SE179309C1

SE179309C1 -

Info

Publication number: SE179309C1
Authority: SE
Publication date: 1962-01-01

Description

Uppfinnare: R Kvapil och J Simane Prioritet begard treat den 13 februari 1959 (Tjechoslovcdcien) Foreliggande uppfinning avser en. med en byre och en undre kammare forsedd apparat for provning av jord- och stenprover, vilka i apparatens byre kammare utsattas for ett allsidigt tryck medelst ett tryckmedium, som tillfores en i apparaten ingaende ovre kammare och dar utovar ett pa provets sidoytor verkande tryck, medan ett ph provet verkande axiellt tryck astadkommes medelst en mekanisni i den undre kammaren. Inventors: R Kvapil and J Simane Priority begard treat on February 13, 1959 (Czechoslovakia) The present invention relates to a. apparatus for testing soil and rock samples provided with a burial and a lower chamber, which are subjected to a versatile pressure in the burial chamber of the apparatus by means of a pressure medium which is supplied to an upper chamber entering the apparatus and exerts a pressure acting on the side surfaces of the sample, an axial pressure acting on a pH test is achieved by means of a mechanism in the lower chamber.

Vid hittills anvanda apparater f5r allsidig tryckprovning av jord- och stenprover Sr den anordning, som anvands for att utsatta pro-vet for en axial tryckbelastning, belagen utanfor en tryckcylinder, som innehaller provet. Ett tryckmedium, som tillf8rs till denna cylinder, utOvar ett tryck. (yttryck) pa provets sidoytor under det att provets bottenyta utsatts for en axiell tryckbelastning medelst en. holy, vilken utifran bringas att rora sig in i tryckcylindern. Anvandningen av en. sadan apparat Sr forenad med avsevarda svarigheter, beroende pa lackage runt den kolv, som utifran fors in i cylindern for att utsatta pro-vet fOr en axiell tryckbelastning. Dessa svarigheter upptrada speciellt viii anvandning av hoga tryck. A andra sidan minskar tryckcylinderns volym, da kolven fors in i cylindern, varfor yttrycket pa provet stiger. Det Sr darfor omojligt att exakt uppratthalla ett fdreskrivet forhallande mellan axialbelastning och yttryck. Provningsresultaten forvrangas till foljd darav, sá att en jamforelse mellan dem forsvaras. In apparatus used hitherto for versatile pressure testing of soil and rock samples, the device used to subject the samples to an axial compressive load is coated outside a pressure cylinder containing the sample. A pressure medium supplied to this cylinder exerts a pressure. (surface pressure) on the side surfaces of the sample while the bottom surface of the sample is subjected to an axial compressive load by means of a. holy, which from the outside is brought to move into the printing cylinder. The use of a. such apparatus is associated with considerable similarities, depending on the leakage around the piston, which is inserted into the cylinder from the outside to subject the samples to an axial compressive load. These similarities occurred especially viii use of high pressure. On the other hand, the volume of the pressure cylinder decreases as the piston is inserted into the cylinder, causing the surface pressure of the sample to rise. It is therefore impossible to accurately maintain a prescribed ratio between axial load and surface pressure. The test results are distorted as a result, so that a comparison between them is defended.

Yid en apparat for allsidig tryckprovning enligt foreliggande uppfinning forefinnas joke de namnda nackdelarna, ty en dylik apparat mojliggor en mycket enkel installning av ytsidotrycket och att halla detta pS en exakt och konstant niva. Vidare Sr det majligt att exakt stalla in forhallandet Indian axialtryck och sidotryck oeh detta forhallan de kan efter onskan andras eller exakt uppralthallas under provningen. In a device for versatile pressure testing according to the present invention, there are joke the mentioned disadvantages, for such a device enables a very simple installation of the surface pressure and to keep it at an accurate and constant level. Furthermore, it is possible to accurately set the ratio Indian axial pressure and lateral pressure and this ratio they can, if desired, be changed or exactly maintained during the test.

