SE180118C1

SE180118C1 -

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Publication number: SE180118C1
Authority: SE
Publication date: 1962-01-01

Description

Uppfinnare: J H Beyer Prioritet begard frdn den 13 januari 1955 (USA) Foreliggande uppfinning avser ett satt och en anordning for att gjuta metallror i en holisontell cylindrisk kokill. Inventor: J H Beyer Priority Required from January 13, 1955 (USA) The present invention relates to a set and a device for casting metal tubes in a horizontal cylindrical mold.

Att framstalla Hr genom kokillgjntning och liknande gjutmetoder är sedan 30 an tillbaka kant i USA. Vid nuvarande gjutmetoder anvandas cylindriska kokiller anordnade pa rullar i en vattermiantel och sa, att de kunna roteras med lamplig hastighet. Vattenman.. teln uppbares av hjul, sa att vattenmanteln och kokillen medelst en hydraulisk cylinder kunna forflyttas i kokillens axiella riktning pa en i forhallande till horisontalplanet nagot lutande badd. Smaltan inmatas i kokillen genom en pa samma salt lutande ranna. Vid gjutning tippas skanken med det smalta jar-net med konstant hastighet for att erhalla konstant gjuthastighet. Da kokillen befinner sig vid den stationara baddens Oyre dude är den klar for gjutning, varvid rannan stracker sig ned flings med nastan hela kokillens iangd. Sedan skanken fyllts pa roteras kokillen och paverkas mekanismen for tippning av skanken. Pa nagra f8 sekunder har jarnsmaltan utfyllt gjutrummet och kokillvagnen borjar f8rskjutas langs med badden. Den frau skinken tillstrommande jarnsmaltan runner ned pa gjutformens yta, dar den under inverkan an centrifugalkraften kvarhalles och bildar det gjutna roret. Producing Hr by mold casting and similar casting methods has been an edge in the United States for 30 years. In current casting methods, cylindrical molds are used arranged on rollers in a water jacket and so that they can be rotated at an appropriate speed. Aquarius is supported by wheels, so that the water jacket and the mold can be moved by means of a hydraulic cylinder in the axial direction of the mold on a bath slightly inclined in relation to the horizontal plane. The melt is fed into the mold through a drain sloping on the same salt. When casting, the shank is tipped with the narrow iron at a constant speed to obtain a constant casting speed. As the mold is at the stationary bath's Oyre dude, it is ready for casting, with the gutter extending down the flings with almost the entire length of the mold. After the shank has been filled, the mold is rotated and the mechanism for tipping the shank is affected. In a few seconds, the iron malt has filled the casting room and the mold trolley begins to move along the bath. The iron malt flowing in from the ham runs down to the surface of the mold, where it is retained under the influence of the centrifugal force and forms the cast pipe.

Vid utvecklingen an dylika maskiner upptackte man tidigt, att mycket battre resultat kunde erhallas, om man i stallet for att gjuta direkt pa formytan ,anbringade ett torrt obundet pulverformat material, sasom kiselj am, pa formens inre yta strax innan jarnsmaltan infordes. liven om detta innebar en avgjord forbattring medforde denna belaggning dock ej helt tillfresstallande ran Man har, enligt amerikanska patentet 2 399 606, aven fOrsokt bespruta kokillens formyta med en yatskelosning an pulverfor migt eldfast material och ett bindemedel for bildande an en vid formytan vidhaftande eldfast belaggning, farsedd med ett flertal pa insidan inbordes atskilda utsprang. In the development of such machines, it was discovered early on that much better results could be obtained if, instead of casting directly on the mold surface, a dry unbound powdered material, such as silicon, was applied to the inner surface of the mold just before the iron malt was introduced. However, according to U.S. Pat. No. 2,399,606, attempts have been made to spray the mold surface of the mold with a surface solution of powdered refractory material and a binder to form a refractory coating adhering to the mold surface. , provided with a plurality on the inside, separate protrusions.

