SE1951283A1 - Arrangement and method for detecting malfunction in a battery - Google Patents

Arrangement and method for detecting malfunction in a battery

Info

Publication number
SE1951283A1
SE1951283A1 SE1951283A SE1951283A SE1951283A1 SE 1951283 A1 SE1951283 A1 SE 1951283A1 SE 1951283 A SE1951283 A SE 1951283A SE 1951283 A SE1951283 A SE 1951283A SE 1951283 A1 SE1951283 A1 SE 1951283A1
Authority
SE
Sweden
Prior art keywords
flight
battery assembly
time
enclosure
predeterrnined
Prior art date
Application number
SE1951283A
Other versions
SE544643C2 (en
Inventor
Erik Cardelius
Original Assignee
Northvolt Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Northvolt Ab filed Critical Northvolt Ab
Priority to SE1951283A priority Critical patent/SE544643C2/en
Priority to PCT/EP2020/081137 priority patent/WO2021089700A1/en
Publication of SE1951283A1 publication Critical patent/SE1951283A1/en
Publication of SE544643C2 publication Critical patent/SE544643C2/en

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
    • G01N29/4409—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor by comparison
    • G01N29/4436—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor by comparison with a reference signal
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/02—Analysing fluids
    • G01N29/024—Analysing fluids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/222—Constructional or flow details for analysing fluids
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/24—Probes
    • G01N29/2406—Electrostatic or capacitive probes, e.g. electret or cMUT-probes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/24—Probes
    • G01N29/2437—Piezoelectric probes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/32—Arrangements for suppressing undesired influences, e.g. temperature or pressure variations, compensating for signal noise
    • G01N29/326—Arrangements for suppressing undesired influences, e.g. temperature or pressure variations, compensating for signal noise compensating for temperature variations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
    • G01N29/4409—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor by comparison
    • G01N29/4427—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor by comparison with stored values, e.g. threshold values
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
    • G01N29/449—Statistical methods not provided for in G01N29/4409, e.g. averaging, smoothing and interpolation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4228—Leak testing of cells or batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/488—Cells or batteries combined with indicating means for external visualization of the condition, e.g. by change of colour or of light density
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/01—Indexing codes associated with the measuring variable
    • G01N2291/011—Velocity or travel time
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
    • G01N2291/021—Gases
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
    • G01N2291/025—Change of phase or condition
    • G01N2291/0258—Structural degradation, e.g. fatigue of composites, ageing of oils
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
    • G01N2291/028—Material parameters
    • G01N2291/02809—Concentration of a compound, e.g. measured by a surface mass change
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/04—Wave modes and trajectories
    • G01N2291/045—External reflections, e.g. on reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/10—Number of transducers
    • G01N2291/101—Number of transducers one transducer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/10—Number of transducers
    • G01N2291/102—Number of transducers one emitter, one receiver
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/26—Scanned objects
    • G01N2291/269—Various geometry objects
    • G01N2291/2697—Wafer or (micro)electronic parts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Probability & Statistics with Applications (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)

Abstract

A sensor arrangement (10) for detecting malfunction in a battery assembly (20), the sensor arrangement (10) comprising: an enclosure (100) delimiting a space (110) and arranged to receive gas released from the battery assembly (20); means (200) for measuring the timeof-flight of an acoustic wave in gas present in the enclosure (100); and processing means (300) configured to receive the time-of-flight measurements and compare the measured time-of-flight with at least one reference value for the time-of-flight corresponding to a normal operating condition of the battery assembly (20), wherein the processing means (300) is further configured to generate a signal indicating malfunction of the battery assembly (20) if the measured time-of-flight deviates from the at least one reference value for the time-of-flight. In a second aspect, a method for detecting malfunction in a battery assembly is provided.

