SE179996C1 - - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to electrically controlled switching devices and in particular to such devices in which a magnetic field is used to effect the movement of a switching contact.

Electromagnetically controlled switches, commonly called relays, are widely used in telephone systems and in other halls. The simplest circuit connection between a pair of subscribers in such a telephone system requires a number of relays for the establishment and maintenance of the connection. The current relays meet the first requirement for switches, namely a large impedance ratio between the broken circuit and the closed circuit in a reliable, inexpensive device.

Developments Mom telephone technology is constantly moving towards faster operation. In the best case scenario, the minimum exposure time for general knowledge relays about a thousand times the duration of pulses, which control electron tubes and the solid state means in electronic telephone systems. It has long been attempted to find suitable replacements for relays such as switching devices due to the inability of the relays to achieve the operating speed required for them to be controlled by electronic signaling methods. However, such a replacement, which meets the above-mentioned initial requirements for a switch and which is as simple, stable and economical as a relay, has so far not been available.

On the other hand, it may be possible to use relays in electronic switching circuits by connecting elements which themselves are actuated by pulses at electronic speeds and which in turn control corresponding relays. This procedure, of course, makes the circuit more complex and expensive, thereby counteracting the spirit for which relays are used. What one wants to achieve is therefore a relay that brings the mechanical switching moment to become compatible with electronic control methods without complicating the conventional relay construction.

The present invention has for its object to provide an improved electrically controlled, mechanical switching device. Another object of the invention is to eliminate the incompatibility between relays and the switching signals supplied to the relays at electronic speeds. A further object of the invention is to provide a combination of elements, comprising an electromechanical switch, which is actuatable by fast electronic switching signals. Another object of the invention is to provide an economical and reliable electromechanical switch or relay which can be used as a longitudinal interconnecting means in the switching circuits of an electronic switching system. A further object of the invention is to provide an improved electromechanical switch or relay, which can suitably be used in a matrix-shaped arrangement, from which selection of the elements can take place by means of the working control means of the coordinates for different coordinates. Another object of the invention is to provide an improved electromechanical switch or a reel which is self-locking and which thereby eliminates the necessity of a holding current once the switch selection has been switched on.

In a special embodiment of the invention, a bistable remanent magnetic means which can be actuated by electronic speed pulses directly controls a magnetically actuatable switch. The magnetic wire switch should suitably comprise a sealed tongue switch of the candle type, which switch is provided with a pair of magnetically actuatable movable contacts, the magnetic member 2 - being composed of a material with two stable states of remanent magnetization. A closed river path is provided to the Indian switch and the bistable magnetic means by magnetically permeable means of a material with low reluctance.

Tongue switches of the type used in the present invention are described in detail in the article "Development of Reed Switches and Relays" by 0. M. Hovgaard et al., Volume 34, Bell System Technical Journal, p. 309 ff. Such a switch consists in principle of two flat tongues of magnetic material, which tongues are constructed like brackets from opposite spirits of a sealed gas oil. The tongues overlap each other, thereby creating the contacts of the switch, and they also act directly as relaunchers in dependence on the magnetic flux flowing through the tongues.

The material in the magnetic member has such a retentivity that said material remains substantially magnetized after a magnetizing field has been deposited. The direction and magnitude of the magnetization also depends on the direction and size of the magnetizing field, for which reason a plurality of stable states of remanent magnetization are exhibited by said material. The materials designated as ferrites have these properties and are therefore suitably used in particular embodiments of the present invention. It is common knowledge that the remanent magnetization state of a ferrite can be established by pulses of a magnitude of one microsecond second.

According to one aspect of an embodiment of the invention, the bistable remanent magnetic means comprises a pair of branches, which are separated by an elongate opening and which are formed by their corresponding spirits. This arrangement makes it possible for the state of remanent magnetization for the respective branches to be determined individually. According to the invention, the state of the two branches of remanent magnetization can thus be established in the same direction. As a result, in the spirits of the bistable magnetic member, magnetic poles of opposite polarity are formed, a current being driven through the outer magnetic circuit and closing the associated switch contacts. Alternatively, the state of remanent magnetization of the branches can be established in opposite directions, in which case an circulating flow is obtained between the magnetic means and the magnetic poles previously present in the spirits of the means are eliminated. Since in this case Intel external flow is supplied to the tongue switch, the tongue contacts are released.