En ay de uppenbara fordelarna med att anvanda kokiller or den hastighet, med vilken man kan gjuta ett stort antal ror i fOrhallande till andra gjutmetoder, sasom sandgjutning eller centrifugalgjutning med sandkladda formar. Gjuthastigheten har emellertid varit begransad pa grund an att kokillen for gjutning av varje r6r maste forflyttas tva fram- och atergaende slag. Ett fram- och atergaende slag atgar for att ingjuta metallsmaltan hangs hcla formens langd samtidigt som formen forflyttas relativt skanken, och for att draga ut det gjutna roret ur formen, da formen aterfores till sitt utgangslage. Det andra fram- och atergaende slaget utnyttjas vid en del gjutmetoder for att anbringa belaggningen pa formytan och yid andra metoder for att installa kokillen i ett lampligt lage for inforande an muffkarnan. Det extra fram- och atergaende slaget liar endast kunnat utelamnas genom att anordna speciella medel for utdragning av det gjutna r8ret utan att forflytta kokillen i langdled. Den sistnamnda metoden erfordrar femtio procent mera utrymme i langdled Oval som extra anordningar och har ay denna anledning ej kommit till anvandning. One of the obvious advantages of using molds is the speed at which a large number of tubes can be cast in relation to other casting methods, such as sand casting or centrifugal casting with sandy molds. However, the casting speed has been limited due to the fact that the mold for casting of each pipe must be moved two reciprocating strokes. A reciprocating stroke is required to pour the metal malt over the length of the mold at the same time as the mold is moved relative to the shank, and to pull the cast tube out of the mold as the mold is returned to its initial stroke. The second reciprocating stroke is used in some casting methods to apply the coating to the mold surface and in other methods to install the mold in a suitable layer for insertion into the sleeve core. The extra reciprocating stroke could only be omitted by arranging special means for pulling out the cast pipe without moving the mold longitudinally. The latter method requires fifty percent more longitudinal space Oval as extra devices and has not been used for this reason.

Gjutmetoden enligt uppfinningen kannetecknas i huvudsak darav, att en eldfast gjutformsbelaggning anbringas pa insidan ay kokillen medelst en stationar, vid sin ande med ett munstycke fiirsedd stang, som är avsedd att fOras genom kokillen samtidigt som kokillen roteras under sin forflyttning i langdled i riktning bort Iran namnda stang till ett 'age, dar small metall kan hallas in i kokillen, att kokillens langsgaende rorelse stannas da Auden ay kokillen liar passerat stangens mun- 2— — stycksande, att smalt metall Mlles in i den frarnre anden av kokillen samtidigt som kokillen roterar for alt jamnt fordela metallsmaltan utmed kokillens inneryta med hjalp av centrifugalkraften, att kokillens rotation avstannas da metallsmaltan har stelnat, varefter kokillen fares tillbaka till sitt utgangslage i langdriktningen, varvid en utstotningsring pa stangen under denna kokillens langsgaende returrorelse anligger mot det giutna rorets ande, sd att rOret under kokillens fortsatta riirelse utsttites frau kokillen genom den ande av kokillen, dar metallsmaltan fylldes Dessa och iivriga for uppfinnincren utmarkande detaljer och fOrdelar bedrivas i det foljande med hanvisning till en A bifogade ritning visad gjutmaskin. The casting method according to the invention is mainly characterized by the fact that a refractory mold coating is applied to the inside of the mold by means of a stationary, in its spirit with a nozzle provided rod, which is intended to pass through the mold while the mold is rotated longitudinally away from Iran. said rod to an age where small metal can be poured into the mold, that the longitudinal movement of the mold is stopped when Auden ay the mold has passed the mouth of the rod, that narrow metal is milled into the outer spirit of the mold while the mold rotates For all that, distribute the metal malt along the inner surface of the mold by means of the centrifugal force, that the rotation of the mold is stopped when the metal malt has solidified, after which the mold is returned to its starting position in the longitudinal direction, an ejection ring on the rod that the tube has been exposed during the continued operation of the mold es frau kokil through the spirit of the mold, where the metal malt was filled These and other details and advantages distinctive to the invention are carried out in the following with reference to a drawing machine shown in the accompanying appendix.

Fig. 1 visar en sidvy av en maskin for gjutning av ror pa det salt som angives enligt foreliggande uppfinning. Fig. 1 shows a side view of a machine for casting tubes on the salt indicated according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 visar en forstorad sektion efter linj en i fig. 1, varvid somliga detaljer utelamnats for tydlighetens skull. Fig. 2 shows an enlarged section along line one in Fig. 1, with some details omitted for the sake of clarity.

Fig. 3 visar i forstorad skala en sektion efter linjen 11I—III i fig. 2, varvid utstotarstangen och munstyckena for belaggning av formytorna med ett eldfast material. Fig. 3 shows on an enlarged scale a section along the line 11I-III in Fig. 2, the ejector rod and the nozzles for coating the mold surfaces with a refractory material.

Fig. 4-8 askadliggiira de olika operationsstegen vid gjutningsforfarandet enligt uppfinningen. Figs. 4-8 illustrate the various operating steps in the casting process according to the invention.

