SE180766C1

SE180766C1 -

Info

Publication number: SE180766C1
Authority: SE
Publication date: 1962-01-01

Description

FOreliggande uppfinning hanfor sig till sadana mekaniska domkrafter, vid vilka lyftrorelsen astadkommes medelst vrickbackar». The present invention relates to such mechanical jacks, in which the lifting movement is effected by means of jaws ».

Yid gangse vricklasningsdomkrafter av har ifragavarande slag framkallas lyftrorelsen medelst en mekanism, som innefattar en hay-slang och tvenne genom vricklas utmed en standare klatterbara organ (vrickbackar eller -bussningar), av vilka det ena ombesorjer lyftning av lasten, medan det andra hailer denna pa vasentligen den Tnomentant uppnadda lyfthojden. Dessa hada organ (vrickbackar eller -bussningar) ha yricklasningsverkan, varfor vid varje lyfttillfalle den verksamma lyfth&jdsokningen dr rnindre an den mot lyftkraften svarande, emedan en mindre tillbakaglidning är nodvandig for stabilisering av vrieklasningen. Da den upplyfta lasten pa nytt shall sankas, maste vricklasningen upphavas, vilket framkallar en hiftig sankningsrOrelse. Yid gangs of unloading jacks of the type in question are induced by the lifting movement by means of a mechanism comprising a hay hose and two through pivots along a standard climbable means (wrenches or bushings), one of which ensures lifting of the load, while the other hails it on essentially the Tnomentant achieved lifting height. These had bodies (jaw jaws or bushings) have a dislocation effect, so that in each lifting case the effective lifting and lowering is less than that corresponding to the lifting force, since a slight retraction is necessary to stabilize the deflection. When the lifted load is to be re-collected, the unloading must be started, which causes a vigorous lowering movement.

Uppfinningen undanrOjer dessa olagenheter genom att ersatta det vricklasningsorgan, som hailer lasten pa den uppnadda lyfthi3jden, med ett organ, medelst vilket sakerstalles en mjuk sankningsrorelse motsvarande den vid hydrauliska domkrafter forekommande och forhindras oavsiktlig sankningsrorelse, varigenom st8rre driftsakerhet vinnes och varje lyfthojdsforlust mellan tva pa varandra foljande lyftrorelser kan undvikas. The invention obviates these irregularities by replacing the unwinding member which holds the load at the reached lifting height with a member by means of which a soft lowering movement corresponding to the hydraulic jacks occurring and unintentional lowering movement is ensured, whereby greater operational reliability is gained. the following lifting movements can be avoided.

Den mekaniska domkraften enligt uppfinningen omfattar vasentligen en standare, utmed vilken lyftrorelsen sker; ett utmed sta'ndaren forskjutbart vrickorgan, som är anordnat att vricklasa mot standaren for att tjana sasom uppstod for ett manoverorgan, exempelvis en havstang eller en excenter; ett lyftorgan, som ar anordnat att forbindas med lasten och att av namnda med yricklasningsorganet samverkande manOverorgan bibringas stegvisa lyftrorelser utmed standaren; och en mutter, som star i ingrepp med en av standaren uppburen skruvformad styrning, t. ex. horn eller ganga, och som ar forbunden med namnda lyftorgan medelst ett organ, -vilket ãr anordnat dels all tillata muttern att genom omvridning utmed den skruvformade styrningen deltaga i namnda lyftorgans lyftrorel- ser, dels att tillata lyftorganet, da detta icke forskjutes uppat av manoverorganet, att pa sadant satt vim a mot muttern, att denna hindras Iran att omvridas och darigenom fiirskjutas neat utmed standaren. The mechanical jack according to the invention essentially comprises a stand, along which the lifting movement takes place; a pivot member displaceable along the upright, which is arranged to pivot against the pillar to serve as a result of an operating member, for example a sea rod or an eccentric; a lifting means, which is arranged to be connected to the load and to be provided with stepwise lifting movements along said stand by said maneuvering means cooperating with the loading member; and a nut which engages a helical guide supported by the stand, e.g. horn or gait, and which are connected to said lifting means by means of a member, which is arranged to allow the nut to participate in the lifting movements of said lifting means by rotation along the helical guide, and to allow the lifting means, as this is not displaced upwards by the operating means. , that in this way we set against the nut, that this is prevented from being turned around by Iran and thereby nothing is moved along the standard.

Vricklasningsorganet utgores foretradesvis av en vrickback, medan det lyftorgan, som är avsett att forbindas med den for lyftning avsedda lasten, foretradesvis utgores av en vrickbacken och muttern inneslutande kapa. Manoverorganet utgores vanligen av en havstang. The weld means is preferably a jaw, while the lifting means which is intended to be connected to the load intended for lifting is preferably a jaw and the nut enclosing the cap. The actuator is usually a sea rod.

Vid lyftning av kapan medelst havstangen med uppstod fran den mot standaren vricklasande backen medfor f8rbindelsen mellan pa och mutter, att den sistnanmda under omvridning forskjutes uppal utmed standaren. Da manoverkraften avlastas fran havstangen, kommer kapan att vila mot muttern. For sankning av kapan utmed standaren maste muttern omvridas. When lifting the canopy by means of the sea rod, the connection between the pawl and the nut, which rises towards the stand, causes the latter to be displaced upwards along the stand. As the maneuvering force is relieved from the sea rod, the hood will rest against the nut. To lower the hood along the stand, the nut must be turned.

For att en mekanism av delta slag skall arbeta tillfredsstallande, Haste kopplingssambandet mellan mutter och skruvstyrning vara reversibelt, sa att den kraft, som under lyftrorelsen formedlas till muttern tack vare dennas koppling till kapan, kan bringa muttern alt skruvas uppat samtidigt med lyftningen av kapan. Daremot maste det kopplingssamband, som innefattar kapans uppstod fran den i ingrepp med standaren varan.de muttern, vara irreversibelt, for att den mot vikten av pan samt den av denna uppburna lasten svarande kraften icke skall kunna framkalla omvridning av muttern och darigenom sankningsrorelse hos domkraften. In order for a delta type mechanism to work satisfactorily, the coupling relationship between nut and screw guide must be reversible, so that the force transmitted to the nut during the lifting movement due to its coupling to the sheath can cause the nut to be screwed up at the same time as the sheath is lifted. On the other hand, the coupling connection, which includes the hood formed from it in engagement with the standard varan.de nut, must be irreversible, so that the force corresponding to the weight of the pan and the load carried by it can not cause rotation of the nut and thereby sliding movement of the jack .