Description

DESCRIPTIONTitle of Invention: ARRANGEMENT AND METHOD FOR DETECTING MALFUNCTION IN ABATTERY Technical field [000l] The present invention relates generally to a sensor arrangement and methodfor detecting gas in a battery assembly, more specifically for the purpose of detecting malfunction in the battery assembly.
Background Art 2. 2. id="p-2" id="p-2"
[0002] When handled improperly, or if manufactured defectively, some types ofrechargeable batteries can malfunction and experience therrnal runaWay, resulting inoverheating. Gas is then released from the battery cell as it heats up, also knoWn as off-gassing or venting. Sealed battery cells Will sometimes explode violently if safety vents areoverwhelmed or nonfunctional. Especially prone to therrnal runaWay are lithium-ion batteries. 3. 3. id="p-3" id="p-3"
[0003] HoWever, if the gas is detected in time, a shutdoWn of the battery cell can becarried out. If the shutdoWn is done early, this may prevent the battery cell from going intofull therrnal runaWay. When a cell failure has been detected, the battery pack modulecontaining the cell should be perrnanently shut off and replaced because of the risk of degraded adjacent cells. 4. 4. id="p-4" id="p-4"
[0004] One Way of detecting a malfunctioning battery cell is to analyze the gasreleased from the cell to identify certain types of gas Which are indicative of therrnalrunaway or even fire, such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide etc., by meansof gas sensors based on e. g. solid oxide fuel cells. Examples of such devices are disclosed e.g. in US 2018/003685. . . id="p-5" id="p-5"
[0005] HoWever, the known sensors are sensitive to specific gases, some of Whichare norrnally present in the ambient surrounding. A reference sensor outside of the batterypack is used to compensate for the effect. In an underground mining application this could be problematic since the mine truck could be exposed to rapidly varying surrounding gas compositions when going in and out of a mine. This could lead to nuisance alarm events.
Furthermore, the known sensors are prohibitively expensive for many applications. 6. 6. id="p-6" id="p-6"
[0006] Thus, there is a need for improved devices and methods for detectingmalfunction in a battery which are less expensive and may be applied in a broad range of situations.
Summary of Invention 7. 7. id="p-7" id="p-7"
[0007] An object of the present invention is to provide a solution which achievesthese advantages. This object is achieved in a first aspect of the invention, in which there isprovided a sensor arrangement for detecting malfunction in a battery assembly, the sensorarrangement comprising: an enclosure delimiting a space and arranged to receive gasreleased from the battery assembly; means for measuring the time-of-flight of an acousticwave in gas present in the enclosure; and processing means configured to receive the time-of-flight measurements and compare the measured time-of-flight with at least onereference value for the time-of-flight corresponding to a normal operating condition of thebattery assembly, wherein the processing means is further configured to generate a signalindicating malfunction of the battery assembly if the measured time-of-flight deviates from the at least one reference value for the time-of-flight. 8. 8. id="p-8" id="p-8"
[0008] By measuring the time-of-flight of an acoustic wave in the gas present in theenclosure, the present invention uses the relation between the speed of sound in a gas onthe one hand, and the temperature and composition of the gas on the other hand. Changesin either the temperature or composition of the gas emanating from the battery assembly,which indicate possible therrnal runaway, may thereby be detected and used to generate asignal indicating malfunction of the battery assembly. Advantageously, the presentinvention provides reliable, accurate and early detection of malfunction of a batteryassembly, using a simple and inexpensive sensor arrangement. In the case of multiplebattery assemblies in a larger module, pack or system, one sensor arrangement could beprovided for each battery assembly of the system to enable accurate pinpointing of batterymalfunction at low cost and low complexity. A further advantage is that the sensorarrangement according to the present invention is sensitive to any gas which differs inmolar mass from the norrnally present gas, as well as temperature changes independent of changes in gas composition. Hence, a battery malfunction which does not generate off- gassing but only heat could be detected by the sensor arrangement according to the present inVention. 9. 9. id="p-9" id="p-9"
[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the processing means is configured to use apredeterrnined time-of-flight interVal corresponding to a norrnal operating condition of thebattery assembly as the at least one reference Value for the time-of-flight, and Wherein theprocessing means is further configured to generate the signal indicating malfunction of thebattery assembly if the measured time-of-flight falls outside the predeterrnined interVal. Bycomparing the measured time-of-flight to a predeterrnined interVal, a large deViation of themeasured time-of-flight outside the expected reference Value defined by the predeterrninedinterVal can easily and quickly be ascertained to indicate malfunction of the battery assembly. . . id="p-10" id="p-10"
