SE1551558A1 - A method for gear shifting in a gearbox, a gearbox and a vehicle - Google Patents

A method for gear shifting in a gearbox, a gearbox and a vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
SE1551558A1
SE1551558A1 SE1551558A SE1551558A SE1551558A1 SE 1551558 A1 SE1551558 A1 SE 1551558A1 SE 1551558 A SE1551558 A SE 1551558A SE 1551558 A SE1551558 A SE 1551558A SE 1551558 A1 SE1551558 A1 SE 1551558A1
Authority
SE
Sweden
Prior art keywords
gearbox
gear
gearwheel
shaft
main
Prior art date
Application number
SE1551558A
Other languages
Swedish (sv)
Other versions
SE540845C2 (en
Inventor
Selling Tomas
Original Assignee
Scania Cv Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Scania Cv Ab filed Critical Scania Cv Ab
Priority to SE1551558A priority Critical patent/SE540845C2/en
Priority to DE112016005063.1T priority patent/DE112016005063B4/en
Priority to PCT/SE2016/051109 priority patent/WO2017095297A1/en
Publication of SE1551558A1 publication Critical patent/SE1551558A1/en
Publication of SE540845C2 publication Critical patent/SE540845C2/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/70—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for change-speed gearing in group arrangement, i.e. with separate change-speed gear trains arranged in series, e.g. range or overdrive-type gearing arrangements
    • F16H61/702—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for change-speed gearing in group arrangement, i.e. with separate change-speed gear trains arranged in series, e.g. range or overdrive-type gearing arrangements using electric or electrohydraulic control means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/02—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units comprising more than one electric motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/04—Smoothing ratio shift
    • F16H61/0403—Synchronisation before shifting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/70—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for change-speed gearing in group arrangement, i.e. with separate change-speed gear trains arranged in series, e.g. range or overdrive-type gearing arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/04—Smoothing ratio shift
    • F16H61/0403—Synchronisation before shifting
    • F16H2061/0422—Synchronisation before shifting by an electric machine, e.g. by accelerating or braking the input shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2306/00—Shifting
    • F16H2306/40—Shifting activities
    • F16H2306/44—Removing torque from current gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2306/00—Shifting
    • F16H2306/40—Shifting activities
    • F16H2306/46—Uncoupling of current gear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2306/00—Shifting
    • F16H2306/40—Shifting activities
    • F16H2306/48—Synchronising of new gear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2306/00—Shifting
    • F16H2306/40—Shifting activities
    • F16H2306/50—Coupling of new gear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/72—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/78—Special adaptation of synchronisation mechanisms to these gearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/04—Combinations of toothed gearings only
    • F16H37/042—Combinations of toothed gearings only change gear transmissions in group arrangement
    • F16H37/046—Combinations of toothed gearings only change gear transmissions in group arrangement with an additional planetary gear train, e.g. creep gear, overdrive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/04—Smoothing ratio shift
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for gear shifting in a gearbox (6). The method comprises the following steps of:. a) generate torque balance between at least two of the first planetary gear components (26, 28, 34, 36) by means of the first and second electrical machines (50, 52) and disengage at least two of the first planetary gear components (26, 28, 34, 36) from each other by means of a first coupling element (38), b) generate torque balance in the gearbox (6) by means of the first and second electrical machines (50, 52), c) shift gear in the gearbox (6) to a neutral gear, d) synchronize the speed between rotatable torque transmitting elements (18, 20, 22, 30a-30e, 32a-32e) in the gearbox (6), e) engage a gear in the gearbox (6), and shift gear in the range gearbox device (16) to a neutral gear, f) synchronize the speed between a movable component (70, 72, 74, 78) in the range gearbox device (16) and a gearbox housing (68), which at least partly. surrounding the gearbox (6), and g) connect the movable component (70, 72, 74, 78) in the range gearbox device (16) to the gearbox housing (68). The invention also relates to a gearbox (6), which is controlled by means of such a method and a vehicle (1), which comprises such a gearbox (6). The invention also relates to a computer program (P) and a computer program product for performing the method.(Fig. 2)

Description

A method for gear shifting in a gearbox, a gearbox and a vehicle BACKGROUND AND PRIOR ART The invention relates to a method for gear shifting in a gearbox according tothe preamble of patent claim 1. The invention also relates to a gearbox accord-ing to the preamble of patent claim 17, which is controlled by means of such amethod. The invention also relates to a vehicle according to the preamble of patent claim 18, which comprises such a gearbox.
Vehicles, and in particular heavy goods vehicles, e.g. trucks, are usuallyequipped with a gearbox connected to the combustion engine, which gearboxmay be automatic, manual or a combination thereof. ln an automated manualtransmission, a so-called Al\/lT gearbox, the gearbox is controlled by an elec-tronic control device. Such a gearbox may be equipped with a main gearboxdevice provided with a main shaft. A lay shaft is arranged in parallel to themain shaft. The main shaft is connectible to an input shaft via the lay shaft andto an output shaft in the gearbox via a range gearbox device, if such a rangegearbox device is integrated in the gearbox. The gearbox may also beequipped with a split gear device, arranged between the input shaft and the layshaft. The range gearbox device may constitute a separate device instead ofbeing integrated in the gearbox. ln addition to the combustion engine, also anelectrical machine may be arranged between the combustion engine and thegearbox. The combustion engine can together with the electrical machine de-liver power to the vehicle as a hybride drive or as an alternative may one of thecombustion engine or the electrical machine deliver power to the vehicle.