I en utforingsform av uppfinningen bestar domkraften av en standare med en skruvformad styrning, en motsvarande gangstigning uppvisande mutter i ingrepp med standaren, en med denna likaledes ingripande vrickback, en muttern och backen innehallande kapa, som är avsedd att forbindas med den for lyftning avsedda lasten, ett vid muttern fast vridorgan, t. ex. kullager, en koppling mellan det- 2 _— — ta vridorgan och kapan och en elastisk kopp- hugkapan och vrickbacken och en knafOrsedd haystang, vilken med sin ena finde är svangbart forbunden med kapan och med sitt kna Wader mot vrickbacken, varvid nãmnda kapa i vilolage erhaller uppstad Iran muttern utmed en stympad konisk yta under forrnedling av ett mellanvarande belagg med hog friktionskoefficient och muttern är forsedd med ett mebringarorgan for sin omvridning. In an embodiment of the invention, the jack consists of a stand with a helical guide, a corresponding aisle having a nut engaged with the stand, a jaw jaw corresponding thereto, a nut and jaw containing a cap, which is intended to be connected to the load intended for lifting , a rotating member fixed to the nut, e.g. ball bearings, a coupling between the rotating means and the cape and an elastic cup-cutting cape and the jawbone and a buttoned haystack, which with one of its fins is pivotally connected to the cape and with its knuckle Wader to the jawbone, the said cape in The bearing nut is obtained from the Iran nut along a truncated conical surface while forming an intermediate coating with a high coefficient of friction and the nut is provided with a mebringer means for its rotation.

Kopplingen mellan kapan och det vid muttern fasta vridorganet kan vara elastisk. Den kan aven utgaras av ett lager, som ar anordnat att vid den knaforsedda havstimgens samverkan med den vid standaren lasta vrickbacken for lyftning av kapan skjuta saval vridorganet som muttern uppat, och att darvid avlagsna friktionsbelagget pa mutterns koniska yta nagot fran motsvarande koniska parti hos kapan. Da manoverkraften avlastas fran havstangen, sankes kapan till kontakt med muttern. Anliggning kan ske utmed stora kontaktytor, utan att anordningen behaver bli alltfor skrymmande, varigenom friktionen hos belaggningen pa kapans uppstod fir tillracklig for att sakerstalla irreversibilitet hos systemet utan att nodvandiggora komplettering med sparrmekanism. The coupling between the cap and the nut fixed to the nut can be elastic. It can also be made of a bearing, which is arranged to push the swivel jaw as the nut upwards, in the interaction of the crimped sea shovel with the load load at the stand, and thus to remove the friction coating on the conical surface of the nut slightly from the corresponding conical portion of the cap. . When the maneuvering force is relieved from the sea rod, the cap is lowered into contact with the nut. Bearing can take place along large contact surfaces, without the device having to become too bulky, whereby the friction of the coating on the hood arose for sufficient to ensure irreversibility of the system without necessitating supplementation with a ratchet mechanism.

Enligt en annan utforingsform av uppfinningen ar kopplingen mellan kapan och det med muttern forbundna vridorganet elastisk. FOrutsatt att kopplingssambandet mellan mutter och skruystyming ar reversibelt, bringar den av ifragavarande koppling vid lyftning av kapan utovade kraften muttern att under omvridning forflyttas uppat utmed standaren, tills den pa nytt slar an mot kapan, som darvid bringas att fa uppstod fran densamma. Ka-pans uppstod fran muttern kan erhallas utmed plana ytor, mellan vilka ytor anbringas en packning med mycket hog friktionskoeffi- dent. Systemets irreversibilitet kompletteras foretradesvis medelst en sparrmekanism, som ar anordnad att forhindra mutterns omvrid- ning i mot sankning svarande riktning och ar utlasbar pa sadant satt, att muttern for kapans sankning kan avsiktligt omvridas medelst ett yttre organ. According to another embodiment of the invention, the coupling between the cap and the rotating member connected to the nut is elastic. Provided that the coupling connection between nut and screw control is reversible, the force exerted by the coupling in question when lifting the casing causes the nut to be moved upwards along the stand during rotation, until it strikes again against the casing, which is thereby caused to arise from it. The cap formed from the nut can be obtained along flat surfaces, between which surfaces a gasket with a very high coefficient of friction is applied. The irreversibility of the system is preferably supplemented by means of a locking mechanism, which is arranged to prevent the nut from rotating in the direction corresponding to lowering and is lockable in such a way that the nut for lowering the cap can be intentionally turned by means of an external member.

Nedan skall uppfinningen narmare beskrivas under hfinvisning till de bifogade ritningarna. The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 askadliggor en mekanisk domkraft i en axialsektion utmed linjeni fig. 2. Fig. 1 is a mechanical jack in an axial section along the line in Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 ar en frontvy Over domkraften samt en sektion utmed linjenI fig 1. Fig. 2 is a front view of the jack and a section along the line in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 askadliggor en annan utfOringsform av mekanisk domkraft med framre delen av kapan avlagsnad. Fig. 3 shows another embodiment of a mechanical jack with the front part of the hood removed.

Fig. 4 ar en sektion utmed linjeni fig. 3. Fig. 4 is a section along the line in Fig. 3.

