SE177336C1

SE177336C1 -

Info

Publication number: SE177336C1
Authority: SE
Publication date: 1961-01-01

Description

Uppfinnare: S M J Olsson och W V Martinson Foreliggande uppfinning hanfor sig till rarliga elektrodhallare, sarskilt for ,stora elektroder, .sadana som anvandas vid ljusbagssmaltugnar. Inventors: S M J Olsson and W V Martinson The present invention relates to rare electrode holders, especially for large electrodes, such as those used in light bag smelting furnaces.

Sadana elektroder aro ibland flier an 120 cm i diameter och f5ra mycket stor strom. Under driften matas ,dylika elektroder ned i ugnen, allteftersom dc forbrukas eller branrias ned. Da .elektroden ,salunda forskjutes nedat, narmar sig ,elektrodhallaren chargen och .maste ,darfor lyftas upp och bringas till grepp om .elektroden i nytt lage for aLL .denna -vid behov skall kunna matas ned igen. Such electrodes are sometimes more than 120 cm in diameter and carry very large currents. During operation, such electrodes are fed into the furnace, as dc is consumed or branrias down. When the .electrode, salunda is displaced downwards, approaches, the electrode holder charge and .maste, therefore it is lifted up and brought to grip on the .electrode in a new position for ALL .this - if necessary - can be fed down again.

Pa grund ,av den stora arbetsstrom, 'som forekommer, är det synnerligen onskvart 'att konstruera en elektrodhallare, .som omgriper elektro den kraftigt over en relativt stor yta och som utovar ett likformigt kontakttryck kring elektroden for •att till etlt minimum begransa forlusterna till fOljd av overgangsmotstand och sakerstalla en over namnda kontaktyta jamnt fordelad ,strombelastning for aft darigenom forhindra lokal Overbettning .av kontaktytorna. Del ãr pa. grund ,av de .stora krafter, som erfordras for manovrering och reglering av stora elektroder onskvart 'eller nodvandigt aft manovrera dessa maskinellt och .att 'skota .elektrodregleringen fran ett stalle belaget utanfor ugnen, .emedan den hoga temperaturen omedelbart Over ugnen gOr det svart for personalen aft arbeta dlr. I andamal att astadkomma eft likformigt kontakttryck, maste hallaren ha formaga att unpass:a ,sig efter oregelbundenheter i elektrodens form, och detta astadkommes genom att ,anvanda flera pa eftergivande satt anordnade Idambackar och att utova lika stor klamkraft pa varj e klamback. Due to the large operating current which occurs, it is extremely difficult to construct an electrode holder which grips the electrode strongly over a relatively large surface area and which exerts a uniform contact pressure around the electrode in order to at least limit the losses to As a result of the transition resistance and securing a uniformly distributed distribution over the said contact surface, current load is thereby prevented by local overbetting of the contact surfaces. Del ãr pa. due to the large forces required for maneuvering and regulating large electrodes, or necessary to maneuver them mechanically and to shoot the electrode control from a stable located outside the furnace, while the high temperature immediately over the furnace turns black. for staff aft work dlr. In order to achieve uniform contact pressure, the holder must be able to adapt itself to irregularities in the shape of the electrode, and this is achieved by using several Idambacks arranged in a resilient manner and exerting the same amount of clamping force on each clamping tray.

Foreliggande uppfinning bar fEdjande andamal: (a) att astadkomma en ,elektrodhallare, som utan svarighet Or manOvrer- och reglerbar frail ,ett stalk belaget utanfor ugnen; (13) att astadkomma en ,elektrodhallare, som automatiskt anpassar sig refter oregelbundenheter i elektrodens form for Eaft sakerstalla, att strOmbelastningen fordelas jamnt Over ovann:amnda kOntaktyta, varigenom lokal overhettning av kontaktytorna forhindras; att astadkomma en hallare, som, trots att den manovreras maskinellt och är anordnad att utova en a.vsevard klamkraft, icke skadar elektroden; [att avskarma regleringsanordningens melianiska delar fran den hOga ugnstemperaturen och darigenom sakerstalla effektivast mojliga arbetssatt. The present invention had the following objects: (a) to provide an, electrode holder, which without responsibility or maneuverable and adjustable frail, a stalk coated outside the furnace; (13) to provide an electrode holder which automatically adapts to irregularities in the shape of the electrode to ensure that the current load is distributed evenly over the above contact surface, thereby preventing local overheating of the contact surfaces; to provide a holder which, despite being mechanically maneuvered and arranged to exert a considerable clamping force, does not damage the electrode; [to shield the melianic parts of the control device from the high oven temperature and thereby ensure the most efficient possible operation.

En .elektrodhallare enligt uppfinningen utgores air ett flertal bagformiga, elektriskt ledande klambackar, .av vilka var och en Or anordnad att ansattas mot en elektrods utsida genom forskjutning air en med densamma forbunden kilyta relativt ,ett darmed samverkande kilorgan, varvid dessa kilorgan aro begransat rorliga tillsammans med kilytorna och aro sammankopplade i grupper om minst tva pa sadant satt, ,att varje .av en kilyta salunda medbringat kilorgan Oven Or motriktad rorelse till .ett .eller Hera andra kilorgan. An electrode holder according to the invention consists of a plurality of bag-shaped, electrically conductive clamping jaws, each of which is arranged to be mounted against the outside of an electrode by displacement of a wedge surface connected thereto relative to it, a wedge member cooperating therewith, these wedge members being limitedly movable. together with the wedge surfaces and are interconnected in groups of at least two in such a way that each of a wedge surface has thus brought wedge members above or opposite movement to one or other wedge members.

