SE1830358A1 - Alcolock device using mapping gaze and motion parameters - Google Patents

Alcolock device using mapping gaze and motion parameters

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Publication number
SE1830358A1
SE1830358A1 SE1830358A SE1830358A SE1830358A1 SE 1830358 A1 SE1830358 A1 SE 1830358A1 SE 1830358 A SE1830358 A SE 1830358A SE 1830358 A SE1830358 A SE 1830358A SE 1830358 A1 SE1830358 A1 SE 1830358A1
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Sweden
Prior art keywords
drunk
driver
alcohol
cognitive
eye
Prior art date
Application number
SE1830358A
Other languages
Swedish (sv)
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SE543249C2 (en
Inventor
Anders Nilsson
Haibo Li
Original Assignee
Innovationcare
Lincoding Ab
Anders Nilsson
Haibo Li
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Application filed by Innovationcare, Lincoding Ab, Anders Nilsson, Haibo Li filed Critical Innovationcare
Priority to SE1830358A priority Critical patent/SE543249C2/en
Priority to JP2021534255A priority patent/JP2022512253A/en
Priority to PCT/SE2019/051270 priority patent/WO2020122802A1/en
Priority to EP19895577.5A priority patent/EP3894254A4/en
Priority to CN201980082583.8A priority patent/CN113329904A/en
Priority to US17/312,992 priority patent/US20220073079A1/en
Publication of SE1830358A1 publication Critical patent/SE1830358A1/en
Publication of SE543249C2 publication Critical patent/SE543249C2/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W40/00—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models
    • B60W40/08—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models related to drivers or passengers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R25/00—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles
    • B60R25/20—Means to switch the anti-theft system on or off
    • B60R25/25—Means to switch the anti-theft system on or off using biometry
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
    • A61B3/113—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for determining or recording eye movement
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/16—Devices for psychotechnics; Testing reaction times ; Devices for evaluating the psychological state
    • A61B5/163—Devices for psychotechnics; Testing reaction times ; Devices for evaluating the psychological state by tracking eye movement, gaze, or pupil change
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/16—Devices for psychotechnics; Testing reaction times ; Devices for evaluating the psychological state
    • A61B5/18—Devices for psychotechnics; Testing reaction times ; Devices for evaluating the psychological state for vehicle drivers or machine operators
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/48—Other medical applications
    • A61B5/4845—Toxicology, e.g. by detection of alcohol, drug or toxic products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K28/00—Safety devices for propulsion-unit control, specially adapted for, or arranged in, vehicles, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in the event of potentially dangerous conditions
    • B60K28/02—Safety devices for propulsion-unit control, specially adapted for, or arranged in, vehicles, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in the event of potentially dangerous conditions responsive to conditions relating to the driver
    • B60K28/06—Safety devices for propulsion-unit control, specially adapted for, or arranged in, vehicles, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in the event of potentially dangerous conditions responsive to conditions relating to the driver responsive to incapacity of driver
    • B60K28/063—Safety devices for propulsion-unit control, specially adapted for, or arranged in, vehicles, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in the event of potentially dangerous conditions responsive to conditions relating to the driver responsive to incapacity of driver preventing starting of vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
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    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/011—Arrangements for interaction with the human body, e.g. for user immersion in virtual reality
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    • G06V40/19—Sensors therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W40/00—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models
    • B60W40/08—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models related to drivers or passengers
    • B60W2040/0818—Inactivity or incapacity of driver
    • B60W2040/0836—Inactivity or incapacity of driver due to alcohol
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
    • B60W2050/0062—Adapting control system settings
    • B60W2050/0063—Manual parameter input, manual setting means, manual initialising or calibrating means
    • B60W2050/0064—Manual parameter input, manual setting means, manual initialising or calibrating means using a remote, e.g. cordless, transmitter or receiver unit, e.g. remote keypad or mobile phone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
    • B60W2050/0062—Adapting control system settings
    • B60W2050/0075—Automatic parameter input, automatic initialising or calibrating means
    • B60W2050/0083—Setting, resetting, calibration
    • B60W2050/0088—Adaptive recalibration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2420/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of sensors based on the principle of their operation
    • B60W2420/40—Photo, light or radio wave sensitive means, e.g. infrared sensors
    • B60W2420/403—Image sensing, e.g. optical camera
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2540/00—Input parameters relating to occupants
    • B60W2540/043—Identity of occupants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
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    • B60W2540/221—Physiology, e.g. weight, heartbeat, health or special needs
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
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    • B60W2540/24—Drug level, e.g. alcohol
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
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    • G06V40/178—Human faces, e.g. facial parts, sketches or expressions estimating age from face image; using age information for improving recognition