I den i fig. 1 och 2 visade utforingsformen bestar domkraftens standare av ett r8r eller en stang 1 med cirkulfir tvarsektion, i vars mantelyta är upptaget ett skruvformat styr spar 2 och som vid sin nedre ande har en fotplatta 3. En mutter 4 med samma gfingstigfling sonl det skruvformade styrsparet 2 ar under omvridning forskjutbar ntmed standaren 1. En vrickback 5, som uppvisar en Opp-. ning 6 med nagot storre diameter an standarens 1 ytterdiameter, -ar farskjutbar utmed standaren. En muttern 4 och vrickbacken 5_ inneslutande kapa 7 'fir avenledes forskjutbar utmed standaren 1, soni upptages av oppningar 8 och 9 i kapan. In the embodiment shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the stand of the jack consists of a tube or a rod 1 with a circular cross section, in the circumferential surface of which a helical guide groove 2 is accommodated and which at its lower end has a foot plate 3. A nut 4 with the same gfingstigfling sonl the helical guide pair 2 is under rotation displaceable ntmed the stand 1. A vrickback 5, which has an Opp-. 6 with a slightly larger diameter than the outer diameter of the stand 1, is displaceable along the stand. A nut 4 and the jaw 5 enclosing the cap 7 'are equally displaceable along the stand 1, which are occupied by openings 8 and 9 in the cap.

Med sin nedre del viler muttern 4 pa ett kullager 10, som bestar av en nedre lagerbana 10a och ett lagerhus 10b, mellan vilka kulor - 10c inneslutas. Lagerhuset 10b ar upptaget i mutterns 4 nedre del och lagerbanan 10a vilar pa en bricka 11, som i sig spiv viler mot en ansats 12 hos kapan 7. Den ovre delen av muttern 4 har stympad konisk form och uppbar ett hOg friktionskofficient uppvisande belagg 13, mot vilket kapan 7 ar anordnad att anligga med en styinpad konisk anliggningsyta 14. Mellan de olika delarna fOrefinnes spel, far att ett mellanrum skall uppsta mellan anliggningsytan 14 och belagget 13, nar kapan 7 skjutes uppat och darvid via ansatsen 12, brickan 11 och kullagret 10 lyfter muttern. Da kapan 7 awes nedat, vilar den med sin anliggningsyta 14 mot belagget 13, varfOr spelet i stfillet upptrader i kullagret mellan mutterns 4 nedre ande .och brickan 11. Lagerhusets 10a ytterflans fir tillrackligt hag for att kulorna 10c darvid icke skola kunna avlagsna sig ur kullagret. With its lower part, the nut 4 rests on a ball bearing 10, which consists of a lower bearing track 10a and a bearing housing 10b, between which balls - 10c are enclosed. The bearing housing 10b is received in the lower part of the nut 4 and the bearing web 10a rests on a washer 11, which in itself rests against a shoulder 12 of the cover 7. The upper part of the nut 4 has a truncated conical shape and supported a high coefficient of friction having coating 13, against which the cover 7 is arranged to abut with a stylized conical abutment surface 14. Between the various parts there is a gap, a gap should arise between the abutment surface 14 and the coating 13, when the cover 7 is pushed upwards and thereby via the shoulder 12, the washer 11 and the ball bearing 10 lifts the nut. When the cover 7 is lowered downwards, it rests with its abutment surface 14 against the coating 13, wherefore the play in the fillet occurs in the ball bearing between the lower end of the nut 4 and the washer 11. The outer flange of the bearing housing 10a is sufficient to prevent the balls 10c coal storage.

Muttern 4 Or forsedd med en kuggkrans 15, som ar ikoaxiell med standaren 1 och star i ingrepp med ett i kapan 7 vridbart lagrat koniskt kuggdrev 16, som utanfor huset 7 Or forlangt med ett sexkanthuvud 17, som Or omvridbart medelst en sexkanthylsa pa vevslang. The nut 4 is provided with a gear ring 15, which is eco-axial with the stand 1 and engages with a conical gear 16 rotatably mounted in the housing 7, which is required outside the housing 7 or with a hexagon head 17, which is rotatably by means of a hexagon socket on a crankshaft.

Mellan kapans 7 botten och vrickbacken 5 forefinnes en fjader 18, som Or anordnad att paverka vrickbacken 5 med en uppatriktad fjaderkraft. Kapan 7 har ett Mister 19, genom vilket vrickbacken 5 skjuter ut med en for- langningsdel 5a. En. vinkelbockad havstang 20 liar en gaffelformad dude 20a, vars gaffel- skanklar aro svangbara kring en gemensam axel 21, som vid 21a och 21b Or fast vid huset 7 pa i och for sig kant satt exempelvis ge- nom nitning. Gaffelandens 20a kna skjuter ut gen:om sidoOppningen 19 och uppbar genom vridlagring 22a i gaffelandens hada skanklar en trissa 22, som anligger mot backens 5 forlangning 5a. Havstangens 20 ytterande kan exempelvis besta av ett sexkanthuvud 20b till upptagande av ett r5r eller t. o. m. nyssnamnda vevslang far manovrering av domkraften. Between the bottom of the hood 7 and the tilting jaw 5 there is a spring 18, which Or is arranged to act on the tilting jaw 5 with an upwardly directed spring force. The cover 7 has a Mister 19, through which the jaw jaw 5 projects with an extension part 5a. One. angled sea rod 20 is a fork-shaped dude 20a, the fork shanks of which are pivotable about a common axis 21, which at 21a and 21b are fixed to the housing 7 on a per se edge, for example by riveting. The knuckle of the fork land 20a protrudes gene: about the side opening 19 and supported by rotary bearing 22a in the fork land hada a pulley 22, which abuts against the extension 5a of the jaw 5. The outer edge of the sea rod 20 may, for example, consist of a hexagon head 20b for receiving a pipe or even the just mentioned crankshaft for maneuvering the jack.

Domkraften kan forbindas med det for lyftning avsedda fordonet medelst kanda medel. The jack can be connected to the vehicle intended for lifting by known means.