Gjutmaskinen bestar av en stativdel 10, som Or forsedd med ett par horisontella och parallella skenor 11. En vagn 12 med hjul 13 och axlar 14 Or anordnad att forflyttas framat och bakat pa skenorna 11. Vagnen 12 uppbar en cylindrisk kokill 15, som bildar de formytor, vilka begransa gjutrorets yttre yta. Kcikillen 15 uppbares av ett flertal trissor 16, roterbart anordnade pa. konsoler 27, vilka Oro instaIlbara i riktning till och fran kokillen medelst stallskruvar 17, vilka Oro inskruvade I vagnens 12 vagg. Trissorna kunna salunda anvandas far att centrera kokilen genom installning av skruvarna 17 avensom for att uppbara kokillen och fOrhindra att den sviktar vid rotation kring sin horisontella axel. Kokillens rotation. astadkommes medelst en elmotor 18, som uppbares av ett stativ 19 pa vagnen 12. Den roterande rorelsen frail elmotorn 18 overfares frail axeln 20 till kugghjulet 23 och via frihjul 21 till ett kugghjul 22, som Or i drivande forbindelse med kokillen 15 genom en ring 26. The casting machine consists of a frame part 10, which Or is provided with a pair of horizontal and parallel rails 11. A carriage 12 with wheels 13 and axles 14 is arranged to be moved forwards and backwards on the rails 11. The carriage 12 carried a cylindrical mold 15, which forms the mold surfaces, which delimit the outer surface of the casting tube. The silicon 15 is supported by a plurality of pulleys 16, rotatably mounted on. brackets 27, which Oro are adjustable in the direction of and from the mold by means of stable screws 17, which Oro are screwed into the cradle of the carriage 12. The pulleys can thus be used to center the mold by installing the screws 17 in addition to supporting the mold and preventing it from failing upon rotation about its horizontal axis. The rotation of the mold. is provided by means of an electric motor 18, which is supported by a stand 19 on the carriage 12. The rotating movement of the electric motor 18 is transmitted from the shaft 20 to the gear 23 and via freewheel 21 to a gear 22, which .

Kylning av kokillen 15 astadkommes genom att spola densamma med en kylvatska, foretradesvis vatten. Spolningen av kokillens ytteryta sker genom munstycken 28, vilka aro anordnade utmed kokillen och uppbaras av rorledningar 29 for tillforsel av kylvatska. Vid den i fig. 1 visade maskinen finnas Ire rorledningar, en rakt under kokillens cent-rum och en pa vardera sidan pi ett avstand fran den undre av 120°. ROrledningarna aro anslutna till en kalla for kylvatska (ej visad), vilken Or forsedd med anordningar for reglering av kylvatsketillforseln under gjutningen. Kylvatskan avrinner fran kokillen genom. utloppsledningar 30, fOrdelade Hugs vagnens 12 botten och anslutna till teleskopror eller avloppsrannor 31, vilka i sin tur mynna vid avlopp 32. I stallet for ovan angivna kylanordning kan kokillen kylas medelst en kylmantel pa i och for sig kant sat. Cooling of the mold 15 is accomplished by rinsing it with a coolant, preferably water. The outer surface of the mold is flushed through nozzles 28, which are arranged along the mold and are supported by pipelines 29 for supplying cooling water. At the machine shown in Fig. 1 there are two pipelines, one directly below the center of the mold and one on each side at a distance from the lower one of 120 °. The pipes are connected to a coolant (not shown), which Or is provided with devices for regulating the supply of coolant during casting. The cooling liquid drains from the mold through. outlet pipes 30, distributed at the bottom of the Hugs carriage 12 and connected to telescopic tubes or drain gutters 31, which in turn open at drain 32. Instead of the above-mentioned cooling device, the mold can be cooled by means of a cooling jacket per se.

