SE181666C1

SE181666C1 -

Info

Publication number: SE181666C1
Authority: SE
Publication date: 1962-01-01

Description

Prioritet begard fran den 30 augusti 1956 (USA) Foreliggande uppfinning hanfor sig till en modifikation av apparaten enligt patentet 176 060 for overforing eller alstring av vridmoment, med ett drivet organ och ett narbelaget svanghjulsorgan med vasentligt storre troghetsmoment an det drivna organet, varvid dessa organ aro roterbara kring en gemensam axel samt uppbara samverkande elektriska magnetiserings- och induktionslindningar. Genom att pa detta salt samtidigt tillfora vaxelstriim och likstrom till apparatens magnetiseringslindningar kommer anordningen att arbeta betydligt snabbare an enligt huvudpatentet, enar man undviker eller starkt minskar den tidsfordrojning, som orsakas av att de magnetiska lik- och vaxelfalten vid anordningen enligt huvudpatentet skola avtaga till noll oeh ater uppbyggas. Priority claimed from 30 August 1956 (USA) The present invention relates to a modification of the apparatus according to patent 176 060 for transmitting or generating torque, with a driven member and a proximal flywheel member having substantially greater moment of inertia than the driven member, said means are rotatable about a common axis and support cooperating electrical excitation and induction windings. By simultaneously supplying alternating current and direct current to the magnetizing windings of the apparatus on this salt, the device will operate much faster than according to the master patent, either avoiding or greatly reducing the time delay caused by the magnetic equalizing and alternating currents at the device according to the main patent decreasing to zero. oeh rebuilt.

Uppfinningen avser ocksâ ett salt att driva den ovannamnda apparaten f8r att intermittent overfora eller alstra ett vridmoment genom att svanghjulsorganet sattes i rotation for att darigenom lagra energi, och att darefter vaxelstrom och likstrom samtidigt tillforas magnetiseringslindningarna sa att en av dessa stromarter intermittent och alternativt dominerar Over den andra, varvid dominerande vaxelstrom orsakar repulsionsmoment och dominerande Ekstrom orsakar attraktionsmoment. The invention also relates to a salt for driving the above-mentioned apparatus for intermittently transmitting or generating a torque by setting the flywheel member in rotation to thereby store energy, and then alternating alternating current and direct current simultaneously with the excitation windings so that one of these current types dominates intermittently. the other, with dominant AC current causing repulsion torque and dominant Ekstrom causing attraction torque.

Som ett belysande exempel kan anforas, att uppfinningen kan anvandas i en maskin, forsedd med ett organ med stort troghetsmoment, exempelvis en magasineringsanordning for svanghjulsenergi, som samverkar med annan apparat for att Ora maskinen z,sjalvmatande, eller >>självdrivande>> och lampad att efter fritt val overfora moment och motnaoment till med maskinen forbundna axlar och liknande. As an illustrative example, the invention may be used in a machine provided with a means of high moment of inertia, for example a flywheel energy storage device, which cooperates with another apparatus for driving the machine z, self-feeding, or >> self-propelled >> and lamped to, after free choice, transfer torques and counter-torques to shafts and the like connected to the machine.

Organ med stort troghetsmoment, t. ex. energiackumulerande massor, utnyttjas all-mint for omsattning av magasinerad energi i vridmoment f8r utforande av nyttigt arbete av olika slag. Ett svanghjul är ett exempel pa en energiackumulerande massa, som bar anpassats feir industriella andamal for att driva minga olika typer av moderna maskiner. Det är allmant brukligt att lagra en svanghjulsmassa fritt vridbart pa en vevaxel, drivaxel eller dylikt och att bibringa svanghjulet rotation pa denna axel med hjalp av en motor, t. ex. en Men elmotor, som medels L bandtransmission ar forbunden med svanghjulskransen. Bland vanliga anordningar fOr utnyttjande av den i svanghjulet magasinerade energien kan namnas en koppling, som vanligen ar anordnad mellan svanghjulet och den av denna drivna axeln e. d. Dessutom anvandes vanligtvis en mekanisk broms, som samverkar med kopplingen pa sadant salt, att den bromsar axeln da kopplingen slas ifran for att frikoppla svanghjulet fran axeln. Organ with a large moment of inertia, e.g. energy-accumulating masses, is generally used for the conversion of stored energy into torque for carrying out useful work of various kinds. A flywheel is an example of an energy-accumulating mass, which was adapted for industrial purposes to power many different types of modern machines. It is generally customary to store a flywheel mass freely rotatably on a crankshaft, drive shaft or the like and to impart rotation to the flywheel on this shaft by means of a motor, e.g. a But electric motor, which by means of L band transmission is connected to the flywheel ring. Among common devices for utilizing the energy stored in the flywheel there may be mentioned a coupling, which is usually arranged between the flywheel and the shaft driven by it. In addition, a mechanical brake is usually used, which cooperates with the coupling on such salt disengage to disengage the flywheel from the shaft.

Da svanghjul i vanliga fall drivas med i huvudsak konstant varvtal, och da del ibland är nodvandigt att kunna driva en maskin med flera olika hastigheter, anvandas dessutom varvtalsreducerande vaxlar av skilda slag, antingen separat eller i kombination med svanghjulskopplingen. For vissa slag av industriella maskiner är del vidare av vikt att skydda maskineriet mot phitsliga och/eller ovantade overbelastningar. For delta andamal kunna speciella 8verb el astnings skyddsanordningar vara inkopplade i maskinens kraftoverforingssystem, t. ex. overlastkopplingar o. d., vilka sla ifran for att frankoppla svanghjulets vridmoment da en viss kritisk belastning uppnas. De i ovannamnda varvtalsreducerande vaxlar inghende detaljerna kunna aven inbegripa om- 2— — kastningsorgan, sa att maskinen kan drivas saval baklanges som framlanges. Anordningen for reglering resp. andring av hastighet och arbets- eller rotationsriktning kan vidare vara forsedd med organ for att astadkomma en mera ogonblicklig reaktion f8r riktningsoch hastighetsandringar. Since flywheels are usually driven at a substantially constant speed, and since it is sometimes necessary to be able to drive a machine with several different speeds, speed-reducing gears of different types are also used, either separately or in combination with the flywheel clutch. For certain types of industrial machines, it is also important to protect the machinery against physical and / or unforeseen overloads. For delta andamal, special 8verb el astning protection devices can be connected in the machine's power transmission system, e.g. overload couplings, etc., which switch off to disengage the flywheel torque when a certain critical load is reached. The details contained in the above-mentioned speed-reducing gears may also include reversing means so that the machine can be driven both backwards and forwards. The device for regulation resp. change of speed and working or direction of rotation may further be provided with means for effecting a more immediate reaction for changes of direction and speed.

Sammanfattningsvis galler salunda, att nagra av de viktigare tillbehOrsapparater, som kunna anvandas for att utnyttj a energiackumulerande och/eller energimagasinerande organ och kunna anvandas separat eller i kombination yid drift ay manga olika typer av industriella maskiner, "agoras av en motor, en koppling, en broms, en omkastbar va.xel for flera hastigheter, overbelastningsskyddsanordningar samt manoverorgan for att samordna de olika i maskineriet ingaende tillbehOrseller hjalpapparaterna. In summary, some of the more important accessory devices which can be used to utilize an energy accumulating and / or energy storing means and can be used separately or in combination in operation with many different types of industrial machines, are agoras of a motor, a clutch, a brake, a reversible multi-speed shaft, overload protection devices and controls to coordinate the various accessories included in the machinery or auxiliary devices.

Nagra som exempel valda utforingsformer av uppfinningen skola i det foljande narmare beskrivas i anslutning till bifogade ritningar. PA dessa visar fig. 1 i sidovy en lamplig utforingsform av uppfinningen, varvid apparaten med en remtransmission ãr forbunden med en elmotor, som anvandes i vissa tillampningsfall ftir uppfinningen. Fig. 2 visar apparaten i vertikalsnitt langs linjen 2-2 i fig. 1, och askadliggor apparatens inre uppbyggnad jamte pa. schematiskt salt de for stromtillforsel till densamma avsedda slapringarna. Fig. 3, 4, 5 och 6 visa utfOringsformer liknande fig. 2 och askadliggora olika kombinationer av ingangs- och utglngsdelar. Fig. 7 visar sehematiskt i axialsnitt en annan lamplig utforingsform av apparaten enligt uppfinningen, forsedd med en enkelverkande, eller envags-, broms som hjalpmedel fiir fixering av den ena ay de inbOrdes roterbara delarna yid apparatstativet. Fig. 8 ar ett elektriskt block-schema, som anger manoverfunktionerna f Or den i fig. 7 visade apparaten. Fig. 9 visar ett forenklat block och kopplingsschema, vilket exempelvis kan tillampas for lindningarna i apparaten enligt fig. 2. Fig. 10 visar ett forenklat block- och kopplingsschema for en lämplig utforingsform av lindningarna pa den ena av de inbordes roterbara delarna, varvid dessa lindningar likna de i fig. 9 visade men erfordra en slapring mindre an dessa. Fig. 11 ar ett forenIdat kopplingsschema, som visar en lamplig utforingsform av stjarnkopplade lindningar f Or den ena av de inbordes roterbara delarna. Fig. 12 är ett forenklat kopplingsschema, som visar en lamplig utforingsform av triangelkopplade lindningar fOr den ena av de roterbara delarna. Fig. 13 ar ett forenklat kopplingsschema, som visar en annan lamplig utforingsform av triangelkopplade lindningar for den ena av de ba.da roterbara delarna. Fig. 14 dr ett forenklat kopplingsschema, som visar en lamplig utforingsform av stjarnkopplade lindningar jamte hjalplindningar for den ena av de hada roter bara delarna. Fig. 15 ar ett forenklat kopplingsschema for en. lamplig utforingsform av lindningarna for den ena av de roterbara delarna med separata lindningar for vaxelstroms- och likstromsmagnetisering, varvid vaxelstromslindningarna aro stjarnkopplade. Fig. 16 visar ett forenklat kopplingsschema for en lamplig utforingsform av lindningarna pa den ena ay de roterande delarna med separata lindningar for vaxelstroms- och likstromsmagnetisering, varvid vaxelstromslindningarna aro triangelkopplade. Fig. 17 visar ett forenklat blockschema, som anger kopplingen av manoverorganen for apparaten enligt fig. 1 och 2. Fig. 18 ar ett diagram ancivande de relativa funktionstiderna for olika I apparaten enligt fig. 1 och 2 ingaende organ under en typisk arbetsperiod av det periodiska arbetsforloppet. Fig. 19 ar ett tiddiagram liknande fig. 18 och anger de relatiya funktionstiderna for ett annat arbetssatt hos de olika utforingsformerna ay uppfinningen. Fig. 20, slutligen, dr ett blockschema liknande fig. 17 men askadliggOrande styr- och manoverorgan i samband med en mangsidigare utforingsform av uppfinningen. Some embodiments of the invention selected by way of example will be described in more detail below in connection with the accompanying drawings. In these, Fig. 1 shows in side view a suitable embodiment of the invention, wherein the apparatus with a belt transmission is connected to an electric motor, which is used in certain application cases according to the invention. Fig. 2 shows the apparatus in vertical section along the line 2-2 in Fig. 1, and the inner structure of the apparatus is adjacent to the ash. schematically salt the power supply to the intended slack rings. Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6 show embodiments similar to Fig. 2 and illustrate different combinations of input and output parts. Fig. 7 shows, seematically in axial section, another suitable embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention, provided with a single-acting, or one-way, brake as an aid for fixing one of the rotatable parts of the apparatus within the apparatus frame. Fig. 8 is an electrical block diagram showing the operating functions of the apparatus shown in Fig. 7. Fig. 9 shows a simplified block and wiring diagram, which can be applied, for example, to the windings in the apparatus according to Fig. 2. Fig. 10 shows a simplified block and wiring diagram for a suitable embodiment of the windings on one of the rotatable parts of the inboard, these windings similar to those shown in Fig. 9 but requiring a slack ring smaller than these. Fig. 11 is a combined circuit diagram showing a suitable embodiment of star-coupled windings for one of the rotatable parts of the inboard. Fig. 12 is a simplified circuit diagram showing a suitable embodiment of triangularly wound windings for one of the rotatable members. Fig. 13 is a simplified circuit diagram showing another suitable embodiment of triangularly wound windings for one of the two rotatable parts. Fig. 14 is a simplified circuit diagram showing a suitable embodiment of star-coupled windings and auxiliary windings for one of the rotated parts only. Fig. 15 is a simplified wiring diagram for one. suitable embodiment of the windings for one of the rotatable parts with separate windings for alternating current and direct current magnetization, the alternating current windings being star-coupled. Fig. 16 shows a simplified wiring diagram for a suitable embodiment of the windings on one of the rotating parts with separate windings for alternating current and direct current magnetization, the alternating current windings being triangularly connected. Fig. 17 is a simplified block diagram showing the connection of the actuators of the apparatus of Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 18 is a diagram showing the relative operating times of various means of the apparatus of Figs. periodic workflow. Fig. 19 is a timing chart similar to Fig. 18 and shows the relative operating times of another mode of operation of the various embodiments of the invention. Fig. 20, finally, shows a block diagram similar to Fig. 17 but excluding control and operating means in connection with a more versatile embodiment of the invention.

Allman anordning och funktion. General device and function.

I korthet uttryckt bestar en apparat eller maskin enligt uppfinningen av ett par kring en gemensam axel roterbara delar, var och en vridbart lagrad pa. ett stationart organ, som kan utgOras av vilket som heist lampligt stodorgan, barorgan eller hallare eller av maskinens stativ. I de 1 det fOljande beskrivna utforingsformerna bildar den ena av de roterbara delarna, vilken kan benamnas »ingangsdelem och har relativt stort trOghetsmoment, en energiackumulerande eller -magasinerande massa i form av ett svanghjul. Den andra roterbara delen kan benamnas »utgangsdelen» och har avsevart mindre troghetsmoment an ingangsdelen. Utgangsdelen mottager energi i form av vridmoment fran ingangsdelen och Overfilr denna energi till andra delar av maskineriet for att omsattas i nyttigt arbete. In short, an apparatus or machine according to the invention consists of a pair of rotatable parts about a common axis, each rotatably mounted on. a stationary member, which may be constituted by any suitable standing member, bar member or holder, or by the stand of the machine. In the embodiments described below, one of the rotatable parts, which may be called the entrance part and has a relatively large moment of inertia, forms an energy-accumulating or storing mass in the form of a flywheel. The second rotatable part can be called the «output part» and has considerably less moments of inertia than the input part. The output part receives energy in the form of torque from the input part and Overfilr this energy to other parts of the machinery to be converted into useful work.