Current conductors are arranged adjacent to the bistable magnetic means to control the individual state of the respective branches of remanent magnetization. In accordance with the invention, short current pulses in the said conductor generate a magnetizing field, so that a desired flow configuration for the means is established during a discrete time interval, which is considerably less than the operating time of the associated switches. The contacts of the switch are then affected during a subsequent discrete time interval by the state of the river, which corresponds to the upright state of remanent magnetization in the branches of the magnetic means. This state of the river is maintained until the second of subsequent current pulses. The operating time of the ferrite is so much less than the operating time of the associated switches that, if desired, the river state of the relay according to the invention can be reversed a number of times before the switching state is affected. This feature can, for example, be used to advantage to simplify the selection of certain relays in the flag of the groups of relays which may occur in a telephone system.

In a particular embodiment of the invention, the bistable remanent magnetic member comprises a ferrite plate with an elongate center opening which separates two branches of the plate. The hated spirits of the plate are concerned with magnetically permeable members connected to corresponding spirits of a tongue switch. The magnetically permeable means provide a low reluctance for magnetic node, whereby they direct the largest possible node to the switch when magnetic poles of opposite polarity are formed at the spirits of the plate. To form these magnetic poles Oro current conductors are arranged in a substantially perpendicular direction between the plate and the switch. For the removal or elimination of said magnetic poles, other current conductors are threaded through the opening in the plate on opposite sides of the switch.

In a second particular embodiment of the invention, the bistable remanent magnetic member consists of a pair of ferrite rods, which are connected to each other and to the associated tongue switch by corresponding spirits by magnetically permeable means. The current conductors for controlling the device's respective river configurations Oro are individually wound around the ferrite rods.

In another particular embodiment of the invention, two tongue switches are arranged in combination with a pair of ferrite rods in such a way that the switches are controlled together by means of the flood condition of the rods. The rods and switches Oro are fastened together by corresponding spirits by means of fixed members, which Oros are insulating and magnetically permeable. In this embodiment of the invention, these properties are achieved by means of a plastic binder, in which very fine particles of a magnetic material Oro suspended. The resulting mixture can be easily processed to produce solid organs, to which both the ferrite rods () and the connections of the tongue switches can be directly connected.

In the latter embodiment, the guide guides comprise a pair of windings, one of which is individually wound on a single ferrite rod and the other wound around the ferrite rods. This arrangement means that the device can suitably be made to operate on the basis of coincident coordinate control, which is particularly the case with large matrices of the type which are common in telephone switching systems. Such a control involves selecting a certain relay in the matrix by applying signals on current conductors for selected coordinates in the matrix, so that only with the relay connected to a new current conductor a sufficient magnetizing field is obtained for reversal of the remanent magnetization to be achieved.

A fourth embodiment of the invention comprises a single ferrite member with two windings, which are individually wound on separate longitudinal sections of said means. This ferrite means has such a length in relation to its extension laterally that said sections can be magnetized individually under the influence of the magnetic fields generated by the associated windings. Connections for a pair of magnetic tongue switches are connected to the corresponding radars of the ferrite rod by magnetically permeable clamps, which are designed to extend the magnetic circuit to points opposite the center of the rod. The magnetically permeable clamps create a web of low reluctance for magnetic flux and can consist of any, general edge material with high permeability.

Since the ferrite rod according to the present invention is individually magnetizable in sections, the state of the individual sections of remanent magnetization can be established in cooperating or counteracting polarity. Furthermore, the magnetic state of the rod can be reversed by applying a current signal to only one of the associated windings. If the rod sections are magnetized in the same direction, opposite magnetic poles are formed at the spirits of the rod. If such poles occur, a magnetic node is driven through the outer magnetic path including the tongue switches, closing their contacts. If the sections are magnetized in opposite directions, equal magnetic poles are obtained at the spirits of the rod. In this case, little or no flow is driven through the switches, releasing the switch contacts under the action of the same supporting, resilient resilient means. The release of the switch contacts is facilitated by a paint node which leaves the ferrite rod at its center. The connectors in the bhda tongue switches are controlled together. This embodiment of the invention thus enables control of two individual current paths by means of a single associated remanent magnetic means.