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Abstract

Gazelock BACKGROUND From the statistics of Finland, drunk driving is involved in 25 % of fatal traffic accidents. Just in 2011, 74persons died and 735 were injured in traffic accidents that involved drunk driving in Finland[1,4]. It has beenestimated that the cost of a traffic fatality is 1.9 million Euro. A permanent injury costs 1.0 million Euro and atemporary injury on average 241 000 Euro. Furthermore, the statistics shows also that the profile of a drunk driver has not changed for a long period. Aboutone third of drunk drivers are recidivists and the rate has remained at the same level for 30 years. The risk ofbeing caught has not increased for 30 years. A drunk driver can still drive drunken about 220 occasions beforebeing caught[4]. The findings justify an obligatory use of Alcolocks as one preventive measure to counteractrecidivism. Studies from Finland, Sweden, Canada and USA have shown good results of the impact of Alcolockson recidivism [1-4]. One of the serious problems with the existing Alcolocks is that they measure blood alcoholconcentration through some kinds of breathing systems. Technically, such systems can be cheated easily inpractice, for instance, one headache with Alcolock in a real application is to know if a driver cheats it by using amask to filter his/her breathing airs. In this disclosure we invent a new approach to build Alcolocks based on the fact that drinking alcohol willimpair both motor skills and cognitive functioning. The fact can be used to detect if a driver is drunk throughmeasuring his/her motor skills and cognitive fiinctions. More specifically, Alcohol ingestion will cause varying degrees of physiological losses that result in changes inthe cognitive and behavioral functions as well as visual perception [9]. The effects can be felt and measured evenwhen alcohol is consumed in light to moderate levels. Intoxication due to occasional alcohol ingestion will affectthe central nervous system (CNS). These effects of alcohol on the CNS result in alterations in the visual systemthat are related, for instance, to color perception, contrast sensitivity, as well as on eye movements [9]. Eye movement is a good indicator of cognitive functions. One of the main fiinctions of eye movements is toalign information of potential interest and the fovea, thus selecting information from relevant parts of the visualenvironment. Therefore, eye movements are closely related to visual attention. Typical eye movements whilstscanning an image can be classifies as saccades and fixations. Saccades are ballistic movements of the eye itselffrom one point of the visual scene to another, whereas fixations refer to the time between the saccades in whichthe eye presents minimal movements [9]. Since the intake of alcohol will cause transient motor and cognitive changes, when performing a visual searchingtask one needs a large number and duration of fixations, high latency for the initial fixation and a high number ofsaccades, as well as a high total time. As an indicator of cognitive processing eye movement can be used tomeasure the effects of alcohol intake. There are some studies on the effect of alcohol intake on eye movement and visual perception and recognition.In [8] it was concluded that alcohol dose affect human picture perception and decrease the performance of visualexploration. Another study showed that it is possible to see deviations in the gaze patterns of drunk people, evenat a very low level of blood alcohol concentration[9,10]. Measurement of eye movements has been suggested fordetecting a drunk driver. However, it is not an effective and efficient way for drunk detection if patterns of eyemovements and/or eye gaze are measured in some kind of passive way. In this disclosure we invent a robust wayto accurately detect drunk drivers, where to unlock the car the driver has to run an interactive visual test whichhas a high demend of cognitive functions and motor skills. Unlike other approaches, it is not a simplemeasurement of eye movement rather but measurement of deviation in the gaze pattems in a closed hand-eyecoordination process. More specifically, it is not just cognitive functions are measured through eye movementbut the mismatch between cognitive and motor skills that is measured. Our principle is based on the fact that drinking alcohol can impair both motor skills and cognitive functioning,but motor skills can be re-gained at a faster rate than cognitive functions. This could create the illusion ofcomplete sobriety and prompt the undertaking of activities requiring cognitive processes that are still greatlyimpaired. This will result in fatal problems, for example, make incorrect responses very fast, pressing theaccelerator rather than the break in an emergency situation. Therefore, the most effective way is to measure themismatch between motor skills and cognitive functions. The mismatch is a more sensitive effect than use ofcognitive functions alone for detecting drunk drivers. To compute the mismatch we invent a way of measuring motion skills in an interactive visual test process. Letthe driver hold a device or a mobile to run a designed visual test, his/her motion skills can be measured throughphysical motion sensors embedded in the device, or through already existed in modern mobile phones. This isdifferent from some existing approaches of using mobiles to combat drunk driving [6]. In these approaches mobile phones use their accelerometer and orientation sensors to detect patterns associated with driving underthe influence. The sensor data are used to compute driving behaviors but not for measuring personal motor skillsin a visual test as we do. Furthermore, an important requirement for a Working Alcolock is that no helpful to ask others to unlock thealcolock. To reach it one has to make sure that the person unlocking the alcolock should be the same one who isdriving the vehicle. Besides stop drunk driving it is of equal impotance in preventing the misuse of the car bysomeone else for terror attack. Therefore, identifying the personal identity of a driver is extremely important.Besides safety personal identity is also very helpful in making alcolocks more robust. The study in [4] showedthat the time of the survey and the gender of the driver were high risk factors for drunk driving. The risk on a Saturday morning was about eight times higher than during Tuesday afternoon. The risk for a female to drivedrunk was less than one fifth of that for men. Divorced and widowed people had a clearly higher risk than married drivers. In the age group “30-54 years” therisk for drunk driving was higher compared to the age group “below 20 years”. Unemployed drunk drivers hadalso higher blood alcohol concentration. Therefore, the context and personal socioeconomic status will be veryuseful in aiding the detection of drunk driver. Reference: 1. Blincoe,L.J.,Miller,T.R.,Zaloshnja,E.,&Lawrence,B.A.(2015,May).The economic and societal impact ofmotor vehicle crashes, 2010. (Revised)(Report No. DOT HS 812 013). Washington, DC: National HighwayTraffic Safety Administration. 2. NationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministration.RetrievedMay1 1201 8from _11gtpjjfwyyyggnlitsaiggyi gjigljy; ' :iså- n,M.,P nttilä,A.,Haukka,J.,Rajalin,S.,Eriksson,C.,Gunnar,T.,... Kuoppasalmi, K. (2013). Profile of adrunk driver and risk factors for drunk driving. Findings in roadside testing in the province of Uusimaa inFinland 1990-2008. Forensic Science International, 231(1-3), 20-27. doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.04.010 5. Møller,M.,Haustein,S.,&Prato,C.G.(2015).Profilingdrunkdrivingrecidivistsin Denmark. Accident Analysis &Prevention, 83, 125-131. doi: 10.1016 /j.aap. 2015 6. Dai,J.,Teng,J.,Bai,X.,Shen,Z.,&Xuan,D.(2010).Mobilephonebaseddrunk driving detection. Proceedings of the4th Intemational ICST Conference on Pervasive Computing Technologies for Healthcare.doi:10.4108/icst.pervasivehealth2010.8901 7. DriverAlcoholDetectionSystemforSafety.httpsz/ß/wwxw'.dadss.tir 8. Moser,A.,Heide,W.,&Kömpf,D.(1998).Theeffectoforalethanolconsumptionon eye movements in healthy volunteers. Joumal of Neurology,245(8), 542-550. doi:10.1007/s004150050240 9. Silva,J.B.,Cristino,E.D.,Almeida,N.L.,Medeiros,P.C.,&Santos,N.A.(2017). Effects of acute alcohol ingestionon eye movements and cognition: A double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Plos One,12(10).doi:10.1371/joumal.pone.0186061 10.Thien, N. H., & Muntsinger, T. Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus Detection in Automotive Vehicles. 11.GHO | By category | Legal BAC limits - Data by country. (n.d.). Retrieved May 10, 2018, from httn :,//'apps,xw'11o. int/ gho/”data/vievsnma in. 54600 3. Bergman, G, Larsson, A, Martinsson, A, Norén, F.(2018) The future of DUI detection technology,- A research study on prevention and methods for detecting drivers under the influence (DUI), KTH Media LabCourse Report.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION One of the most common Ways to determine if someone is under influence of some kind of drug, legal or illegal,is by looking them in the eyes. Dilated pupils, eye redness, nystagmus, problems With fixating gaze, all of thesecould be indicators for a person under the influence. The different impacts on the eyes are how We can takeadvantage of these visual cues to spot a drunk driver before they start driving. A efficent and effective Way to doso is to use eye-tracking to measure if a driver is drunk[3].
Our innovation is to build a device as an Alcolock. To unlock the car the driver needs to orient the device by thehand and/or use the touch screen to finish a visual test running in the screen of the device. The applicationscenario is shown here.
The driver is asked to hold the device to run an interactive visual test. Eye movements are recorded through aneye tracker. The device has a screen on Which the designed visual test is presented for the driver to visualize.Besides the screen the device contains video cameras, physical sensors to record hand gestures, processor,memory and computer operational system. There are four technical modules behind the device: 1) personidentification module; 2) eye gaze tracking module; 3) motor skill computing model; 4) drunk detection module.