Allrnant sett finnas tva typer ay vridmoment, som kunna overforas eller alstras me!-Ian in- och utgangsdelarna. Den ena av dessa typer ãr ett repulsionsmoment eller motmoment, varvid utgangsmomentet verkar mot ingangsdelen och stravar att alstra °eh Oka en skillnad i rotationshastighet mellan de hada delarna. Den andra momenttypen kan benamnas »attraktionsmoment» och Ar riktat i motsatt riktning mot det drivande momentet, dvs. det har en stravan att minska hastighetsskillnaden mellan in- och utgangsdelarna och slutligen »sammankopplaD eller synkronisera dessa inbordes, sa att de komma att rotera samfallt. Repulsionsmomentet kan sagas vara drivande, emedan det verkar analogt med det moment som alstras ay en elektrisk motor, medan attraktionsmomentet kan benamnas — —3 kopplande, emedan det verkar analogt med en koppling. Generally speaking, there are two types of torques that can be transmitted or generated by the input and output parts. One of these types is a repulsion moment or counter-moment, the output moment acting against the input part and struggling to generate a difference in rotational speed between the had parts. The second torque type can be called «attraction torque» and Ar directed in the opposite direction to the driving torque, ie. it has a penalty to reduce the speed difference between the input and output parts and finally "connect or synchronize these inboard, so that they will rotate simultaneously. The moment of repulsion can be said to be driving, because it acts analogously to the moment produced by an electric motor, while the moment of attraction can be called - —3 coupling, because it acts analogously to a coupling.

I overensstammelse harmed aro drivande och kopplade organ anordnade pa den ena av de bada delarna, eller rotorerna, medan elektromagnetiska organ aro sh anordnade pa den andra delen, eller rotorn, att de samverka med de av den fOrstnamnda rotorn uppburna elektriska drivande och kopplande organen. En anordning finnes vidare for att fasthalla utgangsdelen mot rotation i atminstone den ena riktningen, s att ingangsdelen vid motororganens matning med magnetiseringsstrom kan drivas relativt det stationara stodorganet och stativet for att utveckla ett vridande kraftmoment, resp. kan bringas till stillestand. Accordingly, driving and coupling means are provided on one of the two parts, or the rotors, while electromagnetic means are arranged on the other part, or the rotor, for them to cooperate with the electric driving and coupling means supported by the first-mentioned rotor. A device is further provided for holding the output part against rotation in at least one direction, so that the input part can be driven relative to the stationary support member and the frame during the supply of the motor means with magnetizing current to develop a rotating torque, resp. can be brought to a standstill.

I enlighet med ett driftsatt utvecklas uttagbara vridmoment genom att magnetiseringen av motororganen kortvarigt avbrytes och kopplingsorganen samtidigt sattas i funktion. Detta arbetssatt kan betecknas som »positiv» &eel:5ring eller »attraktionsmoment»-overforing och sker i princip i samma riktning som ingangsdelens kraftmoment utvealas. Sedan det Onskade kortvariga positiva momentet eller attraktionsmomentet avgivits till kraftuttagsorganet (belastningen) avmagnetiseras kopplingsorganen, och motororganen magnetiseras pa nytt, sa att ingangsdelen Ater kart accelereras, samtidigt som utgangsdelen retarderas. Fasthallningsanordningen hindrar effektivt utgangsdelen fran att rotera, sa snart ett i motsatt rotationsriktning verkande vridmoment har bringat utgangsdelen att nastan sta stilla. En fornyad magnetisering av motororganen tjanar saledes bade till att minska utgangsdelens vinkelhasLighet till ett sa lagt varde, att den mekaniskt bromsande fasthallningsanordningen effektivt kan bringa utgangsdelen att sta stilla, och samtidigt till att Ater accelerera ingangsdelen for att atervinna energi, som overforts till utgangsdelen. Annorlunda uttryckt kan sagas, att anordningen for minskning av utgangsdelens vinkelhastighet aterverkar pa ingangsdelen i stallet for pa stativet, i det att den energi, som erfordras for att bromsa eller minska utgangsdelens yinkelhastighet, utnyttj as for att accelerera ingangsdelen och darfor icke helt gar fOrlorad eller omvandlas i varme, som liar icke kan utfora nagot nyttigt arbete. In accordance with an operation, removable torques are developed by briefly interrupting the excitation of the motor means and at the same time putting the coupling means into operation. This mode of operation can be described as a «positive» & eel: 5ring or «attraction moment» transmission and takes place in principle in the same direction as the force moment of the input part is selected. After the desired short-term positive moment or attraction moment has been delivered to the power take-off means (load), the coupling means are demagnetized, and the motor means are magnetized again, so that the input part Ater map is accelerated, at the same time as the output part is decelerated. The holding device effectively prevents the output part from rotating as soon as a torque acting in the opposite direction of rotation has caused the output part to stand almost still. A renewed magnetization of the motor means thus serves both to reduce the angular velocity of the output part to such an extent that the mechanically braking holding device can effectively bring the output part to a standstill, and at the same time to re-accelerate the input part to recover energy transferred to the output part. In other words, the device for reducing the angular velocity of the output part acts on the input part instead of on the stand, in that the energy required to brake or reduce the angular velocity of the output part is used to accelerate the input part and therefore is not completely lost or converted into heat, which liar can not perform any useful work.

Enligt ett annat driftsatt, som kan benamnas »positiv» overf5ring eller »repulsionsmoment»-Overforing, 6verfores utgangsmomentet i princip i motsatt riktning mot det av ingangsdelen utvecklade kraftmomen.tet. Ingfingsdelens normala kraftmoment Or baserat pa ett motorelementvarvtal, som Or lagre »fullt» eller maximalt motorvarvtal. Negativa utgangsmoment eller repulsionsmoment erhallas genom att kortvarigt magnetisera motororganen ytterligare, medan kopplingsorganen icke paverkas och fasthallnings- eller bromsanordningen är franslagen. Sedan det avsedda kortvariga (eller tillfalliga) »negativa» eller repulsionsmomentet avgivits till kraftuttagsorganet (belastningen), avmagnetiseras motororganen och magnetiseras kopplingsorganen, sa. att ingangsdelen kan retarderas, samtidigt som Oven utgangsdelen retarderas. Fasthallningsanordningen kan aven har slas till for att hindra utgangsdelen Iran att rotera, sa snart som kopplingsverkan liar medfort att utgangsdelen nastan star stilla. According to another mode of operation, which may be called "positive" transmission or "repulsion torque" transmission, the output torque is in principle transmitted in the opposite direction to the power torque developed by the input part. The normal torque of the input part Or is based on a motor element speed, which Or stores «full» or maximum motor speed. Negative output or repulsion moments are obtained by briefly magnetizing the motor means further, while the coupling means are not affected and the holding or braking device is fringed. After the intended short-term (or accidental) "negative" or repulsive moment is delivered to the power take-off means (load), the motor means are demagnetized and the coupling means are magnetized, said. that the input part can be retarded, at the same time as the Oven output part is retarded. The retaining device may also have been turned on to prevent the output part Iran from rotating, as soon as the coupling action causes the output part to almost stand still.

Ingangs- och utgangsdelarna kunna vara f6rsedda med separata, samverkande motoroch kopplingsorgan, eller ocksa kan ingangsdelen enligt ett alternativ vara forsedd med separata motor- och kopplingsorgan, vilka selektivt samverka med ett gemensamt organ pa utgangsdelen. I andra utforingsformer av uppfinningen kan ingangsdelen vara forsedd med en enkel lindning, som selektivt eller alternativt kan bringas att verka som antingen motororgan eller kopplingsorgan, och utgangsdelen kan vara forsedd med ett enda organ, som kan samverka med ingangsdelens had-fling, vare sig denna fungerar som motororgan eller som kopplingsorgan. Ytterligare en annan kombination kan tankas innefatta ett enda organ ph ingangsdelen, varvid detta organ skulle vara anordnat att selektivt fungera sasom antingen motor- eller kopplingsorgan, medan utgangsdelen kan vara forsedd med saval motor- som kopplingsorgan, vilka darvid selektivt kunna fungera for att samverka med det enda organet pa ingangsdelen, beroende pa ern delta organ matas for att verka som motor eller som koppling. The input and output parts may be provided with separate, cooperating motor and coupling means, or the input part may alternatively be provided with separate motor and coupling means, which selectively cooperate with a common means on the output part. In other embodiments of the invention, the input part may be provided with a simple winding, which can be selectively or alternatively acted as either motor means or coupling means, and the output part may be provided with a single means, which can cooperate with the had-flake of the input part, whether acts as motor means or as coupling means. Yet another combination may be considered to comprise a single member ph the input part, this member being arranged to function selectively as either motor or coupling means, while the output part may be provided with both motor and coupling means, which may thereby selectively function to cooperate with the only means on the input part, depending on which delta means are fed to act as a motor or as a coupling.

Mekaniska utforingsformer. Mechanical embodiments.

Den i fig. 1 och 2 visade utforingsformen av apparaten enligt uppfinningen Or forsedd med ett par inbordes roterbart anordnade organ eller »delar» (huvuddelar) 10 och 26, vilka hada Oro roterbara relativt stativet 11. I foreliggande fall Or utgangsdelen (»innerdelen») 26 med kilforband fast vid den axel 12, som tjanar som kraftuttagsaxel. Ingangsdelen (»innerdelen») 10 Or med ett par lager 20 roterbart lagrad p0 axeln 12. The embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is provided with a pair of inboard rotatably arranged members or "parts" (main parts) 10 and 26, which had rotatable relative to the frame 11. ) 26 with wedge joints attached to the shaft 12, which serves as the PTO shaft. The input part («inner part») 10 Or with a pair of bearings 20 rotatably mounted on the shaft 12.

Sasom allmant angivits i det foregaende, Or var och en av de bada roterbara delarna eller rotorerna 10 och 26 forsedd med samverkande elektromagnetiska organ, och i den visade utforingsformen bildas dessa organ vid ingangsdelen 10 av faltlindningar 14 och en platlamellkarna 15 samt vid utgangsdelen 26 av en ankarplatkarna 17 och ankarlindningar 19. Ingangs- och utgangsdelarnas lindningar 14 och 19 kunna vara anordnade pa nagot av ett flertal olika salt for att ett vridande moment skall utvecklas mellan de bada delarna 10 och 26, och stromtillfOrseln kan pa allmant brukligt salt ske med hj alp av (icke visade) slapringar och/eller kommutator-, eller kollektor-, ringar. Detta innebar, att de bada delarna kunna bilda delar av en i och for sig 4-- — sedvanlig likstroms- eller vaxelstromsmotor; pa ritningarna antydes emellertid schematiskt en induktionsmotorkonstruktion, vid vilken vaxelstrams- eller likstramsmagnetisering anvandes for ingangsdelens elektromagnetiska organ. Utgangsdelens 26 motororgan visas har vara av typen med kortsluten ankarlindning, men konstruktionen med s. k. lindad, eller slapringad, rotor kan ocksa tillampas i vissa fall. Da ingangsdelen 10 ãr avsedd att bilda den energiackumulerande och -magasinerande massa, frau vilken energi i form av vridkraft kortvarigt skall uttagas, är delen 10 sa beskaffad, att den har ett mycket stort traghetsmornent med avseende pa rotationsaxeln, exempelvis genom att den är forsedd med en stor ringformig massa 13. As generally stated in the foregoing, each of the two rotatable parts or rotors 10 and 26 is provided with cooperating electromagnetic means, and in the embodiment shown these means are formed at the input part 10 of field windings 14 and a plate lamella core 15 and at the output part 26 of an anchor plates 17 and anchor windings 19. The windings 14 and 19 of the input and output parts can be arranged on any of a number of different salts in order for a rotating moment to develop between the two parts 10 and 26, and the power supply can be made on common salt with high alp of (not shown) slap rings and / or commutator, or collector, rings. This meant that the two parts could form parts of a per se 4-- - usual DC or AC motor; In the drawings, however, an induction motor construction is schematically indicated, in which alternating current or direct current magnetization is used for the electromagnetic means of the input part. The motor means of the output part 26 are shown to be of the type with a short-circuited anchor winding, but the construction with a so-called wound, or slack-ringed, rotor can also be applied in some cases. Since the input part 10 is intended to form the energy accumulating and storing mass, from which energy in the form of torque is to be extracted briefly, the part 10 is of such a nature that it has a very large moment of inertia with respect to the axis of rotation, for example by being provided with a large annular mass 13.

For att fullborda den allmanna uppbyggnaden av den i fig. 1 och 2 visade utforingsformen av maskinen enligt uppfinningen, aro samverkande mekaniska bromsorgan 48 anordnade mellan, i foreliggande fall, utgangsdelen 26 °eh stativet 11, och det är hdr lampligt att anvanda en friktionsbroms av en typ, som allmant anvandes och kan erhallas pA den allmanna marknaden. In order to complete the general construction of the embodiment of the machine according to the invention shown in Figs. a type which is widely used and can be obtained on the general market.

Anordningen for lagring av ingangsdelen 10 pa axeln 12 innefattar ett par gaveldelar 16 och 18, som aro fasta intill motsatta andytor pa. ingangsdelen och lagrade med hjalp av ovannamnda rullningslager 20 pa axeln 12. En forlangning av axelns 12 hogra andparti (fig. 2) Or avsedd att pa lampligt satt kopplas till en anordning eller maskin for utforande av nyttigt arbete. Axelns vanstra ande Or forsedd med en hylsa 22, som uppbar ett flertal elektriska stromkollektorringar 21, 23, 25, 27 och 29. I fig. 2 visas alltsa fern kollektorringar, men i verkligheten han antalet dylika ringar varieras godtyckligt for att tillgodose anordningens olika stromforsorjningsbehov Iran fall till fall, sasom kommer att forklaras narmare i det foljande. The device for storing the entrance part 10 on the shaft 12 comprises a pair of end parts 16 and 18, which are fixed next to opposite end faces on. the entrance part and stored by means of the above-mentioned rolling bearings 20 on the shaft 12. An extension of the right-hand end portion of the shaft 12 (Fig. 2) is intended to be suitably connected to a device or machine for performing useful work. The left end of the shaft is provided with a sleeve 22 which carried a plurality of electric current collector rings 21, 23, 25, 27 and 29. Fig. 2 shows four collector rings, but in reality the number of such rings is arbitrarily varied to meet the different power supply needs of the device. Iran case by case, as will be explained in more detail below.

