SE125503C1

SE125503C1 -

Info

Publication number: SE125503C1
Authority: SE
Publication date: 1949-01-01

Description

Uppfinnare: F. B. Levetus. Inventor: F. B. Levetus.

Prioritet begdrd frcln den 11 maj 1944. (Storbritannien). Priority requested from 11 May 1944. (Great Britain).

Foreliggande uppfinning har avseende pa en anordning vid sadana hydrauliska kraftoverfOringsanlaggningar, vilka besta av ett slutet cirkulationssystem, i vilket är mordnat dels en pump, med tillhjälp av vilken vatskan bringas att cirkulera, dels en eller flera hydrauliska motorer, aysedda att drivas av vatskan och cram vilken eller vilka denna atergar till pumpens inlopp, la.mpligen under passerande genom en huvudvatskebehalhire. The present invention relates to a device in such hydraulic power transmission systems, which consist of a closed circulation system, in which a pump is killed, by means of which the liquid is circulated, and partly one or more hydraulic motors, designed to be driven by the liquid and cram which one or the other returns to the inlet of the pump, preferably during passage through a main water reservoir.

Vid dylika anldggningar dr det ofta onskvart, att i hela va.tskesystemet och speciellt vid pumpens sugsida, vid vilken huvudvatskebehallaren om sadan finnes, 5r placerad, uppratthalla ett overtryck. In such plants, it is often undesirable to maintain an overpressure in the entire liquid system and especially at the suction side of the pump, at which the main liquid tank is located.

Detta astadkommes for narvarande vanligen antingen genom inforande av tryckluft over -vaiskeytan i huvudbehallaren eller genom att lata en fidderpaverkad kolv verka pd vatskan i systemet eller genom anordnande av en liten hjalppump. Samtliga dessa fOrslag fordrar emellertid en extra kraftkalla for att alstra eller uppratthalla det erforderliga trycket. This is usually accomplished either by introducing compressed air over the liquid surface into the main container or by allowing a feeder-actuated piston to act on the liquid in the system or by arranging a small auxiliary pump. However, all of these proposals require an extra force source to generate or maintain the required pressure.

Andamalet med foreliggande uppfinning är att undanroja denna oldgenhet och astadkomma en anordning, som ãr enkel samt verkar automatiskt. The object of the present invention is to eliminate this antiquity and to provide a device which is simple and operates automatically.

Enligt foreliggande uppfinning uppnas detta genom en hjalpbehallare och en i det slutna cirkulationssystemet anordnad stralpump, vars inmatningssida am forbunden med hjalpbehallaren och vars pumpverkan framkallande munstycke är anslutet till en med detta samverkande och i cirkulationssystemet inga.- ende ledning pa sadant salt, att vdtskestrommen i cirkulationssystemet stravar att inmata extra vatska fran hjalpbehallaren in i systemet och darmed att upprotthalla ett tryck i systemet, som dr hi5gre an atmosfartrycket. According to the present invention, this is achieved by an auxiliary tank and a jet pump arranged in the closed circulation system, the supply side of which is connected to the auxiliary tank and whose pumping-inducing nozzle is connected to a conduit on this salt cooperating with the circulating system. The circulation system strives to feed extra liquid from the auxiliary container into the system and thereby to maintain a pressure in the system which exceeds the atmospheric pressure.

Lampligen är stralpumpens munstycke anordnat i eller i narheten av cirkulationspumpens inlopp i andamal att utsattas aven for sugning fran denna pump. Lamply, the nozzle of the jet pump is arranged in or near the inlet of the circulation pump to be subjected to suction from this pump as well.

Det Or vidare vanligen fordelaktigt att an ordna en fjaderpaverkad hjalpventil mellan ett stalk med Mgt tryck i det slutna cirkulationssystemet, t. ex. huvudbehallaren, och hj dlpbehallaren, genom vilken hjalpventil vatskan kan instromma i hjalpbehallaren, om trycket i cirkulationssystemet stiger Over det onskade. It is furthermore usually advantageous to arrange a spring-actuated auxiliary valve between a stalk with high pressure in the closed circulation system, e.g. the main tank, and the auxiliary tank, through which the auxiliary valve the liquid can flow into the auxiliary tank, if the pressure in the circulation system rises above the desired.

En backventil fir vidare lampligen anordnad mellan hjalpbehallaren och str5.1pumpens munstycke i andanull aft uppratthalla trycket i cirkulationssystemet under sadana perioder, nar stromningen Or obetydlig eller helt upphor, t. ex. nar anlaggningen icke Or i verksamhet. A non-return valve is further suitably arranged between the auxiliary tank and the nozzle of the flow pump in order to maintain the pressure in the circulation system during such periods, when the flow is insignificant or completely ceases, e.g. when the plant is not Or in operation.

Uppfinningen Kommer i det fOljande att nirmare beskrivas i saraband med den 5. bifogade ritning schematiskt askadliggjorda utf oringsformen. The invention will now be described in more detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawing, which schematically illustrates the embodiment.

Yid den visade utforingsformen bestar den hydrauliska kraftoverforingsanlaggningen av en cirkulationspump A, som frammatar vatskan genom en ledning B till en hydraulisk motor C, frau yams utloppstippning villskan framstrommar genom en ledning D och en regleringsventil E till en huvudbehallare F, varifran vatskan strommar genom en ledning G och en stralpump H till dennas utloppsande A och vidare till cirkulationspumpens A inlopp. Det salt, pa vilken ventilen E reglerar stromningshastigheten genom motorn C och darmed motorns varvtal, kan varieras, men vid den schematiskt aska.dliggjorda anlaggningen an en tryckpaverkad ventil J anordnad att reglera forbiledningen av vatskan frail ledningen B genom en ledning K till behallaren F, varvid denna ventil Or konstruerad och anordnad pa sadant sdtt, att den arbetar under inverkan av trycket i ledningen D, med vilken ventilen Or forbunden genom en ledning D1, sa. att vatska kan forbiledas ventilen E i tilirOcklig utstrackning f Or att bibehalla erforderligt tryckfall. In the embodiment shown, the hydraulic power transmission system consists of a circulation pump A, which feeds the liquid through a line B to a hydraulic motor C, from which the outlet tipping will flow through a line D and a control valve E to a main tank F, from which the liquid flows through a line G and a jet pump H to its outlet A and further to the inlet of the circulation pump A. The salt at which the valve E regulates the flow rate through the motor C and thus the engine speed can be varied, but in the case of the schematically ash-filled plant a pressure-actuated valve J is arranged to regulate the bypass of the liquid from the line B through a line K to the container F, wherein this valve Or is designed and arranged in such a way that it operates under the influence of the pressure in the line D, to which the valve Or is connected through a line D1, so. that liquid can be bypassed by valve E to a sufficient extent f Or to maintain the required pressure drop.

Stralpumpen H bestar av ett munstycke som genom en ledning, i vilken flr insatt en backventil It star i forbindelse med en hfalp- 2— — hehallare L, vilken i sin tur genom en led- ningi Aiken ar anbragt en fjaderpaver- kad ventil M, är ansluten till huvudbehallaren F, varvid ledningen M1 fir sh anordnad, att densaramas byre dude ligger vid ungefar den hogsta punkten i systemets lagtrycksdel, vilken punkt normalt bor ligga under vatskeytan. SMunda skall ledningen 1\f- uppskjuta till den hogsta punkten i systemets Jagtryeksdel shsom angives genom den streckade delen ndr systemet dr avsett att arbeta helt fyllt med vatska. Om emellertid anlaggningen ãr avsedd att arbeta med ett luftrum i behallaren i och for astadkommande av en tryckackumulator eller en Iuftkudde, kan ledningen MI, sasom angives med heldragna linjer, sluta vid den hogsta punkt, som är avsedd att ligga under vatskeytan -vid normal drift. The jet pump H consists of a nozzle which, through a line, into which a non-return valve It is inserted, is connected to a halter holder L, which in turn is fitted with a spring-actuated valve M through a line Aiken. is connected to the main tank F, the line M1 being arranged so that the byde dude of the desaramas lies at approximately the highest point in the legal pressure part of the system, which point should normally be below the water surface. SMunda shall extend the line 1 \ f- to the highest point in the Jagtryeks part of the system as indicated by the dashed part when the system is intended to work completely filled with liquid. However, if the plant is intended to operate with an air space in the container in order to provide a pressure accumulator or an air cushion, the line MI, as indicated by solid lines, may terminate at the highest point, which is intended to be below the water surface - during normal operation .

I detta senare fall kan t. ex. fafyllningsoppningen genom vilken systemet fylles, Tara fOrsedd med ett pafyllningsror N, som nedskjuter nagot i hehMlaren far att faststalla den nivh, till vilken behallaren kan fyllas. In this latter case, e.g. the filling opening through which the system is filled, Tara fitted with a filling tube N, which projects slightly into the helmet, determines the level to which the container can be filled.

Anlaggningens verkningssatt ãr foljande: Medan cirkulationspumpen A ãr i arbete, uppkommer en i huvudsak konstant vatskestrom genom ledningen G och pumpens inlopp, vilken vatska framfOres genom ledningen B dels till motorn C och dels till forbistromningsventilen J i overensstammelse med installningen av regleringsventilen E, varefter vatskan gerfores till behallaren F, vilken itr sluten, sâ att den normala vatskecirkulationen zager rum i ett fullstandigt slutet system. Nar vfitskan framstrommar genom stralpumpen stravar vatskan att medsuga extra vatska frfin hjalpbehallaren L i andamal att alltid halla vatskan i systemet under ett tryck, som overstiger atmosffirtrycket. The system is activated as follows: While the circulation pump A is in operation, a substantially constant liquid flow arises through the line G and the inlet of the pump, which liquid is conveyed through the line B partly to the motor C and partly to the bypass valve J in accordance with the installation of the control valve E. is fed to the container F, which itr closed, so that the normal liquid circulation takes place in a completely closed system. When the liquid flows through the jet pump, the liquid strains to suck in extra liquid from the auxiliary container L in the spirit of always keeping the liquid in the system under a pressure which exceeds the atmospheric pressure.

Om trycket i behallaren F tack Tare denna -verkan overstiger ett pa forhand bestamt varde, kommer ventilen N att oppnas, sh att vatska kan instromma i hjalpbehallaren L, varigenom uppkomsten av overtryck forhindras. If the pressure in the tank F thanks to this effect exceeds a predetermined value, the valve N will open, so that liquid can flow into the auxiliary tank L, thereby preventing the occurrence of overpressure.

Nar cirkulationspumpen A stannas, kommer backventilen H att stanga i och far uppratt- hallande av overtrycket i systemet,att luft forhindras inkomma i systemet, nar anlaggningen icke Or i verksamhet. Samtidigt forhindras Oven kavitetsbildning vid cirkulationspumpens inlopp, ndr anlaggningen ph nytt startas. When the circulation pump A is stopped, the non-return valve H will shut down and maintain the overpressure in the system, preventing air from entering the system when the system is not in operation. At the same time, cavity formation is prevented at the inlet of the circulation pump when the system is restarted.

Hjalpbehallaren L Or vanligen forsedd med ett luftrum och star i forbindelse med den omgivande luften, sh att hjalpbehallaren kan mottaga overskottsvatska frfin huvudsystemet genom ventilen M. The auxiliary container L Or is usually provided with an air space and is connected to the ambient air, so that the auxiliary container can receive excess water from the main system through the valve M.

Nar anlaggningen Or av det slag, i vilket systemet Or fullstandigt fyllt med vatska, hindrar ventilen M icke endast uppkommande av Overtryck i systemet, utan kommer Oven att avlagsna luft, som inkommer i anlaggningen, emedan denna luft stravar att samlas vid anlaggningens hogsta punkt, varifran den kan framforas genoin ventilen M, nar denna Or oppen. When the plant Or is of the type in which the system Or is completely filled with liquid, the valve M not only prevents the formation of overpressure in the system, but will also repel air entering the plant, since this air tends to collect at the highest point of the plant, from which it can be passed through the valve M, when this Or is open.

Under -vissa omstandigheter kan en tryckackumulator eller en fjaderphverkad eller tryckklocksliknande anordning, som Or oberoende av huvudbehallaren, vara anordnad i systemets lagtrycksdel, varvid emellertid tryckackumulatorn, antingen den utgores av huvudbehallaren eller icke, stravar att under de perioder, nfir anlaggningen icke är i verksamhet, eller vid laga stromningshastigheter tillforsakra, att ett obetydligt lackage kan dga rum frail anlaggningen, utan alt trycket faller markbart. Om vidare anlaggningen Or sadan, att plotsligt vaxlingar i systemets totala oljevolym uppkomma, t. ex. omsystemet Or f &sett med en cylinder med en kolv, som Or utrustad med en kolvstang av relativt stor tjocklek, kompenserar tryckackumulatorn de plotsliga volymandringarna utan vare sig tryckstegring eller tryckminskning under vad som Or nodvandigt for att forhindra saval vakuum vid cirklationspumpens inlopp som luft att inkomma i systemet. Med den ovan beskrivn.a kolvanordningen kommer tryckackumulatorns kapacitet att hliva att vatskans volymandringar i systemet, fOrorsakade genom kolvens rorelse fran det ena till det andra andlaget, icke komma att framkalla vare sig flagon otillaten trycksankning, forhindrande stralpumpen H att arbeta, eller en otillaten stegring av trycket, som skulle farhindra vatskestromningen genom stralpumpen. Under certain circumstances, a pressure accumulator or a spring-actuated or bell-like device, which is independent of the main tank, may be provided in the low pressure part of the system, however, the pressure accumulator, whether constituted by the main tank or not, punishes during operation. , or at low flow rates ensure that an insignificant leakage can take place from the plant, without all the pressure falling markedly. If further the plant Or so, that sudden fluctuations in the total oil volume of the system occur, e.g. re-system Or f & seen with a cylinder with a piston, which Or equipped with a piston rod of relatively large thickness, the pressure accumulator compensates for the sudden volume changes without either pressure increase or pressure reduction below what Or necessary to prevent saval vacuum at the circulation pump inlet as air enters in the system. With the piston device described above, the capacity of the pressure accumulator will ensure that the volume changes of the liquid in the system, caused by the movement of the piston from one to the other surface, will not cause either flake unauthorized pressure drop, preventing the jet pump H from working, or an impermissible increase of the pressure, which would prevent the flow of liquid through the jet pump.

Den nu beskrivna schematiskt hskAdliggjorda utforingsformen Or endast vald som ett exempel och kan givetvis den hydrauliska kraftoverforingsanlaggning, vid vilken anordningen enligt uppfinningen Or avsedd att komma till anvandning, varieras pa ett flertal olika salt, utan att uppfinningens princip frOn- gOs. The schematically illustrated embodiment now described is only chosen as an example and the hydraulic power transmission plant, in which the device according to the invention is intended to be used, can of course be varied on a number of different salts, without departing from the principle of the invention.

Claims

Patent claim:

A device in such hydraulic power transmission systems, which consists of a closed circulation system, in which Or is arranged partly a pump (A), by means of which the liquid is caused to circulate, and partly one or more hydraulic motors (C), intended to be operated of the liquid and frail which denim or denim Ater * to the inlet of the pump, can be drawn by an auxiliary container (L) and a jet pump (H) arranged in the closed circulation system, the inlet side of which is connected to the auxiliary container (L) and whose pumping action produces nozzle (Hi) Connected to a conduit ph shdant salt with this cooperating and in the circulation system, that the liquid stream in the circulation system strains to feed extra wash from the auxiliary container into the system.

2. Device according to patent claim 1, wedge - -, 3, characterized in that the nozzle (Hi) is arranged in or near the inlet of the circulation pump (A) in the vapor to be subjected to suction from this pump.

Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a spring-actuated auxiliary valve (M) is arranged on the radian auxiliary container (L) and a certain air pressure level in the closed circulation system, e.g. in a main reservoir (F), through which. auxiliary valve (M) vfitska can flow into the auxiliary container if the pressure in the circulation system rises above the desired.

Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the spring-actuated valve (M) is connected to approximately the highest point in the pressure part of the circulation system 16.

Device according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that a non-return valve (III) is arranged between the auxiliary reservoir (L) and the nozzle of the nozzle pump (W), which is intended to maintain the pressure in the circulation system during such periods, when the flow hr insignificant or completely ceases.

Device according to any one of the preceding patent claims, characterized in that a pressure accumulator is arranged in the system, which accumulator is intended to facilitate the maintenance of the pressure in the system during the periods when the flow is insignificant or completely ceases, and to compensate for sudden changes in the volume of liquid in circulatory system.

Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the main container (F) constitutes the pressure accumulator.

Device according to patent claims 3 and 6 or 7, characterized in that the pressure accumulator here is formed in the form of a pressure bell and that the spring actuating valve (M) is connected to the interior of the pressure bell approximately at the level at which the liquid is normally

Device according to claim 6, 7 or 8, in the event that the total volume of the fluid system can change rapidly after another time, characterized in that the pressure accumulator here is challenged with such capacity that, apart from the jet pump (H) or the spring-operated valve (M ) effect neither Rat nor unauthorized reduced pressure will alt appear in the system as a result of such sudden refinements of the volume. Stockholm 1949. Kura Boktr. P. A. Norstedt SiMer 490099 Till Pateniet N: o t.rat GENERALSTASENS LITOGR. INSTITUTION