Vid kokillens raka cylindriska ande Or anordnad en tillslutningsdel 33, som forhindrar metallsmaltan att rinna ut -vid denna ande. Sasom visas i fig. 2 finns en Iangsgaende stang 34, som uppbares av ej visade lager. Vid sto:ngens 35 ena ande Or fast en arm 36, som uppbar ett bus 37, i vilket Or anordnad en ring, vars yttre diameter passar precis till kokillens inre. Ringen uppbares i huset 37 av ej visade lager. Ringens diameter Or lika med eller - mindre On diametern hos det ror som skall gjutas i kokillen. For inforande resp. utdragning av ringen anvandes en tryckluftcylinder 38. Stangen 34 Or ford genom en konsol 39, anordnad pa vagnen 12 och forsedd med en spiralformad slits 40, som Or avsedd att styra en pinne 41, som skjuter genom slitsen och Or fast vid stangen 34. Nar kolven i luftcylindern 38 forflyttas framat i riktning mot kokillens mufformade ande, tvingas Oven stangen 34 och pinnen 41 i denna riktning. For att pinnen 41 emellertid skall kunna forflyttas maste den fOlja den spiralformade slitsen 40, vilket rnedfOr rotation av axeln 31 och motsvarande rorelse hos armen 36 och den darvid fasta tillslutningsdelen 33 till det i fig. 2 visade laget. Om it andra sidan trycket I cylindern 38 omkastas, tvingas stangen 31 att rora sig i motsatt riktning och vrides motsatt riktning, varvid den kokillens ande tillslutande ringen fOrflyttas ut fran sitt med kokillen koaxiella loge. Arranged at the straight cylindrical spirit Or of the mold is a closing part 33, which prevents the metal malt from flowing out at this spirit. As shown in Fig. 2, there is a longitudinal rod 34, which is supported by bearings (not shown). Attached to one end of the pillar 35 is an arm 36 which carries a bushing 37, in which Or is arranged a ring, the outer diameter of which fits exactly to the interior of the mold. The ring is supported in the housing 37 by bearings not shown. Ring diameter Or equal to or - less On the diameter of the rudder to be cast in the mold. For informants resp. To pull out the ring, a compressed air cylinder 38 is used. The rod 34 is passed through a bracket 39, arranged on the carriage 12 and provided with a helical slot 40, which is intended to guide a pin 41, which projects through the slot and is fixed to the rod 34. When the piston in the air cylinder 38 is moved forward in the direction of the sleeve-shaped spirit of the mold, the rod 34 and the pin 41 are forced in this direction. However, in order for the pin 41 to be displaceable, it must follow the helical slot 40, which results in rotation of the shaft 31 and corresponding movement of the arm 36 and the thereby fixed closing part 33 to the layer shown in Fig. 2. If, on the other hand, the pressure in the cylinder 38 is reversed, the rod 31 is forced to move in the opposite direction and is rotated in the opposite direction, the spirit-closing ring of the mold being moved out of its mold coaxial with the mold.

Enligt foreliggande uppfinning ingjutes metallsmaltan genom den vid kokillens muffformade ande anordnade Taman 43 samtidigt som kokillen roterar. Metallsmaltan avhalles frail en skank 42 och rinner genom en ranna 44, vars pip 4.5 stracker sig in i kokillen ungef Or lika langt som den inre delen hos karnan 43. Skanken 42 Or foretradesvis utford av metall och forsedd med en eldfast bekladnad. Skankens storlek bor vara sadan, att man kan gjuta ett ror av den storlek som hestammes av kokillen och med den Onskade tjockleken. Metallsmaltan ingjutes fran skanken, genom att skankens bakre ande hOjes med hjalp av en hydraulisk lyftanordning. Denna hydrauliska lyftanordning bestar av en cylinder 47 med en kolv 48. Till den. ovre anden av kolven 48 Or ledbart fast en arm 49, vars andra ande Or fast forbunden med en. axel 73. Denna axel Or roterbart anordnad i lager, som uppbaras av ett stativ 46. Axelns ena and& 73 Or vidare fast forbunden med skankens 42 ena , —3 sida. En motsvarande anordning uppbar skanken pa dess motsatta sida. Fair avhallning vrides axeln 73 sd att skanken tippas, nfir kolven 48 skjutes uppat. Rannan 44 är fast forbunden med och uppbares av stOd 50, anordnade pa ett stativ 46. Vid ett annat utforande och sarskilt nar det gjutna roret skall uttagas me-deist en anordning, som hailer det i ett statio'Art lfige istallet f8r att det utdrages, sasom visas i det valda exemplet, kunna skfinken och pipen vara forflyttbara medelst hydrauliska cylindrar sd att skanken och pipen forflyttas ur linje med kokillen och bort fra'n denna. En lfimplig anordning for detta utforande visas exempelvis i amerikanska patentskriften 1 942 919. According to the present invention, the metal malt is poured through the Taman 43 arranged at the sleeve-shaped spirit of the mold at the same time as the mold rotates. The metal malt is held from a shank 42 and flows through a gutter 44, the spout 4.5 of which extends into the mold approximately as far as the inner part of the core 43. The shank 42 is preferably challenged by metal and provided with a refractory cladding. The size of the shank should be such that you can cast a rudder of the size that is hit by the mold and with the desired thickness. The metal malt is poured from the shank, by raising the rear spirit of the shank with the aid of a hydraulic lifting device. This hydraulic lifting device consists of a cylinder 47 with a piston 48. To it. upper spirit of the piston 48 Or articulated to an arm 49, the other spirit of which is firmly connected to a. shaft 73. This shaft Or rotatably arranged in bearings, which are supported by a stand 46. One end of the shaft & 73 Or further fixedly connected to one side of the shank 42, —3 side. A corresponding device carried the shank on its opposite side. Fair inclination, the shaft 73 is rotated so that the shank is tilted, before the piston 48 is pushed upwards. The gutter 44 is fixedly connected to and supported by support 50, mounted on a stand 46. In another embodiment and especially when the cast pipe is to be removed by means of a device which holds it in a stationary position instead of being pulled out , as shown in the selected example, the fin and the spout can be moved by means of hydraulic cylinders so that the shank and the spout are moved out of line with the mold and away from it. A suitable device for this embodiment is shown, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 1,942,919.

