SA520420206B1 - Borehole Cross-Section Steering - Google Patents

Abstract

A drill bit forming a borehole in the earth may be urged sideways, creating a curve in the borehole, by a cross-sectional shape of the borehole. For example, a borehole with a cross-sectional shape comprising two circular arcs of distinct radii, one larger and one smaller than a gauge of the drill bit, may push the drill bit away from the smaller circular arc and into the larger circular arc. Forming a borehole with such circular arcs may be accomplished by extending a cutting element from a side of the drill bit for only a portion of a full rotation of the drill bit. The radii and angular ranges occupied by these circular arcs may be adjusted by altering the timing of extension and retraction of the extendable cutting element. Fig. 1.

Description

Borehole Cross-Section Steering Full Description Background of the invention When exploring or extracting underground resources; such as oil, gas” or thermal energy; In similar attempts; It is common for drilling holes to form in the ground. These drill holes can be formed by cracking the earth with a rotating drill bit that can loosen hard underground material. With continued rotation, the drill hole may elongate and the drill bit may be placed at the end of a drill line. Gla may be desirable to change the direction of movement of a drill bit from a path it would normally take in the ground forming the borehole. This may be to direct them to valuable resources or away from obstructions; Or just to prevent the drill bit from deviating from its path. A variety of mechanisms have been developed to provide this guidance. Many drill bit routing mechanisms require pushing against an inner surface of a drilled hole. 0 One such mechanism involves pushing the inner wall of a drill hole with an extensible slab diagonally. This thrust may move the bit laterally to the inner wall against the pad. Sarg Timing of screed extension in coordination with drill bit rotation for consistent guidance. Often this thrust requires large amounts of energy to expend down the hole drilling. Also; The amount of power required may increase as the desired bore hole radius decreases. and then; It may be useful to use a means of creating a curved bore hole; Especially the ff curved drill 5 comprising a relatively small curvature radius with less energy expended down the hole drill and longer tool life. The felt can be stretched by hydraulic pressure in a press. An energy atypical piston may slip that can transfer energy between fluid pressure and mechanical motion. For example; in drive; Energy can be transferred in the form of a gas expanding inside a cylinder to a piston, causing it to slide. in a pump This function can be reversed by depressing the fluid piston nozzle at J of a cylinder.

in some cases; It may be tempting to specify the maximum distance; It is defined as the "stroke length" that a piston in a cylinder can travel. This may be done in a variety of ways. For example; US Patent No. 9,085,941 by Hall, et al. describes a bolt that can be inserted into a passage in a press. while the piston travels; The trail may touch the screw to dampen further translational motion of the piston. The screw can be designed to allow the piston to travel a certain distance. Other devices may not only specify the stroke length of a piston but also allow adjustment of that stroke length. US Patent No. 7,409,901 by Lucas, et al. describes how the Bot's piston stroke length can be adjusted through various mechanical means; And from that; For example; by modifying a flywheel; cams»; or links. While 0 these means can achieve their specified functions; Adjusting the piston stroke length with simpler operations may be useful. In Figure 1, a model of a drill bit 110 suspended from a drill rig 112 is shown by the line 114. While a drill rig is shown on land; Marine structures are also commonly used. This drilling line can be composed of a group of parts of drill pipes bolted together at their ends, or it can be; in other models; Use of flexible tubes. With the drill bit rotated 110; Either from a 112 drill turret or a motorized down the hole 5 drill bit; It may drill and cut an aquifer 116 to form a hole 118 drilled through it. The drilling fluid can be passed along the drillline 114 and expelled at the drill bit 110 to cool and lubricate the drill bit 110 as well as carry loose chips to the surface of the drill hole 118 through an annular space surrounding the drill line 114. Sometimes it may be desirable to make measurements or perform various certain tasks in a hole Drill and hold 0 to drill. It is believed that certain measurements and functions are most effective when they are made or performed as close as possible to a drill line or on the bit itself. However; These drill bits often experience a great deal of wear and tear while drilling due to the harsh conditions that prevail while drilling. Worn or damaged drill bits often need replacements which can be costly and time consuming. Equipping drill bits with tools to make measurements or perform jobs can add significantly to the cost and complexity of replacement 5.

One of the more complex aspects of tooling this drill bit is the provision of a Glad contact mechanism across the connection between the bit and the drill line. These connections are typically made by threading a drill bit into a drilling line in an often sloppy and overheated drilling operation. Under these various circumstances it is difficult to ascertain the final positions; whether rotational or axial; of the drill bit relative to the drilling line. Any communication mechanism that crosses this link must be robust and effective, regardless of direction.

Another feature that adds to the complexity of equipping a drill bit with gauges is the externally threaded projections and internally threaded recesses that are commonly formed on either side of the joint. In particular; Passing contacts into a cavity can be difficult as access may be restricted by space constraints. and then; It may be useful to provide the drill bit with automated presence gauges capable of passing connections through a joint

0 .from drill line to drill bit independently of specified direction of rotation with access to daly threaded bore. GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION One of the mechanisms for controlling the direction of movement of a drill bit during the formation of a drill hole through the ground may be by giving the drill hole the shape of a cross section that pushes the drill bit to the side. Many can be saved

5 Power in this way while the propulsion is by the borehole; Not a digging tool. A side-by-side push-button Dol bore may be of a cross-section shape with two circular arcs; One with a diameter greater than the radius and one with a radius smaller than the diameter of a drilling tool passing through the drill hole. The drilling tool can be pushed away from the smaller circular arc Mg the open space provided by the larger circular arc. This lateral thrust may add a curve to the borehole with a center of curvature closer to the circular arc

0 is the largest compared to the smaller circular arc. It may occupy both of these brackets; While they are centered on a common axis for the drill hole, Blas Ugh, distinct around this axis. The sharpness of the curve acquired by the drill bit with its formation may depend on the relative radii and the angular sizes of the two circular arcs. and then; The drill bit can be precisely oriented

By changing these relative angular radii and sizes and the directions of rotation of the two circular arcs in a different position along the bore hole. These two circular arcs can be formed by rotating a drilling tool eal Vl bore a hole in the ground and then extending a cutting element from the side of the drilling tool during only gia of its rotation. While quenching this cutting element can remove additional ground material from the inner surface of the drill hole to form the first circular arc. And during

clouds; A second circular arc can be created. by adjusting the relative radii; The angular sizes and directions of rotation of these two circular arcs may be achieved by forming the bore hole to guide the drilling tool by adjusting the timing of the tide and draw. A steerable downhole tool can adjust the direction of movement of the drill bit while drilling in the ground

0 by extending the rod from the holes in the side of the tool. The rod may slide in a cavity, cutting the width of the tool, passing from one opening to another and extending from the different openings at various times. The rod may loosen material from the inner surface of a drill hole by which the drill bit is moved by slashing the surface by means of exposed cutting elements on opposite ends of the rod. Then the installer can do; protruding from the ald side) by pushing the drill hole wall lie the solvation zone to push the drill bit into the solvated zone.

5 for example; While the tool is rotating in the gall hole, the rod can be extended from a first hole. extends the penis; The tool can be rotated around its axis to loosen a portion of the drilled hole. after a certain amount of rotation; approximately half of the ALIS cycle in some models; The rod can be pulled to a neutral position in the tool. The tool can continue to rotate until a second hole is adjacent to the area where the penis was first extended. at this point; The rod can be extended from the hole Sang All by rotating the tool

0 about another full half-turn to continue loosing the same area. in another form; The drill bit can be rotated to form a drill hole through the ground. This drill bit may include dnd cutting elements capable of dads subsurface material; protruding outside the body. These fixed cutting elements can be spaced at a fixed radius from the axis of rotation of the body to initially form a cylindrical drill hole.

The Load body may include at least one rotatable cutting element protruding from the outside. To remove earth material from the inner wall of the pall bore the rotatable cutting element may be placed in a first rotational direction where it can extend diagonally beyond the fixed radius of the fixed cutting elements. To stop the removal of material from the wall of the tall hole the rotatable cutting element may be placed in a second rotational direction where it can remain diagonally within the fixed radius.

The rotation of the rotatable cutting element can be synchronized with the rotation of the drill bit to provide consistent ally at specific angle sections of the drill hole. by varying the material clearance in these corner sections; Different cross-sectional shapes can be formed by QE drilling. specially; The drill bit may be fitted with a smaller inside radius in some angled locations May push the drill bit laterally in angled locations

0 others have a larger inner radius for guiding the drill bit. in another form; A device may include a pivot body; Like a drill body or a screwdriver. It may be possible to extend one or SST of the extendable cutting elements in a single diagonal direction outward from the body while the body rotates inside the borehole. Extending the cutting elements may allow them to dislodge and shatter an inner wall of the borehole. by timing these extensions; Cross-section shapes can be created

Aide 5 can be loaded with a corrosion-resistant dashboard that protrudes from the outer part of the body; on the drill hole wall without quickly wearing out the measuring plate or greatly damaging the drill hole. Loading on the borehole wall having the cross-sectional shape described above may push the body diagonally. The stroke length of the piston can be determined by a rod passed through a hole in the piston; which limits movement

0 piston” and changed by adjusting the rod. in some embodiments; The rod may have an outer, non-cylindrical geometry that may interact with the inner gall of the piston through a hole. The radius of this non-cylindrical outer geometry may vary along an axial length of the rod or around its circumference. Adjusting the penis may by, for example, pivoting or rotating; To change the point of contact between the outer geometry of the penis and the inside of the interstitial gap through

Set possible stroke lengths. alternately; The interstitial cavity may have a unique geometry in which the rod can move diagonally to adjust the stroke length of the piston. The drill bit assembly may include a body; Separate from the drill bit and located inside the drill bit cavity. The drill string may be clamped in the drill clamp and the body retained within the bore. may include

The body has two pairs of interchangeable surfaces; A first pair placed between the body and the excavation line, and a second pair placed between the body daily. The two interchangeable surfaces in the first pair are lila shaped and fixed together independently of the direction of rotation. The two interchangeable surfaces of the second pair, lhe, are fixed in a specified rotational direction. These pairs of interfacing surfaces may allow the exchange of different types of signals; Jie electrical, hydraulic, optical or electromagnetic signals; For example;

0 and pass it through the metal body or to electronic devices placed on the chassis. These electronic devices may be located on the outside of the hull and contain at least one pressure chamber formed between the outside of the hull and the inside of the drill bit. In such a configuration the hardware can be removed from a drill bit and inserted into a gal (and thus sold) used; When the drill bit is worn out or damaged.

5 A down-the-hole drill assembly may include a small tool wedged between a drill risk and a drill bit. This small tool may include a cavity formed in it (Sag) and a structure is placed within the cavity. A Wad drill bit may have a cavity formed in it and an expander may be placed within this cavity. This expander may contact the bit at the base of this cavity and extend to two inches from the mouth of the bore.This extender may allow access of various types of connections into the bore of the drill bit.