Utgangsdelen 26 (innerdelen) är fast forbunden med axeln 12 med hjalp av laskilar 28 e. d. och kan rotera koaxiellt med ingangsdelen 10 (ytterdelen) inuti derma. Utgangsdelen 26 Or som namnt forsedd med elektriska sjalvinduktionslindningar 19 kring sin yttre omkrets 32, och lindningarna pa denna del aro faretradesvis av kortsluten typ. Pa allmant brukligt satt aro lampligen luftkanaler 34 anordnade i ingangsdelens 10 cylindriska mantel och lufthfil 36 och 37 dro upptagna rotorernas gavlar 38 resp. 16, 18. Det liar i det foregaende angivits, att ytterdelen 10 tja.- nar som drivande del eller ingangsdel, medan innerdelen 26 tjanar som utgangsdel eller driven del, men det inses, att denna relation mellan ingangs- och utgangsdelarnas resp. funktioner lika vOl kan vara den omvanda. Det inses Oven, att anordnandet av ingangsoch utgangsdelarna koncentriskt, den ena inuti den andra, icke ãr flagon absolut forutsatt ning far att anordningen enligt uppfinningen skall fungera p5 avsett satt, Oven om denna lagesrelation mellan de bada delarna Or den lampligaste. Salunda visar fig. 6 som exempel en anordning, vid vilken ingangs- och utgangsdelarna rotera i inb8rdes parallella plan, sasom kommer att beskrivas narmare i det foljande. Bromsorgan av sedvanlig typ kunna Oven lampligen anordnas pa. axeln 12 for att bringa utgangsdelen till slutligt stillestand vid vissa driftsatt far anordningen enligt uppfinningen, medan man vid andra driftsatt for maskinen kan anvanda i endast ena rotationsriktningen verksamma bromsar, s. k. »envagsbromsar», i stallet far i bada rotationsriktningarna verkande bromsar. En med envagsbroms fOrsedd maskin enligt uppfinningen visas i fig. 7 och kommer att beskrivas narmare i det foljande. The output part 26 (inner part) is fixedly connected to the shaft 12 by means of welding wedges 28 and the like and can rotate coaxially with the input part 10 (outer part) inside it. The output part 26 Or, as mentioned, is provided with electrical self-induction windings 19 around its outer circumference 32, and the windings on this part are dangerously of the short-circuited type. In a generally customary manner, air ducts 34 arranged in the cylindrical jacket of the entrance part 10 and air vents 36 and 37 are suitably drawn on the ends 38 of the accommodated rotors respectively. 16, 18. It has been stated in the foregoing that the outer part 10 serves as a driving part or input part, while the inner part 26 serves as an output part or driven part, but it is understood that this relationship between the input and output parts resp. functions equal vOl can be the converted. It is to be understood, moreover, that the arrangement of the input and output parts concentrically, one inside the other, is not absolutely necessary provided that the device according to the invention is to function as intended, whether or not this layer relationship between the two parts is the most appropriate. Thus, Fig. 6 shows by way of example a device in which the input and output parts rotate in mutually parallel planes, as will be described in more detail in the following. Braking means of the usual type can also be conveniently arranged on. shaft 12 in order to bring the output part to a final standstill at certain operating devices of the device according to the invention, while at other operating modes the machine can be used brakes acting in only one direction of rotation, so-called "one-way brakes", instead of brakes acting in both directions of rotation. A machine with one-way brake according to the invention is shown in Fig. 7 and will be described in more detail in the following.

Om intervallet mellan operationerna Or kort, kan det handa, att den energimagasinerande motor- eller drivningsverkan mellan ingangsdelen 10 och utgangsdelen 26 icke varar under tillrackligt lang tid for att alla svanghjulets energiforluster skola hinna kompenseras. Resten av energiforlusterna, som forbrukats under periodens for nyttigt arbete utnyttjade del, maste dadar tillfaras med yttre hjalpmedel, t. ex. i form av en liten elmotor 46, som med kilremmar 50 samverkar med ingangsdelen 10. Kilremmarna 50 Oro inlagda i vanliga kilremsspar 42 och 52, anordnade i ingangsdelens 10 cylindriska mantel 40 resp. motorns remskiva 44. Till RUA av utgangsdelens 26 och ingangsdelens 10 elektromotoriska verkan, kan elmotorn 46 vara avsevart mindre On som eljest skulle kravas far att driva en med svanghjul arbetande maskin av sedvanlig typ. If the interval between operations Or is short, the energy-storing motor or driving action between the input part 10 and the output part 26 may not last for a sufficiently long time for all the energy losses of the flywheel to be compensated. The rest of the energy losses, which were consumed during the period used for useful work, must be supplied with external aids, e.g. in the form of a small electric motor 46, which cooperates with V-belts 50 with the entrance part 10. The V-belts 50 motor pulley 44. For the RUA of the electromotive action of the output part 26 and the input part 10, the electric motor 46 may be considerably smaller On which would otherwise be required to drive a flywheel machine of the usual type.

Maskinen enligt fig. 1 och 2 representerar endast ett exempel pa. ingangs- och utgangsdelarnas 10, 26 anordnande. Andra anordningar, som falla inom ramen for uppfinningstanken, inses utan vidare av fackmannen med ledning av foreliggande beskrivning Over uppfinningen. Sasom visas i fig. 3, Or det exempelvis mojligt att fasta induktionslindningar 60 pa ingangsdelens inre periferiyta och magnetiseringslindningar 62 pa utgangsdelens 26 yttre periferiyta utan avsteg frail den i det foregaende beskrivna teorien for uppfinningens funktionssatt. The machine according to Figs. 1 and 2 represents only one example of. arrangement of the input and output parts 10, 26. Other devices which fall within the scope of the inventive concept will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the present description of the invention. As shown in Fig. 3, it is possible, for example, to fasten induction windings 60 on the inner peripheral surface of the input part and magnetizing windings 62 on the outer peripheral surface of the output part 26 without deviating from the theory of the invention described above.

Fig. 4 visar ytterligare en mojlig utforingsform av uppfinningen, vid vilken utgangsdelen 64 Or fast forbunden med axeln 12 och ingangsdelen 66 Or fast forbunden med en axel 12' pa sadant satt, att den kan rotera inuti utga.ngsdelen 64. Anordningen for drivning av ingangsdelen 66 kan besta av ett ringformigt, roterbart organ 68, exempelvis ett svanghjul, eller av ett mellankopplat Overforingsorgan, som Or forbundet med ett svanghjul. I denna utf8ringsform Oro magnetiseringslindningar 70 anbragta pa utgangsdelens — — 64 insida och induktionslindningar 72 pa ingangsdelens 66 utsida, men det inses, att Oven ett omvant arrangemang kan tillampas. Fig. 4 shows a further possible embodiment of the invention, in which the output part 64 is fixedly connected to the shaft 12 and the input part 66 is fixedly connected to a shaft 12 'in such a way that it can rotate inside the output part 64. The device for driving the input part 66 may consist of an annular, rotatable member 68, for example a flywheel, or of an intermediate coupled transfer means, such as Or connected to a flywheel. In this embodiment, magnetizing windings 70 are provided on the inside of the output part - - 64 and induction windings 72 on the outside of the input part 66, but it will be appreciated that a reverse arrangement may also be applied.

Den i fig. 5 visade utforingsformen av uppfinningen liknar konstruktionen enligt fig. 4 utom dad, att en enda axel 12 anvandes, varvid ingangsdelen 66 ãr fritt roterbart lagrad pa axeln 12 inuti utgangsdelen, som är fast forbunden med axeln 12. The embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 5 is similar to the construction according to Fig. 4 except that a single shaft 12 is used, the input part 66 being freely rotatably mounted on the shaft 12 inside the output part, which is fixedly connected to the shaft 12.

Den i fig. 6 visade utforingsformen av maskinen exemplifierar uppfinningens tillampning for andra driftfall an sadana, som forutsatta radialkoncentriskt anordnade, inbOrdes roterbara delar, sadana som inner- och ytterdelarna 10 och 26 osv. enligt fig. 1-5. I anordningen enligt fig. 6 ha delarna 10 och 26 i huvudsak samma ytterdiameter och aro anordnade axiellt intill varandra. Ingangsdelen 10 ãr utformad med en energiackumulerande massa eller svanghjulsdel 13 och dr fOrsedd med lindningar 14, belagna axiellt mitt fOr darmed samverkande lindningar 19 pa. utgangsdelen 26. En bromsanordning 48 (fig. 2), vilken eventuellt kan besta av en envagskoppling i enlighet med vad som visas i fig. 7) tjanar till att fixera axeln 12 relativt maskinstativet, sh snart som den elektromotoriska verkan har minskat den utgaende axelns vinkelhastighet till noll. The embodiment of the machine shown in Fig. 6 exemplifies the application of the invention to other operating cases other than those provided with radially concentrically arranged rotatable parts, such as the inner and outer parts 10 and 26, and so on. according to Figs. 1-5. In the device according to Fig. 6, the parts 10 and 26 have substantially the same outer diameter and are arranged axially next to each other. The entrance part 10 is formed with an energy-accumulating mass or flywheel part 13 and is provided with windings 14, coated axially in the middle for co-winding windings 19 pa. an output part 26. A braking device 48 (Fig. 2), which may optionally consist of a one-way clutch in accordance with what is shown in Fig. 7) serves to fix the shaft 12 relative to the machine frame, as soon as the electromotive action has reduced the output shaft angular velocity to zero.

I vissa tillampningsfall for maskinen enligt uppfinningen kan det forntses, att axelns 12 rotation i negativ riktning, dvs. motsatt ingangsdelens 10 rotationsriktning, ieke erfordras eller t. o. m. icke är onskvard. I enlighet med fig. 7 Or maskinen salunda konstruerad for uttagning av vridmoment i en enda rotationsriktning, och denna forenkling av problemet mojliggor i vissa tillampningsfall att man kan avvara bromsen 48 (fig. 2). Vid denim anordning kunna atskilliga av delarna vara desamma som beskrivits i anslutning till fig. 1 och 2, och dessa delar Oro darfor forsedda med samma hanvisningsbeteckningar som i dessa figurer. Van och en av de roterbara in-gangs- och utgangsdelarna 10 och 26 kunna rotera kring en gemensam axel oberoende av maskinstativet 11. Utgangsdelen 26 Or Oven har fast forbunden med axeln 12, vilken anvandes for att avgiva ett uttagbart vridmoment. I den visade utforingsformen faststalles med hjalp av en endast i ena rotationsriktningen verkande bromsanordning, exempelvis i form av en rullkoppling (frihjulskoppling) 90, att axeln 12 endast kan rotera i den ena riktningen i forhallande till stativet 11. Matningen av magnetiseringslindningarna 14 for att astadkomma en elektromotorisk verkan sker fOretrades-vis pa shdant salt, att det darigenom alstrade relativa vridmomentet medfor att envangsbromsen eller -kopplingen 90 ansattes mot stativet 11 for att verkstalla direkt fixering av utgangsdelen relativt stativet, varigenom ingangsdelen kan bibringas maxi-malt varvtal, sa snart som axelns 12 vinkel hastighet har nedgatt till noll. En manoveranordning for drift av maskinen enligt uppfinningen med envagsbromsning visas salematiskt i fig. 8, som liknar fig. 17 med undantag av att manOverforbindningar for bromsen saknas. Programdelen 200 och den manuella stoppanordningen 210 aro avsedda att paverka reladelen 202 for matning av magnetiseringsstrom till lindningarna 14, i ena fallet for att astadkomma elektromotorisk drivning 204 och i andra fallet for att sla till kopplingen (via organet 206). Relfidelen 202 Or anordnad att, forutom sin reldfunktion, ombesorja sadana modulerings- och likriktningsfunktioner, som erfordras i vissa tilllampningsfall for uppfinningen. In certain application cases for the machine according to the invention it can be seen that the rotation of the shaft 12 in the negative direction, i.e. opposite to the direction of rotation of the input part 10, is not required or even not desired. According to Fig. 7, the machine is thus designed to take out torque in a single direction of rotation, and this simplification of the problem makes it possible in certain application cases that the brake 48 can be dispensed with (Fig. 2). In the case of a denim device, several of the parts may be the same as described in connection with Figs. 1 and 2, and these parts are therefore provided with the same reference numerals as in these figures. The vane and one of the rotatable input and output parts 10 and 26 can rotate about a common axis independently of the machine frame 11. The output part 26 Or is fixedly connected to the shaft 12, which is used to deliver a removable torque. In the embodiment shown, by means of a braking device acting only in one direction of rotation, for example in the form of a roller clutch (freewheel clutch) 90, it is determined that the shaft 12 can only rotate in one direction relative to the frame 11. The supply of the magnetizing windings 14 to provide an electromotive action takes place in such a way that the relative torque thus generated causes the single-stroke brake or clutch 90 to be applied to the frame 11 to effect direct fixation of the output part relative to the frame, whereby the input part can be imparted as soon as maximum speed the angular velocity of the shaft 12 has decreased to zero. A control device for operating the machine according to the invention with one-way braking is shown salematically in Fig. 8, which is similar to Fig. 17 except that operating connections for the brake are missing. The program part 200 and the manual stop device 210 are intended to actuate the relay part 202 for supplying excitation current to the windings 14, in one case to provide electromotive drive 204 and in the other case to strike the coupling (via the means 206). The rail part 202 is arranged to provide, in addition to its rail function, such modulation and rectification functions as are required in certain application cases of the invention.

For drift med envagsbromsning och for start frau stillestand matas lindningarna 14 for erhallande av elektromotorisk verkan, och denna elektromotoriska verkan medf Or att ingangsdelen 10 kan bringas rotera med full-vary eller tillnarmelsevis fullvarv. Reladelen 202 phverkas da for att avbryta matningen av magnetiseringslindningarna 14 i riktningen for elektromotorisk drivning och i stallet mata dessa lindningar 14 for att astadkomma kopplingsverkan, sa att ingangsdelen 10 praktiskt taget lases vid utgangsdelen 26 och vid axeln 12 samt vridmoment avges till kraftuttagsaxeln, sa. lange som lindningarna 14 p0 delta satt matas fOr kopplingsverkan. DA ettdera av organen 200 och 210 i foreliggande fall bestammer, att kopplingsverkan skall upphOra, kastas reladelen 202 om for att mata lindningarna 14 for motorverkan och Ora dem overksamma med avseende p0 kopplingsverkan. Detta medfor omedelbart, att axeln 12 retarderas och att ingangsdelen 10 Ater accelereras. Sedan axelns varvtal nedgatt till noll, astadkommer envagskopplingen eller -bromsen 90 att den lases relativt maskinstativet 11. I detta lage kan ingangsdelen accelereras ytterligare, om sa. erfordras. For one-way braking operation and for starting from a standstill, the windings 14 are fed to obtain electromotive action, and this electromotive action means that the input part 10 can be made to rotate at full-vary or approximately full-speed. The relay part 202 is then actuated to interrupt the supply of the excitation windings 14 in the direction of electromotive drive and instead feed these windings 14 to provide a coupling action, so that the input part 10 is practically read at the output part 26 and at the shaft 12 and torque is delivered to the PTO shaft. lange as the windings 14 p0 delta sat fed for coupling effect. When one of the means 200 and 210 in the present case determines that the coupling action is to cease, the relay part 202 is reversed in order to supply the windings 14 for motor action and leave them inactive with respect to the coupling action. This immediately causes the shaft 12 to decelerate and the input part 10 to accelerate again. After the shaft speed has been reduced to zero, the one-way clutch or brake 90 causes it to be read relative to the machine frame 11. In this position, the input part can be further accelerated, if so. required.

Det inses salunda, att de i fig. 3, 4, 5, 6 och 7 visade utforingsformerna av uppfinningen ha i princip samma arbetssat som utforingsformen enligt fig. 1 och 2. I samtliga fall erhalles den onskade kontrollen Over det utvecklade vridmomentet genom selektiv och modulerad tillforsel av magnetiserande vaxeloch likstrom till den ena rotorns magnetiseringslindningar, varigenom lampliga elektromagnetiska krafter induceras i den andra rotorns induktionslindningar, sa att man kan erhalla vridmoment av varje Onskad storlek och varje onskad grad av acceleration eller retardation valfritt hos den ena eller den andra av ingangs- och utgangsdelarna. It will thus be appreciated that the embodiments of the invention shown in Figures 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 have in principle the same mode of operation as the embodiment according to Figures 1 and 2. In all cases the desired control over the developed torque is obtained by selective and modulated supply of magnetizing alternating wax and direct current to the magnetizing windings of one rotor, thereby inducing pulsed electromagnetic forces in the induction windings of the other rotor, so that torque of any desired size and any desired degree of acceleration or deceleration of any input - and the output parts.

