SE175493C1

SE175493C1 -

Info

Publication number: SE175493C1
Authority: SE
Publication date: 1961-01-01

Description

Uppfinnare: K P Berthelsen Prioritet begard /ran den 3 mars 1953 (Danmark) - Foreiiggande uppfinning liar avseende pa-. en vakuumindunstare air det slag vid vilket den for indunstningen avsedda vatskan cirkulerar genom ett system innefattande en upphettningsbehallare, i vilken vatskan tillforesVarme, och en expansionsbehMlare (Angsepa-- rator), i vilken angorna avskilj as och avsugas. Inventor: K P Berthelsen Priority requested on 3 March 1953 (Denmark) - The present invention relates to para. a vacuum evaporator of the type in which the liquid intended for evaporation circulates through a system comprising a heating tank, in which the liquid is supplied with heat, and an expansion tank (steam evaporator), in which the steam is separated and sucked off.

Vid .sadana antaggningar är det kartt att leda den. 'fran. upphettningsbehallaren kommande blatidningen air vatAkedroppar och anga till ,exp,ansionsbehallaton genom ett raw, - som inmynnar tangentiellt I donna. Blandningen far darvid en cirkulerande rorelse,1 som underlattar angomas separation. Angorna bortledas frau expansionsbehallarens overdel, medan vatskan samlas i doss trattformade botteu och darifran lodes tillbaka till upphettaren. I de fall ,expansionsbehallarens hot-ten ej ar trattformad utan plan oiler -svagt inatbuktad, avledes vatskan genom ett ror i bottnen nara periferin. In the case of such assumptions, it is short to lead it. 'fran. the heating tank coming blatidning air vatAkedroppar and enter to, exp, ansionsbehallaton through a raw, - which enters tangentially I donna. The mixture then has a circulating movement, 1 which facilitates the separation of the angoma. The vapors are discharged from the upper part of the expansion tank, while the liquid is collected in a funnel-shaped bottom tube and from there soldered back to the heater. In cases where the expansion of the expansion tank is not funnel-shaped but flat or slightly inverted, the liquid is diverted through a pipe at the bottom near the periphery.

System air .detta slag anvandas i regel far indunstning av vatskor som .ej tala overhettning och I de fall ,da dot Ar en forhallandevis stor valskemangd. soni :skall indunstas. Bade med hansyn till risken far kinstbildning och med hansyn till god drifts ekonomi krava, de darfor en noggrann passning i det att det ofta uppstar svarigheter att astadkomma och vidmakthalla den nadvandiga cirkulationshastigheten, i synnerhet nAr det som har är fraga out naturlig cirkulation. System air .This type is usually used for evaporation of water shoes which do not speak of overheating and in cases where dot Ar is a relatively large rolling pin. soni: to be evaporated. Both with regard to risk and skill training, and with regard to good operating economy, they therefore require a careful fit in that there are often responsibilities to achieve and maintain the current circulation speed, especially when what has is question out natural circulation.

Vid .ett kant vakuumindunstningssystena air ifragavarande slag liar man -sat underlatta den naturliga eirkulationen ,genom att utforma varmeytan i upphettaren som cylindrar, I f6rhallande till vilka de till angseparatorn ledande omloppsroven aro lanbragta tangentriellt pa var sin sida om cylindrarnas 'axlar. Andamalet harmed är, ,att indunstningsvaskan skall passera :genom upphettningsbehallarea i en skruvformig bana, sa att den genomRiper en lang vag i kontakt med varnaeytan;- - och :att den ,ej utsattes f Or kraftiga accelera-- tionsforandringar, ,som akar stramaingsmot-. .standet iDet sager !sig emellertid sj alvt, att dot just vid denna konstruktion, dar vatskan lange uppehaller sig i upphettaren, foreligger sarskilt stor risk far vidbranning, for sa vitt joke temperaturegleringen utfores med den _mest minutiosa noggrannhet. At the edge of the vacuum evaporation systems in question, the natural air circulation is facilitated by shaping the heating surface of the heater as cylinders, in relation to which the bypass leads leading to the steam separator are arranged tangentially on each side of the axles of the cylinders. The purpose of this is that the evaporator sink should pass: through the heating tank area in a helical path, so that it scrapes through a long wave in contact with the warning surface; - - and: that it is not exposed to strong acceleration changes, which cause tightening -. However, it is self-evident that in this particular construction, where the liquid stays in the heater for a long time, there is a particularly great risk of burning, as far as the temperature regulation is concerned, it is carried out with the most meticulous accuracy.