En ,som .exempel vald utforingsform av uppfinningen skall nu beskrivas i anslutning till bifogade ritningar. Pa dessa visar fig. 1 ett snitt langs linjen 1-1 i fig. 4. Fig. 2 visar den nedre delen.av en elektrod jamte elektrodhallare i snitt langs linjen 2-2 i fig. 4. Fig. 3 visar ett snitt langs linjen 3-3 i fig. 1. Fig. 4 visar .ett sniff langs linjen 4-4 i fig. 1. Fig. visar ett snitt Mugs linjen 5 i fig. 1. Fig. 6 askadliggiir kilhallare for en elektrodhallare, forsedd med nio klam- eller kontaktbackar. Fig. 7 visar anordningssattet for kilhallarna vid en elektrodhallare, forsedd med tolv klambackar. Fig. 8 ar en schemutisk perspektivbild, som askadliggor ,elektrodhallarens verkningssatt. An exemplary embodiment of the invention will now be described in connection with the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1 shows a section along the line 1-1 in Fig. 4. Fig. 2 shows the lower part of an electrode and electrode holder in section along the line 2-2 in Fig. 4. Fig. 3 shows a section along line 3-3 in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 shows a sniff along line 4-4 in Fig. 1. Fig. shows a section Mugs line 5 in Fig. 1. Fig. 6 shows wedge holders for an electrode holder, provided with nine clam or contact jaws. Fig. 7 shows the device set for the wedge holders at an electrode holder, provided with twelve clamping jaws. Fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view, which is ashes, the effect of the electrode holder.

Vid .ett elektrodhallardon av ifragavarande slag, dar en cylindrisk elektrod omgripes av klambackar, ar det onskvart med en symme- '2— — triskt anordnad trepunktskontalet •eller armed jamfOrligt anordningssatt, emedan man darigenom erhaller en jamn fordelning •ax an- sattningstrycket kring elektroden. En trepunktskontakt med endast tre backar kan vara lamplig for reladvt •smâ elektroder, men fOr 'stone elektroder ger ett sã litet antal klambackar icke tillrfickligt stor kontaktarea for uppbarande av den avsevarda vikten och for overforing av de stora. arbetsstrOmmar, som komma till •an.vandning. Om man her ire kontaktytor och endast Okar dessas storlek for att kompensera for •elektrodens storre ,diameter, medfor detta, •att kontaktarean blir sa stor, att varje dylik kontaktyta joke formar anpassa sig efter forekommande oregelbundenheter hos elektrodens yta och form. Air dessa skill Or det nodvandigt att forse stora elektroder med flera On tre kontaktbackar, varvid antalet backar lampligen bar vara en multipel av tre, exempelvis sex, nio •eller tolv. Dâ flera an tre backar anvandas, b6r det finnas nagon lamplig anordning for avyagning och utjamning av de skilda hackarnas pa elektroden utavade ansattningstryck sinsemellan. Foreliggande uppfinning Or riktad pa en rot.-hg elektrodhallare •med ett stone antal klameller kontaktbackar On tre, I. ,ex. sex, nio •eller tour. Den i fig. 1-5 visade utforingsformen av uppfinningen Or fOrsedd med sex dylika backar. In the case of an electrode holder device of the type in question, where a cylindrical electrode is surrounded by clamping jaws, it is unequivocally arranged with a symmetrically arranged three-point number or armed device, as this thereby obtains an even distribution of the application pressure around the electrode. . A three-point contact with only three jaws may be suitable for relatively small electrodes, but for stone electrodes such a small number of clamping jaws do not provide a sufficiently large contact area for carrying the considerable weight and for transferring the large ones. workflows, which come to • use. If you have contact surfaces and only increase their size to compensate for the larger diameter of the electrode, this means that the contact area becomes so large that each such contact surface joke adapts to the irregularities of the surface and shape of the electrode. It is necessary to supply large electrodes with several On three contact jaws, the number of jaws suitably being a multiple of three, for example six, nine • or twelve. When several or three jaws are used, there should be some suitable device for de-icing and equalizing the application pressure exerted by the different notches on the electrode. The present invention is directed to a rot.-hg electrode holder • with a stone number of clamps contact jaws On three, I., ex. sex, nine • or tour. The embodiment of the invention shown in Figs. 1-5 is provided with six such jaws.

PA ritningarna betecknas med E en star kolelektrod och med M den smalta, i vilken elektroden E arbetar. Elektrodhallaren bestar av en sats med i en eirkular krans for ansattning mot elektrodytan anordnade backer 1, som Oro rorliga i vertikalled, samt en med 3 allmant beteckn.ad kilmekanism, som är avsedd att pressa backarna 1 till anliggning mot •elektroden E, dd backsatsen forskjutes neat. Backarna och en ovanfor •dessa belagen del :av elektroden Oro omgivna av en skyddande kylvattenmantel 4. The PA drawings denote by E a rigid carbon electrode and by M the narrow one in which the electrode E operates. The electrode holder consists of a kit with a jaw 1 arranged in an circular ring for attachment to the electrode surface, which is movable vertically, and one with a 3 generally designated wedge mechanism, which is intended to press the jaws 1 to abut against the electrode E, or the jaw kit. shifted neat. The jaws and a part above • these coated part: of the electrode Oro surrounded by a protective cooling water jacket 4.

