SE1951139A1 - A method of detecting a starter motor failure, an electronic control unit and a vehicle provided therewith - Google Patents

A method of detecting a starter motor failure, an electronic control unit and a vehicle provided therewith

Info

Publication number
SE1951139A1
SE1951139A1 SE1951139A SE1951139A SE1951139A1 SE 1951139 A1 SE1951139 A1 SE 1951139A1 SE 1951139 A SE1951139 A SE 1951139A SE 1951139 A SE1951139 A SE 1951139A SE 1951139 A1 SE1951139 A1 SE 1951139A1
Authority
SE
Sweden
Prior art keywords
starter motor
time
electric
state
expected
Prior art date
Application number
SE1951139A
Other languages
Swedish (sv)
Inventor
Dan Magnusson
Original Assignee
Scania Cv Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Scania Cv Ab filed Critical Scania Cv Ab
Priority to SE1951139A priority Critical patent/SE1951139A1/en
Publication of SE1951139A1 publication Critical patent/SE1951139A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/10—Safety devices
    • F02N11/108—Safety devices for diagnosis of the starter or its components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/087—Details of the switching means in starting circuits, e.g. relays or electronic switches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/22—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
    • F02D41/221—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions relating to the failure of actuators or electrically driven elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/22—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
    • F02D41/222—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions relating to the failure of sensors or parameter detection devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N2200/00—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus
    • F02N2200/04—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus said parameters being related to the starter motor
    • F02N2200/043—Starter voltage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N2200/00—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus
    • F02N2200/04—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus said parameters being related to the starter motor
    • F02N2200/044—Starter current
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

Abstract

A method of detecting a starter motor failure in connection to a startup of an internal combustion engine. The methods comprises predicting an expected system voltage Vref at a time t1 from a time tO of initiating disconnection of the electric connection between the electric system (3) and the starter motor (2), or predicting an expected current Iref through the starter motor (2) at a time t1 from a time tO of initiating disconnection of the electric connection between the electric system (3) and the starter motor (2), and measuring the system voltage V1 at t1 and deciding a state of starter motor failure if Vref-V1>X1, wherein X1 is a predetermined maximum allowable deviation of the system voltage from Vref, or measuring the current 11 through the starter motor (2) at t1 and deciding a state of starter motor failure if 11 -Iref >Y 1 , wherein Y1 is a predetermined maximum allowable deviation of the current from Iref.