Kopplingssatt for faltlindningarna (fig. 0-16). Coupling set for the field windings (fig. 0-16).

Del hanvisas i det foljande till de figurer (fig. 9-16), som sarskilt askadliggora olika kopplingssatt som kunna tillampas for in- 6-- -- ghngsdelens 10 lindningar for att astadkomma vridmoment ph i det foregaende angivet salt. In the following, reference is made to the figures (Figs. 9-16), which in particular damage various coupling sets which can be applied to the windings of the input part 10 in order to provide torque ph in the previously stated salt.

I den i fig. 1 och 2 som exempel visade utforingsformen av uppfinningen tillfOras lindningarna 14 likstrommar och yaxelstrommar via kollektor- eller kommutatorringarna 21, 23, 25, 27 och 29 samt forbindelsekabeln 31 ph satt, som utan vidare inses av en elektroteknisk fackman (se oxen fig. 9). Programdelen 200 maths med hj alp ay reladelen 202 vaxelstrain till de enskilda spolarna eller faserna 100, 102 och 104 ay ingangsdelens 10 lindningar 14 under formedling av kollektorringarna 23, 25 och 27. Program&len kan dessutom selektivt dirigera likstrom till alla tre spolarna 100, 102 och 104 samtidigt, oak en Indian nollpunkten 106 och kollektorringen 29 inkopplad ledare tjanar som gemensam aterledare. In the exemplary embodiment of the invention shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the windings 14 are supplied with direct currents and shaft currents via the collector or commutator rings 21, 23, 25, 27 and 29 and the connecting cable 31 oxen Fig. 9). The program part 200 is maths with the aid of the relay part 202 alternating current to the individual coils or phases 100, 102 and 104 on the windings 14 of the input part 10 during the formation of the collector rings 23, 25 and 27. The program can also selectively direct direct current to all three coils 100, 102 and 104 at the same time, an Indian zero point 106 and the collector ring 29 connected conductor serve as a common return conductor.

I fig. 10 visas en utfOringsform som liknar anordningen enligt fig. 9 men liar en slap-ring mindre saint enklare lindningar. Denna utforingsform Sr aysedd att anvIndas, om forhallandevis mindre kopplingsmoment erfordras och/eller om utrustningens anskaffningskostnad Sr en viktig eller dominerande faktor att ta hansyn till. For vaxelstr5msmatning av magnetiseringslindningarna 14 finnas har vanliga stjarnkopplade fasspolar 100, 102 och 101 av standardtyp, vilka genom forbindelseledare 160, 162 resp. 164 aro anslutna till var sin ay slapringarna 21, 23 och 25 p5 vanligt salt. Magnetiserande v5xelstrom och likstrom tillfores alternativt med hj alp ay reladelen 202, som genom en ledare 109 Sr ansluten till programdelen 200. For drift av maskinen enligt denna utforingsform av uppfinningen haves ay programdelen 200 och reladelen 202 ingenting annat an att de skola koppla om frau det ena till det andra slaget ay magnetisering (vaxel- till likstromsmagnetisering och omvant). Med reladelen 202 installd fOr vaxelstromsmagnetisering aro spolarna 100, 102 och 104 stjarnkopplade for drift med motor- eller repulsionsmoment. Med reladelen 202 installd for likstromsmagnetisering aro tva ay de Ire lindningsspolarna, t. ex. spolarna 100 och 102 genom tva ay de Ire slapringarna, exempelvis slapringarna 21 och 23, och ledningarna 166 och 168 seriekopplade med reladelen 202 for drift med kopplings- eller attraktionsmoment. Fig. 10 shows an embodiment which is similar to the device according to Fig. 9 but has a slack ring less than simpler windings. This embodiment is intended to be used if relatively less coupling torque is required and / or if the acquisition cost of the equipment is an important or dominant factor to consider. For alternating current supply of the excitation windings 14 there are standard star-coupled phase coils 100, 102 and 101 of standard type, which by connecting conductors 160, 162 and 164 are connected to each of the slap rings 21, 23 and 25 p5 ordinary salt. Magnetizing alternating current and direct current are alternatively supplied by means of the relay part 202, which is connected to the program part 200 by a conductor 109. For operation of the machine according to this embodiment of the invention, the program part 200 and the rela part 202 have nothing else to switch from one to the other kind of ay magnetization (alternating current to DC magnetization and vice versa). With the relay part 202 set for alternating current, the coils 100, 102 and 104 are star-coupled for operation with motor or repulsion torque. With the relay part 202 installed for direct current excitation, there are two of the Irish winding coils, e.g. the coils 100 and 102 through two of the lower slap rings, for example the slap rings 21 and 23, and the leads 166 and 168 are connected in series with the relay part 202 for operation with coupling or attraction torque.

Fig. 11 visar schematiskt ett annat kopplingssatt for lindningarna 14. Tre spolar 100, 102 och 104 aro stjarnkopplade for Axelstromsmatning och seriekopplade f5r likstromsmatning. Som synes, aro spolarna 100 och 102 anslutna till en gemensam fOrbindningspunkt 106 och med sina motsatta andar kopplade till var sin ay slapringarna 21 och 23. Spolen 104 Sr med sin ena ande ansluten till slapringen 25 mit med sin andra ande till slapringen 27. Fig. 11 schematically shows another connection set for the windings 14. Three coils 100, 102 and 104 are star-connected for shaft current supply and connected in series for direct current supply. As can be seen, the coils 100 and 102 are connected to a common connection point 106 and with their opposite spirits connected to each of the slap rings 21 and 23. The coil 104 is connected with its one spirit to the slap ring 25 with its other spirit to the slap ring 27.

Den gemensamma forbindningspunkten 106 Sr ansluten direkt till slapringen 29. F6r att mata lindningarna 14 med vaxelstrom aro slapringarna genom ledningar 160, 162 och 164 anslutna till reladelen 202. Genom anslutning av spolen 104 till den gemensamma forbindningspunkten 106 bli lindningarna 14 salunda stjarnkopplade. For att astadkomma detta finnes ett omkopplingsorgan 110, som, dS programdelen 200 paverkar reladelen 202 for att mata spolarna 100, 102 och 104 for elektromotorisk drift, payerkas av den daryid vaxelstromsmatade reladelen 202 och for-binder slapringen 27 med slapringen 29, sa att spolen 104 salunda forbindes med punk-ten 106. For matning ay lindningarna 14 med likstrom, aro slapringarna 23 och 25 fOrbundna med reladelen 202 genom ledningar 166, och 168. Ett andra omkopplingsorgan 114, som paverkas ay reladelen 202, da denna matas med likstrom, Sr inkopplad mellan slapringarna 21 och 27 for att seriekoppla spolarna 100, 102 och 104. Denna forbindelse gar som synes fran reladelen 202 genom slapringen 23, spolen 102, den gemensamma f orbindningspunkten 106 och spolen 100 till slapringen 21. Omkopplingsorganet 111 sluter stromkretsen fran slapringen 21 genom slapringen 27, spolen 104 ()eh slapringen till reldanordningen 202. PS detta salt anvandas samma spolar 100, 102 och. 104 for saval likstroms- som vaxelstramsmagnetisering, beroende pa reladelens 202 tillstagslage och omkopplingsorganens 114 och 110 kopplingstillstand. The common connection point 106 is connected directly to the slip ring 29. To supply the windings 14 with alternating current, the slip rings are connected through wires 160, 162 and 164 to the relay part 202. By connecting the coil 104 to the common connection point 106, the windings 14 are thus star-connected. To accomplish this, there is a switching means 110 which, when the program portion 200 acts on the relay portion 202 to supply the coils 100, 102 and 104 for electromotive operation, is paid by the daryid AC-supplied relay portion 202 and connects the slap ring 27 to the slap ring 29 so that the coil 104 is thus connected to the point 106. For supply to the windings 14 with direct current, the slack rings 23 and 25 are connected to the relay part 202 through lines 166, and 168. A second switching means 114, which is actuated at the relay part 202, when this is supplied with direct current, Is connected between the sleeper rings 21 and 27 to connect the coils 100, 102 and 104 in series. This connection apparently goes from the relay part 202 through the sleeper ring 23, the coil 102, the common connection point 106 and the coil 100 to the sleeper ring 21. 21 through the slack ring 27, the coil 104 () and the slack ring to the reel device 202. PS this salt uses the same coils 100, 102 and. 104 for both direct current and alternating current magnetization, depending on the actuating condition of the relay 202 and the switching state of the switching means 114 and 110.

I anordningen enligt fig. 12 aro lindningsspolarna 100, 102 och 104 triangelkopplade. Reladelen 202 Sr genom ledningar 160, 162 och 164 ansluten till slapringarna 21, 23 och 25 och genom ledningar 166 och 168 till slapringarna 25 och 27. Slapringen 25 Sr ansluten till spolens 100 andpunkt 120, slapringen 23 Sr ansluten till forbindningspunkten 122 melIan spolarna 100 och 102, slapringen 21 Sr ansluten till forbindningspunkten 124 mellan spolarna 102 och 104, och spolens 104 motsatta andpunkt 126 Sr ansluten till slapringen 27. For vaxelstromsmatning av lindningarna slutes triangelkopplingen genom att spolens 100 andpunkt 120 sammankopplas med spolens 104 andpunkt 126, vilket sker med hjalp ay en vaxelstromspaverkad omkopplingsanordning 110, som omstalles ay reladelen 202, (la denna Sr vaxelstromsmatad, varvid den forbinder slapringarna 25 och 27 med varandra. For likstromsmatning av lindningarna forbindas slapringarna 25 och 27 med reladelen 202 genom ledningarna 166 och 168, varigenom spolarna 100, 102 och 104 seriekopplas. I detta fall erfordras ingen omkopplingsanordning, emedan lindningarna normalt befinna sig i serie med varandra, tills vaxelstromsomkopplingsorganet 110 sluter en triangelkoppling genom att forbinda andpunkterna 120 och 126 med varandra. — —7' De triangelkopplade lindningarna kunna ocksa vara parallellkopplade for likstromsmatning, sasom visas i fig. 13. Har liksom• enligt fig. 12 dr reladelen 202 forbunden med slapringarna 21, 23 och 25 genom motsvarande ledningar 160, 162 och 164 for vaxelstrOmsmatning, sasom brukligt i samband med el-. motordrift. Relddelen 202 Or dessutom for likstromsmatning forbunden med slapringarna 23 och 25 genom motsvarande ledningar 166 och 168. Da reladelen 202 är likstromsmatad, erhalles darvid en likstrom genom slapringen 23 till forbindningspunkten 122 mellan spolarna 100 och 102. Fran punkten 122 gar darefter en del av strommen genom spolen 100 till slapringen 25 samt tillbaka till reladelen 202. Den aterstdende delen av strommen gar i serie genom spolarna 102 och 104, parallellt med spolen 100, till slapringen 25 och tillbaka till reladelen 202, sa att en parallellkrets slutes. Med lindningarna parallellkopplade i stallet for seriekopplade for kopplingsverkan, passera starkare strommar genom lindningarna, sa att antalet amperevarv okas, och darmed det resulterande magnetiska flodet, varigenom en fastare kopplingsverkan uppnas. In the device according to Fig. 12, the winding coils 100, 102 and 104 are triangularly connected. The relay part 202 is connected by wires 160, 162 and 164 to the sleeper rings 21, 23 and 25 and by wires 166 and 168 to the sleeper rings 25 and 27. The sleeper ring 25 is connected to the end point 120 of the coil 100, the sleeper ring 23 is connected to the connection point 122 between the coils 100 and 102, the slip ring 21 is connected to the connection point 124 between the coils 102 and 104, and the opposite end point 126 of the coil 104 is connected to the slip ring 27. For alternating current supply of the windings, the triangular connection is closed assisted ay an AC-powered switching device 110, which is switched to the relay portion 202, (la this Sr AC-supplied, connecting the slap rings 25 and 27 to each other. , 102 and 104 are connected in series, in which case no switching device is required because the windings are normally in series with each other until the AC switching means 110 closes a triangular switch by connecting the end points 120 and 126 to each other. The triangular windings can also be connected in parallel for direct current supply, as shown in Fig. 13. As in Fig. 12, the relay part 202 is connected to the slack rings 21, 23 and 25 by corresponding lines 160, 162 and 164 for alternating current supply. as usual in connection with electricity. engine operation. In addition for direct current supply, the direct current 202 is supplied with direct current through the sleeper ring 23 to the connection point 122 between the coils 100 and 102. From the point 122 a part of the current then flows from the point 122. through the coil 100 to the slap ring 25 and back to the relay part 202. The remaining part of the current runs in series through the coils 102 and 104, parallel to the coil 100, to the slap ring 25 and back to the rela part 202, so that a parallel circuit is closed. With the windings connected in parallel instead of series connected for coupling action, stronger currents pass through the windings, so that the number of ampere revolutions is increased, and thus the resulting magnetic flux, whereby a firmer coupling effect is achieved.

En annan kopplingsanordning for lindningarna 14 visas i fig. 14. Spolarna 100, 102 och 104 Oro stjarnkopplade i den gemensamma f5rbindnings- eller nollpunkten 106 och ha sina motsatta andpunkter anslutna till slapringarna 21, 23 och 25, vilka i sin tur aro anslutna till reladelen 202 genom var sin led-fling 160, 162 och 164. For vaxelstromsmatning representera de tre spolarna saledes en normal stjarnkopplad lindningsanordning. FOr likstrEmsmatning aro spolarna 100 och 102 seriekopplade med hjalplindningar 130, 132 och 134, och reladelen 202 är genom ledningarna 166 och 168 forbunden med slapringarna. 23 och 27. Likstrom kommer shledes att passera fran reladelen 202 genom slapringen 23, spolen 102, nollpunkten 106 och spolen 100. Spolens 100 andpunkt 116 är genom en ledningstrad 128 forbunden med de seriekopplade hjalpspolarna 130, 132 och 134. Hjalpspolen 134 Or i sin tur under• formed-ling av slapringen 27 forbunden med relaanordningen 202. Vid denna anordning erfordras ingen omkopplingsanordning for omkoppling av lindningarna vid overgang Iran likstroms- till vaxelstromsmatning och omvant. Dessutom medfor anvandandet av hjalplindningar for likstromsmagnetisering att antalet tillgangliga amperevarv kraftigt Ras, sa. att ett visst kopplingsmoment mellan rotorerna kan uppnas med en svagare strom. Another coupling device for the windings 14 is shown in Fig. 14. The coils 100, 102 and 104 are star-coupled in the common connection point or zero point 106 and have their opposite opposite points connected to the slack rings 21, 23 and 25, which in turn are connected to the relay part. 202 through separate lead flaps 160, 162 and 164. For alternating current supply, the three coils thus represent a normal star-coupled winding device. For direct current supply, the coils 100 and 102 are connected in series with auxiliary windings 130, 132 and 134, and the relay part 202 is connected to the slack rings through the lines 166 and 168. 23 and 27. Direct current will thus pass from the relay part 202 through the slip ring 23, the coil 102, the zero point 106 and the coil 100. The end point 116 of the coil 100 is connected by a lead line 128 to the series-connected auxiliary coils 130, 132 and 134. The auxiliary coil 134 Or in its In this device, no switching device is required for switching the windings at transition Iran DC to AC supply and vice versa. In addition, the use of auxiliary windings for direct current magnetization means that the number of available ampere revolutions is greatly reduced, he said. that a certain coupling torque between the rotors can be achieved with a weaker current.