SO t. ex. Or en lyftkonsol 23 med sina flansar 23a och 23b svangbart forbunden med kapan 7 vid 24a resp. 24b. Ett rar 25 med fyrkantsek- 1.80 766 Hon ar svangbart kring en axel 26, som uppbares av konsolen 23. Da domkraften intager arbetslage, infores roret 25 i en styrning 25a, som uppbares av det fOr lyftning avsedda fordonet och slar vid sin utsvangning frail dom- kraften an mot konsolens 23 del 23c. Informdet av roret 25 i styrningen 25a begransas me-deist en vid rOret 25 fast ansats 25b. I vila intager konsolen 23 det vid 23' visade laget, medan roret 25 intager -vilolaget 25'. SO e.g. Or a lifting bracket 23 with its flanges 23a and 23b pivotally connected to the cap 7 at 24a resp. 24b. She is pivotable about a shaft 26, which is supported by the bracket 23. When the jack engages the working position, the tube 25 is inserted into a guide 25a, which is supported by the vehicle intended for lifting and strikes at its swing free. - the force against the console 23 part 23c. The information of the rudder 25 in the guide 25a is limited by means of a shoulder 25b fixed to the rudder 25. At rest, the bracket 23 occupies the layer shown at 23 ', while the rudder 25 occupies the resting layer 25'.

Am fig. 2 framgar, att kapan 7 ar utfOrd i tva delar, vilka aro forenade utmed en fog 7a I ett syrnmetriplan, som sammanfaller med figurens 1 plan. Darigenom underlattas monteringen av de organ, vilka skola befinna sig i kapans inre. Fig. 2 shows that the cap 7 is made in two parts, which are joined along a joint 7a in a plane of metrics, which coincides with the plane of the figure 1. This facilitates the assembly of the organs which are to be located inside the hood.

Vid lyftning medelst domkraften paverkas havstangen 20 i den mot pilen 27 svarande riktningen. Trissan 22, som vilar mot vrick- backens 5 forlangning 5a, vrickar backen till lasingrepp med standaren 1. Under inverkan av den mot pilen 27 svarande kraften svanges havstangen 20 medurs kring den mot vrickbacken 5 anliggande trissan 22 och lyfter under formedling av axeln 21 kapan 7 och det med denna exempelvis medelst roret 25 och konsolen 23 forbundna fordonet. Darvid skjuter kapan. 7 muttern 4 uppat, sasom ovan namnts, varvid spelet medfor, att belagget 13 joke star i kontakt med anliggningsytan 14. Den uppatriktade kraften formedlas till muttern 4 av kullagret 10, som joke motverkar mutterns 4 omvridningsrorelse, varfor muttern under omvridning foljer kapans 7 forskjutningsrorelse utmed standaren 1 och sarntidigt bringar det koniska kuggdrevet 17 att omvridas, da gangforbindelsen mellan muttern 4 ,och det skruvformade sparet 2 ar reversibel. When lifting by means of the jack, the sea rod 20 is actuated in the direction corresponding to the arrow 27. The pulley 22, which rests against the extension 5a of the tilting jaw 5, tilts the jaw into laser engagement with the stand 1. Under the influence of the force corresponding to the arrow 27, the sea rod 20 is pivoted clockwise around the pulley 22 abutting the tilting jaw 5 and lifts the shaft 21. 7 and the vehicle connected thereto, for example by means of the rudder 25 and the bracket 23. Darvid shoots the cape. 7 the nut 4 upwards, as mentioned above, whereby the game causes the coating 13 to jock in contact with the abutment surface 14. The applied force is transmitted to the nut 4 by the ball bearing 10, which joke counteracts the rotational movement of the nut 4, so the nut follows the displacement movement of the cap 7 along the stand 1 and at the same time causes the conical gear 17 to be rotated, as the passage connection between the nut 4 and the helical groove 2 is reversible.

Nar den mot pilen 27 svarande manOverkraften avlastas frau havstangen 20, sanker fordonets tyngd kapan 7 till anslag mot muttern 4, varvid doss anliggningsyta 14 med kraft pressar mot belagget 13. Om. friktionen mellan helagget 13 och anliggningsytan 14 är tillracklig, medfor dess motverkande av mutterns omvridning, att kopplingssambandet mellan kapan 7 och den 1 ingrepp med skruvsparet 2 varande muttern 4 blir irreversibelt. Kapan 7 och det ay denna understOdda fordo-net vila salunda pa muttern 4, vilken forblir fixerad i forhallande till stkndaren 1. Om. haystangens 20 ande 20b svanges i motsatt riktning i forhallande till pilen 27, medfor svangningen kring axeln 21, att trissan 22 avlagsnas fran forlangningen 5a ay vrickbacken 5. Den sistnaranda Mapper dardd sitt vricklasningsgrepp om standaren 1 och skjutes uppat ay fjadern 18, vilken har uppsted frau kapans 7 ororliga botten. Vrickbacken 5 forskjutes salunda uppat utmed standaren 1 och foljer trissans 22 lyftrorelser, tills den intager det i fig. 1 askadliggjorda laget, i vilket domkraften ar redo att utfora en fly lyftr8relse. When the manpower corresponding to the arrow 27 is relieved from the sea pole 20, the weight of the vehicle lowers the cap 7 to abut against the nut 4, whereby the bearing surface 14 presses forcefully against the coating 13. If. the friction between the whole bearing 13 and the abutment surface 14 is sufficient, with the consequence of its counteracting of the rotation of the nut, that the coupling connection between the cap 7 and the engagement with the screw pair 2 being the nut 4 becomes irreversible. Kapan 7 and that of this supported vehicle rest solely on the nut 4, which remains fixed in relation to the switch 1. If. the spirit 20b of the haystack 20 is pivoted in the opposite direction relative to the arrow 27, with the pivot about the shaft 21 causing the pulley 22 to be deflected from the extension 5a ay the jaw 5. The latter Mapper dards its wiggling grip on the stand 1 frau kapans 7 ororliga botten. The crank 5 is thus displaced upwards along the stand 1 and follows the lifting movements of the pulley 22, until it assumes the layer damaged in Fig. 1, in which the jack is ready to perform a flight lifting movement.