Apparaten enligt f5religgande uppfinning kannetecknas darav att den ovre kammaren som upptar provet och den undre kammaren, som innehaller mekanismen kommunicera genom atminstone en passage fritt med varandra medelst ett eller flera hal, sä att tryckandring i den 8vre kammaren forhindras till foljd av fortrangningsverkan i samband med att provet utsattes for det axiella trycket. En fordel med uppfinningen Sr att mekanismen som utovar det axiella trycket är belagen i ett utrymmc dar samma tryck rSder, som trycket far vilket provet utsattes. The apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that the upper chamber receiving the sample and the lower chamber containing the mechanism communicate by at least one passage freely with each other by one or more slides, so that pressure change in the upper chamber is prevented due to displacement in connection with that the sample was subjected to the axial pressure. An advantage of the invention is that the mechanism which exerts the axial pressure is located in a space where the same pressure is as the pressure to which the sample is subjected.

Ett utforingsexempel av uppfinningen beskrives i det folj ande under hanvisning till den bifogade ritningen, van i fig. 1 schematiskt visar ett axialsnitt genom en apparat enligt uppfinningen och fig. 2 visar ett snitt langs linjen B—B i fig. 1. An embodiment of the invention is described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawing, which in Fig. 1 schematically shows an axial section through an apparatus according to the invention and Fig. 2 shows a section along the line B-B in Fig. 1.

Den i figurerna -visade apparaten innef attar en undre tryckkammare 3, tillverkad av ett icke magnetiskt material, vilken kammare har cylindrisk form. Medelst en kran g kan en red.- ledning tillslutas, genom vilken ett tryckmedium kan tillforas till kammaren 3. Over den forutnamnda undre tryckkammaren 3 Sr en ovre tryckkammare 11 anordnad, vilken innehailer provet 12 och Sr f8rsedd med en avluftningsventil 17. Kammaren 11 Sr medelst skruvar ldsbart fast pa kammaren 3 och en kopparpackning eller dylikt Sr insatt i kontaktytan radian kamrarna. Genom en kanal 10 i den undre kammarens 3 lock kan tryckmedium stromma fran den. undre kammaren till den Ovre. Den undre tryckkammaren innehailer en skiva 5, tillverkad av ett icke magnetiskt material, i vilken skiva en stavmagnet 4 Sr diametralt insatt. Skivan 5 Sr lagrad for rotation kring en vertikal rotationsaxel i lager 7 och 8, vilka fixera skivan 5 1 ett bestamt lage 2— — i axiell riktning. Vid omvridning av skivan 5 bringas en ovridbar skruv 6 att rora sig uppat eller nedat. Skruven 6 loper i gangor i ski-vans 5 nay. Tryckkamrama uppbaras av ett stativ 14. I ett lager 13, som uppbars av delta stativ, fir en icke magnetisk barring 2 roterbart lagrad. Vid barringen 2 fir en. magnet 1 fastad. Denna magnets polskor 16 aro belagna mittfor magnetens 4 poler. The apparatus shown in the figures comprises a lower pressure chamber 3, made of a non-magnetic material, which chamber has a cylindrical shape. By means of a crane g an editorial line can be closed, through which a pressure medium can be supplied to the chamber 3. An upper pressure chamber 11 is arranged above the aforesaid lower pressure chamber 3, which contains the sample 12 and Sr provided with a vent valve 17. The chamber 11 Sr by means of screws securely fastened to the chamber 3 and a copper gasket or the like Sr inserted in the contact surface radian the chambers. Through a channel 10 in the lid of the lower chamber 3, pressure medium can flow from it. lower chamber of the Upper. The lower pressure chamber contains a disc 5, made of a non-magnetic material, in which disc a rod magnet 4 is diametrically inserted. The disc 5 is mounted for rotation about a vertical axis of rotation in bearings 7 and 8, which fix the disc 5 in a certain bearing 2 in the axial direction. When turning the disc 5, an unscrewable screw 6 is caused to move up or down. Screw 6 runs in gangor in ski-vans 5 nay. The pressure chambers are supported by a stand 14. In a bearing 13, which is supported by delta stands, a non-magnetic barring 2 is rotatably mounted. At the barring 2 fir one. magnet 1 fastened. The pole shoes 16 of this magnet are coated opposite the 4 poles of the magnet.