Vid motsatta anden av stativdelen 10 i forhallande till ingjutningsanden, är anordnad ett stationart stativ 51 far den ena anden av en anordning 52, som är forsedd med en utstotarstang och en besprutningsanordning. Denna del av maskinen bestar i huvudsak av en rorformad del 55 fast forbunden med stativet 51 medelst konsoler 53, vilka arc fasta medelst bultar 54. Det yttre roret 55, som utnyttjas som barare for besprutningsanordningen, har en sadan langd, att rorets ande 56 skjuter utanfor ett stalle vid eller forbi den yttre delen av kokillens mufformade finde 24, nar vagnen 12 forts sa langt tillbaka, att den vilar mot stativet 51. R8rets 55 fria ande är forsedd med en utstotarring 57, fast medelst 'brining eller svetsning. Denna utstOtarring Sr avsedd att komma till anliggning mot den tillslutna anden hos det gjutna roret i kokillen 15. At the opposite spirit of the frame part 10 in relation to the casting spirit, a stationary frame 51 is arranged, one spirit of a device 52, which is provided with an ejector rod and a spraying device. This part of the machine consists essentially of a tubular part 55 fixedly connected to the frame 51 by means of brackets 53, which are fixed by means of bolts 54. The outer tube 55, which is used as a carrier for the spraying device, has such a length that the spirit 56 of the tube pushes outside a stable at or past the outer part of the sleeve-shaped fin 24 of the mold, when the carriage 12 continues so far back that it rests against the frame 51. The free spirit of the tube 55 is provided with an ejector ring 57, fixed by brining or welding. This discharge ring is intended to come into contact with the closed spirit of the cast tube in the mold 15.

Ett mindre ror 60 ar anordnat inuti rfiret 55 och halles koaxiellt med detta medelst en cylinder 61, forskjutbart lagrad inuti roret och fast forbunden med roret 60. Rorets60 ena ande Sr fast vid en arm 74, som vidare Sr forbunden med en forlangning 62 av en kolv, anordnad parallellt med roret 60. Kolven Sr rOrlig fram och tillbaka inuti en. cylinder 63 och paverkas av tryckvitska, som infores genom en anslutning 64 eller 65 beroende pa i vilken riktning man onskar forflytta kolven och med denna fOrbundna delar. Vid rOrets 60 andra dude Sr ett lock 66 paskruvat och i narheten av detta aro anordnade munstycken 67 for insprutning av ett eldfast material for belaggDing av formytorna. Vid drift aro munstyckena 67 indragna i roret 55 sasom visas i fig. 3, under det att utstotarstangen utnyttjas f8r att skjuta ut ett fardiggjutet ror ur kokillen. N5r utst5tarstangens 55 ande skjuter forbi kokillens mufformade ande, sedan det gjutna roret skjutits ut, tillfores tryckvatska genom anslutningen 65 for att trycka kolven i cylindern 63 i riktning mot kokillen, varigenom salunda det inre 'brat 60 forflyttas i denna riktning tills sprutmunstyckena 67 fiirflyttats till ett frilage utanfor anden 56. Det for belaggning av formytorna avsedda materialet infores darefter genom roret 60 och sprutas under tryck ut genom munstyckena 67. A smaller tube 60 is arranged inside the tube 55 and is held coaxially with it by means of a cylinder 61, slidably mounted inside the tube and fixedly connected to the tube 60. One end of the tube 60 is fixed to an arm 74, which is further connected to an extension 62 of a tube. piston, arranged parallel to the rudder 60. The piston Sr rOrlig back and forth inside a. cylinder 63 and is affected by pressure whip, which is inserted through a connection 64 or 65 depending on the direction in which it is desired to move the piston and parts connected thereto. At the second dude 60 of the tube 60, a lid 66 is screwed on and near it are nozzles 67 for injecting a refractory material for coating the mold surfaces. In operation, the nozzles 67 are retracted into the tube 55 as shown in Fig. 3, while the ejector rod is used to eject a pre-cast tube from the mold. When the spirit of the ejector rod 55 projects past the sleeve-shaped spirit of the mold, after the cast tube has been ejected, pressurized liquid is supplied through the connection 65 to push the piston into the cylinder 63 in the direction of the mold, thereby moving the inner rim 60 in this direction. a free layer outside the duct 56. The material intended for coating the mold surfaces is then introduced through the tube 60 and sprayed under pressure through the nozzles 67.