[0010] In a further preferred embodiment, the sensor arrangement comprises atemperature sensor arranged to measure the temperature Within the enclosure, Wherein theprocessing means is further conf1gured to adjust the predeterrnined time-of-flight intervalbased on the measured temperature to compensate for changes in temperature. By using atemperature sensor, changes in the ambient temperature may be accounted for to adjust thepredeterrnined interVal corresponding to normal operating conditions of the battery assembly. [00l l] In an altemative embodiment, the processing means is further conf1gured toloW-pass filter the measured time-of-flight at a first cut-off to establish a baseline Valuecorresponding to a normal operating condition of the battery assembly, and to low-passfilter the measured time-of-flight at a second cut-off higher than the first cut-off toestablish a f1ltered measurement Value and Wherein the processing means is furtherconf1gured to generate the signal indicating malfunction of the battery assembly if thef1ltered measurement Value exceeds or falls below the baseline Value by more than a firstpredeterrnined threshold. By loW-pass f1ltering the measured time-of-flight, only slowchanges in ambient temperature or gas composition in the environment Where the sensorarrangement is placed affects the baseline value, Whereas rapid changes are filtered out.The resulting effect is that the reference Value for the time-of-flight used in comparison isadjusted to account for normal changes in ambient temperature and gas composition, thusmaking the detection more robust and adaptable to actual conditions in the environment of the battery assembly. 12. 12. id="p-12" id="p-12"
[0012] In an advantageous embodiment, the processing means is further configuredto calculate the derivative of the measured time-of-flight, and wherein the processingmeans is further conf1gured to generate the signal indicating malfunction of the batteryassembly if the calculated derivative of the measured time-of-flight exceeds or falls belowa second predeterrnined threshold. By using the derivative of the measured time-of-flight,rapid or sudden changes of the time-of-flight, which may be considered to indicate batterycell venting, are quickly detected even if the measure time-of-flight lies within an interval corresponding to normal operating conditions of the battery assembly. 13. 13. id="p-13" id="p-13"
[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the means for measuring the time-of-flight of theacoustic wave comprises an ultrasonic transducer arranged in the enclosure and conf1guredto transmit and receive an ultrasonic wave along an acoustic path within the enclosure.Preferably, the ultrasonic transducer comprises a piezoelectric element or a capacitivemicromachined ultrasonic transducer, CMUT. The use of an ultrasonic transducer achieves a reliable and inexpensive sensor arrangement. 14. 14. id="p-14" id="p-14"
[0014] In a further preferred embodiment, the enclosure comprises a casing arrangedto be mounted on or near the battery assembly, wherein the ultrasonic transducer isarranged in the casing such that the acoustic path of the ultrasonic wave is disposedbetween two opposing surfaces separated by a predeterrnined distance. Preferably, a fixedsurface of the battery assembly is used as one of the opposing surfaces. By using a fixedsurface in the mechanical structure of the battery assembly, for instance as a reflectingsurface for the acoustic wave, the sensor arrangement may be used to detect changes in themeasured time-of-flight caused by changes of the acoustic path, e.g. rising liquid level, opening of a hatch or lid, any moving object blocking the acoustic path etc. . . id="p-15" id="p-15"
[0015] In an advantageous embodiment, the sensor arrangement, further comprises astructure arranged to be positioned on or near the battery assembly in order to direct gasreleased from the battery assembly towards the enclosure. The gas directing structureensures that any gas emanating from the battery assembly, e.g. as a result of cell venting, enters into the enclosure for measurement. 16. 16. id="p-16" id="p-16"
[0016] In an altemative embodiment, the sensor arrangement further comprises atemperature sensor arranged to measure the temperature within the enclosure, wherein the processing means is further configured to determine whether the measured temperature lies Within a predeterrnined temperature range corresponding to a norrnal operating conditionof the battery assembly, and to generate a signal indicating malfunction of the batteryassembly if the measured temperature falls outside the predeterrnined temperature range.By using a temperature sensor, changes in the ambient temperature may be accounted forto adjust the predeterrnined interval corresponding to normal operating conditions of the battery assembly. 17. 17. id="p-17" id="p-17"
[0017] In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a batterymanagement system, BMS, comprising at least one battery assembly connected thereto,and at least one sensor arrangement for detecting malfunction in a battery assemblyaccording to any one of the preceding claims arranged in the vicinity of the respective atleast one battery assembly in such a Way that gas released from the at least one batteryassembly enters into the enclosure of the at least one sensor arrangement. Preferably, theBMS is configured to shut down the at least one connected battery assembly in response to receiving a signal indicating malfunction of the at least one battery assembly. 18. 18. id="p-18" id="p-18"
[0018] In a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of detecting malfunction in a battery assembly, the method comprising the steps of: (i) providing an enclosure delimiting a space and arranging the enclosure in thevicinity of the battery assembly in such a Way that gas released from the battery assembly enters into the enclosure; (ii) measuring the time-of-flight of an acoustic Wave in gas present Within the enclosure by means of an acoustic velocity meter; (iii) comparing the measured time-of-flight With at least one reference value for thetime-of-flight corresponding to a normal operating condition of the battery assembly; and (iv) generating a signal indicating malfunction of the battery assembly if the measured time-of-flight deviates from the at least one reference value for the time-of-flight. 19. 19. id="p-19" id="p-19"