Several pairs of interfacing surfaces may allow communication (such as passing electrical, hydraulic, optical, or electromagnetic signals) between these different elements. One pair of interchange surfaces may be allowed; between the drilling line and the structure; contact regardless of the direction of relative rotation. A further two pairs of interchange surfaces may be required; One is between the chassis and the expander and the other is between the expander daily The drill has a specific rotation direction for the connection.

The first pair of interchange surfaces may allow contact regardless of the direction of rotation. However; The expander may allow access to the inside of the drill bit's bore. Inclusion may allow the measurements to be taken or the functions to be performed on the drill bit. Brief explanation of the drawings Figure 1 is a vertical view of the z model of the dad gn drilling process. Figure 2 is a perspective view of a model drill bit at the end of a line. Figures 3-1 through 3-4 are cross-section figures of drill tool patterns found in non-circular boreholes. Figures 4 - 1 through 4 - 4 are cross-section figures in additional models of 0 drill tools located in non-circular boreholes. Figure 5 is a vertical view of a non-circular borehole model. Figures 6 and 7 are perspective and longitudinal sections; Respectively; For down-the-hole steerable drill bit models. Fig. 8 is a longitudinal sectional profile of a downhole steerable drill pipe section model 5 incorporating an interchangeable anchor. Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional profile in a downhole steerable tool model incorporating a locking mechanism. Figures 9-1 and 9-2 are vertical views of sliding rod models with various geometries. 0 Figures 1-10 through 4-10 are vertical views in drill bit models of pall holes where each represents a step in a method of guiding a tool down the hole.

Fig. 11 gle of a sectional view of a piston model so arranged as to slide in a hollow cylinder and a rod passing through an interstitial recess in the piston; to restrict his run. Figures 12-1 and 12-2 are sectional views of model presses that have adjustable rods running through them that can change the stroke restrictions of each piston. Figure 3-12 is a perspective view of a rod model of the type shown in Figures 1-12 and Figures 12-2.

Figures 1-13 and 2-13 are sectional views of additional models of presses that have adjustable rods running through them. Figure 3-13 is a perspective figure in a rod model of the type shown in Figures 13-1 and Figures 13-2. Figure 14 is a vertical view of another piston and rod combination embodiment.

0 FIGURE 15 is a perspective view of a model drill bit that could be part of a core drilling operation. Figures 16-1 and 16-2 are vertical views of drill bit models incorporating a rotatable cutting element” shown as Se ¢ in different directions of rotation. Figures 17-1 and 17-2 are vertical views of rotatable cutting element models

5 different rotation directions. Figures 18-1 and 18-2 are perspective figures of drill bit models incorporating a rotatable cutting element that can be rotated with a torque generating device incorporating a rack-and-pinion design. Figures 19-1 and 19-2 are perspective figures of models of a rotatable cutting element that can be rotated by a torque-alge device incorporating a worm gear design.

0 Figs. 1-20 and 2-20 are perspective figures on models of a rotatable cutting element that can be rotated by a torque alge device; He can come into contact with an external formation; and restrained by a restraining device.

— 0 1 — Figure 1 2 is a vertical view in z-model of multiple rotatable cutting elements that can all be rotated by a single torque modulator. Figure 22 is a perspective view of a model drill bit that may have been part of a core drilling operation. Figure 23 is a longitudinal sectional profile of another drill bit model.

Figure 1-24 is a perspective view of a piston model incorporating a Lal supermaterial plate. Figure 2-4 is a perspective view of a z-piston model with a set of cutting elements. Figures 1-25 and 3-25 are perspective figures on drill bit models incorporating cutting elements that can be extended via hinged arm rotation. Figure 2-25 is a perspective figure in the z-arm model

0 articulated. Figures 1-26 and 3-26 are perspective figures of drill bit models incorporating cutting elements that can be extended through the rotation of a cylindrical circuit. Figure 2-6 is a perspective view of a cylindrical circuit model. Fig. 27 is a longitudinal sectional profile of a drill bit embodiment incorporating an extendable pusher pad 5 located opposite the extendable cutting elements. Figures 1-28 through 3-28 are perspective figures on sample pads. Figures 4-28 and 28-5 are perspective figures on sample abrasion resistant devices. Figure 29 is a perspective view of another drill bit model. Figure 30 is a perspective figure in a fixed form. 0 Figure 31 is a perspective view of a model drill bit assembly. Figure 32 is a perspective view of a disassembled drill bit assembly.

— 1 1 —

Figure 1-32 is a perspective figure in interchangeable plate form.

Fig. 33 is a longitudinal sectional profile of a model drill bit assembly.

Figures 34-1 and 34-2 are perspective figures in structure models.

Fig. 35 is a longitudinal sectional profile in a model of a downhole drill assembly that may be part of a

Figures 36-1 and 36-2 are perspective figures in additional models of downhole assemblies

the pit.

Fig. 37 is a perspective figure in the model of a pair of rotationally independent Jalal interfaces.

Fig. 38 is a perspective figure in the model of a pair of rotationally independent Jalal interfaces. 0 Detailed Description:

Referring now to the figures » Figure 2 shows a model of the 210 drill bit held at the end of a drill line

4 It may have formed as part of a core drilling operation of the type just shown. A group may stand out from a group

of Slat 220 of drill bit 210 distributed around its spindle. May include both

The blades 220 has a set of fixed cutters 221 attached to it that can loosen soil materials. With the drill bit turning 210; These incisors may create 221 hollow holes (dish) in the ground. And he has

This drill hole has an initial radius defined by the space between the fixed cutters 221 and a pivot

Drill bit rotation 210.

And at least one cutting element 222” capable of ground clearance may be extendable from one side

210 drill bit (or other down-the-hole tool in alternate models). The 0-extendable cutting element 222 may scrape the soil material away from the inner wall of a borehole formed initially by the fixed cutters 221. At

Duration; An expandable cutting element may enlarge 222 borehole radii from its initial size; in

certain regions.

Figure 1-3 shows a sample drill bit 1-310 found in a rectangular hollow hole 1-318 formed in the ground 1-316. The drill hole 1-318 may have a central axis 1-335 running through it and a cross-section profile formed in a plane perpendicular to the axis 1-335. The set of fixed cutters 1-321 (capable of drilling 1-316) may be placed on the drill bit 1-310.

Distribute these fixed cutters 1-321 around the axis 1-335 to initially create a cylindrical drill hole of constant radius as the drill bit 1-310 rotates. (Sarg) An extendable cutting element 1-322 can be extended from the side of the drill bit 1-310 to increase this initial drill hole radius by removing additional soil material from an inner wall of the drill hole 1-318. This extendable cutting element 1-322 can be extended to a section of a full turn of the drill bit 1-310) before being pulled out so that only this larger drill hole radius

0 in the drill hole angle range 1-318. Through this mechanism bore hole 318-1 may acquire a cross-section shape comprising two different circular arcs, each with a unique radius. In particular; The first round bracket may include 1-330; centered on axis 1-335; has first radius 331-1<while a second circular arc 332-1" centered on the same axis (335-1) may have a second radius 333-1; smaller than the first radius 331-1.

5 Figure 2-3 shows a drill tool model 2-310 found in a non-circular drill hole 2-318; Similar to Figure 1-3. The 310-2 drilling tool may have a cross-section of radius 2-334 smaller than the first radius 331-1 (shown in FIG. 1-3) formed by extending the 322-1 extendable cutting element. The 334-2 radius of section may also be The cross-section of the drilling tool 2-310 is greater than the second radius 1-333 in Figure 1-3 made by the fixed cutters 1-321 of the bit

0 gravure 1-310. It may not actually fit the 2-310 drill bit; Drill hole formed exclusively by fixed cutters 1-321 without the magnification produced by extendable cutting element 1-322. This sizing mismatch may result continuously and with little energy from the 310-2 rig; Push the Drill Tool 2-310 sideways (as indicated by the arrow 2-340) with the smaller second radius 1-3 pushing the Drill Tool 2-310 into the space created by the larger first radius 1-331.

Well as a result of this difference in size; Drilling tool 2-310 may contact the Wala wall of drill hole 318- 2 generally at points 2-336 and 2-337 of the cross-section shown. These two points 2-336« 2-337 may lie on the second smaller radius 1-333. Generally limiting contact to two points may reduce friction between the drill bit 2-310 and the drill bit 2-318.

Figure 3-3 shows a drill bit model 3-310 found in a non-circular drill hole 3-318. in this form; The range of sly is the first 3-338 occupied by the first circular bracket 3-330; be part of the 318-3 bore hole cross-section profile; Larger than a second angle range 339-3 is occupied by a second circular arc 332-3. The relative dimensions of these first and second zigzag bands 3-339 (338-3) can be determined and modified by changing the timing of the extension and retraction of an extendable cutting element as shown for Figure

0 1-3 Figure 4-3 shows another example of a 4-310 drilling tool found in a 4-318 non-circular drill hole. in this form; The first and second angle ranges are 338-4« 339-4; occupied by first and second round brackets 330-4 332-4; More flattering in relative size than the bands shown on earlier models. With the size of the second angular band 4-339 reduced relative to the first angular band 4-338; 5 The lateral thrust (as indicated by arrow 4-340) may be reduced for the drill bit 4-318 versus the drill bit 4-310 as well. and then; The rate of orientation of a drill bit as it forms a hole in the ground can be controlled by changing the timing of the extension and retraction of the extendable cutting elements. Figures 4-1 and 4-2 show a single borehole model 418-1 at various positions along its length. in first position along borehole length 1-418; shown in Figure 1-4; A cross-section of drill bits 1-418 may include a first circular arc 1-430 located in the direction of a first rotation. in this direction; A drilling tool 1-410 [in borehole 1-418 Ao) as shown by arrow 1-435) can be pushed toward the first circular arc 1-430. In a second position along the length of borehole 1-418 (shown in Figure 4-2) The orientation of the first circular arc 2-430 may be rotated relative to the first circular arc 1-430 shown in Figure 1-4 (as indicated by arrow 2-450). -418 for the 1-410-way drilling tool

different (as indicated by arrow 2-435). and then; By adjusting the direction of rotation of the circular arcs of the al hole, the drilling tool can be pushed in various azimuthal directions. Figures 4-3 and 4-4 show an example of a single borehole 3-418 at various positions along its length. In a first position along the length of borehole 3-418 shown in FIG. 3-4 the cross-section may include a first circular arc 3-430 having a first radius 3-440. A drilling tool 3-410 located in drillhole 3-418 (as indicated by arrow 3-435) can be pushed into the first circular arc 3-430._ in a second position along the length of drillhole 3-418; Shown in Figure 4-4 The radius of 4-440 first circular arc 4-430 can be enlarged relative to the half of hi 3-440 first circular arc 3-430 shown in Figure 3-4. Resizing Radius 4-440 0 in this way may result in routing the drill hole 3-418 at a narrower curvature radius. Figure 5 shows an example of a section in a rectangular borehole 518 component in an underground formation. This borehole 518 may have an axis 544 running through it and a cross-section shape incorporating the first and second circular arcs 530; 532 with two radii centered on axis 544. These first and second round arcs 530 can be modified; 532 relative to each other in both diagonals; 5 the angular size and direction of rotation during this drilling so that they differ at various points along the length of the drill hole L518 by adjusting the first and second circular arcs 530; 532 These two continue with digging; Borehole 518 may consist of multiple curves along its axis 544. These various curves may have unique radii of curvature on the basis of the relative dimensions of the first and second circular arcs 530 » 532 and the lateral thrust forces generated by this. For example; 0 may include first tester 540 for borehole 518; bends towards the first circular arc 530; on the first radius of curvature 541. The size of this first radius of curvature 541 may depend on the relative radii and angular sizes of the first and second circular arcs 530; 532. If the first bend radius 541 does not change the direction of the drill bit 518 with the desired speed; Miia The relative dimensions of the first and second circular arcs can be changed ¢530 532; This leads to an increase in thrust. For example; in a second curve 542 for the drill hole 518; The angular size of the circular arc can be reduced