Vid det valda exemplet befinner sig utstotarstingen 52 i ett stationart lage, sa att dess fria ande kan skjuta genom kokillen 15 aliteftersom kokillvagnen 12 fOrflyttas fram och tillbaka pd skenorna 11. En med kolv 68 forsedd cylinder 69 Sr fast pa stativdelen 10. KoIyens 10 yttre ande Sr forbunden med vagnens 12 undersida medelst en kopplingsanordning 70 for att under driften fOrflytta vagnen fram och tillbaka pa ralsen. In the example chosen, the ejector stem 52 is in a stationary position so that its free spirit can slide through the mold 15 as the mold carriage 12 is moved back and forth on the rails 11. A cylinder 69 provided with piston 68 is attached to the outer part of the frame 10. The connection is connected to the underside of the carriage 12 by means of a coupling device 70 for moving the carriage back and forth on the rails during operation.

I det foljande beskrivas operationsstegen enligt foreliggande uppfinnin.g med hanvisfling till fig. 4-8, vilka schematiskt askadliggora de olika operationsstegen och lkgena for de olika delarna i varje operationssteg. I det forsta steget paborjas rotationen av kokillen genom inkoppling av motorn 18. Sprutmunstyckena 67 form fram, sa att de skjuta fOrbi rorets 55 ande och komma till ett frilagt 'age. Under [idea har skanken 42 fyllt ph med en lamplig mangd metallsmalta for gjutning av ett ror med forutbestamd vaggtjoalek och en ytterdiameter, som bestammes av kokillens 15 innerdiameter. En muffkarna 43 placeras i lage kring rannans 44 pip 45. Belaggning av, formytan med eldfast material utfores dayefter, allteftersom vagnen forflyttas i den med pilen i fig. 5 angivna riktningen, och fortsatter tills vagnen nfir det i fig. 6 visade laget. Sprutmunstyckena ha dd. passerat genom hela kokillen samtidigt som de sprutat pa formbelaggningen. Sprutningen avstannas darefter, och sprutmunstyckena dragas tillbaka till laget inuti i rOret 55. In the following, the operation steps according to the present invention are described with reference to Figs. 4-8, which schematically illustrate the different operation steps and the similarities for the different parts in each operation step. In the first step, the rotation of the mold is drilled by engaging the motor 18. The spray nozzles 67 form forward so that they push the spirit of the pre-tube 55 and come to an exposed age. Under [idea], the shank 42 has filled the pH with a suitable amount of metal malt for casting a rudder with predetermined rocking gear and an outer diameter, which is determined by the inner diameter of the mold 15. A sleeve core 43 is placed in a layer around the spout 44 of the pipe 44. Coating of the mold surface with refractory material is carried out one day later, as the carriage moves in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 5, and continues until the carriage reaches the layer shown in Fig. 6. The spray nozzles have dd. passed through the entire mold while spraying on the mold coating. The spraying is then stopped, and the spray nozzles are retracted to the layer inside the tube 55.

Kokillens rotation avstannas, sa att muffkarnan. 43 kan inforas och fastgoras i kokillens mufformade ande. Gylinderns 38 kolv 34 trycks darefter i riktning mot kokillens raka cylindriska ankle, sa att delen 33 sinter kokillens motsvarande ande. The rotation of the mold stops, said the sleeve core. 43 can be inserted and fastened in the sleeve-shaped spirit of the mold. The piston 34 of the cylinder 38 is then pushed in the direction of the straight cylindrical ankle of the mold, so that the part 33 sinter the corresponding spirit of the mold.

Vid det i fig. 7 askadliggjorda operationssteget har kokillen ater bragts till rotation och vatten tillfores genom munstyckena 28 fiir kylspolning av kokillen. Skanken 42 tippas, och metaltsmaltan ingjutes genom rannan 44, varvid rannans pip skjuter in i kokillen genom muffkarnan 43 och slutar vid den inre anden av denna karna. Metallsmaltan fordelas Over kokillens hela langd under inverkan av centrifugalkraften. In the operation step outlined in Fig. 7, the mold has been brought back to rotation and water is supplied through the nozzles 28 for cooling flushing of the mold. The shank 42 is tipped, and the metal malt is poured through the gutter 44, the spout of the gutter projecting into the mold through the sleeve core 43 and ending at the inner spirit of this vessel. The metal malt is distributed over the entire length of the mold under the influence of the centrifugal force.