Vid de i fig. 9-14 visade_kopplingssatten utnyttjas antingen nagra eller alla lindningar for bade vaxerStronas- och likstromsmatning. Under vissa forhallanden Or det onskvart att anvanda separata lindningar for likstromsmatning och vaxelstriimsmatning, fOr att de hada stromkretsama skola vara oberoende av varandra i elektriskt avseende. Tva utforanden med separata lindningar visas som exempel i fig. 15 och 16. I hada dessa anordningar Or reladelen 202 ansluten till slapringarna 21, 23 och 25 for vaxelstromsmatning och till slapringarna 27 och 29 for likstromsmatning. Separata likstromsmagnetiseringslindningar 136 aro anslutna till slapringarna 27 och 29 for att fora endast den for elektromekanisk koppling erforderliga likstrommen. De ordinarie trefaslindningarna 100, 102 och 104 kunna vara antingen stjarnkopplade (fig. 15) eller triangelkopplade (fig. 16) och Oro anslutna till reladelen 202 under formedling av slapringarna 21, 23 och 25. In the coupling sets shown in Figs. 9-14, either some or all of the windings are used for both wax stronas and DC power supply. Under certain conditions it is undesirable to use separate windings for direct current supply and alternating current supply, in order for the circuits to be electrically independent of each other. Two embodiments with separate windings are shown as examples in Figs. 15 and 16. In these devices the relay part 202 is connected to the slap rings 21, 23 and 25 for alternating current supply and to the slap rings 27 and 29 for direct current supply. Separate direct current magnetizing windings 136 are connected to the slack rings 27 and 29 to carry only the direct current required for electromechanical coupling. The ordinary three-phase windings 100, 102 and 104 can be either star-coupled (Fig. 15) or triangular-coupled (Fig. 16) and Oro connected to the relay part 202 while forming the slack rings 21, 23 and 25.

Elektrisk manoverinrattning for positiv overforing av vridmoment. Electric maneuvering device for positive torque transmission.

(Fig. 17, 18.) En manoveranordning samt ett diagram Over en fullstandig period av ett typiskt arbetsforlopp visas i fig. 17 resp. 18. F5r automatiserad drift kan man anvanda den periodiskt arbetande programdelen 200 och en eller flera reladelar 202, vilka styra strommatningen av lindningarna 14 for samverkan med lindningarna 19 for att selektivt astadkomma repulsions- resp. attraktionsmoment mellan ingangsdelen - 10 och utgangsdelen 26. Lindningarna 14 antagas inbegripa »mutororgan» 204 och »kopplingsorgan» 206, vare sig de utgOras av separata lindningar eller blott en enda lindning, som matas vaxelvis f5r att forst astadkomma repulsionsmoment och darefter attraktionsmoment. Om sa onskas, kan en omkastare 208 omstallas for att forbikoppla programdelen 200 med hjalp av en manuell stoppanordning 210. Fasthallningsorganet 207, som kan bildas av den i fig. 2 visade mekaniska bromsen 48, visas har manovrerad under formedling av en sarskild reldanordning 212, till vilken Or ansluten en forsta manoverledning 214 frail. relaanordningen 202 samt en andra manoverledning 216 fran en varvtalskanslig anordning 218. Enligt fig. 2 ãr den varvtalskansliga anordningen 218 mekaniskt kopplad till den utgaende axeln 12, och anordningen Or foretradesvis sO. beskaffad, att relaet 212, da axelns 12 varvtal narmar sig noll, sluter en tillslagsstromkrets for fasthallningsanordningen 207, sa att den utgaende axeln 12 bromsas fast och salunda hindras fran att vrida sig. (Figs. 17, 18.) An operating device and a diagram Over a complete period of a typical workflow are shown in Figs. 17 resp. 18. For automated operation, the periodically operating program part 200 and one or more relay parts 202 may be used, which control the current supply of the windings 14 for co-operation with the windings 19 in order to selectively effect repulsion resp. attraction torque between the input part - 10 and the output part 26. The windings 14 are assumed to include «motor means» 204 and «coupling means» 206, whether they consist of separate windings or only a single winding, which is fed alternately to first produce repulsion torques and then attraction torques. If desired, a diverter 208 may be adapted to bypass the program part 200 by means of a manual stop device 210. The retaining means 207, which may be formed by the mechanical brake 48 shown in Fig. 2, is shown to have been maneuvered while transmitting a special electric device 212. to which Or connected a first control 214 frail. relay device 202 and a second control line 216 from a speed sensing device 218. According to Fig. 2, the speed sensing device 218 is mechanically coupled to the output shaft 12, and the device Or is preferably sO. provided that the relay 212, when the speed of the shaft 12 approaches zero, closes an on-circuit circuit for the holding device 207, so that the output shaft 12 is braked and thus prevented from turning.

For att bringa maskinen enligt uppfinningen att arbeta som sj dlvmatande primarmaskin eller som momentoverf5ringsanordning (som vridmoment avgivande organ, momentgivare), ansattes fasthallningsanordningen 207 mot axeln 12, sa att denna blir stational'. Ingangsdelens 10 lindningar 14 matas da. for att astadkomma repulsionsmoment mellan ingangsde-. len 10 och utgangsdelen 26, varigenom in gangsdelen paverkas av ett vridmoment rela-. 8— — tivt stativet, sã att denna del 10 drives med optimalt varvtal, arida tills ett utgaende moment skall avges med hjalp av axeln 12. Tidpunkten harfor bestammes antingen av programdelen 200 eller med hj alp av det manuella manoverorganet 210, beroende pi maskinens avsedda arbetssatt. Under kontroll av det ena eller andra av de hada organen 200 och 210 fungerar relaanordningen 202 for att sla ifran fasthallningsanordningen 207 och avbryta den matning av lindningarna 14, som medfor repulsionsmoment mellan ingangs- och utgangsdelarna 10, 26. Pa samma gang astadkommer relaanordningen 202 fornyad matning av lindningarna 14 pa sadant salt, att attraktionsmoment erhalles mellan de bada delarna, varigenom ingangsdelen 10 elektromagnetiskt lases eller kopplas till utgangsdelen 26 och darmed till kraftuttagsaxeln 12. In order to make the machine according to the invention work as a self-feeding primary machine or as a torque transmission device (as a torque emitting means, torque transmitter), the holding device 207 is employed against the shaft 12, so that it becomes stationary. The windings 14 of the input part 10 are then fed. to achieve repulsion moments between input de-. 10 and the output part 26, whereby the input part is affected by a torque rela-. 8— - the frame, so that this part 10 is driven at optimum speed, arida until an output torque is to be delivered by means of the shaft 12. The time for this is determined either by the program part 200 or by means of the manual actuator 210, depending on the intended machine employed. Under the control of one or the other of the had members 200 and 210, the relay device 202 functions to switch off the holding device 207 and interrupt the supply of the windings 14, which entails repulsive moments between the input and output parts 10, 26. At the same time, the relay device 202 provides renewed feeding the windings 14 on such salt that the moment of attraction is obtained between the two parts, whereby the input part 10 is electromagnetically read or connected to the output part 26 and thus to the PTO shaft 12.

Dessa funktionsforlopp visas grafiskt i fig. 18, dar den skuggade remsan 220 representerar den matning av lindningarna 14, som medf5r ovannamnda repulsionsmoment mellan ingangs- och utgangsdelarna 10, 26, den. skuggade remsan 222 representerar lindningamas 14 matning for astadkommande av attraktionsmoment mellan ingangs- och utgangsdelama, och den skuggade remsan 224 representerar den perioddel, under vilken fasthallningsanordningen 207 ar tillslagen for att halla kraftuttagsaxeln 12 stationar. These functions are shown graphically in Fig. 18, where the shaded strip 220 represents the feed of the windings 14 which entails the above-mentioned repulsion moments between the input and output parts 10, 26. the shaded strip 222 represents the feed of the windings 14 to provide torque between the input and output portions, and the shaded strip 224 represents the period portion during which the retaining device 207 is turned on to hold the PTO shaft 12 stations.

Sasom angivits i det foregaende, benamnes det matningstillstand hos lindningarna 14, i vilket repulsionsmoment erhalles mellan in-gangs- och utgangsdelarna aven »motordrift, medan det matningstillstand hos lindningarna, I vilket attraktionsmoment erhalles mellan dessa delar, awn benamnes >Omsesidig kopplinp eller >>elektromagnetisk kopplingsdriftz. med avseende pa de hada delarna. Saval kopplingsverkan som motorverkan kan tillampas selektivt for att astadkomma dynamisk bromsning av den utgaende axelns rotation. Detta slags bromsning b5r icke fOrvaxlas med den statiska bromsning eller fasthallning av axeln, som astadkommes med hjalp av fasthallningsanordningen 207. De hjalpmedel, varigenom namnda motorfunktion och kopplingsfunktion hos de med lindningarna 19 samverkande lindningarna 14 utnyttjas for att astadkomma dynamisk bromsning av den utgaende axeln 12, komma att beskrivas narmare i det foljande. Tills vidare racker det med att ange, att saval attraktionsmoment, som repulsions-moment kunna utnyttj as for att driva maskinen, och att omvant sa.val repulsionsmoment som attraktionsmoment eljest kunna utnyttjas for dynamisk bromsning av maskinen. Om salunda repulsionsmomenten utnyttjas for drivning av maskinen, anvandes i stallet attraktionsmomentet for dynamisk bromsning av den utga.ende axeln 12, och om andra sidan attraktionsmomentet utnyttjas for drivning av maskinen, sd anvandas repulsions momenten for dynamisk bromsning av den. utgaende axeln 12. Detta gar maskinens driftmojligheter nara nog allsidiga, emedan maskinen kan fungera lika val i positiv som i negativ riktning. As stated above, the feed state of the windings 14, in which repulsion torque is obtained between the input and output parts of motor operation, while the feed state of the windings, in which torque is obtained between these parts, is called> Mutual coupling line or >> electromagnetic clutch operationz. with respect to the hada parts. Saval clutch action as well as motor action can be applied selectively to achieve dynamic braking of the output shaft rotation. This type of braking should not be confused with the static braking or restraining of the shaft provided by the restraining device 207. , will be described in more detail in the following. For the time being, it suffices to state that any moment of attraction, such as repulsion moment, can be used to drive the machine, and that conversely one moment of repulsion moment as moment of attraction can otherwise be used for dynamic braking of the machine. If the repulsive torque is used to drive the machine, the attraction torque is used for dynamic braking of the output shaft 12, and if the other side torque is used to drive the machine, then the repulsive torque is used for dynamic braking of it. output shaft 12. This makes the machine's operating possibilities almost versatile, because the machine can operate equally in the positive as in the negative direction.

Den erhallna attraktionsmoment- eller Omsesidiga elektromagnetiska kopplingsverkan är sadan, att ingangs- och utgangsdelarna 10 och 26 praktiskt taget bindas vid eller kopplas samman med varandra, sa att de OverfOra ingangsdelens 10 svanghjulsenergi eller kraftmoment direkt till den utgaende axeln 12. Den tid, under vilken detta kraftmoment overfores, kan be,stammas pa flera olika salt, men. i den visade utforingsformen anvandes programdelen 200 som ett exempel pa organ for verkstallande av i fOrvag bestamda eller automatiskt givna order betraffande tiden f Or den. tillfalliga kopplingsverkan. Sa snart som kopplingsperioden är slut, omstalles relaanordningen 202 av organet 200 eller organet 210 fOr att avbryta matningen av lindningarna 14 sasom kopplingsorgan och astadkomma fornyad matning av dem f8r motordrift. Denna funktion representeras av den skuggade remsan 226 i fig. 18. The resulting torque or reciprocal electromagnetic coupling action is such that the input and output members 10 and 26 are practically bonded to or coupled to each other so that they transmit the flywheel energy or force moment of the input member 10 directly to the output shaft 12. The time during which this moment of force is transmitted, can be, stems from several different salts, but. In the embodiment shown, the program part 200 is used as an example of a means for executing predetermined or automatically given orders concerning the time before. temporary coupling effect. As soon as the switching period is over, the relay device 202 is switched by the means 200 or the means 210 to interrupt the supply of the windings 14 as coupling means and to provide a re-supply of them for motor operation. This function is represented by the shaded strip 226 in Fig. 18.

Som en oundviklig och naturlig foljd av lindningarnas 14 matning for kopplingsverkan, gar en del av svanghjulets r8relsemangd (eller rOrelseenergi) forlorad (dvs. overfOres till den utgaende axeln), sa att dess rotationshastighet nagot minskas. Pa samma gang intraffar en okning av varvtal och rorelsemangd (eller rOrelseenergi) hos utgangsdelen 26, givetvis tillsammans med alla med denna del sammankopplade organ, inklusive delar av den drivna anordningen (icke visad). Da matningen av de som kopplande organ verkande lindningarna 14 upphor, roterar allor ingangsdelen med la.gre an maximalt varvtal, medan utgangsdelen 26 har accelererats till ett i forvag bestamt varvtal, som ar lagre an ingangsdelens varvtal. Vid fOrnyad matning av lindningarna 14 for motordrift utvecklas relativa vridmoment mellan ingangs- och utgangsdelarna i sadan riktning, att utgangsdelens rotationshastighet minskas och ingangsdelen Ater accelereras. Da ingangsdelens verksamma troghetsmoment foretradesvis är avsevart storre an utgangsdelens (inklusive den effektiva belastningens troghetsmoment), blir lindningarnas 14 motorverkan i stand att minska uttagsaxelns 12 varvtal till noll (och salunda astadkomma verklig dynamisk bromsning av denna axel), samtidigt som ingangsdelen Ater accelereras. Den varvtalskansliga anordningen 218 avkanner automatiskt dd varvtalet i huvudsak minskats -till noll och bringar darvid relaet 212 att sla till fasthallningsanordningen 207, sa att den utgaende axeln 12 sparras mot fortsatt rotation. As an inevitable and natural consequence of the feed of the windings 14 for coupling action, a part of the moving gear (or moving energy) of the flywheel is lost (ie transferred to the output shaft), so that its rotational speed is somewhat reduced. At the same time, an increase in speed and motion (or motion energy) occurs at the output part 26, of course together with all means connected to this part, including parts of the driven device (not shown). When the supply of the windings 14 acting as coupling means ceases, all the input part rotates at a lower than maximum speed, while the output part 26 has been accelerated to a predetermined speed, which is lower than the speed of the input part. Upon re-feeding of the windings 14 for motor operation, relative torques develop between the input and output parts in such a direction that the rotational speed of the output part is reduced and the input part Ater is accelerated. Since the effective moment of inertia of the input part is preferably considerably larger than the moment of inertia of the output part (including the effective moment of load), the motor action of the windings 14 is able to reduce the speed of the output shaft 12 to zero (thus achieving real dynamic braking of this axis). The speed sensing device 218 automatically senses that the speed has been substantially reduced to zero, thereby causing the relay 212 to turn on the holding device 207, so that the output shaft 12 is locked against continued rotation.

