SA90110114B1 - Expanded metal mesh and plated elevator installation - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to an electrically conductive valvular metal grid having a greater hollow section, and in the most important aspect of it relates to the use of the grid as an anode installation in a manner that prevents rusting of steel, including steel bars supporting concrete, with cathodic protection. To prepare the electrically conductive structure, the metal coil of this invention is coated with an electrocatalytic liquid coating. The coating process can be started in contact with the web with the liquid coating composition in roll form. This highly efficient coating method continues through the curing process while the coated web remains in coil form. Later, the coated grid can be spread out, and current distributors are fused with it to be used as an electrical conductor in cathodic protection, for example.

Description

Y = ! Expanded Metal Mesh and Electroplated Elevator Fitting Full Description BACKGROUND The invention relates to a metal mesh valve with coils used — if the coils are unfolded. in electrochemical and chemical operations and for the purpose for which it was made. And I have. The most important development in analytical electrical conductors was the discovery of dimensionally stable electrical conductors 0 by following the instructions contained in the two American patents No. TAC 1/3 No. 3177. These dimensionally stable electrical conductors consist of a base or subject material of valve metal (typically titanium) bearing an electrocatalytic coating such as a mixture of platinum group oxide and a valve metal forming oli crystals or an LR solution. Many formulas have been suggested in this field. 0 These dimensionally stable electrical conductors were mainly used as elevators in a crown! Alkali — chlorine in mercury cells and diaphragm cells and has recently been used in membrane cells and also as anodes for generating oxygem in electrometallurgical processes and in the production of chlorate hypochlorite and as anodes for metallic paint and so on.. Cer has also anodes To be used as elevators in cathodic protection and as landing strips in some special operations. Z 11 The platinum titanium anodes were considered as cathodic protective anodes, and the other use is 3 American application No. 717/564. ! The elevators can be made on aan expanded titanium mesh. They can also be made in a flexible way to adapt to the requirements of a cell designed for folding. :

B

Examples of cathodic protection are in the form of rods. Lads: for the type of use »Cals, shapes such as rods, tubes and plates have been designed for these fixed-dimension metal valve lifts, in addition to composite fittings, with a group of rods or blades installed above a conductive support group or a network of metal + Diamond-like cavities superimposed on the expansion valve Uy support group with a typical shape 0 for electricity, providing it with the required rigidity. 0: The electrodes are in the form of platinum valvular metal wires » known in the case of non-cathodeprotection

In every other use J, the degree of hardness and dimensional stability of the electrical conductor are considered as factors affecting the success of the process. and for example ; Electrolytic cells do the work

| Therefore, the degree of flatness of the face of the ALB in an internal gap in the conductor of several millimeters 0 and its hardness are very important. z

3) Most applications Dimensionally stable conductors operate at relatively high current densities of © - e kg/m for diaphragm cells and 1 - 7 kg/m for diaphragm cells and ,

01 - kg / m "for scurvy cells. Requires high coll densities of current; with requirements of ye | flatness and hardness » Valved metal fittings with high efficiency and capacity to carry CE. Standard well-known valved metal connectors of the titanium network type are used. extended

With the working interface » a network with an expansion coefficient of 1.8 - 4 times and providing it with a section

of cavities is about 300 - 770 . These titanium plates may be rubbery

| During the manufacturing processes, however, the self-elasticity of the board is reduced, for example, by welding it with the installation of an Sb connector

The current “ys” has a single arm or “ST” that extends parallel to the madly-shaped SWD dimension, which has a diamond shape. These conductive plates have a current-carrying capacity of 10 - 1 kg m 0 with respect to the surface of the electrical conductor typically. z

‎ VY z

0 a

There are other forms of electrodes used for special purposes, such as valved metal plates.. LLC

Rigid cylindrical immersion in an elevator assembly of a linear type for cathodic protection (see. (US No. 0 Gel) (£0VOAAT)

It usually includes the manufacture of well-known connectors (Ae gst) from fuse metal fittings in the surface, and includes degreasing and roughening, EL, the electrical connector, fixed by welding, and then 0

And sand formation, then coating with the electrocatalyst material » various methods that include sedimentation,

Chemical, electroplating and plasma spraying. Chemical deposition may include applying a coating solution over the body of the conductor by dipping or spraying, and then entering it in an oven with an oxidizing atmosphere, such as a briquette. 1. General description of the invention z

It has now been found that titanium and other refractory metals such as tantalum and zirconium can!

It is highly expanded and forms a diamond-like pattern, with a large portion of hollows. In this way of stretching on that pattern, the costs of the material become acceptable, as it is used as a model fixture in cathodic protection. Moreover, the network with a large expansion is flexible to

1o | It can be folded and unfolded around an axis along the LWD dimension. Thus, the expanded metal can be found in the form of large rolls that are easy to spread over the surface to be protected, such as a concrete or turf surface.

Concrete structure. The pattern of the cavities is determined by interlocking continuous valve metal strips, which provides a Ly flow in the current even if a number of strips have been acquired during shipment and installation operations. It is desirable that the metal mesh be extended across the dimension SWD in units | Typical where a roll of electrical conductor can be spread over a subject material and can be stretched 0

It is in the form of an electrical connector ready to work. a

The electrical connection system of this invention follows all the cathodic protection requirements for the Z steel rods

reinforced concrete. It includes a high-expansion, plating-activated valve metal DL 7 Z

=

electrically. And it is possible to distribute the current on the expanded fuse metal by contacting the fuse metal Cd ll. The large multiplicity of electrical paths in the expanded metal composition allows for abundant stress distribution “and thus excellent JU distribution on the reinforcing steel” due to the possibility of straightening an electrolytic conductor of more than 100 m ¢ at a speed; on a concrete surface; In addition to pg + cutting it and wrapping it around the concrete structure, however, the coated grid according to this invention 0 can generally be used wherever electrocatalytic coating on fuse metal material y amps per meter 01 subject and where conditions are Operation subject to current density of approximately one square of network area. There are other details about the aspect of cathodic protection in concrete and about the installation of the coated network to obtain that protection »can be reviewed in the patent application 0 that was currently submitted (Reference: Ye - 18 » 1187 © and ©) where that study was merged here for reference . Electrocatalytic coating is used in this invention so that the anode operates at a low voltage difference z

It is very and unique to the electrical conductor, and its default life is greater than Yo years if Z is used

in cathodic prophylaxis. Unlike other elevators that were used before in the cathodic protection of steel in concrete, this type of connector is dimensionally stable; It also does not excrete carbon dioxide or chlorine from the concrete impregnated with chlorides, and in addition to that, it has a large surface area sufficient for the acid generated from the anode reaction not to pose a threat to the surrounding concrete. ,

And from a wide side to him; The object of this invention is an electrical conductor for electro-chemical processes; z

Y. It includes a valve metal network that has a pattern of actually diamond grooves 0) It also has dimensions LWD and SWD for the cavities units » The cavities are defined by strands of valved metal wires intertwined at a node and carried over its surface Chemically active coating Tae » Ce The valve metal mesh is a flexible mesh with strips of thickness less than | aS of the lattice at least » and the elastic lattice YA forming grooves Uy; cm, Y.O

z

: 1 z that can be wrapped and unfolded around an axis through the LWD dimension in the modular pattern and tensile at a rate of up to 01 / across the SWD dimension of the modular pattern » It is also foldable in the working levels of the network around a folding diameter ranging from * - Yo twice the width of the grid, so that the aforementioned electrical conductor can be spread in the form of a roll over a supported surface on which the grid can be stretched in the form of an electrical conductor ready for work. This invention also targets a fast and economical technique of coating over a coiled net of great length. Ss, obtaining very suitable results for coating with this technique without serious damage to the strips in the small and thin networks that are made of valve metal with great expansion and do not have a large size of the cavities. In comparison with previous techniques for the production of Ob-coated metal-valve electrical conductors, much larger electrical conductive areas, Wm 0 - 00 square meters, for example, can be coated with continuous expansion. Moreover, this economical coating process can Executing it and complementing the equipment that is usually present within the capabilities available in the traditional device used in the coating process. And in that epithelial field; This invention relates to a method for manufacturing an electrical conductor for electrochemical 1 Z1 operations “of a type comprising a valvular metal mesh” having a pattern of actually “diamond-like” cavities of LWD and SWD dimensions in ¢ units and determined by the cavities of that pattern With an extension of thin valvular metal strips attached to Law in a knot, an electrically stimulating cover was placed on its surface; The method includes the following: A (providing a coiled and flexible valve metal network » and that network is as previously described and on a thin YL coil around an axis across the [old] LWD dimension of the pattern. b) Applying an electrocatalytic coating on the surface of the valve metal network which is wrapped; z for a roll-wrapped 00 mesh electrical conductor; So that the net can be spread out from the spool form and used as an electrolyte conductor. | , YY

: -v- This invention aims » in other important aspects of it. a great valvular metal mesh; . Expansion ¢ and a process for preparing a large expansion network A diamond-like unit of a large valvular metal network according to this: Figure 1 | . Invention 0 Figure 7: A transverse section of a highly expanded valve network, structurally shaped like a diamond; And it is welded with the network nodes. Z LWD is a current distributor across the dimension

Cal Figure ©: Enlarged view of a node in the network, especially showing the double stripe thickness: Detailed description: . niobium, zirconium, tantalum, titanium, the valvular metal grating is often made of 0 or BIS metals, and the valvular metal grating can also be made from alloys of these other metals, or from mixtures of them. Of interest in terms of hardness, corrosion resistance and availability is titanium. In the case of the expansion of the network from a sheet of metal, the metal enclosed in b. + 2 b}. The plate must always be hardened metal; And as a model for those hardened metals, it is an annealed titanium with low brittleness. And that side MnSen + 1 metal titanium grade Vo that ON the lower epiphysis is necessary in the preparation of the grid by stretching a sheet of metal because the sheet must elongate 70) / or more »; And that elongation is calculated at the usual temperature

Soa m, which is the seductive ratio of elongation according to its values in a slab whose length is 0 cm and is not less than 01, i.e. it is very brittle and is not less than 0578 cm. And metals with an elongation of less than

Chall can be ensured to be properly expanded into a useful network without fractures in the © . metal | VY

oe 0 | And it is useful - to improve the avoidance of breaking the strips - that the metal used for expansion should have an elongation of not less than about 4 and not exceeding 46 . Thus, OB metals such as aluminum cannot be divided or utilized to manufacture the network Ub y of this invention, as aluminum is not suitable because of its inability to resist JST. Also, with regard to useful metals, the hardening may be effective, for example, in the case of tantalum metal, where it is expected that the toughened plate will have an elongation of the level LY - 740 » Also, that metal becomes useless without hardening when preparing the metal grid, because Its elongation is in the range of ? Only 1/5. Moreover, the alloying may add to the fragility of the elemental metal, and therefore the appropriate alloys must be chosen accurately. For example OB palladium / titanium alloy available SLE 0 as a grade 7 alloy and contains 0.7 by weight palladium - its elongation at normal temperature is about Ye and it is expensive but it can be used especially in its form The hardener. In addition, the corrosion resistance we expect after hardening the alloy; Z must be taken into account when selecting each alloy separately. For example, OL + titanium grade 1, which is available commercially “contains 0.7 of iron” and with cells of 1 to obtain the best corrosion resistance, titanium grade 1 must be available in a form that contains less than Z, + by weight of iron. Generally, this metal containing less iron is preferred for many uses due to its improved ability to resist corrosion. After that, the metal mesh can be prepared directly from the selected metal. In order to obtain the best rigidity during the life of the expanded metal mesh, it is preferable that the mesh be expanded from a plate or roll of valved metal 7. However, the use of alternative networks to expanded metal networks has been studied. In these alternatives, metal strips can be corrugated, and individual cells such as honeycomb-like cells can be combined with the strips. And it is possible to take advantage of devices that slit or corrugate metals in the processing of metal strips, and self-resistance welding can also be used in the processing of a network 0 with a large section of cavities. And by means of the preferred technique of extension » a network of VY | can be produced

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Directly interconnected metal tapes. When a metal of appropriate elongation is chosen carefully and in an appropriate manner ¢ it is possible to supply a high performance mesh using this expansion technique without destroying any metal bands. In addition, «it is possible to modify some of the tensions in the extended network during its installation by making use of the hardened valved metals with || The required hardness and elongation properties. It helps in particular; When a surface protection of 0

Subject to an uneven or inconsistent shape using a net that does not have the ability to stretch. In general, a tensile strength of up to 100 rolls of titanium mesh grade 1 can be accommodated. Similar to those previously discussed in the model. In addition, it is possible to expect the resultant lattice's ability to fold in the general plane of the lattice around a fold diameter ranging from * to Yo, twice the width of the lattice. Wherever the lattice extends from the gall sheet, the thickness of the metal strips is z

The interlayer follows the thickness of the initial slab or roll. This SEL often ranges from about :

0 0 cm to about Y0 , + cm . And if a plate with an SOL of less than 0.05 p.m.

Having a more flexible material that is difficult to deal with. In order to save, CLL that exceeds z must be avoided

+ cm for the panels. The expansion process leads to overlapping of the nodes with the strips, which is 1.175 0

- Allows double squeezing of the tapes at the knot positions. Thus » the thickness of the knot ranges between 1 + 2 cm and YO + cm. Moreover, the nodes after expansion become completely or almost completely angular in private networks. This means that the level of the nodes during its thickness will be complete or almost complete as it is horizontal with respect to the horizontal level of the folded mesh roll. And if I take z

| It is the preferred valvular metal - bearing in mind the web weight often ranges from - piled x

About 0.05 kg / Tp to 0.5 kg / Tp of the network area. Although this range is based on titanium as a typical metal ¢ it may represent a useful range for valvular metals in general. It is well known that titanium is the least dense valvular metal. Cy

It is possible to calculate the extent of the valvular metal difference according to the specificity density and its relation to titanium. | kg / m for the mesh may not be 105 and referring again to titanium, the weight that is less than vo z wo

ee 0 is sufficient for efficient current distribution in enhanced cathodic protection. On the other hand, the OB weight exceeds V0 of the network, which becomes uneconomical for the required service from the network. Therefore, the network can be prepared by laying a sheet or roll of metal of suitable thickness and expansion modulus not less than 01 times ¢ and preferably at least 11 times o It is also possible to equip well-used networks with the expansion of a metal having a coefficient of up to To twice its original area y + in relation to a hardened valve metal with an elongation greater than 701 and an expansion coefficient On the other hand, an expansion coefficient less than 1: 01 may leave additional metal without helping in cathodic protection. That », the resulting expanded network must not be less than 0 the fringed section of it is 780 Glas for efficiency and savings in cathodic protection.It is more preferable that the expanded metal network have an Op section that constitutes 8 of it on BY and it may increase to 78 Or to 47 of them or more while still leaching enough metal and an economical distribution of the caterpillar With this hollow section, the metal strips can be connected at a group of nodes, which allows an abundance of current-carrying paths through the network, an effective distribution of the current through the network in the event of occurrence Possible damages in a number of tapes, as all, or any breakage, Us, as a result of installation or: use. p

And within the limits of the aforementioned elongation coefficient, this abundance is made available in the metal tapes in the form of a network of tapes that often intertwine continuously “estimated from about ov knots to about 0000 knots per square meter of the network” and if it exceeds 0080 knots Z 0 The network has become uneconomical, and if it decreases from 000 nodes, the network becomes deficient and insufficient for its required functions. Within the maximum weight limits of the “aforementioned” network, with reference to Cel, which ranges between 6 and 0.176 cm, it is expected that the width of the bars will be within the range of #0 cm - 1.7 cm. . In order to use cathodic protection, especially in z wv. z

-11-

Concrete Protection » It is expected that the total surface area of the interfacial metal is ly a

which includes the total surface area of the bands and knots) will cover a circumferential area'

von - 0 with the metal grid. And since that surface area is the total area of z

Determined by the four faces of a bar of square cross-section, it is evident that he is alive in the presence of | Of the grid area ¢, that grid can be armed with 150 sections with margins of up to 0

Surface is greater than 701 3 Usually, the area is defined here as "the surface area of a mineral" or "the surface area of a mineral". If the surface area of the metal is less than 101, then ; The resulting web becomes brittle enough to cause serious breakages in the strands. In contrast ; 13) The surface area was more than 0 5 7 for the metal » BL metal is available) without the occurrence of

| . Significant improvement in cathodoprotection 0

After the resulting net is stretched, it can be easily rolled into a hawney shape suitable for storage, transportation, or packing

Usage. As for the typical valve metal, which is titanium, coils with an inner diameter of more than 0 cm and an outer diameter of up to Vor cm can be prepared.

| cm. These coils can be conveniently equipped from the network when the latter is equipped in 0

10 lengths ranging from about 1 meter to about 0 meters, and it is preferable to reach 100 meters in width.

| kg » usually 01-50 and for titanium metal the weight of these coils is about j

It is under 20 kg so that it is easy to use »especially after coating »especially Cl

Synthesis process for cathodic prophylaxis. z

And in that highly expanded valvular metal network, a peristaltic BUT is formed in the form of ST,

| Ld is typical » with diamond-like openings. This diamond pattern will show 0 holes

Long track design 0 with a length ranging between 4 cm and between > cm and up to A cm »and on

Although 1870 is the longest its use has been contemplated; It also provides slots that have a design of 0

The path is short, ranging between 1 cm and 7.5 cm, and it may reach 4 cm. And in the use Jail ,

For cathodic protection in concrete, diamond dimensions LWD exceeding J 4 cm may lead to VY Z

\Y - - | Unnecessary breakage and unwanted loss of effort in tapes. SWD less than 1 cm may be approx. or; poison ; Uneconomical in the preferred application where an unnecessary amount of metal is required for the desired cathodic shielding. Returning now to Figure 1; It is a single diamond shape » of a slab containing z 0 many of those JEN shown generally at ? . The figure consists of ¥ strips connected to the yoke. Links ( Contract ) 4 . As shown in the figure »Formation of the strips? And connections 4 diamond hole with a long track design in a horizontal direction. And on the contrary; The shortest path in the design is in the vertical direction. When referring to the surface area of the interfacial metal strip 1 i.e., where that 0 surface area provides no less than 701 of the total measured area of expanded metal as previously discussed, “that surface area represents the total area around the strip ¥ and the joint; For example » in tape 7 with a square cross-section; The surface area of the strip becomes 0 z four times the area plotted on one side only, as shown in Figure . Thus Obs in Figure 1; Although the strips 7 and their joints 4 appear thin, they easily represent 01 - z 70 vo of the surface area of the entire measured area of the expanded metal. In Fig. ¢ It is the area confined between the strips CF Z and connections 8 b “diamond hole”. It is the space with two dimensions LWD and SWD x. For ease » it is called the “hollow section” based on that area with the area of the metal around As shown in Figure 1, and according to the aforementioned discussion, the mineral (Ca) as used here has a large hollow section, and although the figure drawn in the z-shape resembles a diamond, it is understood that other shapes can be used up to a larger hollow section. What can be the hexagonal shape or parallelogram. YY.

1 - z

Figure ¥ shows that several solitary diamonds 71 consist of single YY bands and yo-joints forming diamond-like openings. A row of diamonds 1 ? is attached to a strip of metal YY at 1 intersection Yo of the strips YY ; Where the tape, YY (gual), passed through the LWD dimension and the diamond pattern. : Group members are brought together by spot welding 4 ? so that each tape link is

single ( knot ) Yo ; Below strip 77, which is welded with OL Layers.

YE The welding used is electric resistance welding and this is simply spot welding »Pr economy »although similar welding technique »such as rotary welding can be used. a

This allows a stable connection of good electrical conductivity between tape 9 and the YY wires. However, it is possible to estimate the possibility of forming a flat structure of wires YY and links Y, as shown in particular by | shape? . As used here ¢ that term implies that large 0-dimensional panels of mesh may be in the form of a roll or reel to suit storage or handling but are easy to pack. FLAT OR FLAT STATE Any really flat shape is suitable for individual FR use on

Moreover, the ll links Yo become double, while the nearly flat shape or the flat shape of the network may have solid links. Z

| Double wired, S00. It can be seen that the nodes ev, by reference to the enlarged view in Figure 1, do not exceed about 176 C (T). Thus, the single wires have a mean depth or ska (27) cm. Z 0.7 10 It may be up to (W) as previously discussed » and the width of the face It is possible to paint the expanded metal mesh usefully.It is known that the mesh may be painted Z

Before being made in the form of a retina or as the fittings also indicate. Whether the grille is painted before or after

0 After manufacturing, the subject material can be useful to carry an active catalyst, thus forming og of the composition. And as one aspect of that usage » the subject matter can have , Sal

Catalytic casing leads to an anode installation. z

| YY

Cee Z and the metal may enter “and include the metal grid (all) 3 before the electrocatalytic plating process” in Z method or ST from the previous methods of treatment. And those methods may be simple; Like a simple rinsing process. The network often has oily impurities or other impurities on the surface that may have occurred during the expansion process. Thus OB proper pre-treatment purification 0 y 0 e often consists of a solvent degreasing process. This can be implemented using typical halocarbon solvents such as chlorinated or fluorinated solvents such as chlorotrifluro methane, methylene chloride and per ethylene chlori. Other pre-treatments of coiled metal meshes may also include other typical techniques such as beveling, drilling, grinding and sandblasting. In OB grinding, it is possible to melt the hard, crumbled sp 0 fine grains that are present with the rolled mesh at a high speed. In a typical catalysis process, Le uses a solution, J, of an inorganic acid, in contact with the metal grid, either by spraying or by deep immersion. In general, an aqueous solution of a strong inorganic acid such as chloric acid can be used with a concentration of 0 7 or more. It has also been suggested that double pre-processing techniques can be used. And those dual processes do not include those that use two different steps 1 for one process “only” such as using the spray and dip technique to remove grease, but also use simultaneous las such as washing or rinsing with scraping treatment. Where multiple pre-treatment processes are used; Such as removing grease and drilling. Intermediate steps may be used between each process, such as drying, rinsing, and the like. It is more appropriate to pre-treat the valvular mesh from typical expansion processes by degreasing ols » » Vf placed in a commercial degreasing apparatus ¢ containing a hydrocarbon solvent at boiling point ¢ such as perchlorethylene; Then make carving or drilling. This may include sculpture; contact with a concentrated aqueous chloric acid solution; By contact with the coating by dipping for yr minutes. And if the contact time is more than 0 minutes ol, this leads to a large and dangerous loss of metal during (des cod) and the rolled metal mesh is usually dipped in the sculpting solution for a period of not less than ei

: —\o-

minutes to make the metal surface rough enough to improve the adhesion and distribution of the paint. ,

Suitable chloric acid concentrations are in the range from about Te to about 771 .

The composition of the coating fluid used allows for electrochemically and chemically active coatings and is useful in light cases

Lightweight paint. And that lightweight paint or 'low loading' paint weighs in!

0 Often less than 0.6 g of platinum group metal per square meter of the material covered by the metal mesh. On the other hand, some coatings may be useful if they are found in an amount of less than 0 g of platinum per square meter of the material subject to the metal mesh.

The active electrochemical and chemical coatings are those that consist of platinum or one of the metals ie gas platinum, and they can also be represented by active oxides coatings such as metal oxide from the platinum group. or mixed metal oxide coatings, cobalt spinel, ferrite, and magnetite cal 00

The coatings were developed to be used as covering coatings in the electrochemical and chemical industries. And he has. Coatings of this kind are described “in general” in one or more US patents: a

No. 3715575 MOQ NCR ‎YYVATAC Rou Kyam. z

Mixed metal oxide coatings can often include “one of the oxides of a valve metal 1: with a metal oxide of Ae gost platinum that includes platinum palladium, rhodium, and ruthenium iridium, or mixtures thereof, or with other minerals. For reasons of economy, it is preferable to have a low-loading coating with a LiL gS catalyst like the one discovered in US Patent No.

04. z

It was suggested to apply the coatings on the rolled metal mesh by one of the means used in ‎| Liquid coating compositions for coating on the subject metal material. These methods include 0

Dipping, centrifuging, dipping and filtering. In addition, Col abd can use spraying and dual techniques such as dipping and filtering with spraying. With regard to the aforementioned coating compositions to provide an active electrolytic and chemical coating, the most useful process is the dipping and filtering of the rolled metal mesh. In this process, the roll is dipped in a bath of the composition:

| VV.

-11- Z coating so that the axis through the center of the roll space is actually at least parallel to the surface of the liquid coating composition. The roll can be partially or completely dipped in the coating composition. And during. z

Contact » It is preferable to rotate the roll around its central axis to obtain a uniform distribution of liquid paint over the subjected metal material. Wherever the metal coils to be coated are large; © In particular » this technique is preferred as only partial immersion of the wrapped web in the coating liquid is required with the subsequent rotation of the roll to allow the material under the web to be wetted by the coating composition. To improve this coating process, the roll may be dipped or rotated and then withdrawn from the coating liquid bath and dipped again and rotated or reversed (Wp old) and with that process. And repeating it, a complete coating of the wrapped network is obtained. In an alternative process, the center of the roll void may be standing, and in this way the roll is suspended and then partially or completely immersed, i.e. so that the entire web is immersed in the epithelial fluid. After any of the aforementioned coating methods, when the net is extracted from the coating liquid, the wet net can be filtered or subjected to another technique after coating, such as batch drying. Slay The typical conditions for electrocatalytic coating curing include curing temperatures from about To 0 C to about 00 C. Curing times may vary from only five minutes per ab dab to a full hour or more.” For example 0 longer periods of time may be allowed when several coatings are used. The coating process may be any process that may be used for the coating treatment over a subject metal material. Thus ALL of the oven ¢ including conduction ovens may be used. plus J) that; techniques can be used. Z infrared. It is best for the most economical atta ¢ to use dal z Y in an oven where the temperature aH is in the range of about 4500 dle about .e.m. And at those temperatures, the required time periods range from several minutes, ie 1-0 minutes, for each coating layer placed on the grid. z

It was found that the mesh coils are very stretchy » despite the lightness of Uy, but it is difficult to handle due to its sharp edges, which may cause a lot of risk to workers, and therefore OL packaging. The coating is useful in reducing the damage that the nets may cause to workers while using them. Dr

19- In order to facilitate manual handling while placing the net, for example, in the warehouse, or starting work on the next Jt z assembly with other elements, the paint packaging helps in the ease of handling. Whereas, this is desirable especially in cases that require a light-weight electro- and chemical-active coating since it will not interfere with the radiating resistance from the electroslag welding process; And so on ; The above-described 0 coating process can be used after the production of the mesh rolls, as the coated 353 can not only be used in the following operations, but will also be ready for circulation af in those operations. When coiled mesh is used it is often desirable to crt additional metal members in the mesh; After coating Sn . For example, metal current distribution members can be attached to the metal casting with the coated coil. Additional metal members can also be connected to the network after passing the coating process. Although the various techniques of splicing in z

All wire for assembling the coated roll with additional metal elements » had been studied + it was found that the use of electric resistance welding can be used efficiently. Thus, where the addition of additional metallic elements includes current-distributing members, they are used as strips that show above the spread network, and then locally fuse across the network at the node positions. Moreover » in that group 0 members can have current distributing members electrically low loading of the coating i: and electrical resistance welding can be used successfully in the preparation of those metal-coated groups even if the metals used for face-to-face contact welding are coated metals. After that, the current distributing member can be connected outside the center of the concrete to conduct current that is outside the concrete so that it does not require a coating. For example, “the current distributing member Z0 may be a rod extending through an opening to the bottom of the deck where the conductor of current is located” in the case of a concrete bridge deck. In this way, all the mechanical connections of the OB are made zo the concrete building after it is finished, and then it is easy to access when needed. z

And

1- It is possible to use the coated net to prevent corrosion, such as that which occurs in the surface of Calf ale = « easily. It is possible to roll a roll of the metal mesh of the large expansion valve, which is coated in a suitable electrical and chemical way; It is sometimes referred to simply as the 'elevator' above the surface of that roof or of a fitting below it; and thereafter; Means can be used to pin the grid over | Sub-installation » It may be any of those used to connect the metal grid above the concrete so that it does not cause a serious disturbance in the nature of the grid as an elevator. Non-conductive retaining organs ¢ are often useful. In order to save, these retaining organs can be made of plastic and in the form of a dowel or a screw. Polyvinyl halide or polyolefins may be useful, for example. These large retaining members, Ls, can be sheathed inside holes punched in the concrete. And those barriers may have 0, linked with a wire to the net under the head to hold the elevator in its position, as the barriers may be. Slotted to hold a wire from the net located directly above the perforated hole in the concrete. A conductive coating of ions is usually used to cover the elevator structure completely when the elevator is in its 1 position and when it is in contact with and adjacent to the sub-concrete structure by means of anchors | . custodial. This cladding also improves close contact between the elevator and the concrete structure

Cal Hy Portland cement JB It includes the ion-conductive coatings used in this. Polymer-modified and in typical operation, the elevator can be clad with approx. cm to about 7 cm of cement ; Portland or with liquid pulp modified concrete. and when a thin cladding is desired; The lift can be covered with about 1.5 cm to about ¥ cm of polymer modified concrete. The material subjected to the expanded valvular mesh provides an additional advantage as it acts as a metal reinforcing medium, thereby improving the mechanical properties and useful life of the cladding. It was suggested that the Calli of the metal mesh can be used with any of these materials and in any of these techniques VY Z

-?and 1-z

Known as JLB for the renovation and maintenance of concrete buildings such as bridges and columns

reinforcement and the like. | z

The following models illustrate the methods of using this invention, but they are not considered to be exclusive. +

Form 1z

° A grade 1 titanium perforated plate » 0 cm long, 001 cm wide, AAS thickness + mm (T) and elongation 4 YY per © cm is stretched at 18 °C. The plate has been expanded, which increases z

SOL of 1.0175 cm into a diamond shape. The molds that perforate the board also acted as formative molds to extend the cracks that were made in the diamond-shaped openings. I have used | The process is a punch in its entirety on one side to complete the design. Each diamond was 1 17 cm ¥, FA X LWD cm SWD. The coefficient of expansion was 18: 1, meaning that the plate | cm that had expanded during modularization to about 8 m, allowing a section of 0 length |p

hollow aly 740 . The final wire dimensions were AAS, + mm AVE X(T) mm | Blow / minute without breaking the wires. And the weight of YY, and the expansion occurred at the rate of . (W)

Finished expanded titanium was 1.7 kg / w in ad grid, as was the surface area z

The actual metal (for wires and knots) YY m" per square meter of the extruded net. Then the net, which reached a length of 70.5 m, was easily stored as it was circulated in a coil structure. A z-distributor was welded

local current with one end of an expanded piece of titanium » taken from a straightened mesh; Its dimensions were cm. FAX cm. The fitting was then degreased in a steam over

Chlorine call, then sculpted in 70% by weight of chlorine acid solution for 0 minutes, then washed with water and dried with steam. Then the composition was coated with mixed oxides of titanium.

And rutinium, the percentage of rutinium was 0.78 gm per square meter. And the elevators that are equipped with those. .. . +

The method was subjected to life acceleration tests at a high current BUS in a CS flash

(one gram per liter). An anode has failed at 2,000,000 (Ve XP) mA. ,

(ma) per square meter » after 0,0 V » an elevator failed at (Vex) Vong z

2 z (mA) | / m" after AY an hour under those conditions. And by using the known ratios between the teller's density and the life span of the anode, these results could be mathematically generalized to the life expectancy over z over 700 years and at BUS operation current Up to 1,000 m/m for the metallic surface area of expanded titanium. After that, an elevator equipped as previously described was placed on top of a chloride-doped concrete spur, and then a coating of .© mm thickness of Portland cement was placed over it. Another Flt elevator was placed on top of the chloride-doped lp MP, and then a 50 mm LAL coating of . Portland cement. Another inclined elevator was placed on top of oo chloride-doped concrete, then a SEL / 7 mm liquid modified concrete ll cladding was placed over it. Both buildings were examined by eye to obtain the required bonding between cement and concrete for the first building and between concrete and liquid-modified concrete oll for the second building. ! Model Y A grade 1 titanium non-perforated file has been extended » with a width of 11 4 cm, a length of 1.15 Gare ve ; mm », and an elongation of 74 (74) for a plate 0 cm thicker than 0175 cm) Co at a temperature of 64 °C »> has a diamond pattern according to the aforementioned method in Model 1. Z The dimensions of each diamond unit in the pattern are 1.57 cm Y, ¥A X LWD cm SWD. Z and the coefficient of expansion was 1: YY, meaning that a 1.65-meter-long test plate was expanded during the profiling process to about 46.97 cp, which provided a hollow section of 97 . The dimensions of the finished wire were 1.715 mm VEX mm. The expansion occurred at a rate of 7700 strokes/min without breaking the wires. The weight of the beveled expanded titanium was 1,117 kg | Yo of the resulting network and the actual mineral surface area (wires and knots) was 11 Yo per square meter of the resulting network. z y y z

1 z The expanded metal coming out through the expansion device could be easily rolled into a roller. + The circumference of the resulting reel was about 70 cm from the empty inner area, while the total outer circumference was about 4660 cm. The weight of the reel was 111.8 kg, and titanium wires were used to prevent the reel from being straightened during the next operation. Z oo A reinforcing rod was passed through the empty central area of the pulley, then the rod was extended behind the pulley at each edge so that the lines were connected with each edge »then it was used by means of a lifting device. By means of this combined support rod the reel could be lowered into the defibrillator'! Which contains solvent per chloroethylene in the boiling state and the spool has remained in the upper steam area for about 10 minutes. Then, using the backing rod assembly again, the degreased spool was immersed in a 70 wt. aqueous solution of chlorine acid for 10 minutes ¢ and this solution was kept at 0 m. After that sculptural process, the roller was removed from the sculpting solution and washed with water for 1 minute, then dried with steam for 700 minutes. With the support rod assembly again ¢ the reel was dipped in a bath of coating solution to obtain an active electro-chemical coating over the reel. The coating solution + vo| similar to the solution used in that bath is under US Patent No. CYATY EAA, Form 1. Since that depth of the coating solution was less than the diameter of the roller, the roller was rotated to expose the entire roll to the coating solution. In addition, the roller was lifted from the solution, then rotated a little around the abutment rod, then re-dipped in the coating solution, and then fabricated again through the solution. 0 After the final extraction of the coating solution, the roller was shaken in a light manual way, then it remained on top of the coating solution reservoir for 0 © minutes to allow the coating solution that was kept in the corners to drain from the diamond-shaped units and to allow the roll to dry as well. The pulley was continued to be placed on its supporting rod device, and then entered into a conductive oven by means of this. consolidation The reel was continued through the oven for 4 minutes with the wire grate facing Z

VY

YY - ~ for the empty central region of the reel has reached a temperature of about 800 °C. And when extracted. From the oven » The reel was connected again for 4 minutes by passing through the oven. After passing through ca, the roller was allowed to cool, then it was straightened after that, and it was found that it did not contain any broken wires or adjacent wires attached to the paint as a result of the drying processes, and thus it could be completely straightened with ease. And when analyzing the rollers coated in this way, “where those rollers were straightened and then parts were cut from them for analysis,” it was found that the coating may be from mixed oxides of titanium and ruthenium, as the content of ruthenium was to g / m. The paint was found sufficiently distributed (Jo) of the grid so that the randomly selected areas, for analysis, showed a desirable degree of coating. Its performance has improved enough to be used in cathodic protection such as the protection of steel supporting concrete, and the coating and drying processes that used the mesh in the rolled Ltn were evaluated as highly desirable to provide a coated network used in these elevators. vo mesh class 1 composition titanium grade 1 roll width 5 cm length 001 - vo meter weight 111 kg / 001 m2 diamond dimensions V1 cm X LWD 7, 1 cm SWD resistance 117.8 (Usb cm width) oan + ohms / meter resistance crosswise with: current distributor + ohms / l z bending radius (folding) all cm z vo bending radius In the network level meter | y! Wwe oo |

i.d. network class 1 | Y Composition Titanium Grade 1 Z Coil Width 7 cm Length 001 - Vo m 0 ° Weight 1 kg / 1 m Diamond Dimensions 1 cm T, ¥ X LWD cm SWD Z Longitudinal resistance 177 (width cm) 07 ohm / meter: crosswise resistance with current distributor 1 ohm / A z bending radius (folding) cm 0 bending radius in the grid plane 0 meters z and when using the coated metal grid in cathodic protection; Such as preventing corrosion in reinforced concrete » The network is connected with a current-carrying member. Mostly, that member is made of valvular metal, and it is preferable that it be made of the same metal alloy. Or the metal mixture 1 of which most of the expanded valvular metal lattice is composed. Also, that member 0 distributing the current, Gt, must be strongly with the metal grid. One of the preferred methods of securing the member to the grid forcefully is welding, such as spot welding. In addition, the welding can be carried out through the casing. Thus, it is possible to place a coated tape that distributes the current over a coated network, so that the coated surfaces come into contact with each other, and then welding begins easily. And it is possible to fuse the tape with the network at each node, thus providing a uniform distribution of current, including. It is usually sufficient for that tape member that distributes the current, which is placed along a piece of the network at distances of #0 meters, to work as a distributor for the current on that piece. z del

Claims (1)

B- Elements of Protection 1 1 — Metal mesh for a valve with a coil for use » after removing the coil » as a Z electrode for electro-chemical processes » The metal mesh of the valve contains a pattern of voids in the shape of a diamond having design dimensions of a long path and design dimensions of a short path Z; For the special units of the model » The voids model is determined by a sequence of metal strands 0 of the valve connected to each other when the Jody contract is applied on its surface by an electrochemical and chemical active coating; 4 Where the metal valve grille is flexible and extensible and where Bll is the strands '! 1 | is less than NYO cm and has voids part Ma about 7860 and the network is flexible A with a coil around the axis along the length after the long-track design of the units of model Z A and it is expandable when the coil is removed around 01 length after design with 0 the short path of the model units and be able (gl) in the general surface of the grid about 11 z radius th at a rate of 0 neighborhood yo times the width of the grid so that the z file is removed 1" The aforementioned cathode net on the support surface on which the net may be laid is 1" effective cathode design. 1? - Pole network lib of protection element 1 » where the said network contains . Y is part of the space around AY right 957 . 1 © electrode grid Gb of protection element 1 » where the said valve metal Je T has an elongation at a rate of mel 71 46 /. 1 4 - Gb pole grid for protection element 1 » where the valve metal for Z 1 " in the grid is selected from a group consisting of titanium, zirconium tantalum and niobium," and their alloys and alloy mixtures. z 1 * - electrode grid lib of protection 8 where said valve metal is iv. L, z and titanium consisting of Ae gost is an annealed and non-alloyed metal selected from 7 1 . niobium, zirconium, and tantalum | Y where the weight of the valve metal web » 1 of the protective element libs pole grid - + 1 Sad 7 and between about 6 ; henna about 0,. kg of metal per oe mentioned grate. - . E | Where the network extends from a coil or plate of “1 pole grid according to the element of protection - 1 7’ steel steel valve with a part ranging between 1: 10 em about TN A \ - pole grid according to the element Protection 1 ¢ Where the Glos strands of the net range from “about vie cm right about VY cm and their width ranges from about 0.66 z | . cm 0 cm > about Y | Nodes twice from SLD “+where 1 is for protection element Gb pole grid - 4 1 | The thickness of the braid shall be placed on an actual vertical surface (BY) without angles on the horizontal surface of the grid mentioned in the design without a file. | Where the aforementioned network has half a z » 1 Bled pole network according to the element - 1 01 | Y. Approximately >= 0 Diameter B 3 The general surface of the metal s Rate ranges from about Y | . Network width 6 4 Y Cas consisting of an extended network with 1 Gb for the protection element 1 11-1 pole network Continuous strands connected at several nodes by providing a large number of paths to 1 Carrying current through the network. Z Z A 11 1 | - A pole network according to protection element 1 » consists of an extended network with a continuous network of Jad connected at several nodes by providing a large number of current-carrying paths through the network. , a model of Jd where it is presented » 1 pole network according to the element of protection - 11 1 voids and a continuous network of strands intertwined by between Yorn 300s nodes for each safe 1 b network. A pole grid according to the element of protection (0) where the interlocking metal strands - 1 0 1 form perforations in the shape of diamonds with a long path design dimension ranging in diameter from Z about ; cm Gm about 4 cm and a short path design dimension ranging from From about Y ¢ cm live about ¢ cm : ,. Where the mentioned file contains » 1 for the protection element Ub pole network - 141 | . | spe Noe YF as - 101 1 | pole according to claim 1 » where the total surface area Y of the metal strands of the valve and their connection is not less than 01 and not more than about AX ,. From the surface area of the Y Load network The coating contains oo) a pole grid according to the protection element - 1111 | | . metal oxide or platinum electrolytically and chemically on a metal of the Y group f 17 - - 17 1 | - electrode grid according to the protection element VT, where the aforementioned coating contains Y of vio 0 grams of catalyst metal per m' of the grid. 1 A - Electrode grid according to EN protection The coating “bad” electrochemically contains at least one oxide selected from a group consisting of spinel oxide Y, cobalt, ferrite, magnetite and metal oxide from the platinum ¢ range. z z z 141 - electrode grid of claim 1 + wherein the electro-chemical basal coating contains a mixed crystalline substance of at least one oxide of ¥ valve and at least one oxide of platinum 4s gest . 0 1 - Gib pole grid for the protection element 1) where the steel is titanium z ¥ and the coating Ladi is electrostatic and chemically a mixed crystalline substance consisting of titanium oxide and ruthenium oxide. Z 1 1 | — using Gb grid for any of the previous protection elements s design without ile on a support surface; In the form of Ck XY - the network Uy is used for the element of protection 71, where the request of a “z” member includes a distributor of the valve metal that is metallicly linked to the strands of the said network to distribute the current to the mentioned network oy. VY: va - Yo 1 | — A method for manufacturing a metal mesh for a valve 65 (coil for use » where Bn is removed, the coil as an electrode for electrochemical processes of the type that includes a metal mesh, º, provided with a pattern of diamond-shaped voids with dimensions Design with a long path (plea) YF; and the dimensions of a short path design for modeling units » The model identifies voids z 0 with a sequence of thin metal strands of the valve intertwined at the dial and bears on its surface 1 electrolytic coating » The method includes: EA 1) Flexible metal mesh for a valve having a coil with a cl of less than 176 cm z A | and a void fraction of at least 90 Je » The said mesh is lengthened along its direction A after the short-path model of the model And it has a coil around the axis of length | |. It is shown by the long-path dimension of the model 0 | S95 electrode on the surface of the metal grid of the valve, where as Sb is placed (vy 1 | to present a flexible coated grid electrode in enclosing file; and the Y grid ale can be removed | . The coil from the grid is of the coil design for use as pole AY | als, the returned grating bas where » Yo Method according to the claim — 4 1 Y | liquid Mb compound presenting a catalytic coating Mb A) 4 SUAS less than about ° and ¥ g Made of platinum group metal and the base layer of the metal mesh. 1 77 - The method according to the claim Yo, where the said paint is placed on Gib | . Dipping the net 3 coating compound and rotating the net while dipping it in the aforementioned compound Y | Where the file is placed in the network provided (Yo) method according to the protection element - YA) | Feed of expanded metal mesh obtained by stretching a plate or coil of “Y” hard metal by means of an expansion factor of at least 11 : 1 amy 80/at least of the void fraction. | ! 1 d ~Ya- YY | - The method according to the claim YO, where the aforementioned coating is applied by dipping the mesh in a coating composition and rotating the mesh while it is dipped in the said composition. z | Where the file is placed in the network provided (Yo) for the protection element, Gb, the method - YA | From expanded metal mesh obtained by stretching a plate or file from Cale Y solid metal by means of an expansion factor of at least 01 : 1 ems 80 / at. z less than the empty fraction. | where is the weight of the grating ¢ Yo of the protector Gb ?? Method 1 For the valve no more than about 0 kg Tel | It also includes the step of preparing the network in “Yo” for the security element “Gb” method - © 1 Pole image By removing the coil from the metal mesh of the supplied design coil YF and welding the current distribution member tall of the valve with the electrode of the metal mesh is not removed | file from .f 0 1 1 - The method according to the element of protection YA where Jott is a limiting current distributor member | At least one surface is coated with old electrocatalyst on its surface and Ob for the Y valve pe TF distributor member with the surface coated of the valve's metal grille at connection points ; Braids of the steel mesh electrode of the valve. a