Kontaktbackarna 1 Oro kansk•e tydligast askadliggjorda i fig. 1, 2 och 4. De Oro bagformigt krokta for att astadkomma anslutning mellan varje hacks indivanda yta och :elektrodens utsida. Varje back uppbares av tva. elektriskt ledande stanger 5, som Oro anordnade vertikalt och stracka sig uppat fran backarna till en stromsamlings- eller fordelningsring 6, som Or sammansatt av •ett par av ror utforda ringar 7 och 8, sammanhallna med hjalp 'ay klamstycken 9, vilka dro anslutna till en (joke visad) elektrisk stromkalla. Fordelningsringen 6, ledarna 5 och backarna 1 Oro s•ammanbyggda till en kraftig enhet, som Or anordnad rOrlig i vertikalled en kart stracka relativt den &riga delen av elektrodhallaren. Strommen overfOres frau fordelaren 6 till backarna genom de ledande stangerna 5. The contact jaws 1 Oro may be most clearly damaged in Figs. 1, 2 and 4. They Oro rear-shaped crooked to provide a connection between the individual surface of each notch and: the outside of the electrode. Each hill is supported by two. electrically conductive rods 5, which Oro arranged vertically and extending upwards from the jaws to a current collecting or distributing ring 6, which Or composed of • a pair of rudder challenge rings 7 and 8, held together by auxiliary clamp pieces 9, which pulled connected to a (joke shown) electric power cold. The distribution ring 6, the conductors 5 and the jaws 1 are assembled into a strong unit, which is arranged vertically in a vertical direction a short distance relative to the other part of the electrode holder. The current is transferred from the distributor 6 to the jaws through the conductive rods 5.

Elektrodhallaren Or uppbyggd av ett antal delar, som dro forbundna med en av ror for-mad, cirkular upphangningsring 10. Vid den na ring Or kylvattenmanteln 4 upphangd. Denna Or lampligen utfOrd i tva. •sektioner, en ovre och en nedre, betecknade med 4a resp. 4b. De hada sektionerna Oro oberoende av varandra men forenade genom riir 80 och centrerade med •ett periferiellt band 11. Genom denna konstruktion ken den nedre delen av manteln, som utsattes for starkare varmepakanningar, bytas ut, utan att man samtidigt be-hover byta ut den byre rdelen av manteln. insidan av mantelns nedre del i narheten av dermas nedre ande finns en fOrstarkande, ringformig del, som Or betecknad med 12. Andamalet med denna fOrstarkta manteldel kommer att anges narmare i det foljande. The electrode holder Or is made up of a number of parts, which are connected to one of the tubes, a circular suspension ring 10. At the near ring Or the cooling water jacket 4 is suspended. This Or aptly performed in two. • sections, one upper and one lower, denoted by 4a resp. 4b. The two sections are independent of each other but are joined by a ring 80 and centered by a peripheral band 11. By this construction the lower part of the jacket, which is subjected to stronger heat pans, is replaced without having to replace it at the same time. bear the part of the mantle. inside the lower part of the mantle in the vicinity of its lower spirit there is a reinforcing, annular part, which Or denoted by 12. The purpose of this reinforced mantle part will be stated in more detail in the following.

Klambackarna 1 arc, som namnt, anordnade rorliga i vertikalled, •och denna roreise forvandlas till en radiell ansattningsrorelse med hj alp av pa backarna verkande kilytor. Enligt den lampligaste utforings•formen fund altar denna konstruktion en snedstalld kilyta pa utsidan •ay varje back, en hangande, vertikalrorlig kil (med motsvarande kilvinkel) mellan varje back och en darmed samverkande ansattningsyta p0 insidan ay kylmanteln. The clamp slopes 1 arc, as the name implies, are arranged movably in the vertical direction, • and this pipe travel is transformed into a radial engagement movement with the aid of wedge surfaces acting on the slopes. According to the most suitable embodiment, this construction has an inclined wedge surface on the outside • on each jaw, a hanging, vertically movable wedge (with a corresponding wedge angle) between each jaw and a cooperating engagement surface on the inside of the cooling jacket.

I den i fig. 1-5 visade utforingsformen Oro tre kilytor anordnade ph utsidan av varje back. En av dessa Or betecknad med 20. SOsom ovan angivits, Or mantelsektionens 4b innervagg f6rsedd med en ringformig forstarkningslist 12. Denna bildar en •ansattningsyta pa mantelns insida. Mellan •denna fOrstarkningslist eller ansattningsring 12 och de snedstallda kilytorna pa varje back 1 Or anordnat ett kildon W. Varje sadant kildon bestar av tre kilar, •air vilka en 111g. 2 Or beteeknad med 22. Dessa kilar Oro •anordnade p0 en i horisontailed bagformigt krokt hallarplatta P. vilken yid sin Overkants mittpunkt Or upphangd yid en lamplig slang, sasom kommer att beskrivas i det foljande. Donets tre kilar •samverka Hied yar sin av de tre kilytorna pa den innanforvarande klambacken. Dessa kilar Oro inbordes identiskt lika, varfOr .endast en behoyer beskrivas. Pa den inatvanda sidan av varje kil 22 Or anordnad en lutande yta 23, vars lutningsyinkel Or densamma som den motsvarande ldlytan 20 pa backen 1. PA kilens 22 yttersida Or densammas yta •daremot vertikal, sOscm visas vid 24, och anordnad att samverka med den vertikala ytan pa insidan av .ansattningsringen 12. I utforandet •enligt fig. 1-5, .dar antalet klambackar Or sex, •finnas saledes sex kildon W (fig. 4). Det Or lampligt •att anbringa rullar !eller kulor mellan A ena sidan kilarna 22, a andra sidan backarna 1 och man-thin 4 for att minska friktionen. Kildonen W aro sa upphangda, att de Oro begransat rOrliga I vertikalled fOr att astadkomma lika stark ansattningskraft mellan varje back och elektroden, sasom kommer att beskriyas narmare i det foljande. In the embodiment Oro shown in Figs. 1-5, three wedge surfaces are arranged on the outside of each jaw. One of these is denoted by 20. SO as indicated above, the inner cradle of the jacket section 4b is provided with an annular reinforcing strip 12. This forms a contact surface on the inside of the jacket. Between • this reinforcement strip or engagement ring 12 and the inclined wedge surfaces on each jaw 1 Or arranged a wedge W. Each such wedge consists of three wedges, • air of which a 111g. 2 Or denoted by 22. These wedges Oro • arranged on a horizontally shaped rear-shaped hook holding plate P. which yid the center of its upper edge Or suspended yid a lamp-shaped hose, as will be described in the following. The device's three wedges • cooperate Hied is one of the three wedge surfaces on the inside clamping jaw. These wedges of concern are embedded identically equally, for which reason only one behoyer is described. On the inverted side of each wedge 22 Or arranged an inclined surface 23, the inclination angle of which is the same as the corresponding lead surface 20 on the hill 1. On the outer side of the wedge 22 Or its surface • on the other hand vertical, sOscm is shown at 24, and arranged to cooperate with it vertical surface on the inside of the mounting ring 12. In the embodiment • according to Figs. 1-5, the number of clamping jaws Or six, • there are thus six wedges W (Fig. 4). It is convenient to place rollers or balls between the wedges 22 on one side, the jaws 1 and the man-thin 4 on the other side to reduce the friction. Kildonen W aro so suspended, that de Oro limited mobility in the vertical direction to achieve equal strength between each jaw and the electrode, which will be described in more detail in the following.

Vid en hallare med sex backar, sadan som visas i fig. 1-5, Oro kildonen forsedda med • -—3 en hallar- och rorelsemekanism .av det i fig. 2, 4 och 5 askadliggjorda utforandet. Vane kil- don ãr salunda upphangd vid en 'slang, .sasom visas vid 30a och 30b (se fig. 2, 4 och 5), och varje sadan &tang dr i sin tur ledbart fast vid en havarm, sasom fra.mgar av fig. 5. Slangen 30a är darvid ledbart fast vid havarmen 31a och stangen 30b vid havarnien 31b. Havarmen 31a an vid 32a ledhart fast vid den..stationara upphangningsringen 10. Havarmens 31a fria dude vilar ph hOgra anden .av en balansarm 34, vilken vid sin mittpunkt 35 ar isvangbart fast vid ringen 10. na.varmen 31b fir ledbart fast vid ringen 10 i punkten 32b, och dess hogra ande vilar pa balansens 34 vanstra skankel. Narbelagna kilar aro salunda .anordnade parvis, och det framgar .av fig. 5, att om det ena kildonet i ett sadant par .drages langre ned An det .andra, sit kommer det ,sistnaranda .att forskjulas uppat till foljd .av den balansanordning, .som bildas 'av den svangbara halansarmen eller vagb.alken 34. FOljden blir, att varje par kildon komm.er.att bala.nseras, det ena mot det .andra, sit att ingetdera kan komma att utova storre ansattningstryck mot motsvarande Mamback och motsvarande del av kylmantelvaggen an. det 'andra. 11/led varje par kildon utbalanserad, rdet ■ena mot .1:let landra, och med sex klambackar, uppnas .ett resultat, som ar i huvudsak .detsamma som vid en trepunktsupphangning men med mycket .storre rats attningsyta. In the case of a holder with six jaws, as shown in Figs. 1-5, the source devices are provided with a holder and movement mechanism of the embodiment shown in Figs. 2, 4 and 5. Habitats are thus suspended from a hose, as shown at 30a and 30b (see Figs. 2, 4 and 5), and each such tong is in turn articulated to a sea arm, as shown in Figs. The hose 30a is then articulated to the sea arm 31a and the rod 30b to the sea arm 31b. The sea arm 31a attaches to the 32a articulated heart fixed to the stationary suspension ring 10. The free dude of the sea arm 31a rests on the right side of a balance arm 34, which at its center point 35 is rigidly attached to the ring 10. The heat 31b is articulated to the ring. 10 at point 32b, and its right hand rests on the left shank of the balance 34. Adjacent wedges are thus arranged in pairs, and it can be seen from Fig. 5 that if one of the wedges in such a pair is pulled further down than the other, it will eventually be hidden upwards as a result of the balancing device. The result is that each pair of wedges will be balanced, one against the other, so that neither can exert greater application pressure towards the corresponding Mamback. and the corresponding part of the cooling jacket cradle. the other. 11 / led each pair of wedges balanced, rdet ■ one against .1: let landra, and with six clamp slopes, a result is achieved, which is essentially .the same as with a three-point suspension but with a much .larger rats attnings Surface.

Fig. 6 askadliggor .schematiskt nagra kilhallare for en elektrodhallare, forsedd med nio backar. Upphangningsringen 10 uppbar harvid kildonen i grupper am vardera tre. En av dessa grupper 'ar askadliggjord i fig. 6. Donen, .som visas nedtill i figuren, am betecknade med 40a, 40b och 40e. De aro upphingda i var sin stang 41a, 41b resp. 41c, vilka i sin tur aro ledbart fasta vid pa ringen 10 .svanghart lagrade havarmar. Stangen 41a ar upphangd vid mitten av havarmen 44a, .som ar svangbart fast vid ringen 10 I punkten 45a. Stangen 41e an upphangd vid mitten .av havarmen 44c, .som ar svangbart fast vid ringen 10 i punkten 45c. Mellan .stangerna 41b och 41c befinner sig en balansarm 47c, som ar svangbart fast vid ringen 10 i punkten 48c. Mellan stangerna 41a .och 41b befinner sig en balansarm 47a, som dr svangbart fast vid ring-en 10 i punkten 48a. Havarmens 44a hogra ande viler pa balansens 47a vanstra skankel, och havarmens 49 vanstra ande viler pa. balansens 47a andra skankel. Havarmens 44c vanstra glide vilar pa balansens 47c hogra skankel, .och havarmens 49 hogra dude viler pit balansens 47c vanstra skinkel. Om nagot av kildonen i gruppen nor sig nedat relativt de bada ovriga .donen, .forflyttas de sistnam.nda uppat. Detta medfor givetvis, att de bade uppatgaende .donen kilas kraftigare In mellan motsvarande klambackar .och mantelns an-s attningsring. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of some wedge holders for an electrode holder, provided with nine jaws. The suspension ring 10 then carried the wedges in groups of three each. One of these groups is damaged in Fig. 6. The means shown at the bottom of the figure are denoted by 40a, 40b and 40e. They are suspended in their respective rods 41a, 41b resp. 41c, which in turn are articulated attached to the ring 10. The rod 41a is suspended at the center of the sea arm 44a, which is pivotally fixed to the ring 10 at point 45a. The rod 41e is suspended at the center of the sea arm 44c, which is pivotally attached to the ring 10 at point 45c. Between the rods 41b and 41c is a balance arm 47c, which is pivotally fixed to the ring 10 at the point 48c. Between the rods 41a and 41b there is a balance arm 47a, which is pivotally attached to the ring 10 at the point 48a. The right arm of the sea arm 44a rests on the left leg of the balance 47a, and the left arm of the sea arm 49 rests on it. the second shank of the balance 47a. The left arm's 44c left slide rests on the balance's 47c right leg, and the sea arm's 49 right shoulder rests on the balance's 47c left leg. If any of the source devices in the group are down relative to the other two devices, the latter are moved upwards. This means, of course, that the ascending devices are wedged more strongly between the corresponding clamping jaws and the mounting ring of the jacket.

Fig. 7 visar schematiskt ett anord.ningssall for kildonens hallaranordning vid en elektrod- hallare, forsedd med tolv klambackar. I den- na utforingsform finner man, att varje grupp omflattar fyra kildon, betecknad 50a, 50b, 50c och 50d. Des.sa :aro anordnade parvis pa tva ok 51a och 51b av balans- .eller vagbalkstyp. Oken 51a och 51b aro vid mitten upphangda vid var sin slang 52a resp. 52b, vilka vid sin owe ande aro ledbart fasta vid var sin svangbart anorclnad havarm 53a resp. 53b. Vardera av dessa Sr vid sin. .ena. dude 'svingbart forbunden. med ringen, ,sasom visas vid 54a och 54b. nava:Traumas 53a och 53b fria andaT vita pa en balansarm ,eller vaghalk 55, som vid mitten 56 an sva.ngbart fast vid ringen 10. I denn.a utforingsform ser man, att kildonen parvis halans.eras .av varandra, .d.vs. det ena paret uthalan.seras mot det andra, sit att fyra kildon halans.era varandra inbordes, och vid ,anvandancle av tolv backar .erhalles harigenom ett verkningssatt, son. an i huvuds.ak .analogt med verkningssattet far en trepunktsupphangning eller -kontakt. Fig. 7 schematically shows a device hall for the holding device of the source device at an electrode holder, provided with twelve clamping jaws. In this embodiment, it is found that each group comprises four wedges, designated 50a, 50b, 50c and 50d. Des.sa: aro arranged in pairs on two yokes 51a and 51b of balance or .wave beam type. The yokes 51a and 51b are in the middle suspended at each hose 52a and 52b, which at their owe spirit are articulated attached to each their pivotally attached sea arm 53a resp. 53b. Each of these Sr at its. .one. dude 'pivotally connected. with the ring,, as shown at 54a and 54b. nava: The free spirit of trauma 53a and 53b white on a balance arm, or vagal slip 55, which at the center 56 is pivotally attached to the ring 10. In this embodiment it is seen that the wedges are halved in pairs, .d .vs. the one pair of uthalan.seras against the other, sit that four kildon halans.era each other are boarded in, and at, use of twelve hills .herhalles through which an effected, son. in the main case, analogous to the mode of action, has a three-point suspension or contact.

Sasom .angivits 1 det foregaende, bar foreliggan.cle elektrodhallaranord.ning pit grun.d av .elektrodens stora idimen:sioner, dess rstora tyng.d oth del i ugnen utvecklade varmet vara .anordnad for maskinell manovrering. Den maskinella -anordningen for lyftning .av klambackarna i vertikalled Sr foretrddesvis hydraulisk, och f Or en .elektrodhallare med sex backar, sadan som visas I fig. 1-5, dro Ire hydrauliska cylinder- och kolvanordningar anordnade symmetriskt kring hallarens omkrets. En .av .dessa Sr i fig. 1 och 5 betecknad med 50. I den visade utforingsformen bestar salunda vart och .ett 'av dessa Ire ,drivorgan av en cylinder 59 jamte en i denim .arbetande kolv. Kolvstangen är betecknad med 60. Cylin.derns 59 nedre dude Sr vid 62 ledbart fast vid en fas:t :a.nordnad arm 61, som Sr fast vid ringen 10. Ett annat par fast 'anordnade an-mar 63 uppbara mellan 'sig en vertikal .styrplatta 64. En fran fordelarringen.s klamstycke 9 nedatriktad arm 65 stoder mot 'denna Ayrplatta 64 och glider uppat och nedat mot denna fOr att centrera och .styra den. vertikalrorliga strbmfordelarringen. Denna arm ar ne.dtill forsedd med en. lamplig glidknapp .eller dylikt 66, som ar .elektriskt isolera.d, sit all den icke 'kan overfora nagon striim Fran .stromf ordelaren till styrplaltan Ett par parallella lankar 70 aro vid sine nedre andar vridbart fasta vid de fast .anordnade 'armarna 63. Dessa lankars ovre andar hallas pa avstand fran varandra .och Aro .forenade genom en lamplig vridtapp 71, pa vii-ken aro lagrade ett par .tvarlankar 73. Vid sina yttre and.ar aro tvarlankarna 73 ledbart forbundna med kolvstangen 60, sasom visas vid 74, medan tvarlankarn.a vid sine inre an.- dar medelst en ledtapp 76 aro forbundn.a med en arm 75, som ar isolerat fast vid oversidan 4— — -ay fordelarringens klamstycke 9. Med detta anordningssatt for kolv, cylinder och lank-system, inses att ,kolvstangen 60, -da tryckvatska inmatas i cylinderrummet under kolven, f5rskjutes uppat, sa att stromfordelarringen 6 forskjutes nedat och .darvid medbringar backarna 1. As stated in the foregoing, there was an electrodehole device pit due to the large dimensions of the electrode, its large weight, and part of the heat developed in the furnace being arranged for mechanical maneuvering. The mechanical device for lifting the clamping jaws in the vertical direction is preferably hydraulic, and for an electrode holder with six jaws, as shown in Figs. 1-5, the hydraulic cylinder and piston devices are arranged symmetrically around the circumference of the holder. One of these Srs in Figs. 1 and 5 is denoted by 50. In the embodiment shown, each of these Ire thus consists of drive means of a cylinder 59 and a denim working piston. The piston rod is denoted by 60. The lower dude Sr of the cylinder 59 at 62 articulated fixedly to a phased arm 61, which is fixedly attached to the ring 10. Another pair of fixedly arranged arms 63 support between them. a vertical guide plate 64. An arm 65 directed downwards from the clamping piece 9 by the clamping piece 9 abuts this Ayr plate 64 and slides up and down towards it to center and guide it. vertically movable current distribution ring. This arm is also provided with a. lamplig slider .or 66, which is electrically insulated, all of which cannot transmit any current from the current distributor to the guide plate. A pair of parallel links 70 are pivotally attached to their lower spirits by the fixed arms 63. The upper ends of these links are kept at a distance from each other and are joined by a lampic pivot pin 71, on which are mounted a pair of transverse links 73. At their outer ends the transverse links 73 are articulated to the piston rod 60, as shown. at 74, while the transverse anchors at their inner ends are connected by means of a pivot pin 76 to an arm 75 which is insulated fixedly at the upper side of the clamping piece 9 of the distributor ring. It is understood that the piston rod 60, the pressure fluid, is fed into the cylinder space below the piston, is displaced upwards, so that the current distributor ring 6 is displaced downwards, thereby bringing the jaws 1.

Backarna 1, de ledande stangerna 5 och stromfordelarringen aro samtliga -elektriskt isolerade fran elektrodhallarens owiga delar, sâ att strom icke ken lacka bort till dessa. Dessutom är det lampligt att ha isolatorer 78 insatta I rorelseoverforingsstangerna 30a och 30b i fig. 2 och motsvarande stanger i anordningarna ,enligt fig. 6, 7 och 8. The jaws 1, the conductive rods 5 and the current distributor ring are all electrically insulated from the opposite parts of the electrode holder, so that current does not leak away to them. In addition, it is convenient to have insulators 78 inserted in the motion transfer rods 30a and 30b in Fig. 2 and corresponding rods in the devices, according to Figs. 6, 7 and 8.

Sasom visas i fig. 1, aro roren 80 anordnade att uppbara vikten av kylmantelns del 4b. Bo- ren 80 aro emellertid aven anordnade att mata kylmantelns nedre del 4b med kylvatska, och for samma andamal finnas (lake visade) kyl- vatskeforbindelser till den ovre delen. 4a av manteln, sit att kylmedel cirkulerar genom hela manteln. Kylvatska ledes aven genom de med 83 beteanade roren. Sasom visas i fig. 1 och 2, aro dessa ror placerade under kilarna och anordnade i en flat spiral, som i radialled stracker sig fran -vattenmantelns underkant till narheten av klambackarnas nedre ande. De tjana till att skydda backarna och kilarna mot den intensive ugnshettan. Tre kring omkretsen likformigt fordelade harlankar 84 tjana till att uppbara och stodja elektrodhMlaren. As shown in Fig. 1, the tubes 80 are arranged to carry the weight of the cooling jacket part 4b. The bores 80 are, however, also arranged to feed the lower part 4b of the cooling jacket with cooling water, and for the same purpose there are (lake shown) cooling water connections to the upper part. 4a of the jacket, sit that coolant circulates throughout the jacket. Kylvatska is also led through the 83-operated rudders. As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, these tubes are placed under the wedges and arranged in a flat spiral which extends radially from the lower edge of the water jacket to the proximity of the lower end of the jaws. They serve to protect the slopes and wedges from the intense oven heat. Three circumferentially evenly distributed harlanks 84 serve to support and support the electrode shield.

Den beskrivna utforingsformen ken modifieras pa olika satt inom uppfinningstankens ram. The described embodiment is modified in various ways within the scope of the inventive concept.

Med kilytor sadana som visas pa ritningarna och hallaren upphangd i barlankarna 84, stravar elektroden genom sin tyngd att f5r- skjuta klambackarna 1 nedat och Idarigenom saledes till att Oka klambackarnas ansatt- ningstryck mot -elektroderna. Om kilytorna pa backarna och kilarna i stallet lutade At motsatta hallet mot det visade, skulle det vara nodvandigt att lyfta stromfordelarringen och backarna for att kunna astadkomma ansattningsverkan. Vid en dylik konstruktion skulle elektrodvikten icke heller bidra till -en -dylik ansattningsverkan, utan tvartom motverka denna. Daremot erhalles en mjuk -ansattning och mycket snabbt 8ppnande av hallaren. With wedge surfaces as shown in the drawings and the holder suspended in the barbanks 84, the electrode, by its weight, tries to push the clamping jaws 1 downwards and thus thereby to increase the clamping jaws' application pressure against the electrodes. If the wedge surfaces on the slopes and the wedges in the stable were inclined at the opposite hall to what was shown, it would be necessary to lift the current distributor ring and the slopes in order to be able to achieve a hiring effect. In such a construction, the electrode weight would not contribute to such an engagement effect either, but on the contrary counteract it. On the other hand, a soft approach and very quick opening of the hall is obtained.

Med kilytorna sadana som visas pa ritningarna bidrar saledes elektrodvikten till att Oka ansattningskraften. Om hallaren A andra si- dan skulle uppbaras av stromfordelarringen 6, skulle -det for ansattning Tara nodvandigt att lyfta upphangningsringen (fig. 1) och de av derma uppburna delarna, sasom ky1manteln 4, kilarna 22 osv. Vid ett sadant utf8- rande skulle elektrodvikten icke bidra till ansattningsverkan, utan den skulle overhuvudtaget joke utiiva nagon inverkan. Daremot skulle man erhalla mjuk ansattning och snabb frigoring av backarna. With the wedge surfaces as shown in the drawings, the electrode weight thus contributes to increasing the employability. If the holder A were to be supported on the other side by the current distributor ring 6, it would be necessary for employment Tara to lift the suspension ring (Fig. 1) and the parts supported therefrom, such as the cooling jacket 4, the wedges 22 and so on. In such an embodiment, the electrode weight would not contribute to the hiring effect, but it would joke no effect at all. On the other hand, one would receive soft employment and rapid release of the slopes.