[0019] In a preferred embodiment, a predeterrnined interval corresponding to anormal operating condition of the battery assembly is used as the at least one referencevalue for the time-of-flight, and Wherein the signal indicating malfunction of the battery assembly is generated if the measured time-of-flight falls outside the predeterrnined interVal. Preferably, the method further comprises measuring the temperature within theenclosure and adjusting the predeterrnined time-of-flight interval based on the measured temperature to compensate for changes in temperature. . . id="p-20" id="p-20"
[0020] In an advantageous embodiment, the method further comprises low-passf1ltering the measured time-of-flight to establish a baseline Value corresponding to anormal operating condition of the battery assembly, and wherein the signal indicatingmalfunction of the battery assembly is generated if the measured time-of-flight exceeds or falls below the baseline Value by more than a first predeterrnined threshold. [002l] In an altemative embodiment, the method further comprises calculating thederiVatiVe of the measured time-of-flight, and wherein the signal indicating malfunction ofthe battery assembly is generated if the calculated deriVatiVe of the measured time-of-flight exceeds or falls below a second predeterrnined threshold. 22. 22. id="p-22" id="p-22"
[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the method further comprises measuring thetemperature in the enclosure, deterrnining whether the measured temperature lies within apredeterrnined temperature range corresponding to a normal operating condition of thebattery assembly, and generating a signal indicating malfunction of the battery assembly if the measured temperature falls outside the predeterrnined temperature range. 23. 23. id="p-23" id="p-23"
[0023] In an adVantageous embodiment, the method further comprises shutting downthe battery assembly in response to generation of the signal indicating malfunction of the battery assembly. 24. 24. id="p-24" id="p-24"
[0024] In an altemative embodiment, the time-of-flight is measured continuously orinterrnittently. Continuous measurement (i.e. the “sing-around” method) is preferably usedfor the case with separate transmitter and receiver for the acoustic wave and ensures thatany changes in time-of-flight are detected quickly. Furthermore, the requirements on thecomponents are lower since attenuation of the transmission signal before reception of thereflected signal at the transceiver is not needed. Altematively, interrnittent measurement atregular time intervals may be used in order to reduce energy consumption whilstmaintaining efficient detection. In practice, the interrnittent method achieves substantiallycontinuous measurement since the repetition frequency may be set high in relation to the expected changes in time-of-flight.
Brief Description of Drawings . . id="p-25" id="p-25"
[0025] The invention is now described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. l shows a schematic View of a sensor arrangement according to one embodiment ofthe present inVention; andFig. 2 shows a graph of measured and processed time-of-flight values Vs. time to illustrate the principles underlying the present inVention.
Description of Embodiments 26. 26. id="p-26" id="p-26"
[0026] In the following, a detailed description of a sensor arrangement and methodfor detecting malfunction in a battery according to the present invention is presented. In thedrawing figures, like reference numerals designate identical or corresponding elementsthroughout the several figures. It will be appreciated that these figures are for illustration only and are not in any way restricting the scope of the invention. 27. 27. id="p-27" id="p-27"
[0027] The present invention utilizes the premise that any gas released from the cellscan be detected by analyzing the speed of sound in the gas. The speed of sound in a gas isdependent on both the gas composition and the temperature of the gas. For an ideal gas, the speed of sound cideai is given by the equation: i Pcideal: where y is the adiabatic index also known as the isentropic expansion factor, p is thepressure and p is the density of the gas. Using the ideal gas law to replace p with nRT / V, and replacing p with nM/ V, the equation for an ideal gas becomes: ideal y p M m where R is the molar gas constant (approximately 8.314,5 J - molTl - KTI), k is the Boltzmann constant, T is the absolute temperature, M is the molar mass of the gas, n is the number of moles and m is the mass of a single molecule. 28. 28. id="p-28" id="p-28"
[0028] At room temperature, where therrnal energy is fully partitioned into rotation(rotations are fully excited) but quantum effects prevent excitation of vibrational modes,the value of y is 7/5 = 1.400 for diatomic molecules, according to kinetic theory. y isactually experimentally measured over a range from 1.399,1 to 1.403 at 0 °C, for air. y isexactly 5/3 = 1.6667 for monatomic gases such as noble gases and it is approximately 1.3 for triatomic molecule gases. The mean molar mass for dry air is about 00289645 kg/mol. 29. 29. id="p-29" id="p-29"
[0029] The speed of sound in a gas is calculated with the above forrnula. As can beseen, the speed of sound is in practice only dependent on the temperature and the molarmass of the gas. In the context of the present invention, the distance travelled by anacoustic wave transmitted through the gas may be unknown but constant, hence time-of- flight may be used as a relative measurement of the speed of sound. . . id="p-30" id="p-30"
[0030] The gases that may be released from a lithium-ion cell differs in terms ofmolar mass compared to the air norrnally present on the outside of the battery cell. Thedetection of the off-gas can be done without knowing exactly what specific gas to look for.Any deviation in the speed of sound compared to the normal surrounding air can be considered to be caused by an off-gassing event in a cell. 31. 31. id="p-31" id="p-31"