Kokillen roteras tills metallen steInat, sa att den formar bara sig spiv, varvid rotationen och vattenspolningen avstanna. Samtidigt Fires tillslutningsdelen 33 ur sitt med kokillen koaxiella lage. Darefter forflyttas kokillvagnen 12 i den med pilen i fig. 8 angivna riktningen. Utstotarringen 57 infores vid kokillens cylindriska ande och bringas till anliggning mot anden 71 hos det ror 72, som bildats I kokillen under gjutningen. Fortsatt forflyttning av vagnen till det i fig. 4 visade laget medfor att det gjutna roret skjutes hell ut ur 4-- -- kokillen °eh mottages saint avlagsnas med hjalp av ej visade anordningar. The mold is rotated until the metal steInat, so that it only forms spikes, whereby the rotation and water rinsing stop. At the same time Fires the closing part 33 out of its coaxial layer coaxial. Thereafter, the mold carriage 12 is moved in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 8. The ejector ring 57 is inserted at the cylindrical spirit of the mold and is brought into abutment against the spirit 71 of the tube 72 formed in the mold during casting. Continued movement of the carriage to the layer shown in Fig. 4 means that the cast tube is slid out of the 4-- - mold and is received and removed by means of devices not shown.

Vid den visade utforingsformen ar den med munstycken for belaggning av formytorna forfOrsedda stangen aven avsedd att anvandas for utstotning av det gjutna roret. Denna kombination är ej vasentlig vid forfaringssattet enligt uppfinningen, titan det viktiga bestar dari, att gjutroret kan uttagas med hjalp av en anordning, som hailer gjutroret stationart, sasom visas i fig. 8, tills kokillen forflyttas sa langt, att den är fri fran gjutr8- ret. Detta kan fiven astadkommas medelst ett flertal andra anordningar, vilka gripa tag i och halla fast gjutrorets mufformade ande samtidigt som kokillen drages av fran gjutroret. Dylika gripanordningar aro valkanda mom ifragavarande tekniska omrade. In the embodiment shown, the rod provided with nozzles for coating the mold surfaces is also intended to be used for ejecting the cast pipe. This combination is not essential in the process set according to the invention, titanium is the important element in that the casting tube can be removed by means of a device which holds the casting tube stationary, as shown in Fig. 8, until the mold is moved so far that it is free - ret. This can be achieved by means of a number of other devices, which grip and hold the sleeve-shaped spirit of the casting pipe at the same time as the mold is pulled off from the casting pipe. Such gripping devices are a choice in the technical field in question.

Sedan gjutroret dragits ut kan kokillen Ater roteras, fiirflyttas fram mot skankanordningen och forses med en ny helaggning pa formytorna. Den fran foregaende gjutning kvarvarande varmen är tillracklig for att torka den nya formbelaggningen, nfir sd erfordras. Kokillen maste uppvarmas pa lampligt satt fore paftfirandet av formbelaggningen vid bOrjan av gjutoperationerna. After the casting tube has been pulled out, the mold Ater can be rotated, moved forward towards the shank device and provided with a new full laying on the mold surfaces. The heat remaining from the previous casting is sufficient to dry the new mold coating, as required. The mold must be heated in the appropriate manner before the mold coating is applied at the beginning of the casting operations.

Genom det ovan beskrivna forfaringssattet erhalles ett fardigt gjutgods under en enda fram- och atergaende kokillrorelse, under det att hittills kanda gjutforfarandeu erfordra tva fram- och aterga.ende slag eller ett enda dylikt, varvid i sistnamnda fallet dock ytterligare anordningar maste finnas for utdragfling av gjutroret, vilka anordningar erfordra extra utrymme. Enligt uppfinningen elimineras salunda ett helt fram- och atergaende slag utan anvandande av en speciell utdragningsanordning. Dessutom mdjliggor sattet enligt uppfinningen att formen kan belaggas med ett material, som kan torkas, utan att man be-hover utfora ett extra slag med kokillen. Det är Even vasentligt att belaggningsmaterialet maste HEM-as medelst en stang, som infores i kokillen -vid kokillens cylindriska ande och som dessutom kan utnyttjas for att trycka ut det fardiggjutna rdret genom att anbringa en kraft i riktning mot den mufformade anden, dá kokillen forflyttas sa att stangen skjuter in I kokillen. Del Or vidare av betydelse vid denna operation, att ingjutningen är stationar och speciellt att metallsmaltan inffires vid kokillens mufformade ande samtidigt som kokillen roteras kring sin horisontella axel och halles stationar i axiell riktning. The above-described procedure provides a finished casting material during a single reciprocating mold movement, while hitherto known casting procedures may require two reciprocating strokes or a single such, in which case in the latter case additional devices must be provided for extraction of the casting tube, which devices require extra space. According to the invention, a completely reciprocating stroke is thus eliminated without the use of a special extraction device. In addition, the method according to the invention allows the mold to be coated with a material which can be dried without having to perform an extra blow with the mold. It is equally important that the coating material be forced home by means of a rod, which is inserted into the mold at the cylindrical spirit of the mold and which can also be used to push out the finished cast tube by applying a force towards the sleeve-shaped spirit, as the mold is moved. said that the rod shoots into the mold. Part Or further of importance in this operation, that the casting is stations and especially that the metal malt is introduced at the sleeve-shaped spirit of the mold at the same time as the mold is rotated about its horizontal axis and stations are inclined in the axial direction.