A brake mechanism may be arranged to retard the lay shaft in connection withchange of gears in the gearbox, in order to achieve synchronous rotationalspeeds between the lay shaft and the main shaft, so that the new gear may beengaged without any difference in rotation speed existing between thosetransmission parts in the gearbox which are brought to engage with each other at the moment the new gear is engaged. The brake mechanism is thus used toretard the lay shaft in relation to the main shaft at a stage during a shifting op-eration when the main gearbox is in the neutral position, while the lay shaft isdisconnected from the main shaft. ln gearboxes of this type, the synchronization devices, comprising conical syn-chronization rings and coupling rings, may be replaced by toothed operatingsleeves, which are displaced axially in order to engage with gearwheels placedon the main shaft. Each gean/vheel placed on the main shaft is engaged withcorresponding gearwheel elements, which are firmly attached to the lay shaft.On shifting, the operating sleeve is displaced axially in order to engage withcoupling teeth arranged on a selectable gearwheel, in order to connect thegearwheel to, and rotation lock it, on the main shaft. The synchronization de-vice in the split gearbox device and in the range gearbox device may also be replaced by a toothed operating sleeve.
The range gearbox device is usually provided between the main gearbox de-vice and a propeller shaft coupled to the drive wheels of the vehicle. The rangegearbox device is accommodated in a gearbox housing and comprises an in-put shaft coupled to the main gearbox device, an output shaft and between theinput shaft and the output shaft is the planetary gear disposed. The planetarygear usually comprises three components, which are rotatable arranged rela-tive to each other namely a sun gear, a planet carrier with planet gears and aring gear. With knowledge of the number of teeth of the sun gear and the ringgear the relative speed of the three components can be determined during op-eration. ln a range gearbox device the sun gear can be rotatable connected tothe input shaft, a number of planet gears which engage said sun gear, whichplanet gears are rotatable mounted on the planet carrier which is fixedly con-nected to the output shaft, and an axially displaceable ring gear which sur-rounds and engages the planet gears. The teeth of the sun gear, planet gearsand ring gear can be helical, that is, they have an angle to a common rotation axis of the sun gear, planet carrier and ring gear.
There are range gearboxes in which the synchronization devices are replacedwith coupling sleeves provided with splines. By controlling the transmission tosynchronous speed between the two components to be assembled an axia|displacement of the coupling sleeve along the two components is made possi-ble in order to connect them. When the components should be detached thetransmission is controlled so that torque balance occurs between the compo-nents so that the coupling sleeve is not transmitting torque. lt then becomespossible to move the coupling sleeve axially along the components in order todisengage them from each other.
The torque balance is a condition where a torque acting on the ring gear, cor-responding to the product of the torque acting on the planet carrier and thegear ratio of the planetary gear while a torque acts on the sun gear, corre-sponding to the product of the torque acting on the planet carrier and (1 -thegear ratio of the planetary gear). ln the case that two of the components of theplanetary gear, sun gear, ring gear or planet carrier, are coupled together by acoupling sleeve, the coupling sleeve transmits no torque between the plane-tary gear elements when torque balance occurs. Thus, the coupling sleeve canbe easily displaced and the planetary gear components released.
Document DE10200800165O relates to a powertrain provided with an internalcombustion engine, a main gear and an auxiliary transmission such as a rangegear provided with a planetary gear, arranged downstream to the main gear.The range gear is coupled to an electric machine, such as an electrical motoror generator, which may be used for synchronizing gears and shafts whenshifting gears.
Document WO2012084331 relates to a transmission comprising a main gear-box and a rear mounted range gearbox connected downstream of the maingearbox and designed as a planetary gear. An electric machine is connectedto a further planetary gear downstream the main gearbox.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Despite prior art, there is a need to develop a method, which makes it possibleto shift gears in a gearbox with the use of a small amount of energy. There isalso a need to develop a method, which makes it possible to shift gears in agearbox within a short period of time. There is a further need to develop amethod, which makes it possible to shift gears in a gearbox without need of an electric accumulator.
The object of the invention is thus to provide a method for gear shifting in agearbox of the type defined in the introduction, which makes it possible to shiftgears in a gearbox with the use of a small amount of energy.
Another object of the invention is to provide a method, which makes it possible to shift gears in a gearbox within a short period of time.
A further object of the invention is to provide a method, which makes it possi- ble to shift gears in a gearbox without need of an electric accumulator.
These objectives are achieved with a method, which is characterised by the features specified in patent claim 1.
These objectives are also achieved with a gearbox, which is characterised bythe features specified in patent claim 17.
These objectives are also achieved with a vehicle, which is characterised bythe features specified in patent claim 18.
The method according to the invention comprises the following steps of:a) generate torque balance between at least two of the first planetary gearcomponents by means of the first and second electrical machines and disen- gage at least two of the first planetary gear components from each other bymeans of a first coupling element, b) generate torque balance in the gearbox by means of the first and secondelectrical machines, c) shift gear in the gearbox to a neutral gear, d) synchronize the speed between rotatable torque transmitting elements inthe gearbox, and e) engage a gear in the gearbox, and shift gear in the range gearbox device tea neutrei gear, f) synchronize the speed between a movable component in the range gearboxdevice and a gearbox housing, which at least partly surrounding the gearbox,and g) connect the movable component in the range gearbox device to the gearboxhousing.
The method describes hew the range gearbox device ie shifted inte the lowrange gear position wherein a downshift takes place in the second planetarygear. Before the range gearbox device is shifted inte the low range gear posi-tion the range gearbox device is shifted inte a neutrai gear, which make it possibie te synchronize the speed between a movable component in the rangegearbox device and a gearbox housing. This means that a method for gearshifting in a gearbox is achieved, which makes it possible to shift gears withthe use of a small amount of energy. Also, the method makes it possible toshift gears in a gearbox within a short period of time. The range gearbox de-vice they be shifted inte e neutrai gear simultaneously as gears in the maingearbox device and in the split gearbox device are engaged. Thus, shiftinggears can be made within a short period of time.