[0031] The off-gases are norrnally hot when released from the cell. A sudden changeof the temperature of the analyzed gas will also be detected as a sudden change of the measured time-of-flight. 32. 32. id="p-32" id="p-32"
[0032] Referring now to Fig. 1, there is shown a sensor arrangement 10 for detectingmalfunction in a battery assembly 20 according to one exemplary embodiment of thepresent invention. The sensor arrangement 10 may of course be different from the oneshown, comprising fewer or more components. The battery assembly 20 may comprise anytype, number and/or arrangement of individual or multiple battery cells 25, modules orpacks. The sensor arrangement 10 comprises an enclosure 100 delimiting a space 110 andis arranged to receive gas from a battery assembly 20. To that end, the enclosure 100comprises one or more walls and at least one opening which is arranged in the exhaust pathof the battery assembly 20, i.e. facing towards the battery assembly 20 such that any off-gas released from the battery cells 25 in case of cell venting enters into the enclosure 100,as shown by the dashed arrow. In Fig. 1, the enclosure 100 is shown as a separate structure arranged above the battery assembly 20. Altematively, the enclosure 100 may be integrally formed with or mounted directly on the battery assembly 20 and even use a fixed surfaceof the battery assembly 20 as one of the walls of the enclosure 100, as will be furtherexplained below. An alternative placement would be in a battery pack enclosure whichcontains multiple battery modules. In both cases the enclosure l00 is exposed to any gasesvented from the cells in the pack. In one embodiment, the enclosure l00 is formed bymeans of a casing or bracket including f1ttings or holes for mounting additional components of the sensor arrangement l0. 33. 33. id="p-33" id="p-33"
[0033] Arranged within the enclosure l00, there is provided means 200 formeasuring the time-of-flight of an acoustic wave or pulse in the gas present in theenclosure l00. In one embodiment, the means 200 for measuring the time-of-flightcomprises an ultrasonic transducer 200 configured to transmit and receive an ultrasonicwave or pulse along an acoustic path within the enclosure l00, as shown by the solidarrows in Fig. l. In the context of the present invention, the term “transducer 200” isunderstood to include both transmitters and receivers as separate components, as well astransceivers which both transmit and receive ultrasound. In the former case, the transmitterand receiver are arranged on opposite walls of the enclosure l00 to define the acoustic pathbetween them, whereas in the latter case, the transceiver is arranged on one wall of theenclosure l00 and the transmitted ultrasonic wave or pulse is reflected off an oppositesurface l20 of the enclosure l00 and back towards the transceiver, as shown in Fig. l. Byusing ultrasound, the speed of sound can be measured with high resolution through theproxy of time-of-flight measurement. In one embodiment, the ultrasonic transducer 200comprises a piezoelectric element or a capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer,CMUT, and the sensor arrangement l0 comprises a drive circuit 3 l0 for generating a burstof ultrasonic pulses which travels to the other side of enclosure l00 and bounces back to the ultrasonic transducer 200. 34. 34. id="p-34" id="p-34"
[0034] The sensor arrangement l0 further comprises processing means, e.g. a centralprocessing unit, CPU 300, which receives or perforrns the time-of-flight measurements bycommunicating with or controlling the ultrasonic transducer 200. The CPU 300 is furtherconfigured to determine whether there is a malfunction in the battery assembly 20 bycomparing the measured time-of-flight with at least one reference value for the time-of-flight corresponding to a normal operating condition of the battery assembly 20. Any large and/or sudden changes of the measured time-of-flight can be considered an indication of cell venting, which in turn may be evidence of battery malfunction. Hence, if the measuredtime-of-flight deviates from the at least one reference value for the time-of-flight, the CPU300 interprets this as an indication of battery malfunction and generates a signal indicating malfunction of the battery assembly 20. . . id="p-35" id="p-35"
[0035] The reference value for the time-of-flight may be predeterrnined based onexpected parameters which determine the speed of sound, i.e. the gas composition andtemperature within the enclosure l00 and the environment surrounding the batteryassembly 20. In other embodiments, the reference value for the time-of-flight may beupdated or adjusted in response to changes which do not stem from battery malfunction but are caused by changes in the surrounding environment. 36. 36. id="p-36" id="p-36"
[0036] Referring now to Fig. 2, the raw value of the measured time-of-flight overtime is shown as a dashed line. In a first example, the reference value for the time-of-flightis defined as an interval with fixed limits represented by the horizontal dashed lines in Fig.2. If the measured time-of-flight falls outside the predeterrnined time-of-flight interval, thisis interpreted as a cell venting event and in response, the CPU 300 generates the batterymalfunction signal. In Fig. 2, the raw value of the measured time-of-flight is seen toincrease over time which indicates that the speed of sound in the gas within the enclosure100 decreases, presumably caused by a change in the gas composition and/or temperature.After a certain amount of time, the measured time-of-flight exceeds the upper fixed limit ofthe predeterrnined interval, which triggers the battery malfunction signal from the CPU 300 as explained above. [003 7] In a second example, the time-of-flight measurement is low-pass filtered toestablish a baseline value A, shown as a solid line in Fig. 2, to be used as a reference valuefor the time-of-flight. The low-pass filter provides a smooth signal, removing short-terrnfluctuations and leaving a longer-terrn trend. Any normal changes in ambient temperatureor