Domkraften bringas saluncla att utfora stegvisa lyftrorelser genom fram- och atergaende svangningsrorelser medelst havstangen 20, varvid lyfthoj dsfOrlusten efter vane lyftrorelse f8r kapan 7 begransar sig till det tillatna spelet mellan belagget 13 och anliggningsytan 14. Vid sankningsrorelsen dr det tillrackligt att bringa den ovan namnda sexkanthylsan rued vevslang i ingrepp med sexkanthuvudet 17 och oravrida det koniska kuggdrevet 16 1 lamplig riktning (moturs pa ritningen). Dot koniska kuggdrevet 16, som. star i ingrepp med kuggkransen 15, om-vrider darvid muttern 4 i den mot sankningsrorelse utmed skruvsparet 2 svarande riktningen. Dot mot-stand, sour darvid maste overvin.nas, harror frau friktionen mellan belagget 13 och anliggningsytan 14. Sâ snart omvridningen ay sexkanthuvudet 17 upphor, upphor amen omvridningen ay muttern 4, varvid huset 7 ph nytt vilar mot muttern 4, som fOrblir ororlig i forhallande till standaren 1. Sankningsrorelsen ar darfor helt under .kontroll och -fun hejdas pa varje onskad lyfthojd. The jack is brought saluncla to perform step-by-step lifting movements by reciprocating oscillating movements by means of the sea rod 20, whereby the lifting height loss after habitual lifting movement for the cap 7 is limited to the allowable play between the lining 13 and the abutment surface 14. rued crank hose in engagement with the hexagon head 17 and unscrew the conical gear 16 in the lamp direction (counterclockwise in the drawing). Dot bevel gear 16, which. engages the ring gear 15, thereby turning the nut 4 in the direction corresponding to the counting movement along the screw pair 2. Dot resistance, which must be overcome, causes the friction between the coating 13 and the abutment surface 14. As soon as the rotation of the hexagon head 17 ceases, the rotation of the nut 4 ceases, with the housing 7 ph resting again against the nut 4, which remains unshakable. in relation to the standard 1. The lowering movement is therefore completely under .control and -fun is stopped at each desired lifting height.

Domkraftens verkan dr betingad ay forhallandet mellan skruvsparets 2 stigning och friktionskoefficienten for anliggningen mellan belagget 13 och anliggningsytan 14 och av toppvinkeln for den mot nyssnamnda anliggningsyta svarande konen. Sparets 2 stigning kan ligga mellan tvenne granser, namligen en nedre grans, under vilken kopplingssambandet mellan mutter och skruvspar ar absolut irreversibelt (muttern 4 joke foljer kapans 7 lyftrorelser), och en ovre grans, ovanfor vilken systemet ar reversibelt yid sankningsrorelsen (den fordonsvikten uppbarande och mot muttern 4 vilande kap= 7 kan omvrida muttern i mot sankning svarande riktning). Dessa bada betingelser fOr reversibilitet vid lyftning och for irreversibilitet vid sankning palagger likaledes pa toppvinkeln for den koniska anliggningsytan 14- en ovre och en undre grans, vilka hada granser for ovrigt kunna variera i miss utstrackning i beroende ay stigningen for det skruvformade styrsparet 2. The effect of the jack is conditioned on the ratio between the pitch of the screw pair 2 and the coefficient of friction for the abutment between the coating 13 and the abutment surface 14 and by the apex angle of the cone corresponding to the abutment surface just mentioned. The pitch of the spade 2 can lie between two boundaries, namely a lower boundary, below which the coupling connection between nut and screw pair is absolutely irreversible (nut 4 joke follows the 7 movement movements of the cap), and an upper boundary, above which the system is reversible during the collecting movement (vehicle weight bearing and against the nut 4 resting cap = 7 can turn the nut in the direction corresponding to lowering). These two conditions for reversibility during lifting and for irreversibility when lowering also adhere to the top angle of the conical abutment surface 14- an upper and a lower boundary, which had boundaries may otherwise vary to varying degrees depending on the pitch of the helical guide pair 2.

Dot bor for ovrigt beaktas, att for faststallande av gransen for irreversibiliteten yid sankning hansyn bor tagas till den for rOrelse gallande friktionskoefficienten mellan belagget 13 och anliggningsytan 14 och icke enbart till friktionskoefficienten i rvila. Om hansyn endast tages till den sistnamnda, som ar hogre an den fOrstnamnda, lopes risken av ett system, som ar irreversibelt i vila men reversibelt i rorelse och som leder till instabil jamvikt hos domkraften. Da muttern 4 en gang bragts ,att rotera i den mot sankning svarande riktningen, fortsatter darvid sankningsrorelsen under tyngdkraftens inverkan, utan att det koniska kuggdrevet 16 behover onivridas me-. delst en yttre manoverkraft. It should also be borne in mind that, in order to determine the limit of irreversibility in the lowering, the coefficient of friction between the coating 13 and the abutment surface 14 and not only the coefficient of friction at rest should be taken into account. If the view is taken only of the latter, which is higher than the former, the risk is run by a system which is irreversible at rest but reversible in motion and which leads to an unstable balance of the jack. Once the nut 4 has been caused to rotate in the direction corresponding to lowering, the lowering movement then continues under the influence of gravity, without the conical gear 16 having to be rotated un-. partly an external maneuvering force.

Vid den i fig. 3 och 4 askadliggjorda utf6-. ringsformen aterfinnas forutom den av en 4— — slang eller ett ror bestaende standaren 1 med (less skruvformade styrspar 2 och dess sasom markstod tjanande fotplatta 3 aven muttern 4, kullagret 10 och vrickbacken 5 med dennas hal 6, men kulIagret 10 ar elastiskt forbundet med kapan 7 medelst en fjader 28, som stoder mot tva tvarstanger 2 och 30. Da. kapan 7 icke utsattes for flagon forskjutningsrorelse upp- vilar den pa muttern 4 fOrmedelst plana sidor 31a och 31b hos en bricka 31 Hied hog friktionskoefficient. Slutligen är muttern 4 -vid sin nedre ande utformad med en kuggkrans 32. En gaffelformad havarm 33, som vid 34 är svangbart lagrad vid kapan 7, utsattes vid sin ena ande av en nedatriktad fjaderkraft Iran en yid 36 i ha:pan fast fjader 35. Vid namnda ande uppbar havarmen 33 ett sparrdon 37, som Sr anordnat att ing-ripa med kuggkransen 32 och att medgiva omvridning av muttern 4 i mot lyftning svarande riktning men att hindra dess omvridning i motsatta riktningen. Vid sin andra ande uppbar den gaffelformade havarmen 33 ett lager 38, i vilket är lagrad en axel 39, som vid sin inre an-de uppbar ett kugghjul 40, medan den vid sin andra, utanfor kapan 7 belagna ande uppvisar ett sexkanthuvud 41. Sexkanthuvudet ãr avsett att upptagas i en motsvarande sexkanthylsa i ena anden av en till det for lyftning avsedda fordonet horande vevslang. Om sexkanthuvudet 41 medelst derma vev utsattes for en med pilen 42 antydd nedatriktad kraft, fores kugghjulet 40 till ingrepp med kuggkransen 32, medan sparrdonet 37 undanfOres fran denna, sasom visats pa ritningen. Darigenom kan, veven omvridas medurs, sa att muttern 4 pa grund av ingreppet mellan kugghjulet 40 och kuggkransen 32 omvrides i den mot sankning svarande riktningen. Vid avlastning av den nedatriktade kraften i pilens 42 riktning, svanger fjadern 35 havarmens mot sparrdonet 37 svarande ande nedat, sâ att kugghjulet 40 svanges undan fran kuggkransen 32, medan sparrdonet 37 fOres till spar-ringrepp med denna for att farhindra omvridning av muttern 4 I mot sankningsrorelse svarande riktning. In the embodiment shown in Figs. 3 and 4. The ring shape is found in addition to the standard 1 consisting of a 4-hose or a tube with a helical guide pair 2 and its ground-standing foot plate 3 of the nut 4, the ball bearing 10 and the jawbone 5 with its hal 6, but the ball bearing 10 is elastically connected to the cap 7 by means of a spring 28, which abuts two crossbars 2 and 30. Since the cap 7 is not subjected to rapid displacement, it rests on the nut 4 by means of flat sides 31a and 31b of a washer 31. High coefficient of friction. at its lower spirit formed by a ring gear 32. A fork-shaped sea arm 33, which at 34 is pivotally mounted at the cap 7, was exposed at its one end by a downward spring force Iran a yid 36 in the head fixed spring 35. At said spirit the sea arm 33 carried a locking device 37, which Sr arranged to engage with the ring gear 32 and to allow rotation of the nut 4 in the direction corresponding to lifting but to prevent its rotation in the opposite direction. The fork-shaped lever 33 bears a bearing 38, in which is mounted a shaft 39, which at its inner end carries a gear 40, while at its second end, located outside the housing 7, has a hexagon head 41. The hexagon head is intended to is accommodated in a corresponding hexagon socket in one end of a crank hose belonging to the vehicle intended for lifting. If the hexagon head 41 is subjected by means of this web to a downward force indicated by the arrow 42, the gear 40 is brought into engagement with the ring gear 32, while the spare device 37 is removed from it, as shown in the drawing. Thereby, the crank can be turned clockwise, so that the nut 4 due to the engagement between the gear 40 and the gear ring 32 is turned in the direction corresponding to lowering. When relieving the downward force in the direction of the arrow 42, the spring 35 swings the spirit of the sea arm corresponding to the ratchet 37 downwards, so that the gear 40 is pivoted away from the gear ring 32, while the ratchet 37 is moved into the ratchet engagement therewith to prevent rotation of the nut 4. direction corresponding to collection movement.

I lyftriktningen manovreras domkraften medelst en havstang 43, som vid 44 är svanghart forbunden med kapan 7. Denna havstang skjuter ut ur kapan genom dennas Mister 19 och dess mitt for vrickbacken 5 belagna inre ande uppvisar en ovre klack 43a och en nedre klack 43b. Da havstangen 43 svanges i den mot pilen 45, slar den ovre klaeken 43a an mot vrickbacken 5, som darvid vricklaser mot standaren 1, medan kapan 7 pa grund av ledforbindelsen 44 skjutes uppat. De vid kapan 7 fasta tvarstangerna 29 och 30 trycka samman fjadern 28. Denna skjuter kullagret 10 uppat, som darvid bringar den med styrsparet 2 ingripande muttern 4 att utfora en skruvformad lyftrorelse, tills muttern 4 anyo kommer i kontakt med kapans 7 ovre del via brickan 31. Det b5r observeras, att svangaxeln 34 fOr gaffelarmen 33 ar fast forbunden med kapan 7 och att den i fig. 3 vanstra anden av denna gaffelarm Mlles nedatsvangd av fjadern 35. Det saknar betydelse, huruvida sparrdonet 37 är I verksamt ingrepp med kuggkransen 32 eller icke, da detsamma under alla omstandigheter är anordnat att medgiva mutterns 4 omvridning i den mot lyftning svarande riktningen. DA. muttern 4 pa nytt forenas med kapan 7, bringas sparrdonet 37 tack vane fjadern 35 i ingrepp med kuggkransen 32, varfor muttern 4 icke kan omvridas i sankningsriktningen. Den mot pilen 45 svarande manoverkraften pa havstangen 43 kan salunda avlastas, ty den av domkraften: npplyfta lasten anpressar Japan 7 mot brickan 31, som genom sin friktion bromsar omvridningen av muttern 4. Om denna friktionskraft Sr tillracklig for att tillforsakra irreversibilitet hos systemet, har sparrdonet 37 icke att upptaga nagon kraft fOr att hindra mutterns 4 omvridning och fyller salunda endast en. sakerhetsfunktion. Nar den med pilen 45 antydda manaverkraften avlastas fran havstangen 43, upphor klacken 43a att paverka vrickbacken 5, vilken darvid slap-per sitt vricklasningsgrepp och svanges uppat av fjadern 18, sa att den slar an mot tvarstangen 30 och en i kapan 7 likaledes fast tvarstang 46, varigenom den bringas att intaga ett utgangslage for en fly lyftningsrorelse medeIst havstangen 43. Vid sin rorelse fOrblir vrickbacken innesluten mellan klackarna 43a och. 43b och sva.nger salunda havstangen 43 i den mot pilen 47 svarande riktningen. Denna svangningsrorelse for havstangen 43 understodjes av den som handhar manovreringen av domkraften. In the lifting direction, the jack is maneuvered by means of a sea rod 43, which at 44 is pivotally connected to the cap 7. This sea rod protrudes from the cap through its Mister 19 and its inner spirit located in the middle of the crank 5 has an upper lug 43a and a lower lug 43b. When the sea rod 43 is swung in it towards the arrow 45, the upper claw 43a strikes against the jaw 5, which thereby jerk against the stand 1, while the cap 7 is pushed upwards due to the hinge connection 44. The transverse rods 29 and 30 fixed to the cover 7 compress the spring 28. This pushes the ball bearing 10 upwards, which thereby causes the nut 4 engaging with the guide pair 2 to perform a helical lifting movement, until the nut 4 anyo comes into contact with the upper part 7 31. It should be noted that the pivot shaft 34 of the fork arm 33 is fixedly connected to the cap 7 and that the spirit of this fork arm shown in Fig. 3 is swung down by the spring 35. It is irrelevant whether the chassis 37 is in effective engagement with the ring gear 32. or not, since the same is in all circumstances arranged to allow the rotation of the nut 4 in the direction corresponding to lifting. DA. the nut 4 is re-joined to the cap 7, the sparring device 37 is brought into engagement with the ring gear 32 thanks to the spring 35, so that the nut 4 cannot be turned in the lowering direction. The maneuvering force on the sea rod 43 corresponding to the arrow 45 can thus be relieved, for that of the jack: lifting the load presses Japan 7 against the washer 31, which by its friction slows down the rotation of the nut 4. If this frictional force is sufficient to ensure irreversibility of the system, the spare device 37 does not absorb any force to prevent the rotation of the nut 4 and thus fills only one. security function. When the maneuvering force indicated by the arrow 45 is relieved from the sea rod 43, the heel 43a ceases to actuate the jaw 5, which thereby loosens its twisting grip and is swung upwards by the spring 18, so that it strikes the crossbar 30 and a likewise fixed crossbar 7. 46, whereby it is caused to assume an initial position for a quick lifting movement by means of the sea rod 43. During its movement, the jawbone remains enclosed between the lugs 43a and. 43b and then swings the sea rod 43 in the direction corresponding to the arrow 47. This oscillating movement of the sea rod 43 is supported by the person handling the maneuvering of the jack.

Lyftrorelsen hos domkraften astadkommes salunda genom svangning av havstangen 43 vaxelvis uppta och nedat. Sasom namnts, sker sankningsrorelsen medelst en vev, som parades pa sexkanthuvudet 41, varvid detta utsattes dels for en nedatsvangning i den mot pilen 42 svarande riktningen, dels for en omvridning medurs. The lifting motion of the jack is thus accomplished by swinging the sea rod 43 alternately up and down. As mentioned, the lowering movement takes place by means of a web, which is paired on the hexagon head 41, whereby this is subjected partly to a downward swing in the direction corresponding to the arrow 42, and partly to a clockwise rotation.

Kapan 7 forbindes med det fOr lyftning avsedda fordonet med ett system, som Sr analogt med det i fig. 1 och 2 antydda. Ett fyrkantror 48, som är infort i kapan 7 genom ett fonster 49 och ledbart forbundet med kapan vid 50, kan inforas i en vid det for lyftning avsedda fordonet fast styrning och är anordnat alt vid utatsvangning fran domkraften sla an mot ett anslag 51 hos kapan. I vilolage Sr fyrkantroret 48 nedatsvangt kring sin svangaxel 50 till det vid 48' visade laget i anliggning mot ka'pan 7. The cover 7 is connected to the vehicle to be lifted by a system which is analogous to that indicated in Figs. 1 and 2. A square 48, which is inserted into the hood 7 through a window 49 and articulated to the hood at 50, can be inserted into a fixed guide during the vehicle intended for lifting and is arranged to strike a stop 51 of the hood when swinging out of the jack. . In the rest position, the square 48 is swung downwards around its pivot axis 50 to the layer shown at 48 'in abutment against the cover 7.

I den nyss beskrivna utforingsformen fyller sparrdonet 7 endast en sakerhetsfunktion, medan systemets irreversibilitet sakerstalles av brickans 31 hoga friktionskoefficient. I en annan utforingsform Sr denna friktionskoefficient nagot lagre, varfor systemet icke langre Sr irreversibelt, da sparrdonet 37 undanfores — — frau kuggkransen 32 vid svangning av gaffelarmen i den mot pilen 42 svarande riktningen. Friktionskoefficienten kan valjas sa, att domkraften under inverkan av kraften fran den uppburna lasten darvid forsattes i en mjuk sankningsrorelse utan ryck. Kugghjulet 40 behovs darvid icke langre utan kan uteslutas. Om sparrdonet 37 ãr i verksamt ingrepp mot kuggkransen 32 till fOljd av att den mot pilen 42 svarande kraften avlastats, sakerstaller sparrdonet systemets irreversibilitet, men behover endast upptaga en mycket liten kraft for detta, emedan omvridningen av muttern 4 bromsas genom den av brickan 31 uppvackta friktionskraften. In the embodiment just described, the spare device 7 fulfills only one safety function, while the irreversibility of the system is ensured by the high coefficient of friction of the washer 31. In another embodiment, this coefficient of friction is somewhat lower, so that the system is no longer irreversible, as the spare device 37 is removed from the ring gear 32 when the fork arm is pivoted in the direction corresponding to the arrow 42. The coefficient of friction can be chosen so that the jack, under the influence of the force from the supported load, is thereby continued in a soft lowering motion without jerks. The gear 40 is then no longer needed but can be omitted. If the locking device 37 is in effective engagement with the ring gear 32 as a result of the force corresponding to the arrow 42 being relieved, the locking device ensures the irreversibility of the system, but only needs to absorb a very small force for this, because the rotation of the nut 4 is slowed by the washer 31 the frictional force.