The first 530 Lai the angular size of the second circular arc 532 may be enlarged. Thus a second radius of curvature 543 in the second arc 542 may be smaller than the radius of the first curvature 541 resulting in a faster change of direction. Figure 6 shows a model 612 drill bit that can loosen the soil; at the clayey to form a hole drilled through it. The 612 drill bit can be attached to the 620 end of a drill line (not shown) that runs the length of this drill hole. Opposite to the set end 620 the drill bit 612 may have a notching end 1 having a set of blades 622 protruding from it. These (Jha) 622 can generally be distributed around the circumference of the notch end 621 and wrap from the notch end 621 on the side 623 of the drill bit 612. A set of hard cutting elements 626 can be installed in each of the 0 blades 622 to aid in the loosening of soil solids. Side 623 may extend from clamping end 620 to opposite notch end 621 and have a 4 hole in it. The tip might be 625; which has additional cutting elements 627 affixed to it; Sols to extend from inside hole 624 to loosen a specific section of adjacent drill hole wall (not shown) surrounding drill bit 612. Stabilizer 628 may protrude; axially distant from slot 624; From side 623. 5 This Fastener 628 may include hardened gauge elements 629 designed to push the borehole wall all the way through without wearing out. with the loosening of the incisive elements 627 of the end 625 of a section in the wall; As explained Lad above; The stabilizer 628 may push the borehole wall into the loosened section; As will be described below. Figure 7 shows another example of the 712 drill bit. The 712 drill bit includes a set of 0 737 threads that are located on the 720 terminator and provide a mechanism for locking into a drill line (not shown). The 712 drill bit also has a 738 thread through it; Connecting ails allows drilling along a drill line to exit from notch end 721 of drill bit 712; Through Craters 739 there are Baha's to assist in drilling.

A first hole 724 may be connected on side 723 of drill bit 712 with a second hole 734 (opposite to first hole 724) with a rectangular bore 730 passed through drill bit 712. Cutting elements 726 (725) may be attached extendable from first hole 724 and second hole 734 respectively; In a common rail 731 sliding in a recess 730 With a sliding rail 731 in a recess 730 the cutting elements 726 (725) can be extended or withdrawn from their slots.

The cutting elements 726 (725) are in two opposite ends of the same rod 731. When one of them is extended, the other contracts. In the pattern shown, the rod 731 is located between the tip of the dail 721, the excavation 712, and the bulge 740 in the channel 738 Cua, from which the orifices 739 separate. It may result Extending or retracting the cutting elements 726 (725) on the introduction of a pressurized fluid that may push

0 rod 731 for sliding into bore 730. In the form shown; The compressed fluid in a first channel 732 may force the rod 731 to extend from the first hole 724. Thereafter; The pressurized fluid in a second channel 733 may force the rod 731 back to a neutral position in the bore 730. In some embodiments; such as the model shown; At least one spring 735 Wad may push rod 731 toward the neutral position. Then the pressurized fluid in the second channel 733 may push the rod 731

5 to extend from the second hole 734. One of the reasons for fixing the cutting elements 726 (725) to the rod 731 may be to maintain a generally constant bore width while drilling. Also, it is believed that the exact position of the cutting elements 726 (725) in relation to the rest of the drill bit 712 may be important in maintaining a constant bore hole width.

0 opposite of rod 731 further apart than opposite fasteners 728 protruding from side 723 of drill bit 712. The same retainers 728 may be placed farther from each other than the notch end width 721 of drill bit 712 so that it is not plated so that the cutting elements 726 (725) Too much looseness of material.In such a design, the cutting elements 725 726 may remain exposed at all times, with the degree of water of an adjacent borehole wall (not shown) surrounding

5 with drill bit 712.

Figure 8 shows an example of another downhole steerable tool; In this case the drill pipe section. The drill pipe section includes a main body 812 that can pivot 841 and has a first end 820 opposite a second end 821. The first and second ends 820 821 may include bolts for connection to other elements. Side 823 may extend between the first and second sides

820; 821. This side 823 may have two holes 824 834 in it leading to a bore 830 passing through the body 812. The rod 831 may be so fitted as to allow it to slide into the bore 830. The rod 831 and bore 830 may be placed in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation 841. In the embodiment shown ; Rod 831 physically intersects the axis of rotation 841 of Body 812; Although this is not a Log pa

Rod 831 may include spindle 842 surrounded by a sleeve bearing 843. Rod 831 Lad may include replaceable caps 845 (844) affixed to opposite ends of spindle 842. In the embodiment shown replaceable caps 844;845 are affixed to a post Swivel 842 via bolt;however a variety of other couplings can be used as well.Coating 844;845 may be replaceable to allow quick replacement if worn or damaged.

(Say 5) Bolt fixing body 846 to base body 820 to base body 812. This anchor body 846 may have anchor body 828 protruding diagonally from it. Neg bolting anchor body 846 to base body 812 with screws Stabilizer 828 may pivot axially away from Hole 824 Main body 812. In this position, the anchor 828 may push into the wall of the drill hole (not shown) when the rod 831 is extended from opposite hole 834. In this bolt-on design, it can

0 The stabilizer body 846 is interchangeable with similar bodies to allow quick adjustment of the size of the stabilizer; Or just a replacement if worn or damaged. Figure 9 shows an AT model of a down-the-hole steerable tool comprising rod 931, bore 930 offset from spindle 941, and body 912 of the tool. in this form; The La includes a 950 locking mechanism located in the 912 body. While a variety of

5 designs; The 950 locking mechanism shown includes a 951 latch that moves relative to

of rod 931. When moved toward rod 931) a point of convergence of the latch 951 may engage with a coupling geometry in rod 931 Yl to drive rod 931 to a neutral position in bore 930 and finally to lock rod 931 into position from bore 930. When moved away of rod 931: the bolt 951 may release the rod 931 so that it can slide freely back into the bore 930. The composition of bolt 951 and rod 931 is found to be of different materials;

Each of them is characterized by unique qualities; Wear may reduce friction during locking, allowing for easy release. Latch 951 can be actuated by adjusting the pressure of the fluids in the various chambers surrounding Latch 951. (Sarg) Filling these chambers with the same pressurized fluid used to push rod 931 into extension or retraction. For example, in the embodiment shown, a chamber can be pressurized

0 first 952 at generally constant pressure. In the absence of any forces (AT) this constant pressure generally pushes the bolt 9 51 on the rod 31 9 to hold it in place. However, when the second chamber 9 53 or the third chamber 9 54 is filled with pressurized fluid, the constant pressure generally within The first compartment 9 52 can be beat to push the latch 9 51 away from the rod 9 31 and release it from locking.

5 Rod 9 31 to slide axially in one direction into the second compartment 9 53 while the pressurized fluid directed to push the rod 9 31 to slide axially in the opposite direction to the third compartment 9 54 can be fed, and so on in such a configuration; The rod 9 31 may be pivotally fixed so that the fluid is sent to propel it in either direction” and then it can be opened and free to slide. Figures 9-1 and 9-2 display the sample rails 931-1 and 931-2 that include

0 Geometric shapes with different cross-sections. The geometries of the cross-sections of Rails 931-2-1-931 may be non-cylindrical and may be coupled with matching bores to brake the rotation of Rails 931-1-931 with respect to their respective bores. This condition can bring the cutting elements 2-925 (1-925” (1-925) of JS Rails 1-931” 2-931) into alignment with the rotation of their tools.

Figures 1-10 show up to 10-4 different steps to enable guidance down the mound with the sides of the previously described models. specially; Figure 10-1 shows the initial position of the Steering Gear 1012-1 that has the Slide Bar 1031-1 located in it. in this form; Rod 1-1031 is placed in a neutral position inside tool 1-1012. with tool rotation from 2 to 1012; As shown in Figure 10-2; About a central axis (ld) Rod 2-1031 slides in one direction along its length so that it extends to one side of the tool 2-1012. Extending this rod 1031-2 may connect a first cutting element 2-1025 to the rod 2-1031 to dismantle and loosen a wall Drillhole 2-1011 surrounding tool 2-1012. This Lad may push fixture 2-1028 against first cutting element 2-1025 against the wall of drillhole 2-1011 which pushes tool 0 all the way 2-1012 in the direction of Resolving After being rotated on its axis generally by 180 degrees (other angles are also expected), as shown in Figure 10-3, rod 3-1031 may be drawn to the neutral position within its tool 3-1012. From this position; A second cutting element 4-1026; as shown in Figure 4-10 mounted on rod 4-1031; can be extended opposite to a first cutting element 4-1025; from Gila 5 Tool 4-1012 to loosen the borehole wall 1011-4 while The tool 1012-4 is generally rotated by another 0° in a manner similar to previously shown; a different fastener 1028-4 is pushed towards the looping area. From here the method may be repeated from the beginning. Figure 11 shows an example of the piston 1110 slided into a hollow cylinder 1111 formed In block 1112. Direction arrow 1113 shows the potential movement of this piston 1110 of which 0 can be aligned with central axis 1117 of piston 11 10. Piston 1110 and cylinder 1111 can combine to form a volume 1114 capable of containing a fluid. Gasket 1115 may surround the piston 1110 and keep fluids within volume 1114 from leaking between piston 1110 and cylinder 1111. An increase in fluid pressure within volume 1114 may cause the piston 1110 to slide out of cylinder 1111. Conversely; Low fluid pressure 5 may cause the piston 1110 to retract into the cylinder 1111.