I fig. 18 anger den skuggade remsan 228, att tiden f Or den fornyade tillslagningen av fasthallningsanordnirigen 207 är nagot obe- — —9 stamd. Det framgar klart att tidpunkten for tillslagning är senare an den tidpunkt, i vii-ken lindningarnas 14 matning for kopplingsverkart avbrytes och deras matning for motordrift ater inkopplas. Sedan fasthallningsanordningen 207 slagits till, har ett fixerat referenslage i forhallande till stativet 11 ater erhallits, varfor den rorelseenergi, som eventuellt aterstar att utvecklas i ingangsdelen 10, utan svarighet kan utvinnas, innan nasta kopplingsfas intrader. Det är av fundamental betydelse for ett fullstandigt tillgodogorande air uppfinningens fordelar, att fasthallningsanordningen 207 icke sifts till forran i den tidpunkt, da lindningarnas 14 motorverkan maximalt utnyttjas for att utfora dynamisk bromsverkan pa den utga.ende axeln 12 och samtidigt astadkomma en avsevard fornyad acceleration av ingangsdelen 10. I annat fall, dvs. omfasthallningsanordningen 207 skulle slas till, sâ snart som den dynamiska kopplingsverkan upphort, skulle det mesta av utgangsdelens och det belastande organets rorelseenergi ga forlorat i form av friktionsvarme och icke aterforas till ingangsdelen. In Fig. 18, the shaded strip 228 indicates that the time before the renewed turn on of the retaining device 207 is somewhat unsteady. It is clear that the time for switching on is later than the time at which the supply of the windings 14 for clutch operation is interrupted and their supply for motor operation is switched on again. After the holding device 207 has been switched on, a fixed reference layer in relation to the frame 11 has been obtained again, so that the kinetic energy which may remain to develop in the input part 10 can be recovered without responsibility before the next coupling phase enters. It is of fundamental importance for the full benefit of the invention that the retaining device 207 not sift to the front at the time when the motor action of the windings 14 is maximally utilized to perform dynamic braking action on the output shaft 12 and at the same time achieve a considerable renewed acceleration of input part 10. Otherwise, ie. the retaining device 207 would be turned on, as soon as the dynamic coupling action ceased, most of the kinetic energy of the output part and the loading member would be lost in the form of frictional heat and not be returned to the input part.

Sasom redan framhallits i det fOregaende, kan saval motorverkan som kopplingsverkan hos lindningarna 14 utnyttjas for att dynamiskt bromsa den utgaende axeln 12 och alternativt for att driva denna axel. Om man onskar stanna ingangsdelen, kan den bromsas genom att satta kopplingsverkan i funktion, samtidigt som fasthallningsanordningen slas till for att sparra utgangsdelen. Da kopplingsverkan medfor att varvtalsskillnaden mellan ingangs- och utgangsdelarna minskas och utgangsdelen salunda tvangsmassigt halles stillastaende, medfor kopplingsverkan i detta fall endast att ingangsdelen retarderas. As already pointed out in the foregoing, both motor action and clutch action of the windings 14 can be used to dynamically brake the output shaft 12 and alternatively to drive this shaft. If you wish to stop the entrance part, it can be braked by activating the coupling action, at the same time as the holding device is switched on to lock the exit part. Since the coupling effect means that the speed difference between the input and output parts is reduced and the output part is thus forcibly kept stationary, the coupling effect in this case only means that the input part is retarded.

Vidare är att marka, att kopplings- och motorverkan hos lindningarna 14 for att fylla sina respektive funktioner icke dro beroende av nagon viss rotationsriktning hos ingangsdelen 10. Detta innebar, att den elektriska manoveranordningen kan inbegripa en poleller faltvandningsanordning, varigenom det blir mojligt att anvanda valfri riktning f8r motorverkan och for ingangsdelens rotation. I detta fall kan ett rnotormoment i motsatt riktning mot det forut verkande motormomentet driva utgangsdelen i samma riktning som en kopplingsverkan skulle Ora. Nagon dylik anordning visas icke pa ritningen men antages likval vid behov forekomma i samband med den maskintyp, som beskrivits i anslutning till ritningarna. Furthermore, it should be noted that the coupling and motor action of the windings 14 in order to fulfill their respective functions did not depend on any particular direction of rotation of the input part 10. This meant that the electric control device may include a pole or field irrigation device, whereby it becomes possible to use any direction for motor action and for rotation of the input part. In this case, a motor torque in the opposite direction to the pre-acting motor torque can drive the output part in the same direction as a coupling action would. No such device is shown in the drawing, but it is assumed that any drawbacks occur, if necessary, in connection with the type of machine described in connection with the drawings.

DO. det icke finnes flagon direkt mekanisk fOrbindelse mellan energikallan och det av maskinen drivna organet (5belastningen»), enar all vridkraft resp. rorelseenergi overfores under formedling av de samverkande magnetiska fält, som utvecklas av lindningarna 14 och 19, ãr det icke mojligt att overfora vridmoment Overstigande ett givet belopp fran ingangsdelen till utgangsdelen. Till foljd av donna egenskap kan maskinen enligt uppfin- ningen aven anvandas som overbelastningsskydd. Det vridmoment, som overfores under lindningarnas 14 matning for kopplingsverkan, ãr en funktion av antalet lindningsvarvhos lindningarna 14 och storleken av den ge- nom dessa passerande strOmmen. Det Or foljaktligen mojligt att reglera vridmomentet till ett noga bestdmt varde genom att reglera den till lindningarna 14 matade strommens stor- lek. Om belastningen kraver ett storre vridmoment On vad det radande magnetiska 201- tet darvid formai overfora, kommer den om- sesidiga elektromagnetiska lasningen mellan ingangs- och utgangsdelarna icke langre att uppratthallas, utan utgangsdelen borjar slira i forhallande till ingangsdelen med en hastighet, som bestammes av forhallandet mellan det erforderliga och del overforda vridmomen- tet. DO lindningarna 14 matas for att astadkomma motorverkan gaiter likaledes, att det roterande vaxelstromsfaltets styrka bestam- mer motormomentets storlek. Det irises salunda, att endast ett pa forhand bestamt maxi- malt vridmoment i beroende av matnings- strommarnas valda storlek kan utovas pa den belastade axeln och att detta moment kan av- passas p0 sadant satt, att det satter en abso- lut grans for maskinens overbelastning. Om det drivna systemet i sig sjalvt kan ha en al- relseenergi av skadlig storlek, Or det dessutom mojligt att astadkomma ett negativt vridmoment oiler en energiabsorberande verkan un- der den kritiska perioden for att ytterligare begransa den verkande helastningens storlek. Kopplingsverkan hos maskinen enligt uppfinningen kan uppdelas i tva faser. Den forsta av dessa utgores av sjalva begynnelsemomen- tet for likstromsmagnetiseringen och den andra bildas av det fortfarighetstillstand, som darefter foljer. Om vridmomentet skall bringas verka p0 en belastningsaxel, som befinner sig i vila, Or det, innan ett konstant vridmoment kan utOvas, nodvandigt att forst Overvinna axelns 12 och utgangsdelens 26 masstroghet och att aceelerera dessa till det avsedda varvtalet. Om darfor momentoverfo- ringsanordningen formar utova stort begynnelsemoment pa de drivna organen och dar- efter aterga. till att utveckla ett moment av den for fortfarighetstillstand avsedda stone-ken, kan en snabb och noga bestamd inledande kopplingsfas erhallas, utan att overbelastning uppstar. DO. there is no flake direct mechanical connection between the energy source and the device driven by the machine (5 load »), unites all torque resp. motion energy is transmitted during the mediation of the cooperating magnetic fields developed by the windings 14 and 19, it is not possible to transmit torque in excess of a given amount from the input part to the output part. As a result of this property, the machine can also be used as an overload protection according to the invention. The torque transmitted during the coupling action of the windings 14 is a function of the number of winding turns of the windings 14 and the magnitude of the current passing through them. It is consequently possible to regulate the torque to a precisely determined value by regulating the magnitude of the current fed to the windings 14. If the load requires a greater torque than the radiating magnetic force can thereby transmit, the mutual electromagnetic welding between the input and output parts will no longer be maintained, but the output part begins to slip in relation to the input part at a speed determined by the ratio between the required and the part exceeding the torque. The DO windings 14 are fed to provide motor action and the strength of the rotating AC field determines the magnitude of the motor torque. It is thus argued that only a predetermined maximum torque depending on the selected size of the feed currents can be exerted on the loaded shaft and that this torque can be adjusted in such a way that it sets an absolute limit for the machine. congestion. If the driven system itself can have a harmful energy of harmful magnitude, it is also possible to achieve a negative torque or an energy-absorbing effect during the critical period in order to further limit the magnitude of the acting full load. The coupling action of the machine according to the invention can be divided into two phases. The first of these consists of the very initial moment of direct current magnetization and the second is formed by the state of continuity which then follows. If the torque is to be caused to act on a load shaft which is at rest, it is necessary, before a constant torque can be exerted, to first overcome the mass inertia of the shaft 12 and the output part 26 and to accelerate them to the intended speed. Therefore, the torque transmission device forms in addition a large initial torque on the driven means and then returns. In order to develop a moment of the stone intended for the state of continuity, a fast and accurately determined initial coupling phase can be obtained, without overload occurring.

Vid kopplingsdrift bilda lindningarna 14 en starkt induktiv belastning med avseende ph den magnetiseringsstrommen matande lik- stromskallan. Foljaktligen erbjuda lindningarna en lag begynnelseimpedans, som tillater den f8rst anlandande strommen att overskrida det fortfarighetsvarde, som darefter stabiliserar sig. DO det overforda vridmomentet, sasom angivits i det foregaende, Or en funk- — — tion av den genom lindningarna passerande strommen, overstiger begynnelsevridmomentet mellan utgangs- och ingangsdelarna fortfarighetsvardet. Detta momentoverskott erfordras emellertid far att overvinna utgangsdelens och darmed forbundna organs troghet, varfor nagot for kraftigt vridmoment icke nar fram till den drivna maskinen e. d. Detta stora begynnelse- eller startmoment majliggor ocksa att de drivna organen kunna uppnâ avsedd bastighet snabbare an som elje,st skulle vara majligt, emedan den inledande kopplingsverkan resulterar i ovannamnda snabba och noga bestamda inledande kopplingsfas eller omsesidiga lasning mellan de bada rotorerna, varigenom man undviker en. stor del av den sliming, som forekommer vid andra typer av friktionsfria magnetiska och elektromagnetiska kopplingar. During switching operation, the windings 14 form a strongly inductive load with respect to the pH of the magnetizing current supplying the direct current skull. Consequently, the windings offer a law of initial impedance, which allows the first arriving current to exceed the velocity value, which then stabilizes. Due to the excessive torque, as stated above, or a function of the current passing through the windings, the initial torque between the output and input parts exceeds the speed value. However, this torque excess is required to overcome the inertia of the output member and associated members, so that too much torque does not reach the driven machine. be manual, since the initial coupling action results in the above-mentioned fast and carefully determined initial coupling phase or reciprocal welding between the two rotors, thereby avoiding one. much of the sliming that occurs with other types of frictionless magnetic and electromagnetic couplings.

Elektrisk manoveranordning for negativ momentaverfOring. (Fig. 19 och 20.) Vid beskrivning av de foregaende utf5ringsformerna liar man i forsta hand tankt sig ‹iverforing av positiva vridmoment, dvs. det funktionssatt, enligt vilket kopplingsverkan ar forknippad med en utveckling av utgaende -vridmoment och motorverkan i huvudsak utbalanserar motmomentet (eller det drivna systemets rorelsemangdsmoment, eng. »momentum»). Uppfinningen liar emellertid, sãsom mera allmant angivits i det foregaende, en mera vidstrackt tillampbarhet, speciellt med avseende pa majligheten att overfara negativa vridmoment. Da negativt utgaende vridmoment utvecklas, baserar sig ingangsdelens 10 normala rorelsemangdsmoment pa ett motordrift-varvtal, som motsvarar ett lagre varde an det »fulla» (eller maximala) motordriftvarvtal, vilket automatiskt regleras av varytalsbegransningsanordningen 230 (se fig. 2), som intar bestamt lage i forhallande till stativet 11 och drives av den roterbara ingangsdelen 10 med hjalp av ett kraftuttag i form av en friktionstrissa e. d. Negativa utgaende vridmoment utvecklas genom att varvtalsbegransningsanordningens 2-varvtal overskrides och lindningarna 14 matas for motorverkan 204. Efter att ha avgivit det onskade kortvariga, negativa vridmomentet till den belastande axeln, urkopplas motorverkan 204 och inkopplas matningen av lindningarna 14 pa nytt for kopplingsverkan 206. Dessa funktioner aro askadliggjorda i tiddiagrammet fig. 19. Electric maneuvering device for negative torque transmission. (Figs. 19 and 20.) In describing the foregoing embodiments, it is primarily intended to transmit positive torques, i.e. the mode of operation according to which the clutch action is associated with a development of outgoing torque and the motor action essentially balances the counter-torque (or the momentum of the driven system). However, as more generally stated above, the invention suffers from a wider applicability, especially with respect to the ability to transmit negative torques. As negative output torque develops, the normal operating torque of the input member 10 is based on an engine operating speed corresponding to a lower value of the "full" (or maximum) engine operating speed, which is automatically controlled by the speed limiter 230 (see Fig. 2), which occupies a certain amount. in relation to the frame 11 and is driven by the rotatable input part 10 by means of a power take-off in the form of a friction pulley. , the negative torque to the load shaft, the motor action 204 is switched off and the supply of the windings 14 is switched on again for the coupling action 206. These functions are disabled in the time diagram Fig. 19.

Fig. 19 askadliggor en fullstandig arbetsperiod for den momentoverforande maskinen I samband med att negativa vridmoment avgivas. Liksom vid uppfinningens i det foregaende beskrivna tillampning far positiv momentoverforing startas forst motordriften 204 och slas fasthallningsanordningen 207 till for att mojliggora att ingangsdelen 10 accelererar till normalt driftvarvtal. De skuggade remsorna 232 och 234 antyda denna startfas, och avbrytandet av motorverkan i tidpunkten 236 anger att varvtalsbegransningsanordningens 230 arbete automatiskt in kopplas, sedan ingangsdelen. 10 har uppnatt avsett driftvarvtal. Vid en darefter foljande tidpunkt 238, som bestammes av den. for back-drift avsedda programdelen 240 (som skall beskrivas langre fram — se fig. 20), slas fasthallningsanordningen 207 ifran, varjamte varvtalsbegransningsanordningen 230 kopplas ur och matningen for motordrift 204 fortsattes till en magnetiseringsniva, som fir tillracklig for att bringa motormomentet att aterverka pa ingangsdelen och darigenom bibringa den utgaende axeln rotation i motsatt riktning mot ingangsdelens rotation; denna Las representeras av den skuggade remsan 242 i fig. 19. Bromsning av den utgaende axeln kan utlosas av en »retardationsmomentutlosare» 244 (fig. 20) i en tidpunkt 246, som bestammes av den drivna maskinen. Detta sker samtidigt med att matningen for motordrift 204 avbrytes och matningen for kopplingsdrift 206 inkopplas, sasom antydes genom den skuggade remsan 248. Vid paverkan av en. bromsutlosare 250 (fig. 20), som vid tidpunkten 252 kan fungera i beroende av en fOrskjutningsrorelse eller cla rotationen avstannar; eller badadera, avbrytes matningen av lindningarna 14 for kopplingsdrift, samtidigt som lindningarna 14 rater magnetiseras for motordrift for att aterta kontrollen Over varvtalsbegransningsanor dnin gen 230. Fig. 19 shows a complete operating period for the torque transmitting machine in connection with negative torques being emitted. As with the application of the invention described above for positive torque transmission, motor operation 204 is first started and the holding device 207 is switched on to enable the input part 10 to accelerate to normal operating speed. The shaded strips 232 and 234 indicate this starting phase, and the interruption of the motor action at time 236 indicates that the operation of the speed limiting device 230 is automatically switched on, then the input part. 10 has reached the intended operating speed. At a subsequent time 238, which is determined by it. for back-operation program portion 240 (to be described later - see Fig. 20), the retaining device 207 is turned off, and the speed limiting device 230 is disconnected and the supply for motor operation 204 is continued to a magnetization level which is sufficient to cause the motor torque to react again. the input part and thereby impart rotation of the output shaft in the opposite direction to the rotation of the input part; this Las is represented by the shaded strip 242 in Fig. 19. Braking of the output shaft can be triggered by a "deceleration torque trigger" 244 (Fig. 20) at a time 246 determined by the driven machine. This occurs at the same time as the supply for motor operation 204 is interrupted and the supply for clutch operation 206 is switched on, as indicated by the shaded strip 248. Upon the influence of a. brake release 250 (Fig. 20), which at time 252 may operate depending on a displacement motion or the rotation stops; or badadera, the supply of the windings 14 for clutch operation is interrupted, at the same time as the windings 14 rates are magnetized for motor operation to regain control of the speed limitation device 230.

Det universella verkningssattet (fig. 20). The universal mode of action (Fig. 20).

Fig. 20 askadliggor ett manoverschema far maskinens motordrift, kopplingsdrift och bromsning i samband med de olika enligt uppfinningen avsedda funktionssatten, vatvid aven antydes mojligheten att genom installning av en omkastare 254 stalla in manoveranordningen valfritt fOr att avgiva positivt resp. negativt vridmoment. Tre separata omkastare 256, 258 och 260 aro clirekt mekaniskt sammankopplade med den primara omkastaren 254 for att astadkomma motor-drift, kopplingsdrift och sparrning i samband med att positiva resp. negativa vridmoment avgivas, alltefter behov. For att forenkla schemat i fig. 20, visas endast manoverledningarna i detta, medan strammatningsledningarna till de olika relaanordningarna ha utelamnats; for enkelhets skull visas aven de fiesta av manoverorganen for bestammande av negativ momentoverfaring oberoende av mamaverorganen for bestammande av positiv momentoverforing och ha darfor markerats med sarskilda skuggningslinjer for att underlatta lasningen av figuren. For att ytterligare underIatta tolkningen gores ytterligare det antagandet betraffande samtliga reldanordningar, att manaversignaler som tillforas relaet dess vanstra sida astadkomma tillslag av relaet, medan manoversignaler som tillforas — — relict pa dess h5gra sida astadkomma att relaet star ifran. Fig. 20 shows a maneuvering diagram of the machine's motor operation, clutch operation and braking in connection with the various operating modes intended according to the invention, in which case the possibility is also indicated by installing a switch 254 to set the control device optionally to emit positive resp. negative torque. Three separate switches 256, 258 and 260 are directly mechanically connected to the primary switch 254 to provide motor operation, clutch operation and sparring in connection with positive resp. negative torques are emitted, as needed. To simplify the diagram in Fig. 20, only the control lines therein are shown, while the tension supply lines to the various relay devices have been omitted; for the sake of simplicity, most of the means for determining negative torque transfer are also shown independently of the mama means for determining positive torque transmission and have therefore been marked with special shading lines to facilitate the loading of the figure. In order to further facilitate the interpretation, the assumption concerning all relay devices is further made that control signals supplied to the relay on its left side cause the relay to switch on, while control signals supplied to the relic on its right side cause the relay to stand off.

Elf manoverprogram f5r drift med negativa vridmoment dirigeras av programdelen 2 backgfing», och dâ. systemet startas fran stillestand, astadkommer en pa ledningen 262 upptradande startsignal att motordriftrelaanordningen 264 slas till och samtidigt kopplingsdriftreldanordningen 266 slas ifran samt fasthallningsanordningens relaanordning 268 slas till. Relaanordningarna 264, 266 och 268 foranleda saledes att lindningarnas 14 motorfunktion samtidigt inkopplas och att fasthallningsanordningen 207 slas till, sasom antydes vid 232 och 234 i fig. 19, varigenom ett vridmoment kan borja utvecklas i ingangsdelen 10. Eleven operating programs for operation with negative torques are directed by the program part 2 backgfing », and then. the system is started from a standstill, a start signal appearing on line 262 causes the motor drive relay device 264 to be turned on and at the same time the clutch drive relay device 266 is turned off and the holding device relay device 268 is turned on. The relay devices 264, 266 and 268 thus cause the motor function of the windings 14 to be switched on simultaneously and the holding device 207 to be switched on, as indicated at 232 and 234 in Fig. 19, whereby a torque can begin to develop in the input part 10.

For sadana driftfall, dar utvecklandet av negativa vridmoment avses, kan det vara nodvandigt att den av ingangsdelen 10 drivna varvtalsbegransaren 230 begransar ingangsdelens vinkelhastighet till ett varde understigande fullvarv, t. ex. 50 till 80 % av fullvarvsvardet. Detta varvtal valjes foretradesvis i enlighet med vridmomentskurvan for maskinens motorverkan, och under vissa forhallanden kan negativt vridmoment erhallas genom att motorverkan igangsattes med ingangsdelen stillastaende. Forbindningen 270 och varvtalsbegransaren 230 astadkomma franslag av relaet 264 dh ingangsdelen 10 uppnar gransvarvtalet, varigenom ingangsdelen kan lopa vidare genom sin egen rorelseenergi, under det att fasthallningsanordningen 207 bibehalles tillslagen. Denna fas kan intrada i tidpunkten 236, fig. 19. For such operating cases, where the development of negative torques is referred to, it may be necessary for the speed limiter 230 driven by the input part 10 to limit the angular velocity of the input part to a value less than full speed, e.g. 50 to 80% of full speed. This speed is preferably selected in accordance with the torque curve for the engine action of the machine, and under certain conditions negative torque can be obtained by starting the engine action with the input part stationary. The connection 270 and the speed limiter 230 provide friction of the relay 264 dh the input part 10 reaches the sprue speed, whereby the input part can run further through its own kinetic energy, while the holding device 207 is kept on. This phase may enter at time 236, Fig. 19.

I den visade utforingsformen har programdelen 240 en andra utgangsledning 272 for att avgiva signalspanningar, avsedda att starta utveckling av negativa vridmoment. Vid biirjan av en sadan spanning gas ett overstyrningsrela 274 fiir motorverkan till, varigenom lindningarna 14 matas for motorverkan oberoende av varje reglerande inverkan av varytalsbegransaren 230. Samtidigt astadkommer samma signalspanning franslag av bromsrelaet 268, sa att motorverkan medfor att negativt utgaende vridmoment avgivas genom reaktion mot ingangsdelens 10 svanghjulstroghet. Detta atfoljes av en ringa Okuing av ingangsdelens 10 rotationshastighet i forhallande till stativet, men den huvudsakliga varvtalsutvecklingen sker genom att negativt vridmoment avgives till den utgaende axeln 12. Tiden fur den negativa momentavgivningen kan bestammas av programdelen 240, men i den visade utforingsformen ar en sarskild retardationsmomentutlosare 244, som kan besta av en pa den drivna maskinen anbragt granslagestromstallare, anordnad att i tid- punkten 246 (fig. 19) trada i funktion och sla ifran overstyrningsrelaet 274 for motor- verkan och samtidigt sla till det fur man5vrering av kopplingsverkan avsedda relaet 266. In the embodiment shown, the program part 240 has a second output line 272 for emitting signal voltages, intended to start the development of negative torques. At the onset of such a voltage, an override relay 274 for motor action is applied, whereby the windings 14 are supplied for motor action independently of each regulating action of the speed limiter 230. At the same time, the same signal voltage causes friction of the brake relay 268. the flywheel inertia of the input part 10. This is accompanied by a slight increase in the rotational speed of the input part 10 in relation to the frame, but the main speed development takes place by delivering negative torque to the output shaft 12. The time for the negative torque delivery can be determined by the program part 240, but in the embodiment shown a different deceleration torque trigger 244, which may consist of a spruce throttle mounted on the driven machine, arranged to actuate at time 246 (Fig. 19) and switch off the override relay 274 for motor action and at the same time turn on the relay intended for operating the clutch action. 266.

Den darigenom inledda kopplingsverkan medfor, att den utgaende axeln retarderas och dess rorelsemangdsmoment absorberas, vilket alit sker genom reaktion mot det organ som upptar ingangsdelens 10 rorelsemangdsmoment. Da den utgaende axelns varvtal nedgait till noll, eller den drivna maskinen t. ex. uppnatt ett ovre vandlage (eller clodpunktslage) eller nagot annat stopplage, trader bromsnings-utlosningsanordningen 250 i funktion och slar ifran manoverreldet 266 f Or kopplingsverkan saint slar ater till bromsmanoverrelaet 268, varigenom fasthallningsanordningen 207 ater slas till och motorverkan pa nytt sattes under kontroll av varvtalsbegransaren. The coupling action thus initiated causes the output shaft to decelerate and its moment of movement to be absorbed, which alite takes place by reaction against the means which occupies the moment of movement of the input part 10. When the output shaft speed has dropped to zero, or the driven machine e.g. has reached an upper level (or clod point) or any other stop, the brake release device 250 comes into operation and disengages the control gear 266 f. .

Huvudomkastaren 254 jamte de darmed hopkopplade omkastarna 256, 258 och 260 kastas orn till det andra laget (varvid install-fling sker for avgivning av positivt vridmoment) fur att satta den separata programdelen 276 for framatrorelse i verksamhet. Programdelen 276 for framatrorelse svarar i huvudsak mot programdelen 200 i fig. 17. Dh systemet startas fran stillestand, avger en forsta utgangsledning 278 fran programdelen 276 en startspanning, som samtidigt slar till manoverrelaet 280 for motorverkan och manoverrelfiet 282 for bromsning, varigenom svanghjulet utvecklar sitt rorelsemangdsmoment i forhallande till stativet. Avgivningen av positivt vridmoment Over axeln 12 star under kontroll av den andra utgangsledningen 284 fran programdelen 276. The main inverter 254, together with the switches 256, 258 and 260 connected thereto, are thrown to the other layer (whereby installation-fling takes place for the delivery of positive torque) in order to put the separate program part 276 for forward operation. The program portion 276 for advancing substantially corresponds to the program portion 200 in Fig. 17. That is, the system is started from a standstill, a first output line 278 from the program portion 276 emits a starting voltage which simultaneously turns on the control relay 280 for engine action and the control relay 282 for braking, whereby the flywheel develops its rorelsemangdsmoment in relation to the stand. The output of positive torque across the shaft 12 is under the control of the second output line 284 from the program part 276.

Da en manoverspanning avges pa ledningen 284, sla manoverrelaet 280 for motorverkan och bromsreldet 282 ifran, medan manoverrelaet 286 for kopplingsverkan far tillslag. Denna kopplingsverkan medfor att den utgaende axeln drives i samma riktning som svanghjulsdelen 10, och under overforing av r8relseenergi fran svanghjulsdelen 10 till den utgaende axeln, minskas svanghjulsdelens 10 varvtal nagot. Avgivningen av positivt vridmoment kan avbrytas med hjalp av en retardationsmomentutlosare 288, motsvarande den vid kopplingsdrift verksamma utl5saren 244, men utlbsaren 288 är anordnad att astadkomma franslag av kopplingsrelaet 286 och tillslag av motordriftsrelaet 280. Darigenom kan motorverkan 204 utveckla retarderande vridmo- ment for att minska den utgaende axelns varytal, samtidigt som rorelseenergi ater magasi- neras i ingangsdelen 10. Da den utgaende axeln stannar, motsvarande byre dodpunktslaget eller nagot annat tillstand hos den driv- na maskinen, kan bromsutlosaren 250 trada I funktion och sla till relaet 282, sh att fasthMlningsanordningen 207 sparrar den utga- ende axeln och astadkommer ett fixerat reaktionsstod mot stativet, mot vilket en fortsatt motorverkan kan utovas for att ater accelerera svanghjulsdelen 10 till det avsedda driftvarvtalet relativt stativet. 12— — FOr all fOrenkla och fortydliga framstallningen, liar i det foregaende endast talats om att matningen av lindningarna 14 sker alternativt, antingen for motorverkan eller for kopplingsverkan, emedan en klarare fOrstaelse a-v uppfinningen torde vinnas genom att betrakta dessa funktionssatt vart for sig. Det niA emellertid framhallas, att det under vissa fiirhallanden kan vara onskvart att astadkomma »samtidig» eller »overlappande» matning av lindningarna 14 med magnetiseringsstram av hada slagen. I detta fall finnas, sasom visas i fig. 15 och 16, separata lindningar pa ingfingsdelen for saval motorverkan som kopplingsverkan, varjamte matningen av motor- och kopplingslindningarna foretradesvis är inbordes eller differentiellt reglerbar i stallet fOr att matningen av lindningarna 14 sker alternativt fiir att astadkomma antingen enbart motorverkan eller enbart kopplingsverkan. When a control voltage is applied to the line 284, the control relay 280 for the motor action and the brake fire 282 switch off, while the control relay 286 for the clutch action is switched on. This coupling action causes the output shaft to be driven in the same direction as the flywheel part 10, and during the transfer of kinetic energy from the flywheel part 10 to the output shaft, the speed of the flywheel part 10 is somewhat reduced. The positive torque output can be interrupted by a deceleration trigger 288, corresponding to the clutch actuator trigger 244, but the trigger 288 is arranged to cause the clutch relay 286 to turn off and the engine operating relay 280 to turn on. The output shaft of the output shaft, at the same time as the rudder energy is stored in the input part 10. When the output shaft stops, corresponding to the dead center stroke or some other condition of the driven machine, the brake release 250 can operate and turn on the relay 282, sh att the fastening device 207 locks the output shaft and provides a fixed reaction post against the frame, against which a continued motor action can be exerted to accelerate the flywheel part 10 to the intended operating speed relative to the frame. For the sake of simplicity and clarity of the presentation, it has only been mentioned in the foregoing that the feeding of the windings 14 takes place alternatively, either for motor action or for coupling action, since a clearer understanding of the invention should be gained by considering these modes of operation separately. It should be noted, however, that in some circumstances it may be undesirable to provide "simultaneous" or "overlapping" feeding of the windings 14 with magnetizing strains of the same kind. In this case, as shown in Figs. 15 and 16, there are separate windings on the engine part for both motor action and clutch action, and the supply of the motor and clutch windings is preferably inboard or differentially adjustable instead of feeding the windings 14 alternatively to provide either motor action only or clutch action only.

Med separata motor- och kopplingslindningar pa ingangsdelen, kan overgang fran Overvagande motordriftsmagnetisering (bromsning for positiv momentavgivning; koppling for negativ momentavgivning) till overvagande kopplingsdrift (koppling for positiv momentavgivning; bromsning for negativ momentavgivning) av den utgaende axeln 12 ske med »fastare kontroll» och snabbare manoverreaktioner. Dâ separata motor- och kopplingslindningar anvandas pa utgangsdelen 10, ange de liar anvanda uttrycken »magnetisering», »matning», »avbrytning av matningem, »avmagnetisering» och liknande salunda relativa begrepp, som innebara, att det vridmoment, som erhalles genom matning en lindningsgrupp pa ingangsdelen 10 (t. ex. motorlindningen eller kopplingslindningen), skall dominera Over det vridmoment, som erhalles genom matning av en annan lindningsgrupp (t. ex. kopplingslindningen eller motorlindningen). Manoverorganen 200, 210, 240 och 276 samt de olika relaanordningama i fig. 17 och 20 anses har representera fullstandiga manoverorgan, som aro i stand att effektivt beharska avgivningen av vridmoment genom samtidig magnetisering av lindningarna pa ingangsdelen 10 for att astadkomma motorverkan och kopplingsverkan, genom att i varje givet ogonblick bestamma, vilken av namnda lindningsgrupper, som skall framkalla det dominerande vridmomentet. Pa detta salt beharskas hela driftomradet, frail full-vary i framatgang, via lagvarv i framatgang, stopp till backgang, beroende pa ordningsfoljden och den inbOrdes storleken av de motoreller kopplingsmoment, som bringas att dominera. With separate motor and clutch windings on the input part, the transition from Supervised motor drive magnetization (braking for positive torque delivery; clutch for negative torque delivery) to supervised clutch operation (clutch for positive torque delivery; braking for negative torque delivery) of the output shaft 12 can take place with «firmer control» and faster maneuver reactions. When separate motor and clutch windings are used on the output part 10, they use the terms "magnetization", "feed", "interruption of the supply", "demagnetization" and similarly relative terms, which mean that the torque obtained by feeding a winding group on the input part 10 (eg the motor winding or the coupling winding), shall dominate over the torque obtained by feeding another winding group (eg the coupling winding or the motor winding). The actuators 200, 210, 240 and 276 as well as the various relay devices of Figs. to determine at any given moment which of the said winding groups is to produce the dominant torque. On this salt, the entire operating range is controlled, frail full-vary in forward travel, via team revolutions in forward, stop to reverse, depending on the order and the relative size of the motor or clutch torques, which are brought to dominate.

Sammanfattning. Summary.

Sammanfattningsvis är det forst av vikt att understryka, att den i det foregaende be skrivna maskinen eller apparaten är sammansalt av delar, som aro latta att anskaffa och medge att man uppnar en teknisk effekt, som hittills icke varit majlig, i stor utstrackning pa grund av att man vid fault kanda kombinationer av svanghjul, koppling och broms varit tvungen att anvanda bromsen (verksam relativt stativet) for att upptaga eller absorbera overskott av utgaende rorelseenergi (rorelsemangdsmoment), varigenmn en betydande del av systemets energi bortgar i form av friktionsvarme, som icke kan tillvaratagas. For att avgiva positiva utgaende vridmoment utnyttj as maskinens motororgan till att upptaga overskottet av rorelseenergi och samtidigt aterfora rorelseenergi till ingangsdelen, och Ea- att avgiva negativa utgaende vridmomerit utnyttj as maskinens kopplingsorgan till att upptaga overskottet av utgaende rOrelseenergi och samtidigt gerstalla svanghjulsenergien till dess avsedda driftvarde. I hada fallen undvikas genom maskinens inneboende egenskaper sadana energiforluster, som eljest skulle orsakas genom en Ur onodig utbromsning av energioverskott relativt maskinstativet. I praktisk drift Or det for avgivning av positiva vridmoment ofta icke nodvandigt att mata lindningarna 14 for motorverkan under langre tid an som behiivs for att 'Ater aceelerera ingangsdelen 10 till onskat varvtal. Denna tid kan utgora en liten brakdel av en fullstandig arbetsperiod hos den maskin, som drives av maskinen enligt uppfinningen, sa att det varvtalskansliga organet 230, vars varvtal är direkt proportionellt med ingangsdelens 10 varvtal, om sa onskas kan vara anordnat att automatiskt slA ifran lindningarnas 14 matning for motorverkan. In conclusion, it is first important to emphasize that the machine or apparatus described above is composed of parts which are easy to obtain and allow to achieve a technical effect which has not hitherto been possible, largely due to In the event of fault, combinations of flywheel, clutch and brake have had to use the brake (effective relative to the stand) to absorb or absorb excess outgoing rudder energy (rudder failure moment), whereby a significant part of the system energy is lost in the form of frictional heat, which does not can be recovered. In order to emit positive output torque, the engine means of the machine is used to absorb the excess of rudder energy and at the same time return ripple energy to the input part, and Ea . In these cases, due to the inherent properties of the machine, such energy losses are avoided, which would otherwise be caused by an unnecessary braking of excess energy relative to the machine frame. In practical operation, for the delivery of positive torques, it is often not necessary to supply the windings 14 for motor action for a longer period of time than is needed to re-accelerate the input part 10 to the desired speed. This time may constitute a small fraction of a complete operating period of the machine driven by the machine according to the invention, so that the speed sensing means 230, the speed of which is directly proportional to the speed of the input part 10, may be arranged to automatically switch off the windings. 14 feed for motor action.

Betraktad helt enkelt som en momentoverforande anordning for avgivning av positiva utgaende vridmoment, behover maskinen enligt uppfinningen utnyttja lindningarnas 14 motorverkan i forsta hand endast for bromsning, dvs. for att upptaga overskott av utgaende rorelseenergi. I detta fall kan remkransen med kilsparen 42 (som i suntliga utforingsformer kan utgora en del av ingangsdelen 10) betraktas som en anordning, med hj alp av vilken ingangsdelen 10 kan drivas kontinuerligt av en yttre kalla for -vridmomerit, t. ex. en liten kontinuerligt arbetande elmotor. Utgaende vridmoment erhalles da fran axeln 12 genom matning av lindningarna 14 for kopplingsverkan, och det utgaende rorelsemangdsmomentet eller rorelseenergioverskottet absorberas (upptages och magasineras), da lindningarna 14 matas fOr motorverkan. Sedan detta overskott av rOrelseenergi absorberats, kan det intraffa, att det icke fareligger nagot behov av att mate lindningarna 14 for att erhalla fornyad motorverkan, sa att lindningarna darefter kunna goras stromlosa och man i forsta hand kan utnyttja den yttre vridmomentkallan till att — —13 aterge ingangsdelen det ringa belopp av riirelseenergi, som eventuellt ytterligare kan behovas for utfyllnad tin fullt varde. Considered simply as a torque transmitting device for emitting positive output torque, the machine according to the invention needs to use the motor action of the windings 14 primarily only for braking, ie. to absorb excess surplus energy. In this case, the belt ring with the wedge groove 42 (which in healthy embodiments may form part of the entrance part 10) can be considered as a device, with the aid of which the entrance part 10 can be driven continuously by an outer cold for-twist momerite, e.g. a small continuously operating electric motor. Outgoing torque is then obtained from the shaft 12 by feeding the windings 14 for clutch action, and the outgoing rudder torque or excess rudder energy is absorbed (absorbed and stored) as the windings 14 are fed for motor action. After this excess of kinetic energy has been absorbed, it may occur that there is no need to feed the windings 14 in order to obtain renewed motor action, so that the windings can then be de-energized and the external torque source can be used in the first place to - 13 aterge the input part the small amount of rirelse energy, which may further be needed for filling tin full value.

Om en utforingsform av maskinen enligt uppfinningen betraktas som momentoverfo- rande anordning fOr avgivning av negativa utgaende vridmoment, gaiter pa liknande satt, att den primart behover utnyttja lindningar- nas 14 motorverkan endast for effektiv avgiv- ning av utgaende vridmoment. Aven i detta fall utgor remkransen med kilsparen 42 ett organ, med vilket ingangsdelen 10 kan vara kopplad i driftforbindelse med en yttre momentalstrare, t. ex. en liten kontinuerligt arbetande elmotor 46, sasom angivits i det foregaende. Foretradesvis är dennas arbetsvarvtal sadant, att ingangsdelen 10 (i forhallande till stativet) far ett visst lagre varvtal an full-vary fOr motorverkan. If an embodiment of the machine according to the invention is considered as a torque transmitting device for delivering negative output torques, it is similarly stated that it primarily needs to utilize the motor action of the windings 14 only for efficient output of output torque. Also in this case the belt ring with the wedge pair 42 constitutes a means with which the input part 10 can be connected in operating connection with an external torque generator, e.g. a small continuously operating electric motor 46, as indicated above. Preferably, its operating speed is such that the input part 10 (relative to the frame) has a certain lower speed than to fully vary for motor action.

Da en kontinuerlig utveckling av negativa vridmoment med nodvandighet medfOr, att ingangsdelen accelereras i forhallande till maskinstativet, kan den med remtransmission tillkopplade motorn komma att accelereras utover sitt normala driftvarvtal. Darvid kommer denna motor att verka som broms pa ingangsdelen och stravar att hindra denna frau att uppna maximivarvtal realtivt utgangsdelen, i vilket fall den tillkopplade motorn okar ingangsdelens effektiva triighetsmoment, varigenom storre och langvarigare negativa vridmoment astadkommas an som eljest skulle vara mojliga att erhalla. As a continuous development of negative torques with necessity means that the input part is accelerated in relation to the machine frame, the motor connected to the belt transmission may be accelerated beyond its normal operating speed. In this case, this motor will act as a brake on the input part and penalties prevent it from reaching maximum speed relative to the output part, in which case the connected motor increases the effective torque of the input part, whereby larger and longer negative torques are achieved which would otherwise be possible.

I olikhet mot vad forhallandet Or vid sedvanlig elmotordrift, dar startmomentet ar relativt ogynnsamt vid start fran stillestand, ar har att marka, att den kontinuerligt roterande ingangsdelen 10 med dess stora troghetsmoment bildar ett kraftigt troghetsbestamt reaktionsstod, mot vilket relativt kraftiga startvridmoment kunna bildas f8r avgivning till axeln 12. Ett gynnsamt positivt startmoment star till buds, emedan lindningarna 14 redan rotera med relativt Mgt varvtal, da de tillforas matningsstrom for kopplingsverkan. Till foljd av namnda stora troghetsmoment hos ingangsdelen, erhalles detta gynnsamma startmoment aven da maskinen matas for a-vgivande av negativt vridmoment, sfisom angivits i samband med programdelen 240 i fig. 20 och beskrivits i anslutning till denna figur och fig. 19. In contrast to the ratio Or in conventional electric motor operation, where the starting torque is relatively unfavorable at starting from a standstill, it should be noted that the continuously rotating input part 10 with its large moment of inertia forms a strong inertial reaction pillar, against which relatively strong starting torques can be generated. to the shaft 12. A favorable positive starting torque is available, since the windings 14 already rotate at a relatively high speed, as they are supplied with supply current for the coupling action. As a result of said large moment of inertia of the input part, this favorable starting torque is obtained even when the machine is fed to emit a negative torque, as indicated in connection with the program part 240 in Fig. 20 and described in connection with this figure and Fig. 19.

Uppfinningen ar givetvis bike begransad till de har beskrivna och pa ritningarna askadliggjorda utforingsformerna, utan kan modifieras och forandras pa olika satt mom uppfinningstankens ram. Det Or en mycket stor fordel med maskinen enligt uppfinningen, att positiva och negativa vridmoment kunna utovas i en foreskriven ordningsfoljd enligt ett periodiskt operationsprogram, omfattande t. ex. start, retardation, belastningsreglering, upprepad slagverkan, synkronisering och drivning. The invention is of course limited to the embodiments described and illustrated in the drawings, but can be modified and changed in various ways within the scope of the inventive concept. It is a very great advantage of the machine according to the invention, that positive and negative torques can be exerted in a prescribed sequence according to a periodic operating program, comprising e.g. start, deceleration, load control, repeated impact, synchronization and drive.

Claims

P atentanspra.k:

Apparatus for transmitting or generating torque with a driven member and a nar-coated flywheel member with substantially greater moment of inertia fin the driven member, said members being rotatable about a common axis and receiving cooperating electric excitation and induction windings, according to patent 176 060, characterized by the modification that intermittently active elements Oro are arranged to simultaneously supply alternating current and direct current to the magnetizing windings so that one of these current types dominates over the other intermittently and alternatively, whereby a dominant alternating current gives rise to a moment of repulsion and a dominant direct current gives rise to a moment of attraction, and a device is provided for bringing the flywheel means into rotation during a starting period.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for bringing the flywheel member into rotation comprises a motor which is in driving connection with the flywheel member.

3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for bringing the flywheel means into rotation comprises a brake which can be applied to the driven means, since this is actuated by a repulsion moment during a starting period.

4. Set to drive the apparatus of patent claim 1 for intermittently over-transmitting or generating a torque, characterized in that the flywheel means is set in rotation to thereby store energy, and that alternating current and direct current are simultaneously supplied to the excitation windings so that one of these current types intermittently and alternatively dominate Over the other, with dominant alternating current causing repulsion torque and dominant direct current causing attraction torque.

5. Mt according to claim 4, characterized in that both the driven member and the flywheel member rotate in the same direction, and that torque is generated when an output torque is required, in order to accelerate the driven member and retard the flywheel member, and that repulsion torque is generated when an output is not required, thereby giving rise to deceleration of the driven member and acceleration of the flywheel member.

6. Set according to claim 4, characterized in that the driven member and the flywheel member are caused to rotate in opposite directions of rotation inboard, and that repulsion torque is generated when an output torque is required, to accelerate the means in the opposite directions of rotation inboard, and that an attraction torque is generated an outgoing torque bike is required, in order to 14— - thereby retard both members, which still rotate at different inboard

7. Set according to any one of claims 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that the flywheel is imparted an initial rotation by being driven by a motor connected thereto.

8. Set according to any one of claims 4, 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that the flywheel is driven continuously by a motor connected thereto to supply it with an amount of energy which substantially corresponds to the difference between the energy extracted, when torque is required, and the supply of energy, when torque joke is required.

9. set according to any one of claims 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that the flywheel member is set in initial rotation by preventing the driven member from rotating, and that a repulsion moment is generated between these members. Request publications: