SA109300433B1 - Process and Apparatus for Transferring Heat from a First Medium to a Second Medium - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a process and device (1) for transferring heat from a first relatively cold medium to a second relatively hot medium, comprising a gastight rotor (4) mounted rotatingly in a frame (2) , and, is installed inside the rotor (4), a compressor (10), a first heat exchanger (8) to transferring heat from the fluid to the second medium located relatively far from the axis of rotation of the rotor (4), and a chamber expansion chamber (11) for fluid expansion, and a channel (14) for diverting the expanding fluid from the expansion chamber (11) to the compressor (10), where the first heat exchanger (8) is thermally isolated from the channel (14).

Description

A process and device for transferring heat from a first medium to a second medium

Process and apparatus for transferring heat from a first medium to a second medium Full description Background of the invention Heat transferring apparatus lea process ob to first relatively cold medium .medium alg apparatus less method 4097488 US Patent No. 0 working fluid relates to circulating cooling and heating generating Gus rotors are compressed. This is carried out by means of the Cus passageways, the Jal passages of the aforementioned working fluid inside it, and the removal of heat from the aforementioned working fluid in the compressing exchanger, and the addition of heat to the aforementioned working fluid in the heat removal heat exchanger to remove heat. 0, the heat exchanger to add heat, cheat addition heat exchanger, where all of this is implemented with the aforementioned rotors. The working fluid is prevented from leaking into it; A suitable gas can be Jia “suitable gas” nitrogen, and a working fluid heat exchanger is also provided inside the rotor between two streams of the aforementioned working fluid. US Patent No. 40058789 relates to a method and device for transferring heat from a low temperature heat source to a higher temperature heated sink using a compressible Jalal working fluid

1 - Rotating inside the rotating centrifugal force pressurized by centrifugal force working fluid and the heat is transferred accompanying temperature increase. Bal) rotor at the temperature of the heat sink to the heat sink heated working fluid from the hot working fluid from a heat source cooling and expansion is higher. Heat is added to the working fluid after expansion and cooling is provided inside the rotor to control the density of the working fluid 0010© heat source cooler 0 .working fluid circulation cworking fluid density & patent ¢ PAYAOVY Similar methods and devices are known from US Patent No. 7977057, US Patent #4018444, and US Patent 79711717. No. General Description of the Invention 0 high One of the objectives of this present invention is to provide a process to efficiently generate a low temperature medium and/or a low temperature medium to achieve this goal; The process according to the present invention comprises the rotation of the present quantity of a fluid where chp is compressible about the axis of rotation; Where the fluid is compressed in a direction away from the axis

Cua dus to the second heated medium compressed fluid The heat is transferred from the compressed fluid ve The fluid expands towards the axis of rotation; Where the heat is transferred from the first medium to the fluid” while the expanded fluid is at least essentially limited to the heat transfer between the compressed expanding fluid. In the water feature heat is transferred from the first medium to the fluid during expansion ..

-¢.

In the (eA) feature the fluid is compressible isentropically essentially

at least and/or isothermically expanded at least.

In another aspect, heat is transferred from the compressed fluid to the relatively hot second medium; on

. in a fluid at constant pressure in an essentially equal pressure manner; any; Pressure (JAY) heat transfer remains the primary during heat transfer ©

In another feature; The fluid is heated after expansion and before compression. And reduce the addition of heat at that

The phase of the amount of work to be fed to the rotor in proportion to the amount of heat

transferred from the pressurized fluid to the second medium.

In the characteristic of (Al), the process includes generating Jad work in the heat conversion cycle, Nie «cycle, using a Sterling engine, by using the heat in the medium

the second.

At least part of the work generated can be used to circulate the existing amount of fluid.

lads gia can use at least the residual heat of the heat conversion cycle

To heat the fluid after expansion and before compression. Thus; The combined process is obtained where 0 comprises an increased proportion of work generated and heat introduced.

In attribute (aT operation is used to provide Nie capil) in air- waffle conditioning system

Relatively hot and the heat is transferred from the fluid to the relatively hot medium (conditioning system).

medium during compression and to the fluid during or after expansion or before compression.

- © -

Availability of the process according to the present invention cabal and/or cooler and/or work generated at relatively high efficiency.

The process of the present invention can be operated at least in part by a medium obtained from the surroundings and/or which has a temperature at least equal to the surroundings ©

The hot and cold media obtained from this invention (Sie) can be used for heating or cooling buildings or in a larger perspective to generate electricity by means of the Wie Carnot cycle. cycle or "steam cycle".

The invention, Lad, relates to an apparatus device for transferring heat from the relatively cold first medium to the hot second medium, das, which includes a gas-hermetic rotor installed in a rotating way in Ol and a compressor installed inside the rotor and the heat exchanger The first is the first heat exchanger to transfer heat from the radiator to the second medium and is located relatively far from the axis of rotation of the rotor” Expansion 234 Sams chamber for the expansion of the fluid” and a channel to convert the conveying expanded fluid from

ve expansion chamber to the compressor” where the first heat exchanger is thermally isolated from the duct. In the lo aspect the device includes a second heat exchanger JU to which it is thermally coupled or forms part of the expansion chamber. In the gal characteristic the first heat exchanger is adapted to transfer heat from the pressurized fluid to the relatively hot second medium in an essentially isopressure fashion. And to reach that; In the embodiment of water

=

The first heat exchanger runs parallel to the rotational axis of the gas-tight rotor ie; at a fixed distance

JSS constant distance is at least primary from the mentioned axis and so is avoided or said

The oscillations 25 are in potential energy and hence in fluid pressure. And in a feature

cle The cross-sectional area and shape of the heat exchanger are constant with most or all of its length.

in another feature; At least one of the heat exchangers is coupled to the heating system

system and/or the Jie “Auld air-conditioning system” of the home or office.

In another aspect, Lexie typically uses the invention on a industrial scale.

At least one of the heat exchangers is coupled to a cycle for generating work 0 and the cycle can include an evaporator or an esuper-heater that is coupled

Wha is equipped with a high temperature heat exchanger and a condenser

low shall to the degree of hall is thermally coupled to the exchanger & condenser

ctemperature heat exchanger and a .heat engine and the environment will operate in an appropriate manner

Typical as a cheat sink but can also function as a high temperature source 00 if the operating temperature of the cycle is low

adequately.

In another aspect, af, the compressible fluid is a gas, and for example (JE) contains mainly

A mono-atomic element that has an atomic number (7) >

Xenon and Krypton Jie (F< 0 « Argon as Argon 08

1 - In accordance with at least some features of the present invention; Artificial JA gravity is used as the length of the column of pressurized fluid; by comparing a column directed only to Earth's gravity; The replacement of the Cus Slay atmosphere allows for a much higher temperature gradient in the fluid. Mixing can be used to improve the heat (Jabs conduction) of the fluid. :

The term 'gradient' is defined within the framework of the present invention as a continuous or gradual increase or decrease in the value of a magnitude a property observed while passing from one point to another; for example, the diameter of a cylinder +0711008. Jad dads The term 'compressor'

on any impeller to increase the density of the fluid.

0 In order to reach completeness, it was noted that the German patent 7788531 relates to a device for generating temperature differences for heating and cooling. Under the influence of the au cexternal force, the temperature difference in the gas is obtained. and by using centrifugal forces and gases of high molecular weight; This effect increases to the extent that they are of use for technical use.

ve INTERNATIONAL patent 48549738 0 1/1 relates to the Cus cheat energy method The thermal energy is transferred to the (Y) inner chamber of the rotating centrifuge by means of a heat exchanger the first ) Je ot as “b”); In which the inner chamber (7) is provided gaseous energy transfer medium and where the heat is released from the centrifuge (Y) centrifuge by means of the second heat exchanger rack da bear). And can

- A gaseous energy Ja is that the amount of energy is reduced mainly by providing a medium and directing a state of equilibrium from equilibrium Ala in (VY) within the rotor transmission medium and is from outward direction In a way that describes a diagonal in an external direction, heat flow, the heat flow necessary for the invention contained in the international patent 048876/07 to prevent heat convection. (page ? last sentence) convection © high US Patent No. 7,907,844 relates to a rotor fitted for high-speed rotation dag Cua at its center; source of thermal energy speed rotation where the material fits » Chambers The periphery of the heat exchanger is provided at the terminal limit, depending on its location in the chambers; Which can receive heat from gaseous material ¢ gaseous thermal energy or produce heat for heat exchanger.

INTERNATIONAL patent 70031/11948431 relates to a (Vo) device and a method for transferring heat from a first mobile or chilled particle using the (VY) second zone to a second (VV) zone in which it is in embodiment (4) (vaporous or gaseous (mostly gaseous) atoms or molecules

Water The chaotic motion of atoms/molecules that

sale ve abolishes heat transfer by simple molecular motion by using elongated nanosized constraints preferably Jia (TY) a carbon nanotube to align the atoms molecules and then subject them to the accelerating force in the direction in which the heat is transferred.

The acceleration force is an attractive force, preferably centripetal. In an alternate embodiment; can be done

Organizing molecules (¢) in jil nanosized constraint heat by oscillation transverse of all elongated constraint elongation (+£). z relates to Japan Patent No. 2117804 080728778 with rotary-_lsall heat pipes

type heat pipes 0 US Patent No. 478575057 relates to industrial processes for cus energy conversion involving at least one step that consists during activation in the presence of the working fluid in the zy mode, either compression or expansion. wi h abbreviated. for drawings

0 The invention will be illustrated in more detail by reference to figures; which demonstrate the suitability of the cross-sections schematically of the apparatuses according to the present invention for small scale applications “1 to 0” in this example for heating and/or cooling a house. Figure 1 shows a cross-section of a first apparatus Js of the present invention suitable for small-scale applications; In this example to heat and/or cool a house.

0 shows the figure? A cross-section of a first device of the present invention comprising a compressor which can be driven independently in proportion to the gas-hermetic rotor. Figures ?a and b are process diagrams according to the present invention.

- Yeo

Device 1 shown in Figure 1 includes a Cua 7 static base frame.

Place it firmly on the floor and outer casing afi airtight outer casing ? installed

Fixed on the frame oF and rotor ef installed inside the casing 7 and in the frame of the base suitable and suitable directions © hollow axle for example by means of a hollow axle of outside bearings and directions can be located 6. ball bearings © Jie ball bearings

Outer shell; This allows maintenance and replacement

possesses vertigo; The radius is in the range from 91 to 100 stimeters and in this example ov

centimeter. The rotor wall is die; thermally in a known manner by itself. The device includes 1

La on driving means, and in this example an electric motor 17 to rotate rotor 0 at Lad rates ranging from 15010 to 9000 rpm. Losses can be reduced

5 By lowering the pressure in the outer shell oF eg to a vacuum

The rotor contains; on two heat exchangers A 9; compressor” 01 and expansion chamber VY) and insulator

Jiquids for fluid supply VY conduits and connectors «VY thermal insulator

The thermal insulator VY includes a Gus annular hollow body that extends coaxially with the axle © and to reinforce the cinsulation the annular body can contain

annular body on an insulating material or a vacuum. It identifies the thermal insulator 11 and the axis

© first annular and 106 coaxial chamber where Las connect

A fluid connection between the outlet of the expansion chamber 11 and the inlet of the compressor 01.

-110- The compressor 01 has a set of VO plurality of vanes SLY and is wall mounted

AY for the thermal insulator, curved end wall, and a curved end wall, Raudel end wall, the two ends of the second annular, second ils, Raudel, the inner wall, and the inner wall, 11, which defines the thermal insulator, and a concentric chamber 01, where Lin is a fluid connection Between the outlet of the compressor 01 and the inlet of the expansion chamber 11©. One of the heat exchangers A is installed inside that second chamber 17 and in this (JOA) the heat exchanger A comprises a coiled tube 117 Coiled tube concentric with the (R) axis of rotation of rotor 4 and connected by ALE fluid couplings for the VY outlet and for the IVY supply outlet for the YA source rotatable fluid couplings The expansion chamber includes 11 on a set of vanes (not shown) and thus act as a turbine 0 and the other heat exchanger 4 is integrated in the expansion argument 11 and is connected by circulating fluid couplings to the source 10c and to the AIT outlet in this example; the Rotor £ in xenon at a pressure of 6 bar (at ambient temperature and when the rotor is not rotating). Rotor rotation ¢ will generate a radial temperature gradient in 0 fluid; with an ad (AT) temperature difference ranging from 01 to Yoo degrees ds as it depends on the angular velocity of the rotor ;. Scale 4 is amplified by essentially isentropic compression in compressor 10, which generates aig fluid circulation within the rotor.

- 11 -

Other methods for generating and supporting circuits in the process and apparatus of the present invention include; on

one or more axial fans located; For example; into the channel to convert

The fluid expanding from the expansion chamber to the compressor;

Using a Cus compressor having two stages on JY) typically cco-axial sub-rotors Sal © first stage coupled with same axis Jie same axis Expansion chamber

and pre-heating of the cold first medium ds eg (JE) by one or

More than Peltier elements

The relatively hot pressurized fluid flows through the 101 second annular chamber

Where the heat is transferred to the medium in the heat exchanger A, and in this example, the medium is water Cus 0 flowing in a counter-current through the heat exchanger WA, and water can be used

Hot heated water for central heating of a house.

After heat transfer, the fluid is expanded from the circumference of the rotor; Towards the axle of rotation» where it works to lower

The temperature is below the ambient temperature. During expansion, the fluid is heated by an exchanger

thermal 4 in expansion chamber 11 and medium at ambient temperature; For example (JE) the water ve taken from the surrounding environment”; Or the medium at the temperature of the Jie clef of the exhaust gases and the exhaust occurred

from the other device.

pals The expanding fluid flows through the first annular chamber VE to the inlet of the compressor 01.01 and can

Additional heat is transferred to the fluid (eg JB) from a medium where it flows through the shaft

Hollow ©. In an alternative example; A motor(s) to drive the rotor shall be fitted inside the axle where it is to be driven

11- Transferring the heat dissipated in this rotor to the fluid. Regenerative heat transfer between the compressed fluid and the expanding fluid is primarily prevented by the thermal insulator. The process and device according to the present invention enable the generation of a ball and/or coolant; and/or work at a relatively high efficiency.

0 in another embodiment; The compressor includes a rotor which can rotate at a higher angular velocity than the main rotor and in this embodiment the mean angular velocity of both rotors determines the difference in temperature; That is, the temperature of the hot medium increases; Like water for central heating Laie cheating the average angular velocity increases. The difference between the rotor speeds determines the heat output of the device. Thus, it is possible; For example, generating a higher output of heat at a degree

0 is a relatively low temperature. In general; Efficiency is when the temperature of the (relatively hot) medium leaving the device is at a temperature where it corresponds to the temperature required by the application; For example, central heating. An example of this embodiment is shown in Figure LY and the following explanation will focus on the differences with the embodiment shown in Figure 1.

ve includes the outer casing ¥ of the device 1 shown in the figure ? on an external dle? In turn, it includes a central section a made of thermally insulated material Sia cfiber reinforced polymer and end shells b made of Sie metal alg aluminum Casing installation? Rotating in frame (not shown) via © axis and having radius e.g. 00

SVE

centimeter. and be vertigo; Integral part of the central sector ir of the outer shell? It contains two heat exchangers A 4, compressor Ve, expansion chamber VY, heat insulator AY and fluid supply VY conductors. The heat insulator 11 comprises an annular hollow body; where it extends coaxially with the 0 axis 0 and to support (iad) the toroidal body can include a sale buffer. And the axis * is hollow roi by means of To slits in pha a fluid connection between the outlet of the expansion Bass 11 and the inlet of the compressor 01. The compressor 01 is mounted in a rotating manner on the axis 0 Cua It includes a set of vanes 11 and is located by means of the end wall of the rotor 4 . The expansion chamber V1 defined in the I central section establishes a fluid connection between the outlet 0 of the compressor 01 and the inlet of the expansion chamber 11. The cross sectional area and the annular shape of the coaxial chamber are constant along its length . One of the heat exchangers A encapsulates the second chamber. In this example; The heat exchanger A comprises an array of axially expanded tubes 11 of the counter-current heat exchanger with fluid in a concentric chamber 11 and insulated return tubes hs (not shown) connected by rotable fluid couplings to the NY source and to exit 110b; no, ve separately. Baa Jad The expansion 11 is on a set of vanes (not shown) and thus acts as a turbine and the other heat exchanger 9 is integrated into the expansion chamber by means of circulating fluid couplings to the source 11c and to the outlet AY

-Yo._

In this example; the rotor is filled; in argon at a pressure of 01 bar (at temp

surrounding and when the rotor is not rotating).

The cycle of this device is illustrated in Figures A!5 GF and includes isoentropy compression -1(

isothermal heat transfer (YoY) in the second chamber (V1) 0 and isothermal expansion (1-7) in the expansion chamber (11).

In another embodiment the apparatus is set up according to Jal's invention to provide mainly cooling; For example in

The cair-conditioning system reverses the fluid cycle. Heat is transferred from the fluid

to the relatively hot medium during fluid compression; Se by heat exchanger (4) in a chamber

compression (11) and the fluid during or after expansion or before compression;” eg by heat exchanger 0 (not shown in the figures) in or around the axis (0) of the apparatus and connected to a medium where it is cooled.