The piston 1110 may have an interstitial gap 1116 running through it. in the form shown; pass a gap

through piston 1116 diagonally through piston 1110; vertically and touching the central axis 1117

for Piston 1110; Although other arrangements are also possible.

Rod 1118 may extend on hollow cylinder 1111 from side to side; attached to the inner walls of cylinder 1111 at its two opposite ends. This 1118 rod can also be placed vertically on

The central axis 1117 of the piston 1110 is similar to the interstitial gap 1116; arg across the gap

Interstitial 1116. By extending through the interstitial gap 1116 and fixing to opposite sides of the

cylinder 1111; The rod 1118 may restrict the axial movement of the piston 1110.

The internal dimensions of the interstitial gap 1116 may be greater than the external dimensions of the rod 1118) which allows the piston 1110 to move a certain distance before being bound by the rod 1118. The distance you may specify

The piston can cut it 1110 before contacting the rod 1118 lengths

stroke 1119 of the piston 1110. Further; The cross-section may include the interstitial vacuole

6 shaped generally rectangular elongated in the direction 1113 of the piston track 1110.

5 A solenoid 1120) or other type of control device may adjust the position of this rod 1118 or other type of control device 1118 and may alter the stroke length specified 1119. These adjustments may provide advantages

such as the distribution of impact wear between rod 1118 and interstitial gap 1116. This may include

The 1120 solenoid has one wire electrically conductive with at least 1121 wound in a coil. If done

Passing an electric current through this wire 1121 may produce a magnetic field that may act on materials

specific rod 1118 components. Examples of other types of control devices capable of 0 adjustment of rod position include; which may replace the solenoid in cal models hydraulic pump

and a ball screw. It is believed that these alternative controllers may provide additional precision without additional complexity.

Figures 1-12 and 12=2 show examples of the adjustable rods 1-1218 1-2 1218 that may

Variation of related stroke lengths 1219-1; 2-1219 for related pistons

1210 1 2-1210. These modifications may be made possible by your unique geometries

Rails 1-1218 2-1218. on dag select; Each of these rods 1218-1 2-8 may have an outer, non-cylindrical geometry that may offset the inner part by the interstitial gap 1-6” 1216-2 of its related piston 1210-1” 2-1210 at various points depending on the position of the rods 1 -1218 2-1218.

Figure 3-12 shows an embodiment of the rod 3-1218 with SKE having a non-cylindrical outer geometry with a radius of 3-1222; spaced off center pivot 3-1223 of rod 3-1218; It varies in length by an axial length of rod 1218-3. While a variety of diagonal variations are to be expected; For simplicity, this model has two fairly stable diagonal sections; A first section 1224-3 contains a relatively smaller radius circle and a second section 1225-3 includes a half circle

0 diameter is relatively larger. The current model also includes a slanted transition generally between these two largely fixed diagonal sections. In Figure 12-1,; Linear solenoid 1220-1 holds related rod 1218- Al in a withdrawn position such that first section 1-1224 may extend from it; It houses a comparatively smaller radius to the interstitial gap 1-1216 in the piston 1-1210. Because the relatively smaller first section 1-1224 only 5 will touch inside the interstitial gap 1-1216; The piston 1-1210 may have a relatively larger potential stroke length 1-1219 before adhering to the rod contact 1-1218. In Figure 2-12 the linear solenoid 12 20-2 axially ejects the related rod 2-8 to a relatively extended position such that the Loaf can extend a second section 2-1225 from it; It has a relatively larger radius to the LDA 1-1216 hole than the 1-1210 piston; Plus 0 to a relatively smaller first partition 2-1224. Likewise with the possibility that this second, relatively larger section 1225-2 will come into contact with the inside of the interstitial gap 1216-2; The piston 2-1210 may have a relatively shorter potential stroke length 2-1219 due to a change in the contact location with the rod 2-1218. Figures 1-13 and 13-2 of adjustable rod models (gal 1-1318 2-1318) show that the stroke lengths 1-1319 2-1319 of the related pistons 1-1310 2-1310 may be changed by

different mechanism. These adjustments may be made available in the Wad stroke length by means of the rails 1318- 11 2-1318 which incorporate non-cylindrical external geometries. However; In this oz Sail the outer geometries of the bars 1-1318 1-2 1318 may vary around their circumference. For example (Jal). Figure 3-13 shows an example of a 3-1318 rod that includes half

Qatar 1322-3; spaced off center pivot 3-1323 of rod 3-1318; It varies in length around the circumference of the 3-1318 rod. While a wide variety of diagonal variations can be used; Again for simplicity; the model includes a flat surface 1330-3 parallel to the central axis 1323-3 of rod 3-1318 and perpendicular to the radius of rod 3-1318.

0 in Figure 1-13; A rotating solenoid 1-1320 locates the relevant rod 1318-1 in a rotary manner so that a flat surface 1-1330 of it faces the direction 1-1313 of the movement of the piston 1-1310. and when this flat surface 1330-1 forms a shorter distance from a central axis 1323-1 of rod 1-1318 to an outer geometry aie compared to other parts of rod 1318-1; The piston 1310-1 may have a relatively larger potential stroke length than the 1319-1 while the rod

5 1318-1 in this rotating position. in Figure 2-13; A rotating solenoid 2-1320 may rotate the related rod 2-1318 so that the flat surface 2-1330 is facing at right angles generally to the direction of the 2-1313's movement of the piston. In this position, the stroke length 1319- 2 may be reduced as the rod 1318- 2 may constrict the piston 1310-2 faster. While two positions (hd

0 at right angles to each other about a central axis of the rod; Any variety of angle positions between these two ends can provide the BAG with a partial restrictor allowing variable control of stroke length. The interstitial cavities in the models discussed thus far are generally rectangular in cross-section. However other forms can be expected as well. For example (Jaa) Fig. 14 shows a piston model 1410 having an interstitial gap 1416 passing through it. This interstitial gap 1416 may include

A cross-section shape having a generally triangular section 1440 and a knot section 1441. A rod 1418 passing through the interstitial gap 1416 may restrain the movement of the piston 1410 when it comes in contact with the inside of the interstitial gap 1416. In the pattern shown; The rod can move 1418 diagonal movements; or a movement perpendicular to a central axis 1417 of the piston 1410. Adjusting the rod 1418 in this way may cause (sale) to be positioned with respect to the interstitial gap 1416. Specifically; The radial movement of the rod 1418 in section ang Abd 1440 of the interstitial gap 1416 may change the internal width 2. It extends in a direction parallel to the central axis 1417 of the piston 1410; in rod position 1418. Changing the width 1442 of this interstitial gap 1416 may give the piston 1410 a different stroke length. 0 in addition; The node section 1441 of the interstitial vacuole 1416 may have an internal width 3 substantially identical to an external dimension of rod 1418 in the same orientation. If rod 1418 moves to node section 1441; The stroke length of the 1419 piston 1410 can be reduced to zero to effectively lock the piston 1410 in position. Figure 15 shows a sample 1510 drill bit that may be part of a core drilling operation. 5 Drill bit 1510 may include a generally cylindrical body 1520 that can be rotated around a central axis 1521 of it. at one end; Body 1520 may include AT clamp 1522) shown in the present order as a series of bolts. The clamping mechanism may clamp drill bit 1510 in a coupling device located at the far end of the drill line (not shown). Opposite the cul mechanism 1522; body 1520 may comprise a group of blades 1523 extending diagonally and longitudinally 0 from it; arranged around axis 1521 body 1520. Each such blade 1523 may comprise a leading edge with a set of fixed cutting elements 4 protruding from it. Each of the fixed cutting elements may include This 1524 on a section of super-hard material (ie sale having a Vickers hardness test number exceeding 40 GPa) mounted in BS) the outrigger can be made of material that can be firmly fixed to the body 1520. By rotating the 5 drill bit 1510; The super hard material in each fixed 1524 cutting element may disassemble

And loosening the sale hard soil. (Sang) Space each of the fixed cutting elements 1524 with a fixed radius relative to the axis 1521 of the body 1520 to form a Mase cylindrical drill hole In addition to the fixed cutting elements 1524; the rotatable cutting element 1525 may also protrude from outside of the body 1520. An element may include Rotatable Cutting Element 1525 Wad on eda of super hard material fixed to a substrate similar in some aspects to Stationary Cutting Element 1524. An exposed surface of Rotatable Cutting Element 1525 may have a 3D geometry incorporating some of this super hard material. Depending on the direction of its rotation the exposed geometry may disintegrate an inner wall of the borehole and remove the bale material from it.Removing this material may change the ad radius of the borehole in some areas.The amount of bale may be changed by rotating 0 rotatable cutting element 1525 in relation to the 1520 body. An example 1610-1 drill bit that can pivot 1621-1 is shown in Figure 1-16. The 1610-1 drill bit has a set of fixed cutting elements 1624-1 exposed on leading edges of the 1623-1 set of blades. At least one of the stator elements 1624-1 furthest from the axis 1621-1 may be any of the group; 5-piece element for scale 1-1634. The distance from the 1-1621 axis to the cutting element of the 1-1634 scale may specify this initial 1-1630 radius of a drill hole with the 1-1610 drill bit rotated. A rotatable cutting element 1625-1 may also protrude from an outer surface of drill bit 1610-1 in relative approximation to the cutting element of 1634-1. vs. Fixed Piece Elements 1-1624; Rotatable cutting element 1625-1 may be able to rotate with respect to drill bit 1610-0 1 around its axis 1631-1. An exposed portion of this rotatable cutting element 1625-1 may comprise a three-dimensional geometry including a displaced distal end 1632-1. The exposed geometry may also include an inclined surface 1633-1 that may extend from the offset distal end 1632-1 towards a proximal base.