changes in gas composition in the environment where the sensor is situated areconsidered to be slow changes that would change the baseline value A, whereas rapidchanges are attenuated. The baseline value A is then compared to a second low-passfiltered measurement value B, shown as a dash-dotted line in Fig. 2. The second cut-off ischosen higher than the first cut-off for the baseline value A, such that more rapid changesof the time-of-flight measurement are included in the filtered measurement value B. Any difference between values A and B above a first predeterrnined threshold C would indicate 11 venting or off-gassing. In Fig. 2, it may be seen that the filtered measurement value Bincreases more rapidly than the baseline value A over time, even as both values rise due tochanges in the gas composition and/or temperature within the enclosure 100. After acertain amount of time, the difference between values B and A exceeds the firstpredeterrnined threshold C, which triggers the battery malfunction signal from the CPU300 as explained above. In one embodiment, the second cut-off may be chosen so high thatthe filtered measurement value B effectively equals the raw measurement value of thetime-of-flight measurement, i.e. substantially all changes of the time-of-flight measurement are included. 38. 38. id="p-38" id="p-38"
[0038] Variants of the above algorithm are possible. For example, if the derivative ofthe raw value of the measured time-of-flight and/or of the low-pass filtered measurementvalue B is larger than a second predeterrnined threshold value it would indicate a venting event and trigger the battery malfunction signal from the CPU 300 as explained above. [003 9] In an altemative configuration a temperature sensor 400 could be added tocompensate for any changes in gas temperature, e. g. due to changes in the surroundingenvironment. In Fig. 1, a temperature sensor 400 is provided in or near the enclosure 100to measure the temperature therein. The temperature measurements is received by the CPU300 and used to adjust the predeterrnined time-of-flight interval in order to account fortemperature changes not deriving from the battery assembly 20. The sensor arrangement10 would then only be sensitive to changes in gas composition. Altematively, thetemperature sensor 400 could be used to directly detect any large and/or rapid temperaturechanges indicative of battery malfunction independently or together with the time-of-flight measurement and trigger generation of the signal. 40. 40. id="p-40" id="p-40"
[0040] In one embodiment, the sensor arrangement 10 further comprises a structure130 arranged to guide or direct any gas released from the battery assembly 20, in case ofventing or normal operation, towards the enclosure 100. The gas directing structure 130may include fins or panels in the exhaust path on or near the battery assembly 20, as shownin Fig. 1. Thereby, it is assured that the gases released from the battery assembly 20 reaches the enclosure 100 for detection instead of leaking out undetected. 41. 41. id="p-41" id="p-41"
[0041] As mentioned above, in the case of an ultrasonic transducer 200 in a single component (i.e. a transceiver), the ultrasonic wave or pulse is transmitted through the gas 12 in the enclosure 100 and reflected back off an opposing surface 120. The reflecting surface120 of the enclosure 100 could be any fixed surface in the mechanical structure of thebattery assembly 20, module or pack. It could be possible to define a second function of the sensor arrangement 10, for example: - If the bottom surface of a liquid cooled battery assembly is used as a reflectingsurface, a detection of a liquid leakage could be done. A rising liquid level Wouldthen decrease the fixed length of the acoustic path in the enclosure 100, changing the measured time-of-flight.- If a lid or hatch is used as a reflecting structure, any opening of it could be detected.- Any moving object blocking the path of the acoustic Wave could be detected. 42. 42. id="p-42" id="p-42"
[0042] In a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a batterymanagement system, BMS, 30 for monitoring one or more battery assemblies 20 connectedthereto. To that end, the BMS 30 comprises at least one sensor arrangement 10 arranged inthe vicinity of the respective at least one battery assembly 20 in such a Way that gasreleased from the at least one battery assembly 20 enters into the enclosure 100 of the atleast one sensor arrangement. In the case of the BMS 30 being connected to andcontrolling a plurality of battery assemblies 20, one sensor arrangement 10 could beprovided for each battery assembly 20 or for groups of battery assemblies 20, or acombination thereof. The BMS 30 is shown in Fig. l as being connected to andcommunicating With the CPU 300 to receive the signal indicating malfunction of the atleast one battery assembly 20. Altematively, the CPU 300 is incorporated in the electroniccircuitry of the BMS 30 to control the sensor arrangement 10 directly. 43. 43. id="p-43" id="p-43"
[0043] In case of battery malfunction being indicated by means of the sensorarrangement, the BMS 30 is further configured to shut down the at least one connectedbattery assembly 20. Thereby the sensor arrangement 10 provides the possibility ofpreventing potential damage caused by therrnal runaWay in one or more battery cells 25 in one or more battery assemblies 20. 44. 44. id="p-44" id="p-44"
[0044] Preferred embodiments of a sensor arrangement and method for detecting malfunction in a battery assembly have been disclosed above. HoWever, the person skilled 13 in the art rea1ises that this can be Varied Within the scope of the appended c1aims Without departing from the inventive idea. 45. 45. id="p-45" id="p-45"
[0045] A11 the described alternative embodiments above or parts of an embodimentcan be freely combined or employed separately from each other Without departing from the inventive idea as long as the combination is not contradictory.