Description

A method of detecting a starter motor failure, an electroniccontrol unit and a vehicle provided therewith TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to method of detecting a startermotor failure in connection to a startup of an internal combustionengine connected to an electric starter motor, said starter motorbeing connected to an electric system and the method comprisingthe steps of: initiating operation of the starter motor by initiatingelectric connection between the electric system and the startermotor, detecting a predetermined operative state of thecombustion engine, and initiating disconnection of the electricconnection between the electric system and the starter motor at atime tO as a response to the detection of said predeterminedoperative state of the combustion engine for the purpose of stopping the operation of the starter motor.
The invention also relates to a computer program product and anelectric control unit provided with such a computer programproduct for implementing the method on a vehicle, and a vehicle provided with such an electric control unit.
BACKGROUND ln today”s vehicles the most common way is to have a permanentpower supply to the starter motor, meaning that the starter motor is always connected to the vehicle batteries positive side.
A starter motor failure can, as an example, be caused by the relay being welded in closed position or that the rotor gets stuck in and engaged position, and the outcome is a complete starter motorfailure. Such failure may result in overheating, and fire in the worstcase. that includes a pyrotechnical switch that irreversible breaks the circuit if failure There are some solutions on the marketoccurs and is detected. This technique is most often used on themain supply cable from the batteries and the switch is usuallytriggered by the same signal as engages the airbags in case of anaccident. There”re are similar solutions with relays and electronics instead of pyrotechnic.
The above-mentioned technique may also be used to break thepower supply to the starter motor, but the triggering signal is inthat cased activated by a measurement that tells that the startermotor is activated despite the lack of start signal from the driver or vehicle.
The known solution of prior art described above involves additionalcomponents, meaning cost, weight and a risk for reduced reliability due to more components.
THE OBJECT OF THE INVENTION lt is an object of the present invention to present a method ofdetecting starter motor failures, which method is reliable and requires less additional components than solutions of prior art.
SUMMARY The object of the present invention is achieved by means of theinitially defined method, said method being characterized in thatit comprises the step of: - predicting an expected system voltage Vref at a time t1 from thetime t0 of initiating disconnection of the electric connectionbetween the electric system and the starter motor, or - predicting an expected current lref through the starter motor ata time t1 from the time t0 of initiating disconnection of the electricconnection between the electric system and the starter motor, and- measuring the system voltage V1 at t1 and deciding a state ofstarter motor failure if Vref-V1>X1, wherein X1 is a predeterminedmaximum allowable deviation of the system voltage from Vref, or- measuring the current I1 through the starter motor at t1 anddeciding a state of starter motor failure if |1-|ref>Y1, wherein Y1is a predetermined maximum allowable deviation of the current from lref.
Components for measuring system voltage and current through astarter motor are already present in contemporary vehicles and willbe present in near-future such vehicles also for other reasons thanchecking starter motor failure. Accordingly, the invention has theadvantage of achieving its object with a minimum addition of components to the vechicle.
According to one embodiment, the method is characterized in that,in connection to the startup of the internal combustion engine, anelectric generator which is configured to be connected to theelectric system and to be activated by being magnetized whenconnected to the electric system, is connected to the electric system and thereby activated after, but not before, the time t1.
Thereby, the additional effect of the generator on the systemvoltage, which will make it more difficult to detect the effect of the starter motor on the system voltage, is prevented.
According to one embodiment, t1 is a point of time at which thesystem voltage is expected to have returned to a state in which itis unaffected by the starter motor. lt is preferred that t1 is actuallythe moment or close to the moment at which the system voltage isexpected to have returned to a state in which it is unaffected by the starter motor, and not long time after that moment.
According to one embodiment, t1 is a point of time between t0 anda point of time at which the system voltage is expected to havereturned to a state in which it is unaffected by the starter motor.The invention may include several measurements of the systemvoltage at different times from tO up to a point of time at which thesystem voltage is expected to have returned to a state in which itis unaffected by the starter motor. Preferably, measurements aredone with a relatively high sampling frequency, for example in theorder of 1 per millsecond, in order to get a good picture of theeffect of the starter motor on the system voltage.