The unique aspects of this exposed 3D geometry may allow it to extend diagonally over an initial radius of 1-1630 in the direction of a first rotation as shown. In this first rotation direction an inclined surface 1633-1 may be located in a position generally aligned parallel to the front face of the cutting element of the 1634-1 measure. This alignment is believed to perform; in some subterranean formations; to a smoother extension of the distal end offset 1-1632. Also in this first rotation direction a dike surface 1-1633 may exist in a general dag alignment with respect to the initial radius 1-1630. When the tide is done in this way; The offset distal end may cut 1-1632 radius 1-1635 extended into the borehole by removing additional soil material from the inner wall of the borehole. Removing material from this inner wall may alter the inner radius of the bore hole; At least in the gly section of it. This extended radius 1-1635 can be confined to specific angle sections located around the perimeter of the borehole by intentionally controlling the rotation of the rotatable cutting element 1-1625 to intentionally create non-cylindrical cross-sectional shapes. Figure 16-2 shows an AT model of drill bit 21610) identical in many respects to the model shown in Fig. 16-1. In this embodiment, however, the rotatable cutting element 1625-2 5 protruding from an outer surface of the drill-2 can be rotated 1610 in a second direction of rotation.In this second direction of rotation a three-dimensional geometry may remain exposed in rotatable cutting element 1625-2 at an initial radius 1630-2 bounded by a cutting element of measurement 1634-2 at its outermost point.specifically in the direction of rotation The second such an inclined surface 1633-2 in the exposed geometry generally may be located in a position tangentially aligned with respect to the initial radius 1630-2 such that it may smoothly avoid 0 inner wall of a borehole without removing material from it. 1625 synchronously with the rotation of the drill bit 1610-2, so that a certain rotation direction of the drill bit 1610-2 matches a certain rotation direction of the rotatable cutting element 2-1625, then a fixed cross-sectional shape of the drill hole can be formed.Various models of this synchronous rotation may include Rotates the 1625-2-2 rotating cutting element 5 in full successive cycles or wiggles the Glad back and forth. in addition to; or in the form of

substitute; The rotary cutting element 1625-2 may be extended and retracted more frequently to reduce the possibility of sticking

2-1610 drill bit for wall hole drilling.

Figures 17-1 and 17-2 show the 1725-1 and 1725-2 rotating cutting element models.

From an outer surface of the bit drill 1-1710 2-1 1710 in a position relatively close to a fixed cutting element of gauge 1-1734; 2-1734; Wad protrudes from the outer surface. as opposed to the cutting element

for scale 1-1734 2-1734; This rotatable cutting element may be 1-1725 2-1725

-1731 1-1731 on rotation; For the drill bit 1-1710 2-1710 around its axis Hol

2. This rotatable cutting element 1-1725 2-1725 ohn may include

flat distant surface dag 1733-1 1733-2.

0 in the direction of the first rotation of the rotatable cutting element 1-1725; As shown in FIG. 17-1 the exposed portion may extend diagonally more than an initial radius 1-1730 determined by the position of the cutting element of measurement 1-1734. in the direction of a second turn; As shown in Figure 2-17; Rotatable cutting element 2-1725 can be rotated around its axis 2-1731 so that the exposed part may remain at initial radius 2-1730.

5 Figures 18-1 and 18-2 show 1810-1 drill bit models; 1810-2 includes a rotary cutting element 1825-1 2-1825 protruding from its outer surface. The rotatable cutting element 1-1825 2-1825 can be actively rotated by a torque generating device 1-1850 2-1850. (Sag) Powering this torque generating device with any variety of known transducers that can convert electric, hydraulic or other energy into linear or circular motion, such as

solenoid turbine piston or something. Depending on the type of transducer chosen; The torque generator may be suitable for external full cycle continuous control; rotary vibration; Persistence in a certain position, etc. This torque generator 1-1850 2-1850 can be connected to the rotatable cutting element 1-1825 2-1825 via a gear set. in the form shown; Generator included

For torque 1-1850 2-1850 axially on a movable toothed gear 1-1851 2-1851 axially. The teeth of this pinion 1851-1 1851-2 may mesh with the teeth of pinion 1852-1” 2-1852 mounted in the rotatable cutting element 1825-1 1825-2. and from cal with pinion movement 1-1851 2-1851; The pinion 1-1852 2-1852 may turn the rotatable cutting element 1-1825 2-1825. Specifically as shown in Figure 18-1) 1-3 moves the torque generator 1850-1 the toothed gear 1851-1 outward along its axis; the pinion 1854-1 turns the pinion 1852-1 the rotatable cutting element 1825-1 to an extended position; Through a measuring cutting element 1-1834 diagonally.As shown in Figure 2-18;when 2-3 the torque generator 2-1850 moves the toothed gear 2-1851 inward;turns the 2-1854 0 pinion 2-1852 adjustable cutting To rotate 1825-2 to a retracted position; diagonally in a fixed-measure cutting element 1834-2. This arrangement can be reversed in alternative embodiments. Figures 19-1 and 2-19 show rotatable cutting element models 1925-1 1925-2 that can be rotated with an alge device of torque 1-1940 2-1940. In these models, the torque generating device 1-1940 2-1940 is connected to the rotatable cutting element 1-1925 2-1925 via a Lull 5 worm design. (ald) shape The device may include Torque 1-1940 2-1940 on a worm gear 1-1941 2-1941 can be rotated The teeth of this worm gear 1941- 1 2-1941 may mesh with the teeth of the worm gear 1-1942 1-1942 is fixed to the rotatable cutting element 1- Hence, with the worm gear 1-1941 2-1 turning, the worm gear 1-1942 2-1942 may also rotate the rotatable cutting element 1-1925 2-1925. 0 specifically, as shown in Figure 19-1; When the torque generator 1940-1 turns the worm gear 1941-1 in first direction; 1-1944 turns the worm gear 1-1942 rotatable cutting element 1-1925 to an extended position. As shown in Figure 19-2; When 2-3 the torque generator 1940-2 turns the worm gear 1941-2 in a second direction; The 1944-2 turns the worm gear 1942-2 the rotatable cutting element 1925-2 to a retracted position. 5 This arrangement can be reversed in alternative models.

Figures 20-1 and 20-2 show models of a rotatable cutting element 2025-1 2025 that can be rotated with a torque generator 1-2040 2-2040. in these models; The torque generating device 1-2040 2-2040 wraps around the circumference of the rotatable cutting element 1-2025 2-2025 and includes a geometry that can protrude from a drill bit and is engaged with an external configuration that may advance

drill bit through it. And through this interlock; Rotation or advance of the drill bit through a formation may rotate this torque generating device 1-2040 2-2040 of the rotatable cutting element 2025- 1« 1-2025. 1-2044 The rotatable cutting element 1-2025 shown in fig.

0 2-2071 in Rotatable Cutting Element 2-2025. during interlock; This 2-0 braking device may rotate rotatable cutting element 1-2025 and prevent it 2-2044 from freely rotating. Figure 21 shows an example of a number of rotatable cutting elements 2125-1, 2125-2, and 2125-3 that can all be rotated with a single 2140 torque generator. Similar in some respects

5 for the torque generator shown in Figures 19-1 195-2 This torque generator 2140 may include a worm gear 2141 with teeth that rotate around it. However in this form; Multiple Rotary Cutting Elements 1-2125 2-2125 and 3-2125 may each have a worm gear 1-2142; 2142-2 and 2142-3 are unique; Respectively; connected to it. The teeth of each of these worm gears 1-2142 2-142 and 3-2142 may mesh with the teeth of worm gear 2141

0 so that when the torque generator 2140 turns the worm gear 2141 the rotatable cutting elements 2125-1 2125-2 and 2125-3 may rotate at the same time. As it turns out; Each of the rotatable cutting elements may extend 1-2125; 2-2125 and 3-2125 away from the torque generator 2140; They protrude from the outside of the 2110 drill bit at different angles diagonally without interfering with each other. Laing A worm gear system is shown; Alternative models may include arrangements

5 Others comprising multiple rotatable cutting elements connected to a single torque generator.

Figure 22 shows a sample drill bit 2210 that may have formed as part of a core drilling operation. Although any of a variety of drill bit types may be effective with the new items described in the present application (eg rotary cone bits; impregnated diamond bits and combinations thereof); The drill bit model 2210 shown includes a set of blades 2220 protruding from its end arranged around its axis of rotation 2221. In the embodiment shown, a set of blades 2220 is generally aligned with the spindle axis 2221; However in other embodiments the blades may spiral around the circumference of the drill bit. There may be a set of 2222 trim elements; which can dissolve ll solid; on each of the 2220 blades. If this 2210 drill bit is rotated in an in-ground formation; These 2222 cutting elements normally form a generally cylindrical drill hole of constant radius. 0 May 2210 Waal Drill Bit Include Bolt-On Coupling 2223; It has a series of screws located in a (concealed) recess; They are located at opposite end of a set of blades 2220. Additional cutting elements 2224 may be extendable in a diagonal direction generally from the outside of drill bit 2210. Extension of these cutting elements 2224 may cause them to engage with a bore wall (other than 5 shown) that can move from through which the drill bit 2210 scrapes soil material away from the bore hole wall at certain points around its circumference. This abrasion may cause the drill hole shape to deviate generally away from the cylindrical shape that was initially achieved by the 2222 cutting elements securely fixed to the 2210 drill bit. For example; If cutting elements 2224 are extended during gia only from a full turn of drill bit 2210; The drill hole mie can then form a new cross-section comprising 0 halves of two different diameters; an initial radius formed with fixed cutting elements 2222 and a radius of Se formed with extendable cutting elements 2224. While any of a variety of cutting element types can be used in Extension; The present embodiment embodies a rotatable type of Silas cutting element in some respects to those shown in US Patent No. 7,703,559 of Shen et al.

in the form shown; The 2224 Extendable Cutting Elements are mounted in an exposed end of the 2226 plunger that can be extended or retracted by hydraulic pressure. While a single piston is shown in the current embodiment; In various GAT embodiments a combination of extendable cutting elements may be used; each fitted to its own unique piston; similar in some respects to those shown in Figure 2a of US Pat. No. 8,763,726 of Johnson et al. Abrasion Gauge Pad 2228 protrudes from the outside of drill bit 2210 and is located axially adjacent to the extendable cutting elements 2224. In the embodiment shown only one Abrasion Gauge Pad 2228 is shown aligned in the same diagonal direction; however in other embodiments there may be combinations of Abrasive Gauge Pads 2228 For abrasives in a variety of locations around the circumference of an object. For example; in some embodiments each set of blades may include a pad of its size 0. In this sald of size 2228 the drill bit 2210 may have a cross-sectional radius between the two halves of the drill hole discussed above; greater than the smaller radius formed by the rigid 2222 cutting elements but smaller than the larger radius formed by the 2224 expandable cutting elements. In fact, the radius of this 2228 gauge pad may not be suitable for passing through a drill hole composed exclusively of 5 cutting elements solid 2222 without enlargement by the 2224 extendable cutting elements. Mismatches in size like this continually.” A little energy expended by the 2210 drill bit can push the dail ial 2210 sideways when the smaller radius pushes the 2210 into the space component by the largest radius. for abrasion resistance” In order to prevent wear from rubbing against the wall of the pallet hole ¢ Pad 2228 may have one or more large Pins 2229 embedded in it. These large 2229 bolts can be composed of ultra-hard materials (ie materials with a Vickers hardness test number greater than 40 GPa). Large cylindrical screws are generally shown in the present model; However abst also use large screws of a variety of shapes and sizes; ag can be arranged in a variety of patterns.