Under drif ten ut5var anordningen enligt fig. 1-.ett jamnt ansattningstryck pa elektroden, oberoende av eventuella ojamnheter hos elektrodytan .och trots att det kan intraff att ,elektroden icke ar fullkornligt cylindrisk. Detta astadkommes genom anordnandet av de hangande, sjalvinstallande eller Si alvjusterande kildonen mellan klambackarna och kylmantelns insida, -sasom schematiskt visas i fig. 8. Sits am framgar av denna figur, komma backarna 101, da de forskjutas nedat, ■att ansattas mot (den joke visade) elektroden och mot kilarna 103, varvid dessa forskjutas radiellt utat, tills de i sin tur -ansattas mot insidan av den kylda elektrodmanteln 104b. En fortsatt forskjutning ,av backarna nedat medfor, att kilarna forskjutas nedat i proportion till de tryckkrafter, som harvid komma till verkan mellan de skilda kilytorna. Om en back st5ter pa motstand f5rr an en .annan, t. ex. pagrund -av .ett litet utsprang pa elektroden, komma .denim back, motsvarande kil och mantelns ansattningsring att kraftigt ansattas mot varandra, under det att kilen stravar att folja med backen i doss fortsatta nedAtrorelse, varvid den darmed farbundna kilen pit grund av den pa upphangningsringen 110 anbragta balansarmen 105 fores uppat till ansattningslage relativt motsvarande klamback oeh mantelns ansattningsring. Saluntla kommer nedatrorelsen hos .ett klamback- och kilpar att tendera till -att ansatta dot darned i samma grupp samverkande klamback- och kilparet till ERA av balansarmens 105 vagbalks- eller balansverkan. Delta medfor, att jamvikt -standigt uppratthalles mellan de hada backarna i varje par med avseende pa ansattningskraften. During operation, the device according to Fig. 1 exerts an even application pressure on the electrode, independent of any irregularities of the electrode surface and despite the fact that the electrode is not fully granular. This is accomplished by arranging the hanging, self-installing or Si self-adjusting wedges between the clamping jaws and the inside of the cooling jacket, as schematically shown in Fig. 8. As shown in this figure, the jaws 101, as they are displaced downwards, are to be engaged against the joke showed) the electrode and against the wedges 103, these being displaced radially outwards, until they in turn are engaged against the inside of the cooled electrode jacket 104b. A continued displacement of the jaws downwards means that the wedges are displaced downwards in proportion to the compressive forces which thereby come into effect between the different wedge surfaces. If a backer encounters resistance before an .annan, e.g. pagrund -of .a small protrusion on the electrode, come .denim back, corresponding wedge and mantle attachment ring to be strongly engaged against each other, while the wedge strives to follow with the back in doss continued downAtrorelse, whereby the associated wedge pit due to the pa the suspension ring 110 fitted with the balance arm 105 is raised up to the attachment position relative to the clamping back and the attachment ring of the jacket. Saluntla, the downward movement of a clamp back and wedge pair will tend to - employed dot darned in the same group cooperating clamp back and wedge pair to ERA of the balance arm's 105 beam or balance effect. Participation means that balance is constantly maintained between the two slopes in each pair with respect to the employability.

Claims

Patent claim:

1. Device for electrode holders, in particular for light baking ovens with consumable electrodes, arranged to be fed down as they are consumed, comprising the electrode at a distance surrounding the ring (12) and between it and the electrode axially and radially arranged, electrically conductive, which contact means serving clamping jaws (1) arranged to be pushed inwards and actuated against the electrode for clamping, by this, characterized in that (Figs. 1-5) for each clamping jaw (1) a wedge member (W) is placed between one on the core jaw (1) arranged wedge surface (20) and a counter-pressure surface arranged on said ring (12), that the clamping jaws (1) movable in axial direction relative to the ring (12) are arranged so that by cooperation between their wedge surfaces (20) and corresponding wedge means ( W) in radial direction is applied to the electrode (E), and the wedge means (W) are delimited axially and connected in groups of at least two on such a salt that each of a clamping jaw (1) - - wedge surface (20) in one direction i axialled medbri wedge member (W) opposite an inserted direction, equal in axial movement to one or more other of the wedge members (W), whereby the contact and the application pressure are uniformly distributed between the corresponding clamping jaws (1).

Device according to claim 1, characterized by all the wedge means (W) in each group are connected by link systems with sea arms.

Device according to claim 2, characterized in that it has (Fig. 5), each two wedge members (W) being articulated at an intermediate point on each sea arm (31a, 31b), one end of which is pivotally mounted in a fixed point (32a). , 32b), while the opposite spirits of the h5.warmers sta are connected with opposite spirits by a balance arm (34) arranged between the seafarers., As at the middle al. , pivotally mounted in a fixed point (35).

Device according to patent claim 2, characterized in that (Fig. 6), each two. wedge members (40a, 40c) are hingedly fixed at an intermediate point on each sea arm (44a, 44c), one end of which is pivotally mounted in a fixed point (45a, 45c), that a third wedge member (40b) is hingedly fixed at the center of a freely movable bearing arm (49), saint to two at the center of a fixed point (48a and 48e, respectively) pivotally mounted tail arms (47a, 47c) are arranged between each spirit of the freely movable hay arm (19) and adjacent free of one or the other of the two first-mentioned sea arms (44a, 44c) '.

Device according to claim 2, characterized in that (Fig. 7), two freely movable sea arms (51.a, 51b), each with a wedge member (50a, 50b and 50c, 50d, respectively) articulated to each of its had spirits, at its midpoint are connected by an intermediate point on each of two at its one: spirit in a fixed point (54a, 54b) pivotally stored sea heaters (53a, 53b), while the latter sea arms - at their opposite spirits are in articulated connection with adjacent opposing spirits of a balance arm (55), which at its center is pivotally mounted in a fixed point (50).

Device according to any one of the preceding patent claims, characterized in that it is provided with a device for displacing saintly clear jaws with the same wedge surfaces in the longitudinal direction of the electrode (E). Request publications: Patents iron Norway 44 687, 45 901, 50 529; U. S. A. 2 698 871. Stockholm 1961. Rung. Soktr. P. A. Norstedt & Sorter. 610089 Pl. IN.