Claims (21)

1. A sensor arrangement (10) for detecting malfunction in a battery assembly (20), the sensor arrangement (10) comprising: (i) an enclosure (100) delimiting a space (110) and arranged to receive gas released from the battery assembly (20); (ii) means (200) for measuring the time-of-flight of an acoustic Wave in gas present in the enclosure (100); and (iii) processing means (3 00) configured to receive the time-of-flight measurementsand compare the measured time-of-flight With at least one reference Value forthe time-of-flight corresponding to a normal operating condition of the batteryassembly (20), Wherein the processing means (3 00) is further configured togenerate a signal indicating malfunction of the battery assembly (20) if themeasured time-of-flight deViates from the at least one reference Value for the time-of-flight.
2. The sensor arrangement (10) according to claim 1, Wherein the processingmeans (3 00) is configured to use a predeterrnined time-of-flight interval corresponding to anormal operating condition of the battery assembly (20) as the at least one reference Valuefor the time-of-flight, and Wherein the processing means (300) is further configured togenerate the signal indicating malfunction of the battery assembly (20) if the measured time-of-flight falls outside the predeterrnined interVal.
3. The sensor arrangement (10) according to claim 2, further comprising atemperature sensor (400) arranged to measure the temperature Within the enclosure (100),Wherein the processing means (3 00) is further configured to adjust the predeterrnined time-of-flight interval based on the measured temperature to compensate for changes in temperature.
4. The sensor arrangement (10) according to any one of the preceding claims,Wherein the processing means (3 00) is further configured to low-pass filter the measured time-of-flight at a first cut-off to establish a baseline Value (A) corresponding to a normal operating condition of the battery assembly (20), and to low-pass filter the measured time-of-flight at a second cut-off higher than the first cut-off to establish a f1ltered measurementValue (B) and wherein the processing means (300) is further configured to generate thesignal indicating malfunction of the battery assembly (20) if the f1ltered measurementValue (B) exceeds or falls below the baseline Value (A) by more than a first predeterrnined threshold (C).
5. The sensor arrangement (10) according to any one of the preceding claims,wherein the processing means (300) is further configured to calculate the derivative of themeasured time-of-flight, and wherein the processing means (300) is further conf1gured togenerate the signal indicating malfunction of the battery assembly (20) if the calculatedderivative of the measured time-of-flight exceeds or falls below a second predeterrnined threshold.
6. The sensor arrangement (10) according to any one of the preceding claims,wherein the means (200) for measuring the time-of-flight of the acoustic wave comprisesan ultrasonic transducer (200) arranged in the enclosure (100) and configured to transmit and receive an ultrasonic wave along an acoustic path within the enclosure (100).
7. The sensor arrangement (10) according to claim 6, wherein the ultrasonictransducer (200) comprises a piezoelectric element or a capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer, CMUT.
8. The sensor arrangement (10) according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the enclosure(100) comprises a casing arranged to be mounted on or near the battery assembly (20),wherein the ultrasonic transducer (200) is arranged in the casing such that the acoustic pathof the ultrasonic wave is disposed between two opposing surfaces separated by a predeterrnined distance.
9. The sensor arrangement (10) according to claim 8, wherein a fixed surface of the battery assembly (20) is used as one of the opposing surfaces.
10. The sensor arrangement (10) according to any one of the preceding claims,further comprising a structure (130) arranged to be positioned on or near the batteryassembly (20) in order to direct gas released from the battery assembly (20) towards the enclosure (100). 16
11. The sensor arrangement (10) according to any one of the preceding claims,further comprising a temperature sensor (400) arranged to measure the temperature Withinthe enclosure (100), Wherein the processing means (300) is further configured to determineWhether the measured temperature lies Within a predeterrnined temperature rangecorresponding to a normal operating condition of the battery assembly (20), and togenerate a signal indicating malfunction of the battery assembly (20) if the measured temperature falls outside the predeterrnined temperature range.
12. A battery management system, BMS, (3 0) comprising at least one batteryassembly (20) connected thereto, and at least one sensor arrangement (10) for detectingmalfunction in a battery assembly (20) according to any one of the preceding claimsarranged in the Vicinity of the respective at least one battery assembly (20) in such a Waythat gas released from the at least one battery assembly (20) enters into the enclosure (100) of the at least one sensor arrangement (10).
13. The BMS of claim 12, Wherein the BMS is conf1gured to shut doWn the at leastone connected battery assembly (20) in response to receiving a signal indicating malfunction of the at least one battery assembly (20).
14. A method of detecting malfunction in a battery assembly (20), the method comprising the steps of: (V) providing an enclosure (100) delimiting a space and arranging the enclosure (100)in the Vicinity of the battery assembly (20) in such a Way that gas released fromthe battery assembly (20) enters into the enclosure (100); (Vi) measuring the time-of-flight of an acoustic Wave in gas present Within the enclosure (100) by means of an acoustic Velocity meter; (Vii) comparing the measured time-of-flight With at least one reference Value for thetime-of-flight corresponding to a normal operating condition of the battery assembly (20); and (Viii) generating a signal indicating malfunction of the battery assembly (20) if themeasured time-of-flight deViates from the at least one reference Value for the time-of-flight. 17
15. The method according to claim 14, wherein a predeterrnined interValcorresponding to a normal Operating condition of the battery assembly (20) is used as the atleast one reference Value for the time-of-flight, and wherein the signal indicatingmalfunction of the battery assembly (20) is generated if the measured time-of-flight falls outside the predeterrnined interval.
16. The method according to claim 15, further comprising measuring thetemperature within the enclosure (100) and adjusting the predeterrnined time-of-flight interVal based on the measured temperature to compensate for changes in temperature.
17. The method according to claim 15 or 16, further comprising low-pass f1lteringthe measured time-of-flight to establish a baseline Value (A) corresponding to a normaloperating condition of the battery assembly (20), and wherein the signal indicatingmalfunction of the battery assembly (20) is generated if the measured time-of-flight exceeds or falls below the baseline Value (A) by more than a first predeterrnined threshold (C)-
18. The method according to any one of claims 15-17, further comprisingcalculating the deriVatiVe of the measured time-of-flight, and wherein the signal indicatingmalfunction of the battery assembly (20) is generated if the calculated deriVatiVe of the measured time-of-flight exceeds or falls below a second predeterrnined threshold.
19. The method according to any one of claims 15-18, further comprisingmeasuring the temperature in the enclosure (100), deterrnining whether the measuredtemperature lies within a predeterrnined temperature range corresponding to a normaloperating condition of the battery assembly (20), and generating a signal indicatingmalfunction of the battery assembly (20) if the measured temperature falls outside the predeterrnined temperature range.
20. The method according to any one of claims 15-19, further comprising shuttingdown the battery assembly (20) in response to generation of the signal indicating malfunction of the battery assembly (20).
21. The method according to any one of claims 15-20, wherein the time-of-flight is measured continuously or interrnittently.
SE1951283A 2019-11-08 2019-11-08 Arrangement and method for detecting malfunction in a battery SE544643C2 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1951283A SE544643C2 (en) 2019-11-08 2019-11-08 Arrangement and method for detecting malfunction in a battery
PCT/EP2020/081137 WO2021089700A1 (en) 2019-11-08 2020-11-05 Arrangement and method for detecting malfunction in a battery