Axially adjacent Extendable Cutting Elements 2224, Pad 2228 Gauge, Second Cutting Element and Third Cutting Element 2227 may be rigidly mounted outside of Drill Bit 2210. Second Cutting Element 2225 may rest axially adjacent to Extendable Cutting Elements 2224 against Gauge Pad 2228 while Third Cutting Element 2227 may rest axially next to the measuring pad 2228 against the 5 extensible cutting elements 2224. In the pattern shown; The elements of the second and third segments 2227 (2225) are indicated

In case of alignment with the same diagonal direction; In other embodiments, however, similar cutting elements may be located in a variety of locations around the circumference of a body. The third cutting element 2227 may effectively adjust the drill hole created by the extendable cutting elements 2224 or caused by the “ST” diameter making the drill hole generally cylindrical again. While the current form appears

0 is a single 2227 third bit; In other models a group of cutting elements may perform this adjustment function. Figure 23 shows another example of the 2310 drill bit incorporating extendable cutting elements 2324; Abrasion Resistant Measuring Pad 2328; and a second and third cutting element 2327 (2325). Gauge pad 2328 All appears off the axis of rotation 2321 of drill bit 2310. This tilt is believed to be in

sald 15 gauge 2328 may help dal] push the borehole wall of drill bit 2310 to the side while avoiding rapid wear due to friction. As Lia can see from this angle; While the distance from the spindle 2321 to the extendable cutting elements 2324 is variable; The distances to the gauge pad 2328 and the second and third cutting elements 2325« 2327 can be fixed. In this fixed arrangement; The 2328 gauge pad may protrude further from the 2321 spindle than the 2310 drill bit.

0 on the second cutting element 2325 and the third cutting element 2327 may protrude further from the gauge pad 2328. Extendable cutting elements 2324 can be extended or retracted based on hydraulic pressure acting on a piston base 2326 fixed in cutting elements 2324. Pressurized hydraulic fluid can be directed against the base The piston 2326 through the thread 2330 passes through the drill bit 2310

5 built for this purpose. in a variety of designs; This hydraulic fluid can be regulated to control

physical position of the piston 2326 or a force applied to the piston 2326. In the form shown; Pin 2331 can be attached to drill bit 2310 and can pass through a passage that cuts plunger 2326 Similar in some respects to US Patent #19085941 Hall et al. This pin 2331 may regulate the extension and retraction limits of cutting elements 2324.

Pile sealant 2332 may surround the circumference of plunger 2326 to prevent escaping of pressurized hydraulic fluid from between piston 2326 daily drilling 2310 and into the drill hole. in the form shown; This seal 2332 is in the form of two elastomer rings in saddle that surround piston 2326 at approximately a midpoint of its axial length. However, in other models; A similar leak may exist at any point axially along a piston from an exposed sha to its base. in addition to; Other models may include

A sealant on a flexible material such as a fine metal bellows may provide; in some circumstances; More wear resistance than an elastomer. On some embodiments the GS may have a fluid-retaining cap without this seal. Figure 1-24 shows a plunger model 1-2426 that may be extendable diagonally from a drill bit (not shown) or other pivot body. rather than having separate cutting elements attached to it; As indicated 5 in the piston models discussed Lad above; An entire exposed part 1-2440 in press 1-2426 can be covered with a sheet of super-hard material to form a single extensible cutting element. The piston may be 1-2426 Ba to rotate around its central axis to distribute wear around the circumference of the exposed gall 1-2440. in the form shown; The exposed part 1-2440 in the press 1-2426 has a generally flat main surface. However in alternative models any of 0 can count various non-planar shapes. Figure 2-24 shows another model of the 2-2426 press that has two cutting elements attached to the exposed end of it. A first cutting element 2-2424 fixed to the plunger 2-2426 may protrude from the exposed end by a first distance and may drill into the wall of the borehole 2-2442 by a certain amount. A second cutting element -2444- may emerge.

2 to a greater extent than First Cutting Element 2-2424 but drills into the bore hole wall 2-2442 to a greater extent than First Cutting Element 2-2424. This is Uae if the second cutting element 2-2444 is spaced further from the distal end of a distal object (not shown) than the first cutting element 2-2424 and the first cutting element 2-2424 removes material from the borehole wall 2-2442 as he drills . in this design; The reaction forces to which the first and second cutting elements 2424-2 2-2444 are subjected may balance the torque about the piston axis 2441-2 Figure 1-25 shows a drill bit model 2510-1 that includes one or more interchangeable 1-2524 cutting elements Extendable and retractable diagonally from the outside. in the form shown; Elements 0 pieces 1-2524 are in an extended design that exposes them to external collision. These 1-2524 trim elements can be attached to the 1-2550 hinged arm. Figure 2-25 shows an example of this hinged arm 2-2550 with several 2-2524 trim elements attached to it and a 2-2551 bolt extending from its body. Bolt 2-2551 may attach hinged arm 2-2550 to a drill bit (not shown) so that hinged arm 2550-2 can be rotated about the spindle 2-2552 passed through bolt 2-2551. Figure 3-25 shows an AT Model of the 3-2510 drill bit incorporating the 2550-3 hinged arm with the 3-2524 cutting elements attached. in this form; The hinged arm 3-2550 rotates to retract the cutting elements 3-2524 from outside the drill bit 3-2510. In this pull design, the 2524-3 cutting elements can be protected from impact. Then; In the case of call on pall 20 (shown in Figure 1-25), cutting elements 1-2524 may loosen the drill hole wall (not shown) surrounding drill bit 1-2510. Alternatively, during pulling, as shown in Fig. 3-25 Cutting elements 3-2524 may be protected from interlocking in the borehole wall.In these embodiments the spindle extends around which the ghd may rotate is hinged;the dag is a general Dye of the spindle of a drill bit. However, Lad may use other designs that are similar in some respects to the designs contained in Hutton's US Patent 8141:6657

Figures 26-1 and 26-3 show additional models of the 2610-1 and 2610-3 drill bits that each have one or more of the 2624-1 and 2624-3 extendable and diagonally retractable cutting elements. These two cutting elements 1-2624 and 3-2624 can be installed in two rotating cylindrical circuits 1-2660 and 3-2660. An example of this 2-2660 cylindrical circuit is shown in Figure 2-26 that has the 2-2624 cutoff elements attached to it and that can be rotated around the 2-2662 spindle. when rotated to an extended design; As shown in Figure 1-26; Cutting elements 1-2624 may engage with the drill hole wall (not shown) surrounding drill bit 2610-1. While rotating to pull design; As shown in Figure 3-26; Cutting elements 3-2624 can be protected from engaging with the drill hole wall. in these models; spindle extends; which 0 revolves around the cylindrical circuit; Generally parallel to the tangent of a drill bit to which the cylindrical circuit is fixed. Another embodiment of the 2710 drill bit is shown in Fig. 27. In addition to the 2724 cutting elements extendable in one diagonal direction (identical in many respects to the embodiments described above); The 2710 drill bit in the current model also includes a 2770 pusher pad that extends from the outside in one diagonal direction. This push pad 2770 may push a drill bit wall (not shown) surrounding drill bit 5 2710 to push drill bit 2710 onto cutting elements 2724. This push may lock bit ial 2710 with cutting elements 2724 engaged in the drill bit wall. This load may force the 2710 drill bit into the now loosened bore hole wall to help guide the 2710 drill bit as it advances. in the form shown; Thrust pad 2770 and cutting elements 2724 are connected to sources of pressurized hydraulic fluid 0 that may push them out. in some embodiments; This may be the same source. in these cases; If a stream 2737 is activated that directs pressurized hydraulic fluid to the thrust pad 2770 at the same time as a stream 2730 directs compressed hydraulic fluid to the extendable cutting elements 2724 then both extend at the same time. To avoid damage to the wall of the borehole and spoil the shape of the cross-section; Various items can be added to the measuring pads shown above. For example; Includes measuring pad 2228 shown in

Figure 22 has a set of Large Bolts 2229 composed of super-hard materials embedded in them. These Large Bolts 2229 may allow the 2228 gauge pad to push through the wall of a drilled hole smoothly. in other models; Like the model shown in Figure 1-28; A 2828-1 sald may have a 2829-1 plate of super-hard material bonded to it and covering an exposed portion of it. It is believed that this plate may promote smooth borehole thrust. In a model shown in Figure 2-28; The 2-2829 abrasion resistant device may be attached to the 2-2828 gauge so that it may rotate freely around the 2-2882 pivot. when an external force affects him; ie from the wall of a borehole; This abrasive resistor 2-2829 may rotate out of track in place of the resistor. It is believed that the absence of resistance in this manner may protect the borehole wall and pad 0 of gauge 2828-2. Figure 4-28 shows an example 4-2829 abrasion resistant device (same as shown in Figure 2-28) incorporating a 4-2880 plate of super-hard material attached to a 4-2881 spindle. The spindle 4-2881 can be secured to a gauge pad that allows the plate to rotate 4-2880 about it Fig. 3-28 shows another example of abrasive device 3-2829 fixed to rotate with a pad 3-2828 and Fig. 5-28 shows an example of a similar abrasive device 5-2829 instead of 5 Include super hard material pad Abrasion resistant device 5-2829 may include a dag 5-0 of solid material with a set of large pins 5-2889 of super hard material embedded in it. Two abrasion resistors 2-2829 3-2829 connected to two measuring pads 2-2828 3-2828 at one end only a rotatable shaft generally protrudes outside the measuring pad 2-2828 3-2828 Other models of abrasion resistant devices may have two spindles in various starting directions and may attach to a gauge pad at multiple ends.An exemplary drill bit 2910 incorporating a unique gauge pad 2928 is shown in Figure 29. This pad 2928 comprises an abrasive device 2929 generally configured as a 0 ring with a set of large screws 2929; consisting of ultra-hard materials; Built-in 5 external deck out. in the form shown; This ring 2990 generally surrounds the circumference of dail crater 2910.

However; Other sizes and designs may also be used. And when it affects the ring 2990 power

External, it may rotate on its axis instead of resistance.

Figure 30 shows a proven Model 3010 that may form part of a core drilling operation. may include

.3021 on a group of blades 3020 protruding from it distributed around its axis of rotation 3010 call

There may be a group of cutting elements 3022 that can solve the sale of hard soil; on both

Blades 3020. The 3010 fastener also includes 3023 bolt fasteners 3123

on opposite sides of it. Additional cutting elements 3024 may be extendable in a diagonal direction

Mono from outside the 3010 mount. Mia Extending these 3024 trim elements may result in a wall dissolution

Drill hole (not shown) through which the fixture 3010 moves. This loosening may loosen the drill hole wall 0 at certain points around its circumference causing the drill hole cross sectional shape to deviate too far

about the circular shape. in addition to; Abrasion Resistant Measuring Pad 3028 may protrude from the outside

.3024 and are located axially adjacent to the 3010 cial extendable cutting elements

Figure 31 shows an exemplary down-the-hole drill bit assembly comprising a 3112 end-mounted drill bit

Drill line 3114. Drill bit 3112 may have a set of blades 3122 protruding from it. 5. These blades 3122 may generally be distributed around the circumference of the end of the drill bit 3112 against a line

etch 3114; It includes a set of solid 3126 cutting elements attached to both

Blades 3122 to assist in loosening hard soil materials. While a drill bit of the same quality is indicated

fixed blades Yay enables a variety of other drill bit types to be used.