In a modification of the invention, in accordance with an aspect thereof, a laterally extending part is arranged at the center of the ferrite rod according to the above-mentioned embodiment in order to bring about an improvement of the operation of said embodiment of the invention. This modification provides a magnetic path with lower reluctance to what is otherwise offered by the lacquer flow, which leaves the ferrite rod at its center. The release of the switch contacts is thus increased.

In a fifth embodiment of the invention, a hollow cylinder of a ferrite material is connected by means of magnetically permeable means to the connections to a magnetic tongue switch. A switching coil is wound around the ferrite cylinder, while a release conductor is wound on the long axis of the Mugs cylinder to enable control of the relay by electronic current pulses.

The ferrite cylinder, which consists of a material with a plurality of stable states of remanent magnetization, can be brought to one of said states by means of current pulses of short duration in the switching winding. The thus obtained state of remanent magnetization gives at both ends of the cylinder magnetic poles of opposite polarity, which in turn give a magnetic node in the path through the tongue switch, whereby the switch contacts are closed during the normal operating time of the switch.

The switch contacts can be released by eliminating the magnetic poles at the cylinder spirits. This is done in accordance with an aspect of the invention by passing a current through the release conductor which is threaded axially through the cylinder. Such a current gives in the ferrite a state of magnetization, which clears the flow in the circular direction around the cylinder perpendicular to its axis in the stable through the switch. When the ferrite cylinder is in this state, the switch is thus released.

The various embodiments of the invention can be arranged so that they can be controlled by means of coincidental signals, by arranging bifilar windings on a general edge Ott and by driving each half of a selected switching means with half-amplitude signals. It is thus obvious that these means can be used in switching matrices, in which selection of a predetermined relay can be performed on the basis of coincident control of different coordinates, as described above.

According to a feature of the invention, a magnetic device consisting of a material with two stable states of remanent magnetization is combined with a magnetically ph.- actuated mechanical switch or a relay 4— - to enable the action of the switch of the magnetic floc. from one of the stable remanent states. Another sign of pa. The invention lies in the combination of a bistable, remanent magnetic means and a mechanically actuating switch or relay for enabling control of the switch by means of control pulses of shorter duration than the actuating time of the switch. Another feature of the invention lies in the combination of a magnetically actuable mechanical switch or a relay and a bistable, remanent magnetic member in a manner which enables repeated reversals of the flood condition of the bistable member before the condition of the switch is actuated. According to an Unnetecken pa. certain embodiments of the invention combine a mechanical switch or a fire and a bistable permanent mechanical member, consisting of two branches, pa. such that a configuration of the directionally directed magnetic flux in the had branches provides necessary magnetic poles for the action of the switch, while a configuration of the opposite magnetic flux in the respective branches does not give rise to external poles, for which the switch is released. Another characteristic of certain embodiments of the invention is that a plurality of current conductors are inductively connected to a bistable, remanent magnetic means, which in turn controls the contacts in an associated, magnetically actuatable switch, whereby the flow state of the bistable means can be controlled by coincidence. generated magnetizing field. According to a pitcher pa. an embodiment of the invention are magnetically permeable insulating duct plates connected to a plurality of magnetically payable switches and to an adjacent bistable remanent magnetic member which controls the can coupler contacts. According to a feature of another particular embodiment of the invention, a single stay of a magnetic material capable of assuming two stable states of remanent magnetization is combined with an electromechanical switching device on. such a salt, that the magnetizing state of individual parts of the magnetic rod form or eliminate external magnetic poles at the rod walls, whereby selective control of the air switch contacts takes place. According to another pitcher pa. this embodiment of the invention switches the magnetization state of a part of a ferrite rod, which is connected to an electromechanical switching means and which is provided with a plurality of separate windings, by means of a current pulse which is applied to only one winding, without affecting the magnetization state of the remaining part of the rod. whereby the condition of the switching contacts is different. Another sign of pa. this particular embodiment of the invention lies in the fact that a ferrite rod is connected to a plurality of magnetically actuable switches on. such salt that the establishment air special magnetization state in the ferrite controls the contact state in the switches. According to another sign of pa. This embodiment of the invention comprises magnetic paths with low reluctance arranged for the leaching river in a magnetic circuit, in which there is no magnetically actuatable switch but which contains the remanent magnetic means which control the switch. According to a description of another embodiment of the invention, an electromechanical relay is connected to an associated plurality of current-conducting conductors by means of current in either direction in one of the conductors and the same is energized by current in either direction in the other conductor. In the latter embodiment of the invention there is a sign that an electromechanical relay can be switched on depending on a river state established in the remanent magnetic means in the longitudinal direction and can be frayed in a dependent air a circular state of state established in the remanent magnetic means in the transverse direction. According to another embodiment of the invention, an electromechanical relay is combined with a remanent magnetic means, comprising a hollow cylinder, which can be installed in one of its states of remanent magnetization by means of a strain in a winding around the cylinder and in another state of remanent magnetization by means of strain in a conductor, which is threaded in the axial direction of the cylinder.