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1951283A SE544643C2 (en) 2019-11-08 2019-11-08 Arrangement and method for detecting malfunction in a battery

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
SE1951283A1 true SE1951283A1 (en) 2021-05-09
SE544643C2 SE544643C2 (en) 2022-10-04

Family

ID=73138833

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
SE1951283A SE544643C2 (en) 2019-11-08 2019-11-08 Arrangement and method for detecting malfunction in a battery

Country Status (2)

Country Link
SE (1) SE544643C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2021089700A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115184808B (en) * 2022-07-05 2024-06-18 东莞新能安科技有限公司 Battery thermal runaway risk detection method, device, equipment and computer storage medium
KR102556938B1 (en) * 2022-12-22 2023-07-20 주식회사 시큐웍스 Apparatus and method for detecting anomaly of lithium battery

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011004286A1 (en) * 2009-07-07 2011-01-13 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N. V. Multifunction sensor system and method comprising an ultrasonic sensor for supervising room conditions
US20180136053A1 (en) * 2016-11-11 2018-05-17 Kidde Technologies, Inc. Fiber optic based smoke and/or overheat detection and monitoring for aircraft
US20180164383A1 (en) * 2016-12-09 2018-06-14 Feasible, Inc. Nonlinear acoustic resonance spectroscopy (nars) for determining physical conditions of batteries
US20180335413A1 (en) * 2017-05-17 2018-11-22 Astronics Advanced Electronic Systems Corp Storage Bin Volume Sensor with VOC Sensing Safety Feature
CN110095722A (en) * 2019-04-02 2019-08-06 清华大学 Power battery thermal runaway safety integrated evaluating method and system

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE0300848D0 (en) * 2003-03-26 2003-03-26 Siemens Elema Ab Acoustic Analysis of Gas Mixtures
DE102009058783A1 (en) * 2009-12-18 2011-06-22 Continental Automotive GmbH, 30165 Energy storage device
DE102011016527A1 (en) * 2011-04-08 2012-10-11 Daimler Ag Apparatus and method for leak detection of an electrochemical energy storage device
US10877011B2 (en) 2016-06-29 2020-12-29 Nexceris, Llc Systems and methods for monitoring for a gas analyte

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011004286A1 (en) * 2009-07-07 2011-01-13 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N. V. Multifunction sensor system and method comprising an ultrasonic sensor for supervising room conditions
US20180136053A1 (en) * 2016-11-11 2018-05-17 Kidde Technologies, Inc. Fiber optic based smoke and/or overheat detection and monitoring for aircraft
US20180164383A1 (en) * 2016-12-09 2018-06-14 Feasible, Inc. Nonlinear acoustic resonance spectroscopy (nars) for determining physical conditions of batteries
US20180335413A1 (en) * 2017-05-17 2018-11-22 Astronics Advanced Electronic Systems Corp Storage Bin Volume Sensor with VOC Sensing Safety Feature
CN110095722A (en) * 2019-04-02 2019-08-06 清华大学 Power battery thermal runaway safety integrated evaluating method and system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE544643C2 (en) 2022-10-04
WO2021089700A1 (en) 2021-05-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
SE1951283A1 (en) Arrangement and method for detecting malfunction in a battery
US9489777B2 (en) Device for detecting the impact of an object on a vehicle
US7693673B2 (en) Apparatus and method for identifying a defect and/or operating characteristic of a system
US10788458B2 (en) Detection of blockage in a porous member
TWI757358B (en) Apparatus and method for measuring temperature of batteries and internal battery components
US20070109138A1 (en) System and method for detecting leaks in sealed compartments
RU2009139055A (en) METHOD FOR MONITORING AND / OR DETERMINING THE STATE OF THE POWER MEASURING DEVICE AND THE POWER MEASURING DEVICE
CN110206999B (en) Intelligent inspection membrane sealed gas tank and intelligent inspection system for membrane sealed gas tank
JP2003329535A (en) Automatic airtightness detection apparatus for close compartment
CN110044407A (en) It detects the method for electric fault, realize the device and electrical enclosure of this method
US20070112528A1 (en) Leak detection system and method
US20100328067A1 (en) Method and device for determining a leak in a system component and/or for determining a state of a system component
US20120247183A1 (en) Photoacoustic Detector with Acoustic and Vibration Noise Compensation
US7730768B2 (en) System and method for controlling emission of acoustic energy for detecting leaks in vehicles
CN117892247B (en) Natural gas leakage detection system
CN110428574B (en) Smoke detector and smoke detection method thereof
CA1136753A (en) Method and arrangement for measuring the temperature in a combustion chamber or other gas-filled chamber
KR100862558B1 (en) Noise Measurement Apparatus and Noise Measurement Method
KR102176143B1 (en) Boiler safety management device and boiler safety management system including the same
CN110942596A (en) Intelligent instrument for rapidly detecting flammable and explosive dangerous goods for vehicle and use method
CN201615877U (en) Laser gas detector for coalmines
US20220034416A1 (en) System And Method For Detecting Safe Operating Conditions And Maintained Integrity In A Pressure Safety Valve
US20230098609A1 (en) Fire Detection or Early Warning Using Gases
KR100734494B1 (en) Crime prevention system in use of sona senssor
CN114245283B (en) Method and system for testing microphone waterproof by sound