Also in the AT embodiment; The device includes two or more rotors coupled in series or in series

parallelism. For example » in configurations including two rotors in

sequence; The hot medium is fed from the first rotor to a low rotor temperature heat exchanger

the second. As a result, the heat transfer to a high-temperature heat exchanger in the second rotor at vo increases significantly; When compared to the heat transfer of the first rotor. It can use the cold middle of the rotor

The first is as a cccoolant, for example, in an air conditioner

The invention is not limited to previously described embodiments; That can vary in a number of ways

Within the content of the protection elements. For example (JB) other mediums can be used; Jie

111 - - carbon dioxide, hydrogen, chydrogen and/[©0; in heat exchangers in the rotor.

Claims (1)

- Wo - items of protection 1.1 A process for transferring heat transferring heat from a first relatively cold medium ¥ to a second relatively hot medium ¥ a second relatively hot medium where it includes ¥ rotation of a quantity present A compressible fluid around the axis of rotation ~~ £ 0 thus works on compressing the fluid in the direction away from the axis of rotation 1 f v transferring is less Heat from the compressed fluid to the second medium ¢medium A 4 Expanding the fluid in the direction towards the axis of rotation 0 Transferring weight The heat is from the first medium to the fluid 11 while the limit is at least mainly Jal the heat transfer between the expanded fluid 10 and the compressed fluid ccompressed fluid YA is in isotropic compression of the thermodynamic cycle where the thermodynamic cycle comprises 10" isobaric heat primarily; isentropic compression entropy 0 . essentially isothermal expansion Basic and isothermal expansion transfer 0 first from the first medium heat where heat 1 is transferred according to protection number Process ?. Expansion 1 process to fluid 0 during expansion medium ¥ expansion any fluid Where the fluid is heated ALL according to any of the protection elements Process? 1 and/or has a temperature at least equal to the surrounding environment of the first medium surroundings ¥ compression where AGL compression is performed according to any of the protections Process * 1 rotates at rates Cus separate impellors Jilusy expansion and expansion different rates * where the acceptor fluid AL contains or is formed according to any of the protective elements Process 1. 1 mono—atomic element on Primarily from a monatomic compressible fluid of compressible ¥ NS and preferably “VAS (Z) atomic number as it has an atomic number 19 - - 1 l. (1) Apparatus device for transferring heat transferring heat from a relatively first Hb medium (cold medium) to a second relatively hot medium where it includes a gas-tight Y rotor gastight rotor (4;) where it is rotatingly mounted in the oY) frame and ¢ is fitted inside the rotor ¢ 1© Vo ) compressor for 1 (A) first heat exchanger Jd to transfer the heat transferring from the fluid 0 to v the second medium and is located relatively far from the axis of rotation of the rotor A ( ¢ ) 4 chamber defined expansion chamber ( 11); for fluid expansion 0 and a (V€) channel to convert the conveying expanded fluid from expansion chamber (11) expansion chamber 1 to the compressor ( 10); thermodynamic cycle 04 of the Cua process is essentially isentropic Lug ANI compression 0; and isobaric heat transfer in a x-primarily way and isothermal expansion in a fundamentally ‘ Yo. second Comprising a second heat exchanger Cua (Y according to claim No. (1) apparatus A 1 expansion apparatus which is thermally coupled to or forming part of the expansion chamber “(4) heat exchanger Y 11) (chamber where the compressor A or No. 1 according to any of the elements of protection No. (1) includes an apparatus 4. 1 main rotor where it can rotate in proportion to the main rotor on rotor 0) compressor and (¢) first heat of claim No. 9; Where the first heat exchanger (1) apparatus extends (1.01 apparatus). (¢) gastight rotor of the axis of rotation in parallel with the (A) exchanger Y where it comprises a -01 motor 1 Pursuant to any of the Claims Nos. (1) apparatus 1.11 where the rotating eotor(s) driving is installed for at least one (VY) motor conveying To convert the (V¢) channel in the channel Wha and couple it (€) rotor Jala (v) motor to the compressor (11) expansion chamber of expanded fluid Alle. ( 0 (compressor ©) where one or more VY = 01; according to any of claims Nos. (1) apparatus VY-plate heat exchanger comprises a plate heat exchanger of the heat exchangers “