The invention is described in detail in the following with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which Figs. 1A and 1B schematically ash-different flow conditions in parts of the embodiments according to Figs. 2, 3 and 4. Figs. of the invention. Figs. 6A and 6B schematically show different river conditions for the embodiments shown in Figs. 5 and 7. Figs. 7 and 8 & illustrate two further embodiments of the invention and Fig. 9A. and 9B schematically show different river conditions for the embodiment according to Fig. 8.

Figs. 1A and 1B show a half-provided plate 1, which consists of a remanent magnetic material. The arrows 2 on opposite sides of the elongate tail or opening represent the direction of the magnetic flux in the plate 1. In Fig. 1A the arrows 2 are opposite, the Wiles being a flow configuration, in which the flow is directed in a circular or closed path in the plate 1. This condition produces no external magnetic poles at the spirits of the plate 1.

In Fig. 1B, the arrows 2, which indicate the individual state of magnetization of the branches on opposite sides of the elongate sea, have the same direction in relation to the longitudinal direction of the plate 1. This state of the river produces opposite magnetic poles at the other side of the plate 1 as shown, since no return tap for the river represented by the arrows 2 is arranged in the plate 1.

Fig. 2 shows a plate 1 with an elongated center opening. At the ends of the plate 1 a pair of magnetically permeable members 3 are arranged, which hold and partially enclose a tongue switch 4 with connections 5. Current conductors 6 and 7 are threaded between the switch 4 and the plate 1 and are bent around said plate. Current conductors 8 ° eh 9 run through the opening in the plate 1 and on opposite sides of the switch 4.

The tongue switch 4 is actuatable depending on the magnetic state of the plate 1. The contacts of the tongue switch are closed when flood is driven frail opposite magnetic poles at the spirits of the plate 1 and further through the magnetic permeable means 3 and the connections of the switch 5. Said contacts are released when no magnetic flux is passed through the means 3 and the connections 5 as a result of the elimination of the opposite magnetic poles at the spirits of the plate 1. The contacts of the switch 4 are thus turned off when the magnetic flux configuration shown in Fig. 1A is established and they are turned on when the configuration shown in Fig. 1B is established.

According to one aspect of the invention, the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 is controlled on the basis of coincidental or coincident currents. Part of the ferrite material used in the said embodiment has a substantially square hysteresis loop of the general cheek type. Magnetizing fields of lesser strength than the coercive force of ferrite cannot reverse the remanent magnetization of naninda ferrite materials. Coincidental switching pulses applied to a plurality of control windings can, however, give a combined magnetizing effect which exceeds the coercive force, whereby the remanent magnetization of the material is switched. In this embodiment, current pulses of predetermined amplitude are applied to the current conductors 6 and 7 or 8 and 9. The contacts of the switch 4 are closed only to control pulses of the same polarity at the same time the conductors 6 and 7 are supplied, in which case the river configuration shown in Fig. 1B is established. Similarly, the river configuration shown in Fig. 1A is established by means of current pulses of the same polarity simultaneously fed to the current conductors 8 and 9, whereby the contacts of the switch 4 are released. If a pulse is applied to only one of the respective conductors 6 and 7 or 8 and 9 or if pulses of opposite polarities are applied to said conductor, the radiating state of remanent magnetization of the branches on the opposite sides of the plate 1 is not affected. Once a certain river configuration selection has been established here, the control pulses can be interrupted. During its normal operating time, assume then the switch 4 gives the contact state which corresponds to the river configuration established in the plate 1. It will thus be readily appreciated that in accordance with one aspect of the invention, a device has been provided which makes the operation of an electromechanical switch compatible. the control methods of electronic switching technology.