Claims (4)

1. There are four technical modules behindthe device: 1) person identification module;
2. ) eye gaze tracking module;
3. ) motorskill computing model;
4. ) drunk detection module. Summary Gazelock is able to stop the society from drug drivers. ln a safe , not cheatable, program in yourmobile or car devic, the car will not start if you are not a safe driver. Studies show the sensitivity andspecificity of the program who will save life's in the future.
SE1830358A 2018-12-12 2018-12-12 Alcolock device using mapping gaze and motion parameters SE543249C2 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1830358A SE543249C2 (en) 2018-12-12 2018-12-12 Alcolock device using mapping gaze and motion parameters
JP2021534255A JP2022512253A (en) 2018-12-12 2019-12-12 Alcolock devices and systems that use gaze and motor parameter mapping
PCT/SE2019/051270 WO2020122802A1 (en) 2018-12-12 2019-12-12 Alcolock device and system using mapping of gaze parameters and motion parameters
EP19895577.5A EP3894254A4 (en) 2018-12-12 2019-12-12 Alcolock device and system using mapping of gaze parameters and motion parameters
CN201980082583.8A CN113329904A (en) 2018-12-12 2019-12-12 Alcohol lock device and system using mapping of gaze and motion parameters
US17/312,992 US20220073079A1 (en) 2018-12-12 2019-12-12 Alcolock device and system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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