Figure 32 shows an example downhole drill bit assembly Wis disassembled to show its many features. 0 eg Ji The drill line 3214 may have a protrusion 3230 extending from one end. maybe

insert this protrusion 3230 into the bore 3231 of drill bit 3212. in the pattern shown; includes

Protrusion 3230 on a set of screws 3232 around which can interlock with screws

A similar thread 3233 is formed on the inner surface of the bore 3231 to hold the projection 3230 in.

Bore 3231. These bolts 3232 and 3233 may have integral geometries 5 such that relative rotation stops once the projection 3230 reaches a specified position with respect to

for bore 3231. Various markings may also indicate 3240 and 3241 exposed outside of the line surfaces of the 3214 drill line and of the 3212 drill bit; Respectively; to a relative alignment. Prominence 3230 may include interchange surface 3234 at the far end of it. Different models of interfacing surfaces may allow the exchange of electrical signals; hydraulics; optical and/or electromagnetic. in the form shown; The 3234 interface can exchange power and data;

via electricity and hydraulic fluid; with an AT interface 3258 located in bore 3231. Specifically, an AT interface 3234 comprises an inductor ring 3235 that may reside adjacent to another induction ring 3236 in the other interface 3258. If they are adjacent; Electrical signals passing through induction loop 3235 can be connected to induction loop 3236 (AY).

0 These electrical signals pass regardless of the direction of rotation of the drill line 3214 relative to the drill bit 3212. As shown Load in this form; The interfacial surface 3234 includes two conduits 3237 exposed on the protrusion 3230 that can conduct fluid to the bore 3231 and to two other conduits 3238 exposed on the other interfacial surface 3258. Combinations may allow

5 Streams 3237 and 3238 These transmit hydraulic power from the drill line 3214 to Lal drill 3212. Also, approximately two semi-rings 3239 may be located on the interchange surface 3234; One of them is next to each of the two channels 3237 exposed to it. These semi-annular grooves yas 9 may allow the fluid to flow through them from the drills 3237 protrusion 3230 to the drills 3238 bore 3231 at a large distance from the rotation directions of the drill line 3214 with respect to the apex

0 etch 3212. Further; In the event that the distance of the possible turning directions is insufficient; The 3259 plate (when removed from the 3234 interfacing surface as shown in Figure 32-1) where the semi-ring grooves are approximately 3239 can be replaced by a plate having offset grooves to adjust their relative positions. As we can see, only one pair of these interfacing surfaces is needed Grooves for this type of fluid transport independently of rotation.

Figure 33 shows a Model AT down-the-hole drill bit assembly. As we can see, there may be a hull 3342 incorporating a body separate from drill bit 3312; In Bore 3331 for Drill Bit 3312. The drill line 3314 can be bolted into Bore 3331 and retain the hull 3342 in it. If drill line 3314 is loosened, hull 3342 can be removed from bore 3331 and inserted into a drill bit

different. This may be considered an advantage if the 3312 drill bit is worn out or damaged. Drillline 3314 and Structure 3342 may have a fluid channel 3349 passing through them to allow movement of the drilling fluid through Drillline 3314 to exit through at least one orifice 3348 of drill bit 3312. Drillline 3314 may connect to Structure 3342 via a pair of interfacing surfaces 3334; Silas form of what has been described above. In this or ail) the 3334 interchangeable surfaces allow the exchange of electricity

0 and hydraulic fluids. For example; A pair of inductance rings 3335 may allow electrical signals to be exchanged between drill line 3314 and hull 3342. These electrical signals may be passed on to electronic devices 3343 which are located on an external surface of hull 3342. Such electronic devices 3343 may be housed in a pressure chamber 3344 formed between hull 3342; bore 3331 dail bore 3312; and 3345 pressure seals that are located on either side of the devices

5 ELECTRONICS 3343. ELECTRONICS 3343 may receive additional electrical signals from sensor 3346 that can sense perimeter borehole characteristics or related drilling process variables; It is located on the outside of the 3312 drill bit. It is believed that placing certain types of sensors as close as possible to the tip of a drill bit may be beneficial.

0 In example AT a fluid stream 3337 may allow fluid to flow from drillline 3314 to another stream 8 in hull 3342. This flow may be USes regardless of the rotational position of drillline 3314 relative to hull 3342. This other stream 3338 may pass through fully through housing 3342 and delivering fluid to cavity 3347 of drill bit 3312. filling cavity 3347; The piston 3350 may be pushed by the fluid pressure in the bore 3347 to extend from

5 out drill bit 3312

In the embodiment shown » the electric and hydraulic interchange surfaces 3357 between the hull 3342 daily and the excavation 3312 Ge can be fixed in a certain direction of rotation so that the Lae rotates and as we see; These 3357 interfaces may connect through topology 3342 to one of the other 3334 interfaces described above. in addition to; in the case of electrical connection; The 3343 electronic devices can be connected to one or both of the Jalal interfaces 3334 3357. Figures 34-1 and 34-2 show the 3442-1 and 3442-2 chassis models. These structures 1-3442 1-3442-2 may generally be tubular in shape with a fluid channel 1-3449 3449-2 passing through them. These hulls 3449-1 2-3449 may also include specific electronic devices 1-53 2-3443 located peripherally around an outer surface on them. There may be an interchange surface on 0 either end of the chassis 3442-1 3442-2. specifically; A first interchange surface 3451-1 3451-2 “allowing connection regardless of rotation direction” may be located at one end of the 3442-1 chassis; 2-2 opposite and there may be a second interchange surface 3450-1 3450-2; allows connection in a certain direction of rotation.”; on opposite side of it. The first interchange surface 1-3451 may include raceways 1-3452 for hydraulic exchange and inductor ring 1-3453 for electrical exchange. Deck 5 Second Interchange 2-3450 may include Raceway 2-3452 for hydraulic exchange and Prick Connection 3453-2 for electrical exchange. Figure 35 shows a downhole 3511 drill assembly model incorporating the 3514 drill line mounted to the 3520 spa tool; and hold the 3520 bit further into the 3510 drill dail. An axially connected fluid channel 3525 may pass through the 3514 drill line and the 3520 bit; and in bit 0 drill 3510.._while any of a variety of drill bit types may fulfill this role and work with the new items described by the current order; The current 3510 drill bit model includes a set of 3521” blades arranged around a central axis; protruding from one end. A set of cutting elements 3522 may be exposed on the leading edges of each of the blades 3521. These cutting elements 3522 may include a superhard material (ie material having a test number 5 hardness of 0 »©5/not exceeding 40 GPa) that can solvate hardened underground materials. when rotating a bit

craters 3510 around this axis; Blades 3521 may hollow out a cavity to allow cutting elements 3522 to punch a hole in it. While it is common for drill bits used for downhole drilling to have a serrated protrusion extending from it for stabilization; Drill bit 3510 in the embodiment shown includes an internally threaded recess 3523 located axially opposite the blades 3521 and cutting elements 3522. An extending tool 3524 may rest in this recess 3523. This may enable access to deep recesses in drill bit 3510. When seated, the extending tool may include Extend this 3524 on a proximal end in contact with the counterpart of bore 3523 of drill bit 3510. A bore of 3523 may be formed too deep from drill bit 3510 so that cutting elements 3522 axially transverse this opposite end and counterpart. Extension tool may include 3524

0 also has a distal tip that extends to about 2 inches from bore nozzle 3523. It is thought that this position of bore nozzle 3523 may allow access to this distal end with relative ease. in the form shown; The 3524 extender has a universal dng conical exterior. This conical shape may be broadest towards the proximal end and narrow as it approaches the distal end. in addition to; Fluid slid 3525 may pass axially through extender 3524.

5 The 3520 mini tool can be secured to the 3510 drill bit via a Layla threaded protrusion 3526 that can be inserted into the 3523 bore of the 3510 drill bit and coupled to its internal threads. These teeth can be designed to facilitate rotation and fixation in a fixed rotational and axial position. Fixing this projection 3526 with threads in bore 3523 may result in retention of the extender 3524 in bore 3523. Obliquely; Separation of protrusion 3526 from bore 3523 may result in a firing

0 extender 3524 so that it can be replaced with a replacement extender. Small Tool 3520 may also have a bore 3527 in which it has at least part of the internal threaded spacing. A body 3528) having a universal (dag) tubular structure may be located in this recess 3527. The drill line 3514 may include an externally threaded projection 3530 that can be inserted into recess 3527 and coupled with internal threads to it. These may be designed

5 threads to stop rotation and lock in a fixed rotary and axial position. This may install

The protrusion 3530 into bore 3527 anchors the drill line 3524 to the bore 3520 and retains hull 3528 in the bore 3527. Whereas the separation of the drill line 3524 from the bore 3520 may allow the hull 3520 and hull 3528 to be swapped with an alternate hull or hull (or both) of a different axial length. Fluid channel 3525 may pass axially through structure 3528.

Surface pairs may allow interchange; at each of the intersections between drill bit 3510 mini tool 3520 and drill line 3514; Different types of connections between these elements. The coupling of each of these pairs may result from the interchange surfaces; in a way that allows communication; Normally for the physical installation of the drill line 3514 in the small tool 3520 and for the small tool 3520 in the drill dail 3510 without additional work. This may allow association as part of the activities already taking place

0 is common as part of an excavation process. A first pair of interchange decks 3531 may connect drill line 3514 to hull 3528 in small tool 3520; specifically; One of the first pair of interfaces 3531 may be located on the end of the protrusion 3530 formed on the end of drillline 3514. This first pair of interfaces 3531 may allow communication between drillline 3514 and hull 3528 regardless of position

5 falling in the direction of rotation relative to each other. This independence and lack of dependence on the direction of relative rotation in contact may allow a margin for carry-over in the physical anchoring of drill line 3514 to the small tool 3520; This often happens in sloppy and rushed drilling site conditions. A second pair of interchanges 3532 may connect hull 3528 to extender 3524 on drill bit 3510. A third pair of interchangeable surfaces 3533 may connect extender 3524 to drill bit

0 etch 3510; Where there is. These three interchangeable surfaces 3533 may be located within the internal threads in the bore 3523 of drill bit 3510. Extender 3524 may be axially long Lay enough to view cutting elements 3522 exposed outside dail of drill bit 3510; Pivot this link between extending tool 3524 daily drilling 3510. Opposite the first pair; The second and third pairs of Ge 3533 (3532) interchange surfaces can be fixed in certain relative directions of rotation.

5 some models; The direction of rotation can be maintained by forming couplings and model pricks. Well other than

the first pair; Specific interchangeable surfaces of this direction 3532 3533 can be connected under cleaner and quieter conditions away from the drilling site which may generally result in more accurate placement. in addition to; The 3524 extension tool may help eject these connections from the 3523 bore of the 3510 drill bit which may restrict access to them. in connection with the 3524 extending tool; One side of each of the second and third pairs of the 3532 3532 interchangeable surfaces can be connected to each other via at least one connecting stream 3535 passing through the extender 3524. One side of each of the 1st and 2nd pairs of the 3532 interchangeable surfaces 3531 (3531) can be connected to each other via At least one connection stream 3534 passes through chassis 3528. Chassis 3528 may also include various electronic devices 3529 located peripherally around an outer surface of it.Such electronic devices 3529 may be located in a pressure chamber formed between chassis 3528 and the 3520 pickup. 3529 Lia electronic devices on at least one side of the first and second pairs of the 3532” 3531 interchangeable surfaces through the connecting raceway 3534 described above. Because the 3520 mini tool may be longer than the 3510 drill bit, as shown in this model; The size of these 5 electronic devices 3529 is not necessarily limited by the length of the drill bit 3510. The pad 3536 may be extendable or retractable diagonally from the side of the drill bit 3510 via hydraulic pressure applied through the various 3534 3535 connection raceways described above. This slab 3536 may be extended to perform any of a variety of downhole functions; such as routing or installation. specifically; With the extension of the screed 3536 it may be pushed into the drill hole (not 0 shown) through which the drill bit 3510 is moving to change its direction of travel or hold it in position. Activation of this downhole function can be controlled by electronic devices 3529 that are located downhole around structure 3528. Additional models of the downhole assemblies 3611-1 and 3611-2 are shown in Figs. 36-1 and 36-2, respectively. Each of the 1-3611 2-3611 1-3614 Downhole Drill Assemblies may include the 1-3614 1-3614 2-3614 5-Hole Line Mini Tool 1-3620 2-3620; Also secured with a bit

Excavation 1-3610 2-3610. like that"; Each model includes a mechanism; In addition to the (hidden) threads described above; to install the mini tool 1-3620; 2-3620 in the corresponding drill bit 1-3610 2-3610. Additional insurance may prevent the drill bit 1-3610 2-3610 from being accidentally or unintentionally removed from the drill line 1-3620 2-3620 while trying to remove the bit 1-3620 2-3620 from the drill line 1-3614 2- 3614 corresponding to it. specifically; Figure 1-36 shows a sample 1-3611 Down-the-Hole Assembly including weld or sell Adhesive 1-3640 to secure the 1-3610 drill bit to the 1-3620 mini tool. Figure 2-36 shows a downhole assembly model 2-3611 including a set of tools

0 Mechanical Fasteners 2-3641 which can each be bolted diagonally to the 2-3620 Mini Tool to further secure the 2-3610 Drill Bit to the 2-3620 Mini Tool. Shown is one of the mechanical fasteners 2-3641 Bisa removed to expose threads. In addition to the cell each of these 3641-2 machined fasteners may include an exposed head with a unique geometry that requires a specialized tool for removal.

5 Each of the first, second and third interchange surface pairs may enable different modes of connectivity. For example; Any pair of interfacing surfaces may allow the switching of electrical signals; hydraulics; optical and/or electromagnetic; Inspite of that; You may do this in different ways. specifically; The first pair of interchange surfaces may appear; between the drilling line and the structure; This conduction is regardless of any given rotation direction. Figure 37 shows a possible embodiment of a pair of independent interchange surfaces

0 for rotation. In particular; Sa (Sa) receives a 3740 threaded protrusion and installs it in a threaded socket 3741. This protrusion 3740 includes a single 3742 interface at one end of it. In the model shown, this 3742 interface can exchange power and data; via electricity and hydraulic fluid; with interchangeable surface AT 3743 located in bore 3741. While this model shows conduction on an electrical and hydraulic basis; Other mediums can use Jie signals

5 optical or electromagnetic.

For electricity; Interface surface 3742 includes an induction loop 3744 that may reside next to another induction loop 3745 in the other Jalal interface 3743. While adjacent, electrical signals passing through the induction loop 3744 can be connected to the other induction loop 3745 via inductive coupling. Electrical signals can be passed regardless of the direction of relative rotation of the pair of interchange surfaces 3742 3743.

For hydraulic fluid; Interface 3742 has two streams 3746 exposed on it that can deliver fluid to the other two streams 3747 exposed on interchange deck (AY) 3743. These combinations of streams 3746 3747 may enable the transfer of hydraulic power and/or data pulses between a pair of interchange decks. Al-Bini 3742 3743. May also

0 Approximately two toroidal joints 3748 are located on the exchange surface wll 3748 within the induction loop 3744 discussed Lad above; Each of them is adjacent to each of the 3746 galaxies exposed to it. These roughly annular shafts 3748 may allow the fluid to flow through me 3746 protrusion 3740 to ductors 3747 bore 3741 at a wide distance of relative rotational directions. as we see; Only one of these interfacial surfaces needs the grooves for this mode of fluid transport independently of the grooves

5 turns. In the pattern shown, sewers 3747 are directly opposite each other; or separated by an angle of 180 degrees; However; This spacing is not necessary. In particular, similar ducts may be spaced at different angle positions in different models. like that; The threads in projection 3740 can be spaced approximately from the threads in bore 3741 eal even under conditions of inaccuracy; do not disappear

0 ducts 3747 due to voids between approximately ring-like grooves 3748. Other pairs of interchange surfaces may be required; The second pair between the hull and the extending tool and the third pair between the extending tool and the drill bit represent a certain rotational direction of the connection. Figure 38 shows a Uae model of a rotationally invariant pair of interchange surfaces. The 3842 interface may have a set of 3850 pins protruding from it. Another interface 3843 may include a set of sockets

5 3851 The pins may enter into it 3850 When the two interchangeable surfaces are paired 3842 3843

— 5 4 — to each other. Inserting pins 3850 into sockets 3851 may align a set of 7 exposed on the other interchange surface 3843. In this design; The fluid may flow two sets of streams 3846 3847 Jaa hydraulic power and/or data pulses between interchangeable surfaces ll 3842 3843 when they are rotated in alignment in a particular direction. The 3850 pins and 3851 sockets can also be wired to transmit power and/or data. Law This discussion referred to the forms attached to it. It should be understood that other modifications than those indicated or proposed in the present application may be made; In the field and content of the current disclosure.

Claims (1)

— 6 4 — Elements of Protection 1- Excavating a subterranean excavation; Comprising: an interior wall formed in a floor formation defining a rectangular Baga; The wall defines the shape of a cross-section in a plane perpendicular to the axis passing through the cavity; a digging tool found in the cavity; where the radius of the first circular arc is greater than the radius of the cross section of the drilling tool; The radius of the second circular arc is smaller than the cross-sectional radius of the drilling tool. 2. the borehole bore of claim 1; Where the inner wall touches the drilling tool at 0 two points of the cross-sectional shape. 3 - the borehole of claim No. 2 (where the two points are on the second circular arc. 5) 4 - the borehole of claim No. 1, where the axis is bent, and the radius of the first circular arc is greater than the radius of the second circular arc; The first circular arc is closer to the center of curvature of the axis than the second circular arc. Protection #5 Where the axis is bent ding the radius of curvature of the axis over the relative dimensions of the radii or angular ranges of the first and second circular arcs. 7. A borehole bore in accordance with claim No. 5; Where the radii or ranges of the first and second circular arcs differ in dimensions at different positions along the axis. 8. A borehole bore in accordance with claim No. 5; where the angular ranges of the first and second circular arcs are in the direction of rotation about the axis at different points along the axis. 9- A method for forming a borehole; It includes: excavating a rectangular cavity in an underground formation; comprising the rotation of the in tool in which the rectangular bore has an axis passing through it and a cross-section figure in a plane perpendicular to the axis; and 0 removing the sale from an inner wall of the cavity to form the first and second circular arcs in the cross-section shape; And the center of both of them is on the axis, but they have different radii »; Where removal of doll material from an inner wall of the bore to create the first circular arch involves extending a cutting element from the side of the drilling tool through the first sall of the rotation » and removing doll material from an inner wall of the bore to create the second circular arch involves drawing the cutting element through the second segment from spinning. 0 - Method Bg of claim No. 9 further comprising placement of a drilling tool; It has a smaller cross-sectional radius than the first circular arc but larger than the second circular arc; into the bore and push the drilling tool to engage in the first circular arc with the second circular arc. 0 11 - method according to claim No. 10; The thrust of the drilling tool creates a curve in the axis as the bore is drilled. 2- The method according to Claim 10) which also includes adjusting the thrust of the drilling tool by changing the different radii or angular ranges occupied by the first and second round arcs. — 8 4 — 3- Method Gg of claim 12 whereby the thrust adjustment comprises the adjustment of the amount of force by adjusting the dimensions corresponding to the radii or angular ranges of the first and second circular arcs. 4- Method Bg of claim No. 13 where the thrust adjustment includes adjusting the direction of the force by adjusting the corresponding directions of rotation around the axis of the angular bands of the first and second circular arcs. 5- Method in accordance with Claim 12) whereby adjusting the thrust of the drilling tool causes the curve to be adjusted in axis as the bore is drilled. 0 16-method of claim 9) which also includes changing the timing of extending and retracting a cut-off element to adjust the angular bands occupied by the first and second circular arcs. 7- method Gy of claim 16 which also includes reducing the dimension of the angular band occupied by the circular arc The first is to decrease the glint radius of the axis. 8- Method Gg of Claim No. 9 (Gua) also includes changing the depth of extending and withdrawing the cutting element to adjust the radii occupied by the first and second circular arcs. 0 8 “SAL 1 1 AL MALAS 0 L oN A 1 ADLE TY EE A PR 1 7 AA X LBM & : 0 8 SR | go TET 1 SS Ld AY Np HT 3 TH + Te i 3 3 : oo 8 i Rss : l i as Fa 0 =a Uw 1 A A and Sar 3 Rs Sve So, X A Saal bo ~ ~ pi : a - 3 : 3 i ' vo > a Ab He ee qn a Nine 'oe i YE ere, go =. - { 3 > for ig SH i Oo > 3 5 Ce 1 : . 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