Fig. 3 shows another embodiment of the invention, in which embodiment a pair of stayers 10 and 11 of a remanent magnetic material are fastened together with a pair of magnetically permeable clamps 12. Between the rods 10 and 11a "by means of the clamps 12 a tongue switch 4 with a The enclosed tongues 13 are fixedly attached to the connectors 5, the tongues overlapping each other to form a pair of contacts. and 17 are wound in a similar manner on rod 10.

State of remanent magnetization similar to the state of the branches in the plate 1 according to Fig. 2 shown in Figs. 1A and 1B can be individually established in the rods 10 and 11 in the embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 3. Switching the state of constant magnetization of one of the rods 10 and 11 requires that current pulses of a predetermined amplitude at the same time be applied to the coils wound on the shank in question. This arrangement allows the device to be controlled on the basis of coincidental currents on the same salt as the embodiment shown in Fig. 2.

The state of magnetization in the rods 10 and 11 of the device according to Fig. 3 can be established from the circuit in such a way that the river configuration corresponds to the configuration shown in Fig. 1A, by pulses of the same polarity being supplied to the current conductors 14, 15, 16 and 17. This flux configuration corresponds to the fringed state of the relay, since no opposite magnetic poles capable of driving current through the switch 4 are present at the terminals 12. The state of remanent magnetization of one of the rods 10 and 11 can then be reversed as described above to a state of the river similar to the state of the river shown in Fig. 1B is to be achieved, whereby at the spirits of the device opposite magnetic poles are formed, which drive a magnetic current through the switch 4, whereby the contacts of the tongues 13 are closed. These contacts can be released by switching the state of residual magnetization in either of the rods 10 and 11 in the manner described above, so that a magnetic flux configuration similar to the configuration shown in Fig. 1A is obtained.

Once the initial state of remanent magnetization in the rods 10 and 11 has been established, complete control of the device can obviously be realized by applying pulses to only one of the rods. For example, the state of remanent magnetization of the rod 10 may remain unchanged, while the magnetization state of the rod 11 is switched forward and downward, thereby switching on and off the switch 4.

Although control of the embodiment shown in Fig. 3 is described on the basis of co-identical currents, this means that such control is necessary. Associated individual windings, for example 16 and 17, can suitably be connected in series, whereby they in seven diva work constitute a single winding on the stayer! 10, which winding can control the state of remanent magnetization of the rod 10.

Furthermore, if desired, the respective opposite control windings can be connected in series so that co-identical tight control of both rods 10 and 11 can be achieved by applying only a pair of control pulses. The winding 14 can thus be connected in series with the winding 16, while the winding 15 can be connected in series with the winding 17. The person skilled in the art should also be able to find other devices for the respective guide windings within the scope of the invention.

Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of the invention, in which embodiment two tongue switches can be controlled in a single device. In Fig. 4 a pair of ferrite rods 20 and 21 are shown arranged between a pair of discs 22 and 23. Two tongue switches 24 with individual connections 25, which extend through the discs 22 and 23, are similarly arranged between the discs 22 and 23 next to the rods 20. 21. A winding 26 surrounds both rods 20 and 21 together. A winding 27 is shown wound around only the rod 21.

This particular embodiment of the invention is arranged to close the switches 24 by co-driving and to release them through shores in a single winding. In order to prepare the device for operation, a large "indentation" current is supplied to the winding 26 from the beginning. 24 are turned on. Once the device has been prepared in this way, the state of remanent magnetization of the rod 20 remains unaffected by future operations.