According to one embodiment, t1 is a point of time at which the current through the starter motor is expected to be zero.
According to one embodiment, t1 is a point of time between t0 anda point of time at which the current through the starter motor isThe measurements of the current through the starter motor at different expected to be zero. invention may include several times from tO up to a point of time at which the current through the starter motor is expected be zero.
According to one embodiment, the method is characterized in thatthe expected system voltage Vref or the expected current lrefthrough the starter motor is generated by -registering the system voltage or the current through the startermotor with a predetermined sampling frequency during one ormore prior starting sequences, and -saving the sampled data of the system voltage or of the electriccurrent on a data storage medium.
According to one embodiment, the operative state of thecombustion engine, on basis of which the operation of the startermotor is stopped, is a predetermined rpm value rpm0 of the combustion engine.
According to one embodiment, initiating of electric connectionbetween the electric system and the starter motor comprisesturning an electric switch into an on-state, and that initiatingdisconnection of the electric connection between the electricsystem and the starter motor comprises turning an electric switchinto an off-state. The electric switch for connection anddisconnection may be one and the same switch. The switch may be any kind of suitable, preferably controllable, switch.
According to one embodiment, the method is characterized in that,as a response to a detection of a starter motor failure, a main circuit breaker is activated.
The invention also relates to a computer program comprisingcomputer program code for causing a computer to implement amethod according to the present invention when the computer program is executed in the computer.
The comprising a non-transitory data storage medium which can be invention also relates to a computer program productread by a computer and on which the program code of a computer program according to the invention is stored.
The invention also relates to an electronic control unit of a motorvehicle comprising an execution means and a data storagemedium which is connected to the execution means and on whichthe computer program code of a computer program according the invention is stored.
Then invention also relates to a vehicle comprising -a combustion engine, -a starter motor connected to the combustion engine, -an electric system to which the starter motor is connected, -the electric system comprising at least one switch which isoperable between an on-state in which the starter motor is activeand an off-state in which the motor is deactivated, said vehiclebeing characterized in that it comprises an electronic control unit according to the invention.
According to an alternative embodiment, which may be applied asan alternative to the method steps involving measurement ofsystem voltage or electric current through the start motor, the method may comprise the steps of, after t0, -lowering the number of rpm of the combustion engine by providinga control signal that, on basis of prior measurements of the rpm ofthe combustion engine, is expected to result in a predeterminedrpm, which is below a predetermined idle rpm of the combustionengine, - measure the actual rpm and - compare the actual rpm with the expected rpm, and, -if the difference between the actual rpm and the expected rpm isabove a predetermined value, decide that a starter motor failure is present.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING Fig. 1 is a flow chart showing steps of the method according to thepresent invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a part of vehicle accordingto an embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a part of vehicle according to an alternative embodiment of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION An embodiment of the invention is presented with reference to figs.1 and 2. The method is a method of detecting a starter motorfailure in connection to a startup of an internal combustion engine1 connected to an electric starter motor 2, said starter motor 2being connected to an electric system 3 and the methodcomprising the steps of: -S1: initiating operation of the starter motor 2 by turning an electric switch 4 into an on-state, -S2: l\/leasuring the number of rotations per minute of combustionengine, -S3: detecting a predetermined rpm value of the combustionengine 1, and -S4: turning the electric switch 4 to an off-state at a time t0 as aresponse to the detection of said predetermined rpm value of thecombustion engine 1 for the purpose of stopping the operation of the starter motor 2.
