SE127118C1

SE127118C1 -

Info

Publication number: SE127118C1
Authority: SE
Publication date: 1949-01-01

Description

Uppfinnare: L. C. Fetterly. Inventor: L. C. Fetterly.

Prioritet begdrd frdn den 27 oktober 1947 (Amerikas farenta stater). Priority requested from October 27, 1947 (United States of America).

Foreliggande uppfinning avser ett satt for fraktionering av organiska foreningar. Speciellt avses ett satt att fullstandigt avlagsna en onskad fraktion ur blandningar av organiska fOreningar. The present invention relates to a set for fractionation of organic compounds. In particular, a method is intended to completely remove a desired fraction from mixtures of organic compounds.

Organiska foreningar fOrekomma i naturen vanligtvis sasom blandningar och icke sasom rena individer. Typiska exempel ph sadana blandningar aro petroleumfraktioner och raterpentin, av vilka de forstnamnda utgoras av blandningar ay olika kolvaten och det sistnamnda ay blandningar ay kolyaten och kolvateterpener. Isoleringen ay speciella amnen och separeringen av onskade fraktioner ur dessa blandningar bilda viktiga tekniska och praktiska problem. I manga fall kan man begagna sig av enbart destillation, men da annan fraktionering an inom kokpunktsomradet efterstravas, maste man tillgripa andra metoder. I vissa fall Er det mojligt att anvanda vanlig fraktionerad kristallisering, men denna inbegriper vanligtvis anvandandet av kylning och annan dyrbar behandling. Nyligen har annu en metod upp- funnits for separering av organiska foreningar ur deras blandningar. Denna metod kan lampligen benanmes extraktiv kristallisering, enar den innefattar anvandandet av selektiva komplexbildande amnen, vilka foras i beroring med blandningen av organiska foreningar for att bilda kristalliniska komplex med speciella fraktioner ay blandningen. De erhallna kristallerna kunna latt separeras fran blandningen genom filtrering eller centrifugering och kunna darefter anvandas sasom sadana eller sonderdelas i syfte att Atervinna det komplexbildande amnet och det armed f8renade organiska materialet. Organic compounds usually occur in nature as mixtures and not as pure individuals. Typical examples of such mixtures are petroleum fractions and raterpentine, the former consisting of mixtures of different hydrocarbons and the latter of mixtures of carbonates and hydrocarbon etherpenes. The isolation of special substances and the separation of desired fractions from these mixtures form important technical and practical problems. In many cases, only distillation can be used, but when other fractionation within the boiling point range is sought, other methods must be used. In some cases it is possible to use ordinary fractional crystallization, but this usually involves the use of cooling and other expensive treatment. Recently, a method has been invented for separating organic compounds from their mixtures. This method may conveniently be called extractive crystallization, it comprises the use of selective complexing agents which are contacted with the mixture of organic compounds to form crystalline complexes with particular fractions in the mixture. The obtained crystals can be easily separated from the mixture by filtration or centrifugation and can then be used as such or probed in order to recover the complexing agent and the armed purified organic material.

Effektiviteten ay extraktionen medelst en godtycklig metod dr ett mE.tt pa metodens anvandbarhet. Om man onskar att fullstandigt avlagsna en viss fraktion ur en blandning, maste varje metod, som medfOr ett ofullstandigt aylagsnande av fraktionen, ur effektiyitets- eller ekonomisk synpunkt anses sdsom atminstone delvis otillfredsstallande... Det har forelegat en standig stravan att fOrbattra metoder, som industrien dr intresserad av, och varje &Man forbattring innebar ett framsteg pa omradet i fraga. Vid tillampandet av den ovan beskrivna metoden har det Yid rationella driftsbetingelser befunnits, att avlagsnandet av en viss fraktion icke sker konstant. Dd metoden anyandes fOr sadant andamal som for att isolera paraffiner med raka kedjor fran gasoljor i syfte att forbattra cetan-talet eller for att fraktionera bensin f8r erhallande av ramaterial for framstallning ay syntetiska kemikalier, uppgar utbytet vanligen till 60-80 % ay de normala paraffinerna, i det att kterstoden alltjamt dr lost i raffinatet. Med »raffinatetv menas dk den del ay en blandning av organiska foreningar, som icke bildar kristalliniska komplex med de i det foljande beskrivna amnena.. The efficiency of the extraction by means of an arbitrary method draws a measure of the applicability of the method. If one wishes to completely remove a certain fraction from a mixture, any method which entails an incomplete addition of the fraction must, from the point of view of efficiency or economics, be considered as at least partially unsatisfactory ... There has been a constant effort to improve methods which the industry is interested in, and each & Man improvement meant a progress in the area in question. In applying the method described above, it has been found that in the rational operating conditions that the deposition of a certain fraction does not take place constantly. The method is otherwise used for isolating paraffins with straight chains from gas oils in order to improve the cetane number or to fractionate petrol to obtain raw materials for the production of synthetic chemicals, the yield usually amounts to 60-80% of the normal paraffins. , in that the kter residue is still lost in the raffinate. By "raffinate" is meant that part of a mixture of organic compounds which does not form crystalline complexes with the substances described below.

Det Or ett andamal med uppfinningen att. forbattra metoden for extraktiv kristallisering. Ett annat andamal Or att astadkomma en metod, som medger ett i huvudsak full-. standigt aylagsnande ay en onskad fraktion ur blandningar av densamma med andra organiska f5reningar. Ytterligare ett andamaI med uppfinningen är att forbattra effektiviteten i fraktioneringsprocedurerna. Andra andamal framga ay det foljande. It is an object of the invention that. improve the method of extractive crystallization. Another purpose is to provide a method which allows a substantially complete. constantly adding a desired fraction from mixtures thereof with other organic compounds. Another object of the invention is to improve the efficiency of the fractionation procedures. Other spirits appear in the following.

Enligt uppfinningen har det visat sig, att. den utstrackning, i vilken en speciell fraktiort avlagsnas ur densamma innehallande blandningar, i betydande grad heror p& koncentrationen av det komplexbildande amnet dess losningsmedel. Det har aven_ befunnits„, att ett fullstandigt avlagsnande av en onskad fraktion kan ernas endast om losningen av det komplexbildande amnet Or atminstone huvudsak mattad under den tid komplexet befinner sig i beroring med denna losning. According to the invention, it has been found that. the extent to which a particular fraction is removed from mixtures containing it, significantly depends on the concentration of the complexing agent in its solvent. It has also been found that a complete deposition of a desired fraction can be achieved only if the solution of the complexing agent is at least substantially matte during the time the complex is in contact with this solution.

Vidare har det visat sig, att denna betingelse kan uppfyllas genom att man ursprungligen sammanf Or blandningen ay organiska 18reningar med en losning ay det komplexbil- — — dande amnet, soul är overmattad och som till och med kart innehalla suspenderat komplexbildande inane i en sadan Utstrackning, att den senare over* till en mattad losning yid en viss hogre temperatur som foreligger eller uppkommer under komplexbildningen. Det har aven obServerats, att bildningen av de kristalliniska komplexen är en exotermisk reaktion, som medfOr en uppvarmning av reaktionsblandningarna atminstone atskilliga grader. En overmattad losning av det komplexbildande amnet kan hilt framstillas, som vid en uppvarmning motsvarande den vid den exotermiska reaktionen skeende uppvarmningen over* i en sadan mattad 15s-fling som kraves for ett fullstandigt avlagsnande av en onskad fraktion ur en bland-fling. Narmare detaljer av forfarandet lam-fins nedan. Furthermore, it has been found that this condition can be met by initially combining the mixture of organic compounds with a solution of the complexing substance, the soul is supersaturated and which even maps contain suspended complexing within such an extent. , that the latter over * to a matted solution yid a certain higher temperature which is present or arises during the complex formation. It has also been observed that the formation of the crystalline complexes is an exothermic reaction which results in a heating of the reaction mixtures by at least several degrees. An supersaturated solution of the complexing agent can be wholly prepared as in a heating corresponding to the heating occurring in the exothermic reaction into such a matt 15s flake required for a complete removal of an undesired fraction from a mixed flake. Further details of the procedure are given below.

De komplexbildande amnen, som kunna an vandas -vid utforande av fOrfaringssattet enligt uppfinningen, innefatta foreningar av det slag, som uppvisar den allmanna formeln H2N\ ,C= X H2N' dar X beteeknar ett grundamne ur periodiska systemets grupp VI B jamte salter och blandningar av sadana grundamnen. Urinamae, tiourinamne, selenurinamne oeh tellururinamne bilda de viktigaste grupperna. De salter, som kunna anvandas, innefatta sarskilt salterna med mineralsyror, sasom hydrokloriderna. Emellertid kan man awu anvan,da salter av organiska syror, t. ex. monokarboxylsyror. I de fiesta fall Oro dessa amn,en utpraglat selektiva vad betraffar de komplexbildande egenskaperna. SA t. ex. bildar urin- imne kom-plex i huvudsak uteslutande med organiska foreningar med raka kedjor, sasom normala paraffiner ocb. olefiner. Tiourinantne & andra sidan bildar komplex med airmen med grenade kedjor och med naftener. The complexing agents which can be used in carrying out the process of the invention include compounds of the type which have the general formula H2N of such elements. Urinamae, thiourea name, selenium urine name and tellurium name form the most important groups. The salts which can be used include in particular the salts with mineral acids, such as the hydrochlorides. However, one can awu use, then salts of organic acids, e.g. monocarboxylic acids. In most cases, these topics are a distinctly selective one as far as the complexing properties are concerned. SA e.g. forms urinary complexes mainly exclusively with straight-chain organic compounds, such as normal paraffins and the like. olefins. Tiourinantne & the other side form complexes with airmen with branched chains and with naphthenes.

De losningsmedel, som kunna anvandas for framstallning av losningen av dessa amnen, -variera med arten av for behandling avsedd blandning av organiska foreningar. Ett i de fiesta fall lampligt losningsmedel är vatten eller vattenhaltiga media, t. ex. vattenhaltig alkohol eller vattenhaltig aceton. Amnet kan framstallas pa forliand och darefter losas i mediet eller ocksa kan det -bildas dari in situ. Ett exempel pa Sistnamnda metod är att fi5rsatta en utspadd saltsyralOsning med tiourinamne, varvid man erhaller en vattenlOsning .av tiourinamne-hydroklorid. The solvents which can be used for the preparation of the solution of these substances vary with the nature of the mixture of organic compounds intended for treatment. An unsolvable solvent in most cases is water or aqueous media, e.g. aqueous alcohol or aqueous acetone. The substance can be prepared on release and then dissolved in the medium or it can also be formed therein in situ. An example of the latter method is to prepare a dilute hydrochloric acid solution with thiourea, thereby obtaining an aqueous solution of thiourea hydrochloride.

Begynnelsekoncentrationen av det komplexbildande amnet i losningsmedlet beror i viss man pa den temperatur, vid -vilken losningen kominer till anvandning. Sasom i det f01- jande beskriyes, sker emellertid sjalva sam- . inav amneslosnmgen och bland- ningen av organiska foreningar vanligtvis :vid en temperatur, som är lagre an den under komplexbildningen maximalt upptradande temperaturen. Foretradesvis är begynnelsekoncentrationen a-v det komplexbildande am-net i losningsmedlet tillracklig for att skapa en atminstone overmattad losning vid temperaturen i sammanforingsogonblicket. Med uttrycket »atminstone Overmattad» menas di, att losningen om erforderligt kan innehalla suspenderat komplexbildande amne utover det som är fullstandigt lost vid den i saramanfOringsogonblicket radande temperaturen. The initial concentration of the complexing agent in the solvent depends to some extent on the temperature at which the solution is used. As described in the following, however, the same thing happens. of the amnesol solution and the mixture of organic compounds usually: at a temperature which is lower than the maximum temperature occurring during complex formation. Preferably, the initial concentration of the complexing agent in the solvent is sufficient to create an at least supernatant solution at the temperature at the time of joining. By the term "at least supersaturated" is meant that the solution may, if necessary, contain suspended complexing agent in addition to that which is completely dissolved at the temperature prevailing at the moment of composition.

Sasom ovan angivits, Or bildningen av dessa kristalliniska komplex en exotermisk reaktion, vilken hojer temperaturen pa reaktionsblandningen och darmed okar mojligheten fOr losningen att hallas mattad med amnet. Sasom framgar av bifogade och i det foljande diskuterade diagram ax det av vasentlig vikt, att amneslosningen ãr i huvudsak mat-tad -vid separationstenaperaturen, d. v. s. da komplexet avskiljes ur reaktions15sningen, for att man skall erna ett fullstandigt avlagsnan,de av en viss fraktion ur blandningen. Alternativt och bortsett fran den temperaturoltning, som fororsakas av reaktionen, kan det Tara fordelaktigt och ibland nodvandigt att upplietta eller avkyla reaktionsblandningen. I dessa fall liksom liven I det forstnalunda fallet bör forhMlandet mellan komplexbildande amne och losningsmedel valjas sh, att lospingen Or i huvudsak mattad vid separationstemperaturen. Iipphettning kra-ves ofta, cla komplex skola bilda,s mellan amnet och organiska foreningar av relativt hog molekylarvikt. Ett annat skill for upphettning Or att undertrycka eller minska kristalliseringen av en icke anskad fraktion. Komplexen ha namligen visat sig ha en kritisk temperatur, ovanfor -vilken de kristallisera med avsevart lag-re hastighet. Salunda kan bildandet av en joke onskvard fraktion undertryckas gen= att man later kristalliseringen av en darmed blandad onskvard fraktion ske ovanfor den forstnamnda- fraktionens kritiska kristallisaionstemperatur. As stated above, the formation of these crystalline complexes is an exothermic reaction, which raises the temperature of the reaction mixture and thus increases the possibility of the solution being kept matted with the substance. As can be seen from the accompanying diagram and the following discussion, it is of essential importance that the amnesic solution is substantially fed to the separation temperature, i.e. when the complex is separated from the reaction solution, in order to obtain a complete precipitate from those of a certain fraction. the mixture. Alternatively, and apart from the temperature melting caused by the reaction, it may be advantageous and sometimes necessary to stir or cool the reaction mixture. In these cases as well as in the first case, the ratio between complexing agent and solvent should be chosen so that the solution Or is substantially matte at the separation temperature. Heating is often required, cla complexes to form, s between the substance and organic compounds of relatively high molecular weight. Another difference for heating is to suppress or reduce the crystallization of an unaffected fraction. Namely, the complexes have been found to have a critical temperature, above which they crystallize at a considerably lower speed. Thus, the formation of a joke onskvard fraction can be suppressed by allowing the crystallization of a thus mixed onskvard fraction to take place above the critical crystallization temperature of the first-mentioned fraction.

Ett stort antal Oka organiska foreningar bilda kristalliniska komplex med de olika amnen, som har ayses. Da man anvander urinamne sasom kristalliseringsatnne, kunna komplex bildas med i huvudsak raka kedjor u.ppvisande kolvaten, alkoholer, ketoner, aldehydex, estrar, aminer, etrar oeh kolhydrater. Lampliga kolvaten aro butan, hexan, oktan., dekan, dodekan, pentadekan och oktadekan. Olefiner, som bilda komplex med Turinanme, Oro 3rhexen, 2-liepten, 4-okten, 2-deken eta. Icke-kolvaten, som bilda kristalliniska komplex med urinamne, aro nktylalkohol, dodecylalkob.ol, dioxan, palmitinaldehyd, 2,3- pentaclion, stearinsyra och n7oktylamln. A large number of Oka organic compounds form crystalline complexes with the various substances which have ayses. When using urea names such as crystallization agents, complexes can be formed with substantially straight chains indicating carbohydrates, alcohols, ketones, aldehydex, esters, amines, ethers and carbohydrates. Suitable hydrocarbons are butane, hexane, octane, decane, dodecane, pentadecane and octadecane. Olefins, which form complexes with Turinanme, Oro 3rhexene, 2-lieptene, 4-octene, 2-decene eta. The non-hydrocarbons which form crystalline complexes with urea, aroctyl alcohol, dodecyl alcohol, dioxane, palmitinaldehyde, 2,3-pentaclion, stearic acid and n-octylamine.

Kolvaten med grenade kedjor, som kristalliniska .komplex med tiourinanme, aro — —3 1,3-dimetylpentan, 3-metylheptan, 2,3,4-trimetylpentan, 3,4-dimetylheptan, 2-mety1-5- etyllieptan, 2,2,4,5-tetrametylheptan etc. Naftener, som kunna anvandas for att bilcla kristalliniska komplex med tiourinamne, are 1,3- dimety1-5-etylcyklopentan, 1,3-dimetylcyklohexan, triisopropylcyklohexan. etc. Branched chain hydrocarbons as crystalline complexes with thiouranane, aro 2,4,5-tetramethylheptane, etc. Naphthenes which can be used to form crystalline complexes with thiourea name are 1,3-dimethyl-5-ethylcyclopentane, 1,3-dimethylcyclohexane, triisopropylcyclohexane. etc.

Steroider kunna fraktioneras enligt metoden, i det att kristalliniska komplex latt bildas med olika steroler, sasom kolesterol, varigen.orn det blir mojligt alt isolera dylika amnen ur deras blandningar clari inbegripet niliett eller degras. Anvandandet av mera aktiva amnen, sasom selenurinamne eller tellururinanme, resulterar i bildandet av kristalliniska komplex med ett antal foreningar av aromatisk natur, bl. a. bensol och toluol. Alla de o-van angivna foreningarna eller blandningarna av sadana kunna separeras Iran utspadda losningar innehallande relativt inert material genom metoden enligt foreliggande uppfinning. Foretradesvis anvanda metoder for sammanfOrandet av losningen av det komplexbildande amnet med de blandningar av organiska foreningar, som skola fraktioneras, aro foljande: Medstromsforfarandet, vid vilket en lOsning av det komplexbildande ananet infores i en kolvatestrom. Steroids can be fractionated according to the method, in that crystalline complexes are easily formed with various sterols, such as cholesterol, whereby it becomes possible to isolate such substances from their mixtures, including niliet or degras. The use of more active substances, such as selenurine name or tellururin name, results in the formation of crystalline complexes with a number of compounds of aromatic nature, e.g. a. benzene and toluene. All of the above compounds or mixtures thereof can be separated into diluted solutions containing relatively inert material by the method of the present invention. Preferred methods of combining the solution of the complexing agent with the mixtures of organic compounds to be fractionated are as follows: The cocurrent process in which a solution of the complexing anane is introduced into a piston stream.

Motstromsforfaranden, vid vilka en losning ay amnet infores i kolvatestrOmmen nara kristallisationsapparatens aylopp. Countercurrent processes, in which a solution of the substance is introduced into the piston test stream near the outlet of the crystallizer.

Forfaranden med vatskeformig stationar zon, vid vilka kolvaten eller andra organiska foreningar fa passera genom en stillastaende pelare av losningen av kristalliseringsaranet. Processes with liquid stationary zone, in which the hydrocarbons or other organic compounds are allowed to pass through a stationary column of the solution of the crystallization arena.

Emulsions'. orfaranden, vid vilka losningan ay amnet atminstone momentant emulgeras med det framstrommande materialet. Emulsions'. processes in which the solution ay the substance is at least momentarily emulsified with the flowing material.

Kombinationer av dessa forfaranden kunna anyandas for att moth vissa praktiska behov. Den forsta metoden dr att foredraga, dá den kraver minimal apparatutrustning och inedgiver enkel ledningsdragning. Combinations of these procedures can be used to meet certain practical needs. The first method is preferred, as it requires minimal apparatus equipment and provides easy wiring.

Det for behandling avsedda materialet och losningen av komplexbildande amne kunna i detta sistnamnda fall inforas i en pelare innehallande en omr5rare, som medfor en kraftig oinroring av de bada komponenterna. Da kristallisering a ger ruin, okar temperaturen pa reaktionsblandningen, sá att aven losningsmcdlets tolerans for amnet (*Aar i motsvarande grad. Nar kristalliseringen Or fullstandig, ledes reaktionsblandningen till en separeringsanlaggning, dar kristallerna franskiljas, t. ex. genom centrifugering eller filtrering. Om erforderligt kunna de tvattas med lampligt material, t. ex. kallt pentan. Det har visat sig yam vasentligt att vidmakthalla i huvudsak mattnadstillstand hos losningen av kristalliseringsamnet, medan denna losning Or 1 beroring med komplexet f8r att man shall erhalla maximalt utbyte av detta sistnamnda. Efter separering och rening kunna komplexen antingen anvandas sasom Adana eller sonderdelas for 5.tervinning av komplexbildande amne och dammed fkirbundet organiskt material. Denna sonderdelning kan ske genom en lindrig upphettning ay komplexet foretradesvis i narvaro av ett losningsmedel for antingen det organiska materialet eller del koniplexbildande amnet. Lampligen kan man upphetta komplexet i narvaro av ett vattenhaltigt medium, sa att det bildas en vattenlaming av det komplexbildande amnet, da det atervinnes ur komplexet. Andra atervinningsmetoder kunna avenledes anvandas, t. ex. torrt yarrne, torrdestillation, beroring med heta, torra gaser, sasom kvave, saint angdes- Foljande f &sok, Tars resultat illustreras av diagrammet, askadliggor en effektiv av uppfinningen. En gasoljefraktion med kokpunktsomradet 210-350° C och innehallande 13 % paraffinkolvaten med rak kedja anyandes vid forsoket. Gasoljan utspaddes med samma volym metylisobutylketon. VattenlOsningar av urinamne framstalldes, vilka voro mattade vid 29, 32 resp. 35° C. Anvandandet av dessa losningar vid behandlingen av den utspadda gasoljan gay de resultat, som representeras ay kurvorna A, B resp. C. Med anyandande av 5 volymdelar urinamneslosning pa 2 delar utspadd gasolja sammanfordes komponenterna under haftig omroring vid olika temperaturer. De under dessa betingelser med de normala paraffinerna bildade kristalliniska komplexen franskildes genom filtrering, varefter raffinatet, d. v. s. den i reaktionen ieke deltagande delen av gasoljan, analyserades for bestamning av halten av normala paraffiner. Diagrammet yisar batten ay i gasoljan kvarvarande normala paraffiner i proeent vid olika maximala filtreringsteinperaturer. Av kurva A (urinananeslosning mattad vid 29° G) framgar, att yid en maximal filtreringstemperatur av 29° C alla normala paraffiner avlagsnades ur gasoljan. DO maximitemperaturen vid filtrermgen hojdes ovanfor 29° G, skedde en motsvarande aning ay den mangd av normala paraffiner, som icke bildade kristalliniska komplex med urinamnet. Salunda inneholl raffinatet efter en behandling vid 0 G omkring 5 % normala paraffiner eller nastan 40 % av den urspungliga paraffinhalten. The material to be treated and the solution of complexing agent to be discharged can in this latter case be introduced into a column containing a stirrer which causes a vigorous agitation of the two components. As crystallization gives ruin, the temperature of the reaction mixture increases, so does the tolerance of the solvent to the substance (* is correspondingly equal. When the crystallization is complete, the reaction mixture is led to a separation plant where the crystals are separated, for example by centrifugation or filtration. If necessary, they can be washed with a suitable material, for example cold pentane. After separation and purification, the complexes can either be used as Adana or probed for recovery of complexing agent and dust-bound organic material. Lampligen ka n heating the complex in the presence of an aqueous medium, said that a water paralysis of the complexing substance is formed, as it is recovered from the complex. Other recovery methods can also be used, e.g. dry yarrne, dry distillation, contact with hot, dry gases, such as kvave, saint angdes- A gas oil fraction with a boiling point range of 210-350 ° C and containing 13% straight chain paraffinic carbonates is used in the experiment. The gas oil was diluted with the same volume of methyl isobutyl ketone. Aqueous solutions of urine name were prepared, which were matted at 29, 32 resp. 35 ° C. The use of these solutions in the treatment of the diluted gas oil gay the results, which are represented in the curves A, B resp. C. By using 5 parts by volume of urea solution on 2 parts of diluted gas oil, the components were combined under vigorous stirring at different temperatures. The crystalline complexes formed under these conditions with the normal paraffins were separated by filtration, after which the raffinate, i.e. the non-reactive part of the gas oil, was analyzed to determine the content of normal paraffins. The diagram shows the batch ay in the gas oil remaining normal paraffins in proeent at different maximum filtration temperature. Curve A (uranium nanosecond matting at 29 ° C) shows that at a maximum filtration temperature of 29 ° C all normal paraffins were removed from the gas oil. When the maximum temperature at the filter level was raised above 29 ° C, a corresponding increase occurred in the amount of normal paraffins which did not form crystalline complexes with the urine name. Thus, after treatment at 0 G, the raffinate contained about 5% of normal paraffins or almost 40% of the original paraffin content.

Av kurva B framgar, att vid anyandandet av en vid 32° C mattad losning alla normala paraffiner avlagsnades, da maximitemperaturen vid filtreringen uppgick till omkring 32° C. DO emellertid samma losning anvandes i samband med en maximal filtreringstemperatur ay 35° C, inneholl raffinatet omkring 21/: % normala paraffiner, d. v. s. nastan 20 % ay den urspungligen forefintliga mangden. — — Curve B shows that when using a solution matted at 32 ° C, all normal paraffins were removed, as the maximum temperature during the filtration was about 32 ° C. However, the same solution was used in connection with a maximum filtration temperature of 35 ° C, the raffinate contained about 21 /:% normal paraffins, ie almost 20% ay the originally existing amount. - -

Claims

Patent claim: - 1. A screen for fractionating a mixture of organic compounds, which may be used to combine the mixture with a solution of a complexing agent of the Omani formula H2N, \ C = X H2N / ddr X denotes a group VI B elemental element of the Periodic Table, whereby crystalline complexes are formed between said domain and a fraction of the organic compounds, and that the solution name is at least substantially matte at the maximum temperature which occurs, while the complexes fire in contact with the solution.

1. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the complex formation is initiated in the presence of such amounts of the complex-forming substance and its solution. that the discharge at said maximum temperature constitutes at least one substantially matt discharge.

Silt according to patent claim 1 or 2, characterized in that as a complex car. dande amne anydndes ett Mime, in which K. is made up of an oxygen or sulfur atom.

Put according to patent claim 1, 2 or 3 ,. can be drawn ddrav, that the piston is combined with the solution of complex formation

4. Salt according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that as a solution of the complex-forming solution a solution is used which is initially at least supersaturated and thereby allows the formation of a substantially matted solution to the maximum temperature. Stockholm 1949. ICungl. Boktr. P. A. Norste4t & Saner 49008C