The powertrain may be provided with an internal combustion engine. However,the first and second electrical machines are designed to provide enough powerand torque to the driving wheels for propulsion of the vehicle. Power to the firstand second electrical machines may be provided from an energy storage such as an electrochemical energy storage arranged in the vehicle or from an exter-nal energy storage such as wires or other electrical conducting means (notdisclosed) in the environment where the vehicle is used.
Further, the method makes it possible to shift gears in a gearbox without needof an electric storage. When torque balance and synchronization are generat-ed by means of the first and second electrical machines one of the electricalmachines, may generate electrical power to the other electrical machine. Thus,no electric storage is needed for rotating the electrical machines. An internalcombustion engine may be connected to the first electrical machine, which isunder certain operation modes driven by the internal combustion engine. Thefirst electrical machine is under such circumstances generating electrical pow-er to the second electrical machine. For this reason also shifting ef gears in thegearbex can be performed using a small amount of energy. "l"he traditienalcluteh is replaced by the first planetary gear and the ttfirn electrical machines,and therefore shifting gears can be rnade within a short period of time.
The torque transmitting elements in the gearbox are according to an embodi-ment ef the inventibn a iay shaft, a main ehaft and gearvvlteels arranged enthese shafts.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the gearbox comprises a maingearbox device and a split gearbox device, and in step c) gears in the maingearbox device and/or in the split gearbox device are shiftecl te a neutral gear.When gears in the main gearbox device and in the split gearbox device areshifted to a neutral gear, bath the main gearbox device and in the split gearboxdevice are eirntiltaneeusly prepared te be synchrenized before gear shifting.Therefere, shifting gears can be made within a short period of time.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the gears in the maingearbox device and/or in the split gearbox device are engaged in step e). Thegears in the main gearbox device and in the split gearbox device may be en- gaged simultaneously. Thus, shifting gears ean be made within a short period of time.
According to a still further embodiment of the invention, the range gearbox de-vice comprises a second planetary gear with a second ring gearwheel, a sec-ond sun gearwheel and a second planet carrier, on which at least one secondplanet gearwheel is rotatable mounted, which second sun gearwheel is con-nected to a main shaft in the gearbox. With such a configuration of the rangegearbox device the number of gears in the gearbox can be duplicated. Also,shifting gears oan be made within a short period of time in such a range gear-box device.
According to a still further embodiment of the invention, the method comprisesthe further step: f) deoeierete the speed of the second ring gearwheel to astendstiii condition by means of the first and/or second electrical machine. Thedeceieration of the speed of the second ring gearwheel to a standstill conditionmay be made by rotating the first electrical machine by means of the internalcombustion engine, and generating electrical power in the first electrical ma-chine, which electrical power is transferred to the second electrical machine.The second electrical machine will thus rotate with such a speed in relation tothe first electrical machine and the internal combustion engine that the speedof the second ring gearwheel deceieretes to a standstill condition. Thus, themethod makes it possible to shift gears in the gearbox without the need of an electric accumulator.
According to a still further embodiment of the invention, the method comprisesthe further step: g) connect the second ring gearwheel to a gearbox housing,which holds the second ring gearwheel in a standstill condition. Thus, the range gearbox device is shifted into the low range gear position.
According to a still further embodiment of the invention, the first planetary gearcomponents of the first planetary gear comprises a first ring gearwheel, a first sun gearwheel and a first planet carrier, on which at least one first planetgearwheel is rotatable mounted, which first planet carrier is connected to theinput shaft. Such a first planetary gear replaces a traditional clutch, which re-sults in that shifting gears can be made within a short period of time.
According to a still further embodiment of the invention, the first electrical ma-chine is arranged on the first sun gearwheel and the second electrical machineis arranged on the first ring gearwheel. Such a configuration of the first andsecond electrical machines at the first planetary gear components makes itpossible to generate torque balance and synchronization in order to shiftinggears in the gearbox. Therefore, shifting gears can be made within a short pe-riod of time and without the need of an electric accumulator.
According to a still further embodiment of the invention, the torque balance instep a) is generated between the first sun gearwheel and the first planet carri-er. Using the first and second electrical machines generate torque balance be-tween at least two of the first sun gean/vheel and the first planet carrier anddisengage them by means of a first coupling element shifting gears can bemade within a short period of time. Also the traditional clutch can be replaced.
According to a still further embodiment of the invention, the at least two of thefirst planetary gear components in step a) are disengaged from each other bymeans of the first coupling element are the first sun gean/vheel and the firstplanet carrier. When torque balance has been generated between the first sungearwheel and the first planet carrier they may be disengaged by means of afirst coupling element comprising an axially displacable sleeve provided withsplines. Thus, shifting gears can be made within a short period of time.
According to a still further embodiment of the invention, the speed betweenrotatable torque transmitting elements in step d) are synchronized by means ofbraking the second electrical machine, so that the input shaft is reaching asynchronized speed for shifting gears in a split gearbox device in the gearbox, and by means of braking a lay shaft in the gearbox, so that a gearwheel in amain gearbox device is reaching a synchronized speed for shifting gears in themain gearbox device in the gearbox. Braking the input shaft by means of thesecond electrical machine and at substantially the same time braking a lay shaft shifting gears can be made within a short period of time.
According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, the speed betweenrotatable torque transmitting elements in step d) are first synchronized bymeans of a synchronizing device arranged in a sp|it gearbox device in thegearbox, so that the input shaft is reaching a synchronized speed for shiftinggears in the sp|it gearbox device, and thereafter braking a lay shaft in thegearbox by means of the second electrical machine and/or by means of abrake mechanism on the lay shaft, so that a gearwheel in a main gearbox de-vice is reaching a synchronized speed for shifting gears in the main gearbox device in the gearbox.
According to a still further embodiment of the invention, the second electricalmachine in step f) is accelerated, so that the speed ef the second ring gear-wheel is deceterated to a standstiit condition. The deceieratiort of the speed ofthe second ring gearwheel to a standstili condition they be made by rotatingthe first electrical machine by means of the internal combustion engine, andgenerating electrical power in the first electrical machine, which electrical pow-er is transferred to the second electrical machine. The second electrical ma-chine will thus rotate with such a speed in relation to the first electrical machineand the internal combustion engine that the speed ef the second ring gear-wheel deceierates *to a standstiti conditibn. Thus, the method makes it possibleto shift gears in the gearbox without the need of an electric accumulator.
According to a still further embodiment of the invention, the method comprisesthe further step of: h) synchronize the speed between at least two of the firstplanetary gear components by means of the first and second electrical ma- chines and engage at least two of the first planetary gear components to eachother by means of the first coupling element.
According to a still further embodiment of the invention, the at least two of theplanetary gear components engaged to each other by means of the first cou-pling element in step h) are the first sun gean/vheel and the first planet carrier.
According to a still further embodiment of the invention the torque balance instep b) also is generated by an internal combustion engine connected to the first planetary gear.
When torque balance and synchronization are generated by means of the firstand second electrical machines the internal combustion engine rotates one ofthe electrical machines, which generates electrical power to the other electricalmachine. Thus, no electric accumulator is needed for rotating the electricalmachines. For this reason also shifting of gears in the gearbox can be per~ formed using a small amount of energy.
The invention also relates to a computer program and a computer program product for performing the method according to the invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Below is a description of, as examples, preferred embodiments of the invention with reference to the enclosed drawings, in which: Fig. 1 shows schematically a vehicle in a side view, provided with a gearboxshifted by the method according to the invention, Fig. 2 shows schematically a sectional view of a powertrain with the gearbox,which is shifted into a low range gear position, 11 Fig. 3 shows schematically a sectional view of a powertrain with the gearbox, which is shifted into a natural gear position, Fig. 4 shows schematically a sectional view of a powertrain with the gearbox, which is shifted into a high range gear position, Fig. 5 shows schematically a sectional view of a powertrain with the gearbox,according to an alternative embodiment, which is shifted into a low range gear position, and Fig. 6 shows a flow chart of the method for shifting the gearbox according to the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED E|\/|BOD|I\/IENTS OF THE IN-VENTION Fig. 1 shows schematically a side view of a vehicle 1, e.g. a truck, with apowertrain 2 provided with a gearbox 6 shifted by the method according to theinvention. The powertrain 2 comprises also a propulsion arrangement, such asan internal combustion engine 4 and/or electrical machines 50, 52, which isconnected to the gearbox 6, and the gearbox 6 is further connected to driving wheels 8 of the vehicle 1 via a propeller shaft 10.
Fig. 2 shows schematically a sectional view of the powertrain 2 with the gear-box 6, which is shifted by the method according to the invention. The gearbox6 is provided with a split gearbox device 12, a main gearbox device 14 and arange gearbox device 16, which is shifted into a low range gear position. Thesplit gearbox device 12 comprises an input gearwheel 30e rotatable arrangedon an input shaft 18 and a split gearwheel 30d rotatable arranged on a mainshaft 20. The main gearbox device 14 comprises at least a first and a secondmain gean/vheel 30a-30c rotatable arranged on the main shaft 20. The rangegearbox device 16 is connected to the main shaft 20 and to the propeller shaft 12 . The propeller shaft 10 is connected to the driving wheels 8. However, thesplit gearbox device 12 can be excluded in the gearbox 6.
The gearbox 6 is also provided with a lay shaft 22 which comprises gearwheelelements 32a-32e, which are engaged with the input gearwheel 30e and thesplit gearwheel 30d, and the main gearwheels 30a-30c, respective.
A first planetary gear 24 is connected to the input shaft 18. The first planetarygear 24 comprises a first ring gearwheel 26, a first sun gearwheel 28 and afirst planet carrier 34, on which at least one first planet gearwheel 36 is rotata-ble mounted. The first planet carrier 34 is connected to the input shaft 18. Thefirst sun gearwheel 28 and the first planet carrier 34 may be engaged to eachother by means of a first coupling element 38. The first coupling element 38comprises preferably a first axially movable sleeve 40, which is equipped inter-nally with splines 42. The first axially movable sleeve 40 is displaced axially inorder to be brought into engagement with a transmission shaft 19 and the firstplanet carrier 34. The transmission shaft 19 is connected to the first sun gear-wheel 28.
The axial displacement of the first axially movable sleeve 40 is provided with ashift fork 44 arranged in an outside circumferential groove 46 in the first axiallymovable sleeve 40. The shift fork 44 is influenced by a power means 48. The power means 48 may be a pneumatic, hydraulic or electric cylinder.
First and second electrical machines 50, 52 are arranged to rotate and brakethe first planetary gear 24. The first electrical machine 50 is arranged at thefirst sun gean/vheel 28 and the second electrical machine 52 is arranged at the first ring gearwheel 26. lf the powertrain 2 is provided with an internal combustion engine 4 it will beconnected to the first sun gearwheel 28 of the first planetary gear 24. 13 A brake mechanism 58 may be connected to the lay shaft 22 for retarding thelay shaft 22 when shifting gears in the gearbox 6.
The electrical machines 50, 52 may generate driving torque or brake torque onthe input shaft 18. The electrical machines 50, 52 may be connected to anelectrical accumulator 60 which delivers electrical power to the electrical ma-chines 50, 52 or receives electrical power from the electrical machines 50, 52when the electrical machines 50, 52 generate brake torque on the input shaft18.
The main gearbox device 14 comprises operating main gear sleeves 62a, 62b,which are equipped internally with splines 42. Each main gear sleeve 62a, 62bis displaced axially in order to be brought into engagement with the maingearwheels 30a-30c and the split gearwheel 30d placed on the main shaft 20.The main gearwheels 30a-30c and the split gearwheel 30d are free to rotate inrelation to the main shaft 20 when the main gear sleeves 62a, 62b disengagethe main gearwheels 30a-30c and the split gearwheel 30d from the main shaft20. Each main gearwheel 30a-30c, placed on the main shaft 20, is engagedwith corresponding gearwheel elements 32a-32c, which are fixed to the layshaft 22. On shifting, the operating main gear sleeve 62a, 62b is displaced ax-ially from a disengaged position to an engaged position in order to engage withsplines 42 arranged on a selectable main gearwheel 30a-30c and the splitgearwheel 30d in order to connect the gearwheel 30a-30c and the split gear-wheel 30d to, and rotation lock it, on the main shaft 20. Alternatively, the axial-ly displaceable main gear sleeves 62a, 62b may also be brought into engage-ment with the main gearwheels 30a-30c and the split gearwheel 30d by meansof synchronization means (not disclosed).
The split gear box device 12 comprises an operating split gear sleeve 64,which is equipped internally with splines 42. The split gear sleeve 64 is dis-placed axially in order to be brought into engagement with the input gearwheel30e and the split gearwheel 30d, placed on the input shaft 18 and the main 14 shaft 20, respective. However, for the gearwheel 30d to be free to rotate in re-lation to the main shaft 20 also the axially displaceable main gear sleeve 62bmust disengage the gean/vheel 30d from the main shaft 20. The gearwheels30d, 30e are free to rotate in relation to the input shaft 18 when the split gearsleeve 64 disengages the gearwheels 30d, 30e from the input shaft 18. How-ever, also the main gear sleeve 62b must disengage the gearwheel 30d fromthe main shaft 20 so that that gearwheel 30d is free to rotate in relation to themain shaft 20. The gearwheels 30d, 30e, placed on the input shaft 18 and themain shaft 20, are engaged with corresponding gean/vheel elements 32d, 32e,which are fixed to the lay shaft 22. On shifting, the split gear sleeve 64 is dis-placed axially from a disengaged position to an engaged position in order toengage with splines 42 arranged on a selectable gearwheel 30d, 30e in orderto connect the input gearwheel 30e or the split gearwheel 30d to, and rotationlock it, on the input shaft 18. Alternatively, the axially displaceable split gearsleeve 64 may also be brought into engagement with the input gearwheel 30eand the split gearwheel 30d by means of a synchronization device 65 (fig. 5),comprising conical synchronization rings and coupling rings. However, accord-ing to one embodiment the electrical machines 50, 52, the internal combustionengine 4 and the brake mechanism 58 connected to the lay shaft 22 are usedto synchronize the gearbox 6 when shifting gears. The main gear sleeve 62bmay also be used to be brought into engagement with the split gear wheel 30dwhen the split gear wheel 30d is engaged with the input shaft 18 by means ofthe split gear sleeve 64. Thus, a direct connection between the input shaft 18and the main shaft 20 is achieved, wherein the gear ratio in the split and main gearbox devices is 1 :1.
The range gearbox device 16 comprises a second planetary gear 66 whichhas a low and a high gear, so that the shifting capability of the gearbox 6 canbe divided into a low range gear position and a high range gear position. ln afirst gear position corresponding to the low range gear position a downshifttakes place in the second planetary gear 66. ln the high range gear positionthe gear ratio is 1:1 in the second planetary gear 66. Fig. 2 shows the range gearbox device 16 in the first gear position, corresponding to the low range gear position.
The range gearbox device 16 is accommodated in a gearbox housing 68,which surrounds the gearbox 6, and is connected to the main shaft 20 of themain gearbox device 14. The second planetary gear 66 comprises three maincomponents which are rotatable arranged in relation to each other, namely asecond sun gearwheel 70, a second planet carrier 72 and a second ring gear-wheel 74. A number of second planet gearwheels 78 are rotatable arranged onthe second planet carrier 72. With knowledge of the number of teeth 76 ofsecond sun gearwheel 70 and the second ring gearwheel 74, the relative gearratio of the three components can be determined. The second sun gearwheel70 is connected to the main shaft 20, which extends out of the main gearboxdevice 14. The second planet gearwheels 78 engage the second sun gear-wheel 70. The second ring gearwheel 74 surrounds and engages the secondplanet gearwheels 78.
A second coupling element 86 comprising a second axially displaceable cou-pling sleeve 88 is in a first gear position arranged to connect the gearboxhousing 68 with the second ring gearwheel 74 and in a second gear positionarranged to disconnect the gearbox housing 68 from the second ring gear-wheel 74. The second axially movable coupling sleeve 88 is in the first gearposition arranged to disconnect the second sun gearwheel 70 from the secondplanet carrier 72. The second axially movable coupling sleeve 88 is in a sec-ond gear position arranged to connect the second sun gearwheel 70 to thesecond planet carrier 72. Also, the second axially movable coupling sleeve 88is in a neutral gear position arranged to disconnect the second sun gearwheel70 from the second planet carrier 72 and at the same time disconnect the sec- ond ring gear wheel 74 from the gearbox housing 68.
The second axially displaceable coupling sleeve 88 is on an inner surface pro-vided with splines 42 arranged to interact with the corresponding splines 42 16 arranged on the second ring gearwheel 74 and on the periphery of a projection94 which is fixedly connected to the gearbox housing 68. The splines 42 on thesecond axially movable coupling sleeve 88 are also arranged to cooperate withcorresponding splines 42 arranged on the periphery of a first sprocket 96which is mounted on the main shaft 20 of the second sun gearwheel 70, whichis connected to the main shaft 20 in the main gearbox device 14.
The splines 42 on the second axially movable coupling sleeve 88 are also ar-ranged to cooperate with corresponding splines 42 arranged on the secondplanet carrier 72. Corresponding splines 42 disposed on the second planetcarrier 72 are made on the periphery of a second sprocket 98 which is mount-ed on the second planet carrier 72.
The low gear in the range gearbox device 16 is obtained by displacing thesecond axially movable coupling sleeve 88, so that the second ring gean/vheel74 is connected to the projection 94 of the gearbox housing 68. The high gearin the range gearbox device 16 is obtained by displacing the second axiallymovable coupling sleeve 88, so that the second sun gearwheel 70 is connect-ed to the second planet carrier 72. The neutral gear position in the range gear-box device 16 is obtained by displacing the second axially movable couplingsleeve 88, so that the second axially movable coupling sleeve 88 is in a ar-ranged to disconnect the second sun gearwheel 70 from the second planetcarrier 72 and at the same time disconnect the second ring gear wheel 74 fromthe gearbox housing 68. ln the neutral gear position no torque is transferredthrough the range gearbox device 16. Fig. 3 shows schematically a sectionalview of a powertrain 2 with the gearbox 6, which is shifted into a natural gear position, The high gear in the range gearbox device 16 is obtained by displacing thesecond axially movable coupling sleeve 88, so that the second sun gearwheel70 is connected to the second planet carrier 72. Fig. 4 shows schematically a 17 sectional view of a powertrain 2 with the gearbox 6, which is shifted into a high range gear position.
Fig. 5 shows the alternative embodiment mentioned above, where the axiallydisplaceable split gear sleeve 64 may also be brought into engagement withthe input gearwheel 30e and the split gean/vheel 30d by means of a synchroni- zation device 65, comprising conical synchronization rings and coupling rings.
The axia| displacement of the second axially movable coupling sleeves 88 isprovided by power means (not shown), corresponding to the power means 48in connection to the first axially movable coupling sleeve 40.
Preferably, the first and second axially movable coupling sleeves 40, 88 eachhas a low weight, which means that there is a need of low energy and force tomove the respective coupling sleeve 40, 88 when shifting gears. This allows aquick gear shifting between the different gear positions in the range gearbox device 16.
Fig. 6 shows a flow chart of the method for shifting the gearbox 6 according tothe invention. The method according to the invention comprises the followingsteps of: a) generate torque balance between at least two of the first planetarygear components 26, 28, 34, 36 by means of the first and second electricalmachines 50, 52 and disengage at least two of the first planetary gear compo-nents 26, 28, 34, 36 from each other by means of a first coupling element 38,b) generate torque balance in the gearbox 6 by means of the first and secondelectrical machines 50, 52, c) shift gear in the gearbox 6 to a neutral gear, d) synchronize the speed between rotatable torque transmitting elements 18,20, 22, 30a30e, 32a~32e in the gearbox 6, e) engage a gear in the gearbox 6, and shift gear in the range gearbox device16 to a neutral gear, 18 f) synchronize the speed between a movable component 70, 72, 74, 78 in therange gearbox device 16 and a gearbox housing 68, which at least partly sur-rounding the gearbox 6, and g) connect the movable component 70, 72, 74, 78 in the range gearbox device16 to the gearbox housing 68.
The rnethed describes hew the range gearbox device ie is snifted inte the lowrange gear position wherein a downshift takes place in the second planetarygear 66. Before the range gearbox device 16 is shitted inte the low range gearposition the range gearbox device 16 is shifted inte a neutrai gear, Which makeit pessibie te synehrenize the speed between a movable component 70, 72,74, 78 in the range gearbox device 16 and a gearbox housing 68. The tradi-tienai etuteh is repiaeed ey the first pianetary gear 24 and the tvve electricalmachines 50, 52, and therefore shifting gears can be :nade within a short peri-od of time. The terque transmitttng elements in the gearbex 6 are aeeerding tean einbediinent ef the inventien an input shaft 18, a lay shaft 22, a rnain shaft20 and gearwheets 30a-30e, 32a~32e arranged en these shafts, Preferably, the gearbox 6 comprises a main gearbox device 14 and a splitgearbox device 12, and in step c) gears in the main gearbox device 14 and/or in the split gearbox device 12 are shifted te a neetrai gear.
Preferably, the gears in the main gearbox device 14 and/or in the split gearboxdevice 12 are engaged in step e).
Preferably, the range gearbox device 16 comprises a second planetary gear66 with a second ring gearwheel 74, a second sun gearwheel 70 and a secondplanet carrier 72, on which at least one second planet gearwheel 78 is rotata-ble mounted, which second sun gearwheel 70 is connected to a main shaft 20in the gearbox 6. 19 Preferably, in step f) the speed of the second ring gearwheel 74 is deceierartedto a standstill condition by means of the first and/or second electrical machine50, 52.
Preferably, in step g) the second ring gearwheel 74 is connected to a gearboxhousing 68, which holds the second ring gearwheel 74 in a standstill condition.
Preferably, the first planetary gear components 26, 28, 34, 36 of the first plane-tary gear 24 comprises a first ring gearwheel 26, a first sun gearwheel 28 anda first planet carrier 34, on which at least one first planet gearwheel 36 is rotat-able mounted, which first planet carrier 34 is connected to the input shaft 18.
Preferably, the first electrical machine 50 is arranged on the first sun gear-wheel 28 and the second electrical machine 52 is arranged on the first ring gearwheel 26.
Preferably, the torque balance in step a) is generated between the first sungearwheel 28 and the first planet carrier 34.
Preferably, the at least two of the planetary gear components 26, 28, 34, 36 instep a) are disengaged from each other by means of the first coupling element38 are the first sun gearwheel 28 and the first planet carrier 34.
Preferably, the speed between rotatable torque transmitting elements 18, 20,22, Süaäšüe, 32afl32e in step d) are synchronized by means of braking thesecond electrical machine 52, so that the input shaft 18 is reaching a synchro-nized speed for shifting gears in a split gearbox device 12 in the gearbox 6,and by means of braking a lay shaft 22 in the gearbox 6, so that a gearwheel30a-30d in a main gearbox device 14 is reaching a synchronized speed for shifting gears in the main gearbox device 14 in the gearbox 6.
Preferably, as an alternative embodiment, the speed between rotatable torquetransmitting elements 18, 20, 22, 3üa~3üe, 32afl32e in step d) are first syn-chronized by means of a synchronizing device 65 arranged in a split gearboxdevice 12 in the gearbox 6, so that the input shaft 18 is reaching a synchro-nized speed for shifting gears in the split gearbox device 12, and thereafterbraking a |ay shaft 22 in the gearbox 6 by means of the second electrical ma-chine 52 and/or by means of a brake mechanism 58 on the |ay shaft 22, sothat a gearwheel 30a-30d in a main gearbox device 14 is reaching a synchro- nized speed for shifting gears in the main gearbox device 14 in the gearbox 6.
Preferably, the second electrical machine 52 in step f) is accelerated, so thatthe speed of the second ring gearwheel 74 is decelerated to a standstiii condi~ tion.
Preferably, the method comprises the further step of: h) synchronize the speedbetween at least two of the first planetary gear components 26, 28, 34, 36 bymeans of the first and second electrical machines 50, 52 and engage at leasttwo of the first planetary gear components 26, 28, 34, 36 to each other bymeans of the first coupling element 38.
Preferably, the at least two of the planetary gear components 26, 28, 34, 36engaged to each other by means of the first coupling element 38 in step h) arethe first sun gearwheel 28 and the first planet carrier 34.
Preferably, the torque balance in step b) also is generated by an internal com-bustion engine 4 connected to the first planetary gear 24.
When torque balance and synchronization are generated by means of the firstand second electrical machines, the internal combustion engine rotates one ofthe electrical machines 50, 52, which generates electrical power to the other electrical machine 50, 52. Thus, no electric accumulator is needed for rotating 21 the electrical machines 50, 52. For this reason also shifting of gears in thegearbox ä can be performed using a small amount of energy.
The invention also relates to a computer programme P and a computer pro-gramme product for performing the method steps. The computer program Pcontrols the gear shifting in the gearbox 6, wherein said computer program Pcomprises program code for making an electronic control unit 100 or a com-puter 104 connected to the electronic control unit 100 to performing the meth-od steps according to the invention as mentioned herein, when said computerprogramme P is run on the electronic control unit 100 or a computer 104 con-nected to the electronic control unit 100.
Position detectors 106 arranged in the gearbox 6 are connected to the controlunit 100. The position detectors 106 provide the control unit 100 with infor-mation about the axial position of respective axial movable coupling sleeves40, 88.
The computer programme product comprises a program code stored on a, byan electronic control unit 100 or a computer 104 connected to the electroniccontrol unit 100 readable, media for performing the method steps according tothe invention as mentioned herein, when said computer programme P is runon the electronic control unit 100 or a computer 104 connected to the electron-ic control unit 100. Alternatively, the computer programme product is directlystorable in an internal memory l\/I into the electronic control unit 100 or a com-puter 104 connected to the electronic control unit 100, comprising a computerprogramme P for performing the method steps according to the invention,when said computer programme P is run on the electronic control unit 100 or acomputer 104 connected to the electronic control unit 100.
The components and features specified above may within the framework of theinvention be combined between the different embodiments specified.

Claims (20)

22 Claims
1. A method for gear shifting in a gearbox (6) provided with an input shaft (18)and an output shaft (84), which is connectable to a propeller shaft (10); a first p|anetary gear (24), with first p|anetary gear components (26, 28, 34,36), which is connected to the input shaft (18); a first and second electrical machine (50, 52) arranged to rotate and brake thefirst p|anetary gear (24); and a range gearbox device (16) arranged between the input shaft (18) and theoutput shaft (84); characterised in the following steps of: a) generate torque balance between at least two of the first p|anetary gearcomponents (26, 28, 34, 36) by means of the first and second electrical ma-chines (50, 52) and disengage at least two of the first p|anetary gear compo-nents (26, 28, 34, 36) from each other by means of a first coupling element(38), b) generate torque balance in the gearbox (6) by means of the first and secondelectrical machines (50, 52), c) shift gear in the gearbox (6) to a neutrai gear, d) synchronize the speed between rotatable torque transmitting elements (18,20, 22, BOa-Süe, íšâa-Bâe) in the gearbox (6), e) engage a gear in the gearbox (6), and shift gear in the range gearbox de-vice (16) to a neutral gear, f) synchronize the speed between a movable component (70, 72, 74, 78) in therange gearbox device (16) and a gearbox housing (68), which at least partlysurrounding the gearbox (6), and g) connect the movable component (70, 72, 74, 78) in the range gearbox de-vice (16) to the gearbox housing (68). 23
2. The method of claim 1,characterised in that the gearbox (6) comprises a main gearbox device (14)and a split gearbox device (12), and in step c) gears in the main gearbox de- vice (14) and/or in the split gearbox device (12) are shifted to a neutral gear.