In normal operation, the switches 24 in the embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 4 are fringed by a current for the winding 27, which carried such a direction and magnitude that the remanent magnetization in the rod 21 is reversed. This meant that in the device a river state of the same type as the configuration shown in Fig. 1A is established, the river having the opposite direction in the had rods 20 and 21 and circulating between the rods via the discs 22 and 23 and thereby effectively passing the switches 24.

The switch contacts are closed by means of coincident drive drums, which are supplied to the windings 26 and 27 simultaneously. None of these currents were of sufficient size to reverse the magnetization of the rod 21, but the magnetizing field from the had coincident currents together reverses the magnetization state, thereby returning the river configuration to a configuration similar to that shown in Fig. 1B and turning on the switches 24. Since the current in the winding 26, which surrounds the rods 20 and 21, provides a magnetizing field with the same direction as the state of remanent magnetization radiating in the rod 20, the only effect on the rod 20 is that it is driven to further matting.

A particular advantage of this embodiment according to the invention can be gained by the device being able to be adapted for operation with identical coordinates. A plurality of such devices can be assembled into a matrix in a switching night. The windings 26 for the relays in a given column can be arranged in series as a vertical guide. The windings 27 for the relays in the same row can be connected in series as a horizontal guide conductor. In order for the benefit provided by this particular feature of the invention to be gained, a selected raid may be made. in the matrix is driven by driving drums palaggas the horizontal oat vertical guide conductors to the selected relict. As a result, only the relay in question will be turned on, while the condition of the other relays in the matrix will remain unaffected.

In Fig. 5, which shows another embodiment of the invention, there is a stay 31 of a material with two stable states of remanent magnetization, which material may suitably be a ferrite, shown with separate windings 32 and 33, coated at different parts of the rod. long distance. A pair of tongue switches 34 are provided by bar means 35 connecting the switch terminals 36 to corresponding spirits of the rod 31 arranged along the rod 31 and on opposite sides thereof. from each other. Bar organs 35 exist. of a magnetically permeable material in order for the magnetic flux to have a path of low reluctance.

The tongue switches 34 are turned on in dependence on a magnetic flux through the same magnetic poles opposite, which are formed at the spirits of the ferrite rod at a certain magnetizing state of the rod. If such magnetic poles do not exist, the flock is driven through the switches 34, the contacts being disconnected.

The rod 31 is so long in relation to its lateral dimensions that magnetization of only one of the windings 32 and 33 does not affect the state of remanent magnetization in the part of the rod 31 enclosed by the other winding. bend around the sides of the device so that a path of low reluctance is provided for lacquer flow which enters at or laminar the center of the rod 31. The said stay thus constitutes in fact two separate magnets arranged with the spirits against each other, which are individually controlled by the associated windings 32 and 33.

This effect is further enhanced by a modification of the described device shown in Fig. 7, whereby corresponding designations have been assigned to corresponding parts of the figure. Fig. 7 shows a horizontal view of Fig. 5 modified in accordance with an aspect of the invention. The difference between the devices in the hated figures lies in the shape of the rod 31. In Fig. 7 the rod 31 is shown with lateral projections 39 at its center. This implementation results in a reduction in the reluctance of the lacquer flow paths which occur when the device is in the disassembled state, whereby reversal of the state of remanent magnetization in only one part of the rod by activation of a single winding is facilitated.

Fig. 6A represents a magnetic state of the rod 31, wherein the states of remanent magnetization, corn present in adjacent parts of the rod and aro represented by the arrows 37, are drawn in the same direction. The 31 bftda sections of the slave magnetically reinforce each other and give external magnetic poles yid the rods as shown. With the respective magnetization states shown, a node Iran drives the outer magnetic poles on the rod 31 and through the magnetically permeable terminals 35 and the switches 34, closing the switch contacts. Since the oni couplers 34 are located in parallel magnetic circuits on opposite sides of the rod 31, they will be connected together. Fig. 6B shows the rod 31 with the magnetization states of the respective sections of the rod 37 represented by the arrows 37 facing each other. In this case, the magnetic poles yid the spirits 31 of the rod have the same polarity. The magnetization configuration shown in Fig. 6B thus causes the contacts of the switches 34 to be released, since on said contacts equal magnetic poles are induced, thus repelling each other.