De beskrivna utforingsformerna aro endast aft betrakta sasom exempel och kunna mom ramen for uppfinningen underkastas modifikationer, sarskilt genom utbyte mot tekniska ekvivalenser. Salunda kan kapan ersattas av varje annat rorligt organ, som Or avsett att lyfta den ifragakommande lasten och vars lyftrorelse sker intermittent medelst ett organ shsom en havsthng, vilken far uppstod Iran en vricklasningsback. Skruvsparet 2 kan ersattas av en ganga, medan kullagret 10 kan ersattas av ett vridlager av annan typ. FOrbindelsen mellan detta lager och det rorliga organet, t. ex. kapan, kan vara elastisk. Den hay- som Or avsedd att lyfta det rorliga organet under uppstod fran vrickbacken, kan ersattas med nagot annat lampligt organ, exempelvis en. executer. The described embodiments are to be considered as examples only and may be subject to modifications within the scope of the invention, in particular by exchange for technical equivalents. Thus, the hood may be replaced by any other movable body which Or intended to lift the load in question and whose lifting movement takes place intermittently by means of a body such as a sea pole, which father gave Iran a reclining jaw. The screw pair 2 can be replaced by a thread, while the ball bearing 10 can be replaced by a pivot bearing of another type. The connection between this bearing and the movable member, e.g. cut, can be elastic. The hay- which Or intended to lift the movable organ below arose from the crotch, may be replaced by any other lamplike organ, for example one. executer.

Den visade lyftmekanismen med vrickback kan ershttas av varje annan lasmekanism. Det koniska kuggdrevet 16 kan ersattas av en rak kuggvaxel, varvid den snedstallda manovern mOjliggores exempelvis medelst en kardanknut. The lifting mechanism shown with a jawback can be replaced by any other welding mechanism. The conical gear 16 can be replaced by a straight gear shaft, whereby the inclined maneuver is possible, for example, by means of a universal joint.

Claims

By exam:

A mechanical jack of the type comprising a stand, along which the lifting movement takes place, a means displaceable along the stand \ Tick means, which Or arranged to twist against the stand to offer arose for a maneuvering means, for example one. sea rod or an ex-center, a lifting means, which Or arranged arranged to be connected to the load and to be provided by said maneuvering means cooperating with the wiggling means stepwise lifting movements along the stand, can be drawn by a nut (4), which engages with one of the stand (1) supported, helical guide, e.g. spar or walk, and as Or connected to said lifting means (7) by means of a means, which Or arranged to allow the nut aft by rotation along the helical guide to participate in said lifting means of lifting means, and to tilt the lifting means, as this is not displaced upwards by said maneuvering means (20, 43), that ph sadant salt rest against the nut (4), that this Madras frau to be twisted and thereby displaced downwards along the stand (1).

Jack according to patent claim 1, characterized by a cape, which Or is arranged to be connected to the load intended for lifting and to be displaced in the lifting direction stepwise along the stand (1) by means of a sea rod (20, 43), which Or is arranged to receive support. Iran a jawbone (5) enclosed in the khpan (7) and by a nut (4) also enclosed in the hood (7), which Or arranged to participate in the hood (7) by turning along a pair of screws (2) in the stand (1) ) lifting movements, varjamte kapan (7) Or arranged that between ph successive lifting movements rest on the nut (4), sa. that it is prevented from sliding downwards along the stand by turning (1).

3. A jack according to patent claim 2, characterized in that nut. (4) Or arranged to rest against a ball bearing (10), which in itself is arranged to rest against a member (11) connected to the cap (7), in which case the nut by being turned along the pair of screws (2) in the stand ( 1) shall follow the lifting movements of the hood (7).

4. A jack according to claim 2, characterized in that the nut (4) is arranged to rest on a ball bearing (10), which in itself is so connected to the cover (7) by means of an elastic member (28), that the nut at the lifting movements of the hood are displaced upwards by the elastic member during simultaneous rotation along the screw pair of the stand (1), until it is reunited with the hood.

5. A jack according to patent claim 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the maneuvering sea rod Or is a knurled sea rod (20), which with its one spirit Or is pivotally connected to the hood and with its knee has arisen frail vrickbacken (5).

Jack according to patent claim 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the overhead rod is a sea rod (43) pivotally connected to the cap, which has a fork-shaped spirit, the fork legs (43a, 43b) being above and below the articulated jaw (5), respectively.

7. A jack according to any one of claims 2-6, characterized in that the cap (7) is arranged to have successive lifting movements arising from the nut (4) along a conical abutment surface and having a high friction coefficient of coating (13) , which raises irreversibility in the coupling relationship.

8. A jack according to any one of patent claims 2-6, characterized in that the cap (7) between pa. Successive lifting movements and via a high coefficient of friction exhibiting coating Or arranged to be obtained from the nut (4), which in addition Or connected to the hood by means of a locking device (27), which Or arranged to allow rotation of the nut in the direction corresponding to lifting but not 6— the opposite direction and is triggerable to consent to the movement of collection by the jack.

9. A jack according to patent claim 8, characterized in that the coating is arranged to brake with sufficient frictional force the Ica-pan emerging nut in order to ensure irreversibility in the sinking direction, wherein the device fulfills a safety function.

10. A jack according to claim 8, wherein the liner is arranged to brake the nut with a frictional force which is insufficient to ensure irreversibility, in the event that when the sparred device is removed from the nut under the influence of gravity from the load spontaneously lifted by the jack to be turned in the direction corresponding to the collection movement.

A jack according to any one of patent claims 2-10, characterized in that the nut 12. is provided with a gear ring (15), which engages with a gear drive (15), which is connected to a hexagon head (17), which arranged to be rotated by means of a crank to effect the collecting motion of the jack. 13.

12. Judgment according to na.got of the patent claims. 8-11, can be drawn & ray, that the nut has a toothed ring (32), which is arranged to engage with the spare device (27) and the gear (15) -

A jack according to claim 12, characterized in that the locking device (27) and the shaft of the gear (15) are supported by a rocker member (33), which can be switched from a bearing, in which the locking device engages with the ring gear (32), to a another ldge, in which the gear (16) engages with it. Request publications: