SE123718C1

SE123718C1 -

Info

Publication number: SE123718C1
Authority: SE
Publication date: 1948-01-01

Description

KLASS 21 g:36 BEVIDAT DEN 4 NOVEMBER 1948 PATENTT11) FRAN DEN 31 JAN. 1946 PUBLICERAT DEN 4 JANUAR! 1949 Hcirtill en ritning. CLASS 21 g: 36 PROVIDED ON 4 NOVEMBER 1948 PATENTT11) FROM 31 JAN. 1946 PUBLISHED ON JANUARY 4! 1949 Hcirtill a drawing.

AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT BROWN, BOVERI & CIE, BADEN, SCHWEIZ. AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT BROWN, BOVERI & CIE, BADEN, SWITZERLAND.

Elektrontransformator med ett stabiliseringskraftfalt. Electron transformer with a stabilizing force field.

Uppfinnere: R. Wideroe. Inventor: R. Wideroe.

Prioritet begard frc7n den 17 februari 1945. (Tyska riket). Priority requested frc7n February 17, 1945. (German Reich).

Under benamningen elektrontransformator är en anordning kand, yid vilken elektroner i ett elektriskt virvelfalt, som alstras av ett sig med tiden forandrande magnetiskt node, accelereras upp till en hastighet som kommer narheten av ljushastigheten. Under the name electron transformer, a device is known, in which electrons in an electric vortex, which are generated by a magnetic node which changes with time, are accelerated up to a speed which comes close to the speed of light.

Det har ocksâ redan foreslagits att for att fora elektronerna ut fran den cirkelbana i vii-ken den namnda accelerationen ager rum, anvanda ett elektrostatiskt eller magnetiskt hjalpfalt, som inkopplas mot slutet av accelerationsperioden och som. driver elektronerna Over till en bairn med kontinuerligt okande radie, d. v. s. en spiralbana. It has also already been proposed that in order to drive the electrons out of the circular path in which the said acceleration takes place, an electrostatic or magnetic auxiliary field is used, which is switched on towards the end of the acceleration period and which. drives the electrons Over to a bairn with a continuously increasing radius, i.e. a spiral path.

Vidare liar det foreslagits att for att fora de accelererade elektronerna ut ur cirkelbanan anordna tva avlankningselektroder pa bada sidor av en del av denna cirkelbana 1 likhet rued ett 13raunskt Tors avlankningsplattor, vid vilka en spanningsimpuls far yerka for att fora elektronerna ut ur cirkehingsroret pa sâ satt, att elektronerna sedan -,ned en bestamd radialhastighet kunna foras over till ett annat konstant elektrostatiskt fait, varigenom de kunna ledas mot antikatoden eller in i reaktionskammaren. Furthermore, in order to drive the accelerated electrons out of the circular path, it is proposed to arrange two deflection electrodes on both sides of a part of this circular path , that the electrons can then, at a certain radial velocity, be transferred to another constant electrostatic fait, whereby they can be led towards the anticatode or into the reaction chamber.

Slutligen har del foreslagits att under accelerationsprocessen utsatta elektronerna for stabiliserande krafter, som leda en Iran den foreskrivna banan pa icke onskat salt avvikande elektron tillbaka till jthnviktscirkeln. Det är tydligt att detta stabiliseringskraftfalt har ett maximivarde pa ett visst andligt avstand Iran jamviktscirkeln och ett mindre varde pa stiirre avstand fran jamviktscirkeln. Finally, it has been suggested that during the acceleration process the electrons be subjected to stabilizing forces which lead an Iran the prescribed path of undesired salt deviating electron back to the equilibrium circle. It is clear that this stabilizing force has a maximum value at a certain spiritual distance from the equilibrium circle and a smaller value at a greater distance from the equilibrium circle.

Uppfinningen bygger pa den insikten att den elektronstrom som ledes ut ur accelerationsroret, pa grund av stabiliseringskraftfaltets fOrlopp kort efter att ha passerat det namnda maximet 8kar sin bancirkeldiameter sâ snabbt, att man nastan kan tala om att elektronstralen exploderar. The invention is based on the insight that the electron current which is led out of the acceleration tube, due to the course of the stabilizing force field shortly after passing the said maximum, increases its bank circle diameter so fast that one can almost say that the electron beam explodes.

Om man t. ex. genom mattning av styrpolerna eller med hj alp av det oyannamnda magnetiska hjalpfaltet bringar banan for en elektronstr8m, som i en elektrontransformators accelerationsror har givits en hastighet i narheten av ljushastigheten, att kontinuerligt Oka fram till radien fOr stabiliseringskraftfaI- - tets maximum, kommer sedan t. ex. foljande att intraffa, sasom en noggrann undersokning av de. foljande bankurvorna her yisat: Viii en transformator for 15 MV med en diameter has jamyiktscirkeln av 14 cm och ett lage av stabiliseringsk.raftens maximum yid cirka 17,2 cm okar elektronernas aystand fran jamyiktscirkelns centrum under de fOrsta 10 varven efter passerandet ay stabiliseringskraftens maximum endast med brakdelar ay 1 mm. Sedan @car elektronernas avstand fran jamviktscirkelns centrum emellertid mycket snabbt, namligen pa sa salt, att elektronernas avstand Iran stabiliseringskraftfaltets maximum efter 11 vary redan uppgar till 0,5 mm efter 12 vary till 3 mm och ,efter 12,5 vary redan Over 10 mm. Vid 12,8 vary liar radien akat till vardet oandligt. If one e.g. by matting the control poles or with the aid of the aforementioned magnetic auxiliary field, the path of an electron current, which in the acceleration tube of an electron transformer has been given a speed close to the speed of light, continuously increases to the radius of the stabilizing force maximum, then comes t. ex. following to occur, as well as a careful examination of the. The following bank curves are as follows: Viii a transformer for 15 MV with a diameter has the equilibrium circle of 14 cm and a layer of the stabilizing force maximum yid about 17.2 cm, the electrons increase from the center of the equilibrium circle during the first 10 turns after passing the stabilizing force maximum only with brackets ay 1 mm. However, since the distance of the electrons from the center of the equilibrium circle is very fast, namely at such a salt, that the distance of the electrons Iran the maximum stabilizing force after 11 varies already reaches 0.5 mm after 12 varies to 3 mm and, after 12.5 varies already over 10 mm . At 12.8 vary the radius akat to the value is inconsistent.

Enligt uppfinningen anordnas darf Or for avlankning av de elektroner som skola foras hart frau jamviktscirkeln, at avlankningsplattpar, som patryckes likspanning eller en spanningsimpuls, pa sa salt i forhallande till stabiliseringskraftens maximum samtidigt som avstandet mellan plattorna samt tjockleken av den inre avlankningsplattan valjes att de elektroner som fran jamviktscirkeln 10- ras till stabiliseringskraftfaltets maximum, ex. genom styrpolernas mattning eller med hjalp av ett rnagnetiskt hjalpfalt, under ett vary tillryggalagga en langre vag i radiell riktning On tjockleken ay den inre avlankningsplattan men en kortare vag On avstandet melIan de tva avlankningsplattorna. According to the invention, for deflection of the electrons to be carried away from the equilibrium circle, it is provided that deflection plate pairs, which are printed DC or a voltage pulse, are so salty in relation to the maximum stabilizing force while the distance between the plates and the thickness of the internal deflection plate are selected. which from the equilibrium circle 10 is reduced to the maximum of the stabilizing force field, e.g. by the mating of the guide poles or with the aid of a magnetic auxiliary field, during a varying distance a longer scales in the radial direction On the thickness ay the inner deflection plate but a shorter scales On the distance between the two deflection plates.

Enligt en ytterligare del av uppfinningen kan verkan ay en dylik elektrostatisk avIankningsanordning ocksa. forbattras genom att man utformar den inre elektroden f Or denna avlankningsanordning som en tunn trad, som Or vinkelrat mot elektronernas tangential- och radialrorelseriktningar. Detta visas i fig. 1, dar en del av jamviktscirkeln ãr betecknad med 10 och det stalle clar stabiliseringskraftfaltet utanfor jamviktseirkeln har sitt maximivarde, Or betecknat med 11. Den inre avlankningselektroden, d. v. s. den som ligger 2— — narmast jamviktscirkeln, bestar av en trad vinkelritt mot elektronernas tangential- och radialrorelseriktningar och synes darfor i fi- guren som en punkt 12, medan den. yttre elektroden 13 liar formen av en platta. Da de elektriska kraftlinjer som ga fran traden 12 till plattan 13, trangas ihop kraftigt i narheten av traden 12, kommer den avlanknings- fdltstyrka som paverkar en elektron, som t. ex. Fangs den streckade linjen 14 kommer in mellan elektroderna 12 och 13, att vara mr- ket storre an den avlankningsfaltstyrka som paverkar en elektron som ror sig kings linjen 15, sa. att de elektroner som redan ha tillryg- galagt en langre vag i radiell riktning An de elektroner som befinna sig innanfor, ants& avlankas mindre, varigenom stralens divergens blir mindre an med en avlankningsanordning, som bestar av tva likformiga plattor. According to a further part of the invention, the action of such an electrostatic decoupling device can also. is improved by designing the inner electrode of this deflection device as a thin wire, which is perpendicular to the tangential and radial motion directions of the electrons. This is shown in Fig. 1, where a part of the equilibrium circle is denoted by 10 and the stable stabilizing force field outside the equilibrium circle has its maximum value, Or denoted by 11. The inner deflection electrode, i.e. the one closest to the equilibrium circle, consists of a wire perpendicular to the tangential and radial motion directions of the electrons and therefore appears in the figure as a point 12, while it. the outer electrode 13 takes the form of a plate. As the electric power lines which went from the wire 12 to the plate 13 are strongly compressed in the vicinity of the wire 12, the elongation field force which affects an electron, e.g. If the dashed line 14 enters between the electrodes 12 and 13, it will be significantly greater than the elongation field strength which affects an electron moving along the line 15, said. that the electrons which have already covered a longer wave in the radial direction than the electrons which are inside, are considered & deflected less, whereby the divergence of the beam becomes smaller than with a deflection device, which consists of two uniform plates.

Den tunna tradelektroden liar dessutom oeksa den f8rdelen aid den av de elektroner som den traffas av, upptager en I forhallande till tradytan liten energi och salunda ej kommer att uppvarmas otillátligt. Forhallandena bliva desto gynnsammare ju tunnare &Aden kan goras. For traden anvander man foretradesvis ett svarsmalt, mekaniskt fast material. Man kan lata de elektroner som avlankas en sadan avlankningsanordning, trd.da in i en annan, t. ex. elektrostatisk, avlankningsan- ordning, varvid man genom samverkan melIan dessa tva anordningar kan erna den andliga 8nskade avlankningen. In addition, the thin wire electrode does not increase the advantage of the electrons from which it is struck, absorbs a small amount of energy in relation to the wire surface and thus will not be heated unacceptably. The thinner the conditions become, the thinner & Aden can be made. For the trade, a responsive, mechanically solid material is preferably used. One can let the electrons which are deflected from such a deflection device, trd.da into another, e.g. electrostatic, deflection device, whereby through cooperation between these two devices the spiritual desired deflection can be achieved.

En sarskild fordel ernas, om man, sasom visas i fig. 2, anbringar de tva avlankningsanordningarna fdrskjutna 90° (eller ocksa. 270' resp. ungeffir 900 eller 270°) langs jamviktseirkelns omkrets, enar man da. genom en forskjutning av accelcrationsroret 16 i dubbelpilens 17 riktning kan installa laget av den forsta avlankningsanordningen 12, 13 i Thrhallande till stabiliseringskraftens maximum 11 utan att samtidigt behava forandra Liget av den andra avlankningsanordningen 18, 19 i forhallande till detta maximum. A particular advantage is that if, as shown in Fig. 2, the two deflection devices are arranged offset 90 ° (or also 270 'or approximately 900 or 270 °) along the circumference of the equilibrium circle, then one is united. by displacing the acceleration tube 16 in the direction of the double arrow 17 can set the layer of the first deflection device 12, 13 in relation to the maximum of the stabilizing force 11 without at the same time behaving to change the position of the second deflection device 18, 19 in relation to this maximum.

Bakom den andra resp. den narmaste avlankningsanordningen kan man slutligen an.- bringa en elektrostatisk eller magnetisk elektronlins och eventuellt utsatta denna endast fdr en kortvarig ma,gnetisering i det ogonblick elektronstrdanmen fores ut ur accelerationsroret. Behind the other resp. the nearest deflection device can finally be fitted with an electrostatic or magnetic electron lens and possibly exposed only for a short-term magnetization as soon as the electron current is carried out of the acceleration tube.

Claims

Patent claim:

1. An electron transformer with a stabilizing force field, characterized in that for the electrons which are to be driven away from the equilibrium circle, a pair of deflection plates is provided, which is DC or a voltage pulse, at such a distance in the radial direction from the point where the stabilizing force reaches. its maximum level at the same time as the distance between the plates and the thickness of the inner deflection plate is selected so that the electrons which from the equilibrium circle rims to the maximum of the stabilizing force field e.g. by the mating of the guide poles .or with the aid of a magnetic auxiliary fold, under a vary back foot a longer wave in the radial direction. the thickness of the inner a-thinning plate but a shorter vague than the distance between the ten thinning plates.

2. An electron transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner electrode of the electrostatic deflection device consists of a thin wire, which is arranged perpendicular to, the tangential and radial direction of movement of the electrons.

3. An electron transformer according to claim 2, characterized in that after and outside the first electrostatic deflection device there is a further deflection device, which consists of one or two deflection plates.

4. An electron transformer according to claim 3, characterized in that the two deflection devices are offset 900 or 270 ° in relation to the circumference of the equilibrium circle. Stockholm1048. Zungl, Boktr. P. A. Norstedt Saler 480089