According to the present invention, a multiple contact fire is thus provided, which is operable in dependence on electronic pulses. It should be noted that the pair of switches 34 shown in Fig. 5 are arranged in the plane containing the rod 31. Additional pairs of switches may be added to the device in the second plane through the rod 31 to increase the number of contacts controlled by said stay.

In addition, it should be noted that the present invention can be controlled on the basis of coincidental streams of the salt described above. In that case, the windings 32 and 33 are replaced with each winding pair, the magnitude of the switching pulses on these windings being adjusted so that the magnetizing field generated by a single winding is insufficient to reverse the remanent magnetization of the associated part of the rod 31, but that the combined magnetizing field Iran two windings Or sufficient to switch the remanent magnetization in the associated part. On this salt, selection of a certain relay in a matrix can take place by coincidental operation.

In both cases, the invention can further be controlled by selecting the state of remanent magnetization of only a part of the ferrite rod 31. The state of remanent magnetization of the other part of the ferrite rod can be installed from the beginning. Thereafter, the associated switches can be turned on and off by arranging the remanent magnetization of one part so that it participates resp. counteracts the radiating magnetization in the second part, since the latter joke is affected by reversals of the former in accordance with the present invention.

In Fig. 8, the corn shows a further embodiment of the invention. type, which is used for cores for magnetic memories. Another strain conductor 47 is shown longitudinally threaded through the cylinder 41. A magnetic tongue switch 42 is supported by opposite spirits of the cylinder 41 by a pair of magnetically permeable members and its opposite connections 43 and 44 are connected to opposite spirits of said cylinder. Between the spirits of the cylinder 41 there is thus an external magnetically conductive path for directing magnetic flux from the cylinder to the switch 42. This switch, which can be actuated in dependence on a magnetic flux, is applied when opposite magnetic poles are formed at the respective the spirits of the cylinder 41. On the corresponding salt, the contacts of the switch 42 are released as the magnetic poles at the spirits of the cylinder 41 are eliminated.

During operation of the device according to this embodiment, the state of the contacts of the switch 42 is controlled by the magnetization state of the cylinder 41. This in turn is controlled by direct currents through the respective conductors 46 and 47. Magnetic poles can be formed, for example, at the spirits of the cylinder 41 by driving a current through the conductor 46. The cylinder 41 remains in the magnetizing state in which it is installed by the current pulse on the winding 46. This magnetization state is schematically represented in Fig. 9A, showing arrows 40, which represent a magnetic flux directed in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder 11. For the direction of the river shown, a magnetic north pole is formed at the upper end of the cylinder 41 and a magnetic south pole at its lower end. In the device shown in Fig. 8, the switch 42 engages in the return path of the river. The contacts of the switch 42 are closed by means of a magnetic flux from the poles at the ends of the cylinder 41. The winding direction of the conductor 46 and the polarity of the current in the same current are irrelevant in the operation of this embodiment according to an aspect of the invention, since the contacts of the switch 42 are actuatable due to a magnetic flux in the two directions.

A current pulse applied to the conductor 47, which may have any polarity, produces a circular excitation in the cylinder 4L. some external poles at the spirits of the cylinder, in which the whole magnetic flux lies within the cylinder itself. As a result, no magnetic flux is obtained along the current path through the switch 42, so that the contacts of the switch 42 return to the fringe layer low under the influence of the resiliently resilient bar members provided in the housing of the switch. As before, the current in the conductor 47 can flow in any direction if the switches 42 of the switch are to be frayed, since the direction of the circular flow shown in Fig. 9B is irrelevant.

According to one aspect of the invention, the embodiment shown in Fig. 8 is actuatable by control pulses of arbitrary polarity in the respective windings 46 and 47. However, the switch 42 does not change its contact state for repeated pulses on any of the windings 46 and 47, above. if their polarity is reversed, because each node reversal through the switch 42 occurs so fast that the contact state is not affected. Change of the contact state can only take place depending on a pulse which Or supplies an alternative winding 46 or 47 in relation to the winding to which it. previously the pulse was carried. In this way, the advantage of greater freedom of control is gained.