I regel 'foredrar man ,da oeksa Mt utforma upphettaren ,som ett tubknippe, dar Wangningsvatskan passerar hastigt_genoni en 'serie parallel-la tuber, -som omspolas air upphettningsmedlet. I a fall blir det emellertid ej till nagon nytta att tillfora vatskan tangentiellt i tubknippets bonen, i det 'att detta kommer aft erbjuda ett sarskilt stort cirkulationsmotstand. As a rule, it is preferred, then, to design the heater as a bundle of tubes, where the Wangningsvatskan passes quickly through a series of parallel tubes, which are rewound into the air heater. In some cases, however, it will be of no use to supply the liquid tangentially in the bone of the bundle of tubes, in that this will offer a particularly large circulation resistance.

Foreliggande uppfinning_ ger en majlighet att kringga de olagenheter som hero pa nedsatt eller uteblivert eirkulation, isynnerhet vid indunstare lair dot slag yid vilka upphettaren hestar air ett tublinippe. I delta syfte gar uppfinningen ut pa att utnyttja den hastighet med vilken blandningen air vatskedroppar och anga utslungas I ,expansionsbehallaren. Deana hastighet ar ratt betydande och kan uppskaftningsvis anges till 4-6 m/s, och den ger antedning till .att den utskilda vatskan roterar pa .ett cyklonliknande salt i expanisionsbehallaren. Enligt uppfinningen utnyttjas denna rarelse ,for 'att ,skapa forbattrad cirkulation genom systemet, genom ,att avloppsroret far vatskan utgar tangentiellt fran expansionsbehallaren i vatskans stromningsriktning. Harigenom uppnas, aft vatskan med sa gott .som oforandrad hastighet nedstrommar I returriiret, isynnerhet nar delta ar riktigt dimensionerat. Man upprtar darvid en, starkt Rad cirkulation genom tubknippet, och denna kan yttertigare understadjas genom ,anbringarnle air lampligt utformade kdplatar I samlingsrummen vid tubknippets Overdid l och batten. Genom -den, livliga eirkulationon minskas ris- 2— — ken for krustbildning vasentligt, och varmeOverforingen Ras, yarigenom varmeekonomin forbattras. The present invention provides an opportunity to circumvent the ills which result in impaired or absent circulation, particularly in evaporator layers such as those in which the heater heats a tube. To this end, the invention seeks to utilize the rate at which the mixture of air-liquid droplets and vapor is ejected into the expansion vessel. This velocity is quite significant and can be set to 4-6 m / s, and it gives the impression that the separated liquid rotates on a cyclone-like salt in the expansion tank. According to the invention, this arrangement is used to create improved circulation through the system, in that the drain pipe leads the liquid out tangentially from the expansion tank in the direction of flow of the liquid. This results in the water flowing down the return pipe at almost unchanged speed, especially when the delta is properly dimensioned. A strong row of circulation through the tube bundle is thereby established, and this can be further supported by fitting, suitably designed cd plates in the assembly rooms at the tube bundle's Overdid 1 and the batten. Through the lively circulation, the risk of crust formation is substantially reduced, and the heat transfer rate is reduced, thereby improving the heat economy.

Som en ytterligare fordel kan namnas, att medan man i de kanda anlaggningarna .av detta slag kan Ulla en temperaturdifferens mel- lanoch vatskan i tub- knippet pa 18-25 celclusgrader for att fa till stand den. nadvandiga cirkulationen, kan denna differens genom ,an.vandningen av den har beskrivna ,anordningen bringas ned till 1015 celciusgrader. Nar principen, tillampas vid multipeleffekter, innebar -detta, att man med samma clisponibla temperaturfall kan inskj uta tre effekter i stallet for tva med darav foljande Mitre ekonomi. Vid anyandning av ejektor vid uppvarmningen 'sparas anga, och Yid anvandning av turbokompressor rnin_skas kraftforbrukningen. Tack vare den farbattrade cirkulationen blir det slutligen mindre krustbildningar i tuberna i upphettaren, varlgenom driftsperioderna mellan rensningarna Mi langre. As a further advantage it can be mentioned that while in the known plants of this kind Ulla can make a temperature difference between and the water in the tube bundle of 18-25 degrees Celsius to obtain it. the current circulation, this difference can be reduced to 1015 degrees Celsius by using the device described above. When the principle, applied to multiple effects, -this meant that with the same clisponibla temperature drop one can insert three effects instead of two with the consequent Miter economy. When using an ejector during heating, the supply is saved, and the use of a turbocharger reduces power consumption. Thanks to the improved circulation, there are finally smaller crust formations in the tubes in the heater, whereby the operating periods between the clearances Mi are longer.

En utforingsform av uppfinningen visas sehematiskt pa hifogade ritning, dar fig. 1 visar ett indunstaingssystem Iran sidan och fig. 2 samma system sett upplfran. An embodiment of the invention is shown seematically in the accompanying drawing, in which Fig. 1 shows an evaporation system on the Iran side and Fig. 2 the same system seen from above.

Systemet bestar ay en- upphettningsbehallare 1 med avloppsledning 2 till en expansionsbehallare -eller angseparator 3 och en tillfarselledning 4 fran angseperatorn till upphettningsbehallaren. The system consists of a heating tank 1 with drain line 2 to an expansion tank or steam separator 3 and a supply line 4 from the steam generator to the heating tank.

Upphettningsbehallaren bestar av ett tubknippe 5, som upptill och nedtill avslutas med samlingsrum 6 och 7, som sta 1 forbindelse med varandra genom tuberna i tubknippet. Dessa hallas uppvarmda med hjalp av ett uppvarmningsmedel, som omstromniar clem och tilIedes genom en stuts 8 och avgar genom en. stuts 9. I samlingsrummen 6 och 7 har det inbyggts ledplatar 10 for att beframja cirkula.tionen. Genom en stilts 11, som inmynnar nedanfor upphettningsbehallaren, kan man tillfora fly vatsk.a till iforangning, medan indunstad vatska exempelvis kan uttas genom en stuts 12 nederst pa roret 4. Angora.% avlagsna.s genom en stills 13 i angseparatorns overdel. The heating container consists of a tube bundle 5, which ends at the top and bottom with assembly rooms 6 and 7, which are connected to each other through the tubes in the tube bundle. These are kept heated by means of a heating means, which circulates the clamp and flows through a nozzle 8 and exits through one. socket 9. In the meeting rooms 6 and 7, baffles 10 have been built in to promote circulation. Through a stand 11, which opens below the heating tank, it is possible to supply liquid liquid for evaporation, while evaporated liquid can for example be taken out through a nozzle 12 at the bottom of the tube 4. Angora.% Is deposited through a stand 13 in the upper part of the steam separator.

Claims

1. Patent claim: Apparatus for vacuum clusters of the type in which the evaporator intended for evaporation from a heating container is introduced into an expansion container for steam separation through a conduit connected tangentially to the expansion container from which the liquid is returned to the heating container. that the connecting pipe, through which the liquid is returned, emanates tangentially from the expansion vessel in the direction of flow of the liquid. Request publications: Patentskrifter 'ran Sverige 113746, 113423; Denmark 70166; Norway 72 929. Stockholm 1961. liturgl. Boktr. P. A. Norstedt & Saner. 610089