The turning of the switch 4 into the on-state may be performedmanually by a driver of the vehicle. The turning of the switch 4 toan off-state may be an automatic action which is foregone byregistration of the rpm value of the combustion engine 1 andtriggered by a signal from an electric control unit 7 as a responseto the predetermined rpm value being reached. The combustionengine 1 comprises an rpm-detector 8, which provides the control unit 7 with the measured rpm value.
According the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the method alsocomprises the steps of: -S5: predicting an expected system voltage Vref at a time t1 fromthe time t0 of turning said switch 4 into the off-state, -S6: measuring the system voltage V1 at t1, -S7: comparing Vref with V1 to see if Vref-V1>X1, wherein X1 isa predetermined maximum allowable deviation of the systemvoltage from Vref, and -S8: deciding that there is a starter motor failure if Vref-V1>X1. lf a starter motor failure is detected, an alert signal may be transmitted to an operator-driver of the vehicle. As an alternatvive, a detected starter motor failure may trigger an automaticdisconnection of the starter motor from the electric system,preferably by a another switch than the one (switch 4) evidentlyfailing to perform disconnection, or trigger activation of a main circuit breaker.
With reference to fig. 2, the electric system 3 comprises a volt meter 9 for measuring the system voltage. ln connection to the startup of the internal combustion engine 1,an electric generator (alternator) 5 which is configured to beconnected to the electric system and to be activated by beingmagnetized when connected to the electric system 3, is connectedto the electric system and thereby activated after, but not before,the time t1. Accordingly, if Vref-V1SX in step S7, the generator is connected to the electric system 3 in a step S9.
According to one embodiment, t1 is a point of time at which thesystem voltage is expected to have returned to a state in which itis unaffected by the starter motor (2). “Unaffected” may be referredto as a condition in which the starter motor is inactive and does not provide a load on the electric system.
According to one embodiment, t1 is a point of time between t0 anda point of time at which the system voltage is expected to havereturned to a state in which it is unaffected by the starter motor(2). ln this case, step 9 may be omitted until t is a point of time atwhich the system voltage is expected to have returned to a state in which it is unaffected by the starter motor (2), and after corresponding measurement and comparison at that point of time has indicated that there is no starter motor failure.
The expected system voltage Vref is predicted by registering thesystem voltage or the current through the starter motor (2) with apredetermined sampling frequency during one or more priorstarting sequences, s , and saving the sampled data of the systemvoltage or of the electric current on a data storage medium. Thesampled data could then be presented as a set of values, adiagram, a table, a reference curve or the like, with which themeasured values of a later starting sequence is compared in orderto determine if there is a starter motor failure, preferably by meansof a computer device having a computer program configured toperform such comparison. The control unit 7 comprises the datastorage medium and is provided with a computer program whichenables it to perform the steps described hereinabove on basis of the measured voltage at t1 and the reference curve.
As a response to a detection of a starter motor failure, a maincircuit breaker 6 may be activated, either manually or by the control unit 7.
According to an alternative embodiment, achieved by means of thecircuit shown in fig. 3, the method comprises the steps ofpredicting an expected current lref through the starter motor 2 ata time t1 from the time t0 of turning said switch into an off-state,and measuring the current I1 through the starter motor at t1 anddeciding a state of starter motor failure if |1-|ref>Y1, wherein Y1is a predetermined maximum allowable deviation of the current from lref. For this purpose the electric system 3 comprises an 11 ampere meter 10 for measuring the electric current through thestarter motor 2. The only difference between the embodimentshown in fig. 3 and the embodiment shown in fig. 2 is the presenceof the ampere meter 10 shown in fig. 3, and the fact the controlunit 7 in the embodiment shown in fig. 3 is configured to predictlref and to decide if there is a starter motor failure on basis of the measurement of the electric current through the starter motor 2.
The invention also relates to a vehicle comprising the combustionengine 1, the starter motor 2 connected to the combustion engine1, and the electric system 3 to which the starter motor 2 isconnected, the electric system 3 comprising the switch 4 and theelectronic control unit 7 according to claim 13. With reference tofigs. 2 and 3 the vehicle further comprises the generator 5, themain switch 6, the rpm detector 8, the voltage meter 9 and/or theampere meter 10, and a switch 11 for connection/disconnection of the generator 5 from the electric system 3.