As already described with respect to other embodiments of the invention, the device shown in Fig. 8 can be modified for incident coordinate control by replacing bipolar current conductors 46 and 47 and by controlling pulses of half the amplitude required to switch the magnetization state of the cylinder. 41 is added. Such a device set allows it to be advantageous to use a plurality of the devices in question in coordinate assemblies and to let the devices be selected on a coordinate basis.

According to the present invention, there is thus obviously provided an electromechanical relay which exhibits the desired properties of a mechanical contact pair in a construction which can be controlled by pulses of such short duration that their use has hitherto been limited to controlling purely electronic means. Furthermore, since the exposure time of the mechanical switch contacts is much longer than the exposure time of the magnetically remanent elements used in the present invention, it is also possible to quickly reverse the magnetization state of said elements a number of times before the contact state is affected. This feature can be used in telephone switching nights and in information storage circuits, to which the invention can be advantageously applied.

The invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and shown in the drawing, but these are only examples of the invention and its application.

Claims (13)

Patent claim: Electrical switching device comprising a magnetic means and a first and a second electrical contact means, which Oro are actuatable in dependence on a magnetic flux between them and Oro connected to the magnetic means, can & ray, that a part of the magnetic means Or is arranged to be switched between a first and a second state of remanent magnetic flux, that said part of the magnetic means Or is designed so that a first closed river loop including the Rasta and other electrical contact means is obtained when the Rasta state of remanent magnetic flux induces said part of the magnetic means, that said part of the magnetic organ Or so designed, that a. second, closed river loop, which does not include the first and second electrical contact means, is obtained when the second state of remanent magnetic surface is induced in nanoid part of the magnetic means, that a first winding means Or coupled to said part of the magnetic means on such sail, that this Rasta winding means, when magnetized, induces the first state of the river in the first closed river loop, and that a second winding means Or connected to said part of the magnetic means in such a way that this second winding means, when magnetized, switches said part of the magnetic means from the first state of remanent surface to the second state of remanent flow, whereby a current is transferred from the path including the first and second electrical contact means to the second closed river loop. Switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetic member comprises a plate (1) provided with an opening. 2. A switching device according to claim 2, characterized in that the first winding means (6, 7) extends between the plate (1) and the first and second electrical contact means (4) and that the second winding means (8, 9) is entered through the opening in the plate (1). 3. A switching device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the first and second winding means comprise a plurality of wires for establishing coincident magnetic fields (6-9; 14-16; 26, 27, 32, 33; 46, 47). . A switching device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the magnetic means comprises a pair of rods (20-21), which are arranged to be connected to the spirits by means (22, 23) with magnetic permeability. Switching device according to claim 5, characterized in that the first winding means (26) is inductively connected to both rods (20, 21) and that the second winding means (27) is inductively connected to one of the rods (21). Switching device according to claim 5, characterized in that the means (22, 23) with magnetic permeability, which connect the spirits of the rods (20, 21), comprise an insulating material in which particles with magnetic permeability are suspended. 7. A switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetic means comprises a single stay (31), which Si is inductively magnetizable in certain parts in its longitudinal direction. Switching device according to claim 8, characterized in that the first and second winding means (32, 33) are inductively wound around the designated parts of the rod (31). Switching device according to claim 9, characterized in that the Orsta and other electrical contact means (34) are connected to the rod (31) by means of a means (35) with magnetic permeability, this means overlapping the side of the first rods covered away from the rod. and other electrical contact means. Switching device according to claim 8, characterized in that the magnetic member between its spirits comprises a lateral projection (39). Switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetic means comprises a hollow cylinder (41). Switching device according to claim 12, characterized in that the first winding means (46) is inductively coupled to the cylinder (41), a magnetic node being moved in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder (41). Switching device according to claim 13, characterized in that the second winding means (47) is funnel through the hollow cylinder (41). Request Publication.er: Patents frcin. Germany. 1 068 813.