For att helt utnyttja fordelarna med gjutmetoden enligt uppfinningen Or det nodvandigt att hela metallsmaltan fOrdelas langs hela kokillens lfingd sâ snabbt som mojligt, varvid det Or sarskilt viktigt att detta sker innan nagon del av smaltan hinner stelna. For att astadkomma detta erfordras en riktig avvagning av smaltans temperatur, ingjutningstiden och kokillens rotationshastighet under ingjutningen. Nagra exakta gransvarden kunna icke fastlaggas for alla tankbara kombinationer och delta är ej heller nodvandigt, eftersom varje kombination i samband med andra variabler, sasom metallens sammansfittning, formbelaggningsmaterialets sarnmansattning och tjocklek, kokillens vaggtjocklek och det gjutna riirets langd och diameter, latt kunna bestammas genom experiment pa. samma salt som vid kanda gjutmetoder. Dessa berakningar underlattas i sjalva verket vid metoden enligt uppfinningen pa grund av att man eliminerat den manskliga felfaktor, som fdrekommer vid de tidigare kanda metoderna, vilka erfordra en bedomning av ingjutningens hastighet tangs kokillens langd. In order to fully utilize the advantages of the casting method according to the invention, it is necessary that the entire metal malt be distributed along the entire length of the mold as quickly as possible, it being particularly important that this takes place before any part of the melt has time to solidify. To achieve this, a proper balancing of the melt temperature, the casting time and the rotational speed of the mold during the casting is required. No exact spruce values can be determined for all conceivable combinations and delta is not necessary either, since each combination in connection with other variables, such as the metal fitting, the composition and thickness of the molding material, the rock wall thickness and the length and diameter of the cast tube, can be determined experimentally. pa. the same salt as with kanda casting methods. These calculations are in fact omitted in the method according to the invention due to the elimination of the human error factor which occurs in the prior art methods, which require an assessment of the speed of the casting in the length of the mold.

Claims

Patent claim:

Salt to cast metal tubes using a centrifugal force in a horizontal cylindrical mold, characterized in that a refractory mold coating is applied to the inside of the mold by means of a stationary, at its Linde with a nozzle provided rod, which is intended to pass through the mold at the same time as the mold rotated during its longitudinal movement in the direction away from said rod to a layer, for which narrow metal can be poured into the mold, that the longitudinal movement of the mold is stopped when the spirit of the mold passes the nozzle of the rod, that narrow metal is milled into the anterior linden of the mold at the same time as the mold is rotated to evenly distribute the metal malt along the inner surface of the mold with the aid of the centrifugal force, that the rotation of the mold is stopped dO. the metal malt has solidified, after which the mold Ewes hooks to its starting position in the longitudinal direction, whereby an ejection ring (57) on the rod (52) during this longitudinal return movement of the mold abuts against the end (71) of the cast pipe (72), so that the pipe (72) the continued movement of the mold is expelled from the mold through the spirit of the mold, where the metal malt is filled.

2. A kit according to claim 1, wherein the mold is cooled externally, characterized in that the spirit of the rod (52) from which the gluten coating is sprayed during the movement of the mold to its layer for filling the metal malt is brought into abutment against it. From the palylling spirit, water the spirit of the cast tube (72) and hold the tube stationary until the cast tube has been completely pushed out of the mold, after which the mold is returned to the layer where it is intended to be filled with metal malt.

Set according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a casting core (43) is applied in a layer in the filling end (24) of the mold, and that the closing device (26, 33) closes the opposite mold end before - - the mold is rotated and metal malt is filled in the mold through an opening in the said vessels.

4. A kit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that cooling water is sprayed on the mold, when the mold is stationary in the longitudinal direction and the metal malt is poured through one of the molds during the mold rotation, and that the mold rotation stops when the metal malt solidifies.

Device for carrying out the method specified in any of claims 1-4 for centrifugal casting of metal tubes in a horizontal, axially displaceable and rotatable cylindrical mold, characterized in that the filling end Sr of the mold is formed into a sleeve (24), that the mold opposite spirit Sr cylindrical and closable by means of an axially displaceable closure member (33) in this spirit, suitably in the form of a ring supported by a servo-maneuvered (38) arm and Sr by this movable coaxially with the mold saint laterally out of the mold. rorelsebana, and that a stational. rod (52) Sr arranged coaxially with the mold and Sr at its water-repellent spirit and provided with a nozzle (67) for spraying a refractory mold coating on the inside of the mold and a ejection ring (57) for ejecting the finished cast tube. Request publications: Patents from Sweden 140 607, 143 729; Germany 722 111.