3. The method of claim 2,characterised in thai: in step e) gears in the main gearbox device (14) and/or in the split gearbox device (12) are engaged.
4. The method of any of the preceeding claims, characterised in that the range gearbox device (16) comprises a secondplanetary gear (66) with a second ring gearwheel (74), a second sun gear-wheel (70) and a second planet carrier (72), on which at least one secondplanet gearwheel (78) is rotatable mounted, which second sun gearwheel (70)is connected to a main shaft (20) in the gearbox (6).
5. The method of claim 4, characterised in that in step f) deceierate the speed of the second ring gear-wheel (74) to a standstiii condition toy means of the first and/or second electri-cal machine (50, 52).
6. The method of claim 5, characterised in that in step g) connect the second ring gearwheel (74) to agearbox housing (68), which holds the second ring gearwheel (74) in a stand-still condition.
7. The method of any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the first planetary gear components (26, 28, 34, 36) ofthe first planetary gear (24) comprises a first ring gearwheel (26), a first sungearwheel (28) and a first planet carrier (34), on which at least one first planet 24 gearwheel (36) is rotatable mounted, which first planet carrier (34) is connect-ed to the input shaft (18).
8. The method of claim 7, characterised in that the first electrical machine(50) is arranged on the first sun gearwheel (28) and the second electrical ma-chine (52) is arranged on the first ring gearwheel (26).
9. The method according to any claims 7 and 8,characterised in that in step a) the torque balance is generated between thefirst sun gean/vheel (28) and the first planet carrier (34).
10. The method according to any of claims 7 - 9, characterised in that in step a) the at least two of the planetary gear compo-nents (26, 28, 34, 36) disengaged from each other by means of the first cou-pling element (38) are the first sun gearwheel (28) and the first planet carrier(34).
11. The method of claim 8, characterised in that in step d) the speed betweenrotatable torque transmitting elements (18, 20, 22, ßßa-(šüe, 32a-32e) are syn-chronized by means of braking the second electrical machine (52), so that theinput shaft (18) is reaching a synchronized speed for shifting gears in a splitgearbox device (12) in the gearbox (6), and by means of braking a lay shaft(22) in the gearbox (6), so that a gearwheel (30a-30d) in a main gearbox de-vice (14) is reaching a synchronized speed for shifting gears in the main gear- box device (14) in the gearbox (6).
12. The method of claim 8, characterised in that in step d) the speed betweenrotatable torque transmitting elements (18, 20, 22, ßíâa-(šüe, 32a-32e) are firstsynchronized by means of a synchronizing device (65) arranged in a splitgearbox device (12) in the gearbox (6), so that the input shaft (18) is reachinga synchronized speed for shifting gears in the split gearbox device (12), andthereafter braking a lay shaft (22) in the gearbox (6) by means of the second electrical machine (52) and/or by means of a brake mechanism (58) on the layshaft (22), so that a gearwheel (30a-30d) in a main gearbox device (14) isreaching a synchronized speed for shifting gears in the main gearbox device(14) in the gearbox (6).
13. The method of c|aims 5 and 8, characterised in that in step f) the secondelectrical machine (52) is accelerated, so that the speed of the second ringgearwheel (74) is decelerated to a standstill condition.
14. The method of any of the preceding c|aims, characterised in the furtherstep: h) synchronize the speed between at least two of the first planetary gear com-ponents (26, 28, 34, 36) by means of the first and second electrical machines(50, 52) and engage at least two of the first planetary gear components (26,28, 34, 36) to each other by means of the first coupling element (38).
15. The method according to c|aims 10 and 14, characterised in that in step h) the at least two of the planetary gear compo-nents (26, 28, 34, 36) engaged to each other by means of the first couplingelement (38) are the first sun gean/vheel (28) and the first planet carrier (34).
16. The method of any of the preceding c|aims,characterised in that the torque balance in step b) also is generated by aninternal combustion engine (4) connected to the first planetary gear (24).
17. Gearbox (6) comprising an input shaft (18) and a main shaft (20), charac-terised in that the gearbox (6) is controlled according to the method of any ofthe c|aims 1 - 16.
18. Vehicle (1) comprising a gearbox (6) provided with an input shaft (18) anda main shaft (20) and a first and a second electrical machine (50, 52) arranged 26 on the input shaft (18), characterised in that the gearbox (6) is controlled ac- cording to the method of any of the claims 1 - 16.
19. A computer program (P) for controlling the gear shifting in a gearbox (6),wherein said computer program (P) comprises program code for making anelectronic control unit (100) or another computer (104) connected to the elec-tronic control unit (100) to performing the steps according to any of the claims1 - 14.
20. A computer program product comprising a program code stored on a me-dia readably by a computer (104) for performing the method steps according toany of the claims 1 - 14, when said program code runs on an electronic controlunit (100) or another computer (104) connected to the electronic control unit(100).
SE1551558A 2015-12-01 2015-12-01 A method for gear shifting in a gearbox, a gearbox and a vehicle SE540845C2 (en)

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SE1551558A SE540845C2 (en) 2015-12-01 2015-12-01 A method for gear shifting in a gearbox, a gearbox and a vehicle
DE112016005063.1T DE112016005063B4 (en) 2015-12-01 2016-11-11 Method for shifting in a transmission, transmission and vehicle
PCT/SE2016/051109 WO2017095297A1 (en) 2015-12-01 2016-11-11 A method for gear shifting in a gearbox, a gearbox and a vehicle

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