manufacturing a rornite from a material rod according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that one of the ends of the rod is pressed into an axially orange hall whose transverse section forms circumferentially distributed longitudinal horns which are directed radially outwards towards the outside of the rod, oeh that the other spirit of the rod is sprained to form a set head.

9. A method according to claim 9, characterized in that from the said second spirit an circular hole is accommodated in connection with the non-round tail.

10. A method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the round hole with longitudinal horns is provided by pressing a polygonal slide in the rod.

11. A method according to any one of patent claims 9-11, kanneteeknat & ray, in that a plurality of radial grooves are received in the said second Auden, after the polygonal tail has been pressed therein, wherein at least some of these radial grooves are located adjacent to the silt of the longitudinal horn of the polygonal tail . Request publications: Patentskrifter! Ran Sverige 187 685; Germany 1,035,410.