Claims (14)

12 CLA||\/IS
1. A method of detecting a starter motor failure in connection to astartup of an internal combustion engine (1) connected to anelectric starter motor (2), said starter motor (2) being connected toan electric system (3) and the method comprising the steps of: - initiating operation of the starter motor (2) by initiating electricconnection between the electric system (3) and the starter motor(2), - detecting a predetermined operative state of the combustionengine (1), and - initiating disconnection of the electric connection between theelectric system (3) and the starter motor (2) at a time t0 as aresponse to the detection of said predetermined operative state ofthe combustion engine (1) for the purpose of stopping theoperation of the starter motor (2), said method beingcharacterized in that it comprises the step of: - predicting an expected system voltage Vref at a time t1 from thetime t0 of initiating disconnection of the electric connectionbetween the electric system (3) and the starter motor (2), or - predicting an expected current lref through the starter motor (2)at a time t1 from the time t0 of initiating disconnection of theelectric connection between the electric system (3) and the startermotor (2), and - measuring the system voltage V1 at t1 and deciding a state ofstarter motor failure if Vref-V1>X1, wherein X1 is a predeterminedmaximum allowable deviation of the system voltage from Vref, or- measuring the current I1 through the starter motor (2) at t1 and deciding a state of starter motor failure if |1-|ref>Y1, wherein Y1 13 is a predetermined maximum allowable deviation of the current from lref.
2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that, inconnection to the startup of the internal combustion engine (1), anelectric generator (5) which is configured to be connected to theelectric system and to be activated by being magnetized whenconnected to the electric system, is connected to the electric system and thereby activated after, but not before, the time t1.
3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that t1 isa point of time at which the system voltage is expected to have returned to a state in which it is unaffected by the starter motor (2)-
4. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that t1 isa point of time between t0 and a point of time at which the systemvoltage is expected to have returned to a state in which it is unaffected by the starter motor (2).
5. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that t1 isa point of time at which the current through the starter motor (2) is expected to be zero.
6. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that t1 isa point of time between t0 and a point of time at which the current through the starter motor (2) is expected to be zero. 14
7. A method according to any one claims 1-6, characterized inthat the expected system voltage Vref or the expected current lrefthrough the starter motor (2) is predicted by -registering the system voltage or the current through the startermotor (2) with a predetermined sampling frequency during one ormore prior starting sequences, and -saving the sampled data of the system voltage or of the electric current on a data storage medium.
8. A method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized inthat the operative state of the combustion engine (1), on basis ofwhich the operation of the starter motor (2) is stopped, is a predetermined rpm value rpm0 of the combustion engine (1).
9. A method according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized inthat initiating of electric connection between the electric system(3) and the starter motor (2) comprises turning an electric switch(4) into an on-state, and that initiating disconnection of the electricconnection between the electric system (3) and the starter motor (2) comprises turning an electric switch (4) into an off-state.
10. A method according to any one of claims 1-9, characterizedin that, as a response to a detection of a starter motor failure, a main circuit breaker (6) is activated.
11. A computer program comprising computer program code forcausing a computer to implement a method according to any oneclaims 1-10 when the computer program is executed in the computer.
12. A computer program product comprising a non-transitory datastorage medium which can be read by a computer and on whichthe program code of a computer program according to c|aim 11 is stored.
13. An electronic control unit (7) of a motor vehicle comprising anexecution means and a data storage medium which is connectedto the execution means and on which the computer program code of a computer program according to c|aim 11 is stored.
14. A vehicle comprising -a combustion engine (1), -a starter motor (2) connected to the combustion engine (1), -an electric system (3) to which the starter motor (2) is connected,-the electric system (3) comprising at least one switch (4) which isoperable between an on-state in which the starter motor (2) isactive and an off-state in which the starter motor (2) is deactivated,said vehicle being characterized in that it comprises an electronic control unit (7) according to c|aim 13.
SE1951139A 2019-10-07 2019-10-07 A method of detecting a starter motor failure, an electronic control unit and a vehicle provided therewith SE1951139A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1951139A SE1951139A1 (en) 2019-10-07 2019-10-07 A method of detecting a starter motor failure, an electronic control unit and a vehicle provided therewith

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1951139A SE1951139A1 (en) 2019-10-07 2019-10-07 A method of detecting a starter motor failure, an electronic control unit and a vehicle provided therewith

Publications (1)

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SE1951139A1 true SE1951139A1 (en) 2021-04-08

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SE1951139A SE1951139A1 (en) 2019-10-07 2019-10-07 A method of detecting a starter motor failure, an electronic control unit and a vehicle provided therewith

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7861683B2 (en) * 2008-04-01 2011-01-04 Denso Corporation Diagnosis device for vehicle
DE102012204787A1 (en) * 2011-03-25 2012-09-27 Denso Corporation Engine starter control device for vehicle, performs OFF setting time abnormality detection processing for detecting fault in load-side and energy-side switching units, based on voltage of intermediate switch path between switching units
US20150300308A1 (en) * 2012-03-15 2015-10-22 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Control device for vehicle
US9797362B2 (en) * 2015-08-28 2017-10-24 Denso Corporation Electronic control unit and computer program

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7861683B2 (en) * 2008-04-01 2011-01-04 Denso Corporation Diagnosis device for vehicle
DE102012204787A1 (en) * 2011-03-25 2012-09-27 Denso Corporation Engine starter control device for vehicle, performs OFF setting time abnormality detection processing for detecting fault in load-side and energy-side switching units, based on voltage of intermediate switch path between switching units
US20150300308A1 (en) * 2012-03-15 2015-10-22 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Control device for vehicle
US9797362B2 (en) * 2015-08-28 2017-10-24 Denso Corporation Electronic control unit and computer program

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