Vid vridning av magneten 1 kring dennas vertikala axel vrides aven skivan 5 till foljd av aLt stavmagneten 4 medbringas av magneten 1. Vid vridning av skivan 5 rar sig skruven 6 uppat eller nedat, beroende pa. rotationsriktningen. Skruven 6 intranger i den ovre tryckkammaren 11 och utovar ett axialtryck pa provet 12, da den ror sig ut ur kammaren 3. Genom kranen 9 med tillhorande rorledning tillfOres ett tryckmedium till kammaren 3, som darifran genom kanalen 10 intranger i tryckkammaren 11 och utsatter provet for tryck. When rotating the magnet 1 about its vertical axis, the disc 5 is also rotated as a result of all the rod magnet 4 being carried by the magnet 1. When rotating the disc 5, the screw 6 moves up or down, depending on. the direction of rotation. The screw 6 penetrates the upper pressure chamber 11 and exerts an axial pressure on the sample 12, as it moves out of the chamber 3. A pressure medium is supplied to the chamber 3 through the tap 9 with the associated pipeline, which from there penetrates the pressure chamber 11 through the channel 10 and exposes the sample for pressure.

Medan tryekkamrarna fyllas utslappes den instangda luften genom avluftningsventilen 16 som darefter stanges. Tryckskillnader mellan de tva. tryclikamrarna utjamnas genom kanalen 10, varf Or skruven 6, da denna intranger i tryckkammaren 11, lake paverkar stabiliteten has trycket i denna kammare. Till MIA av att den Ovre tryckkammaren 11 ar lastagbar Or det latt att anbringa provet i silt korrekta lage i apparaten, vilket underlattar och paskyndar provningsarbetet. While the pressure chambers are being filled, the trapped air is released through the vent valve 16 which is then closed. Pressure differences between the two. the pressure chambers are equalized through the channel 10, where the screw 6, as it penetrates the pressure chamber 11, affects the stability of the pressure in this chamber. To the MIA because the upper pressure chamber 11 is loadable or it is easy to apply the sample in the silt correct position in the apparatus, which facilitates and speeds up the test work.

Naturligtvis kunna apparatens olika delar modifieras ph olika satt utan att uppfinningstanken darf Or frangas. Om exempelvis ett starre axialtryck pa provet fordras, kan man anordna en reduktionsvaxel mellan skivan 5 och den ovridbara skruven 6. De tva. tryckkamrarna skulle kunna vara sammanfogade sa, att de bilda en enda del, och magneten 4 skulle kmum utbytas mot na.got ferromagnetiskt material etc. Of course, the different parts of the apparatus can be modified in different ways without the idea of invention having to be rejected. If, for example, a greater axial pressure on the sample is required, a reduction shaft can be arranged between the disc 5 and the non-rotatable screw 6. The two. the pressure chambers could be joined together so that they form a single part, and the magnet 4 would be exchanged for some ferromagnetic material, etc.

Claims

Patent claim:

An apparatus equipped with an upper and a lower gun for testing soil and rock samples, which in the upper chamber of the apparatus are subjected to a versatile pressure by means of a pressure medium which is supplied to an upper chamber entering the apparatus and there exerts a side-acting pressure, while an axial pressure acting on the sample is provided by a mechanism in the lower chamber, characterized in that the upper chamber (11) receiving the sample (12) and the lower chamber (3) containing the mechanism (6) communicate freely with each other by means of one or more slides (10), so that a change in pressure in the upper chamber (11) is prevented as a result of the displacing action in the saraband with the sample being exposed to the axial pressure.

Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanism, by means of which the sample can be subjected to an axial compressive load, comprises a magnetic core (4), over which an axially displaceable screw (6) is actuatable by a rotatable magnet (1 ), as Or coated outside the lower chamber (3). Request publications: