SA08290512B1 - Gravitational Method and Apparatus for Measuring True Vertical Depth in A Borehole - Google Patents

Abstract

Abstract: A method for measuring the true vertical depth in a borehole well, the method includes: measuring the gravitational acceleration in a borehole well, and estimating the true main depth from the measurement.

Description

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Gravity-based device and method for measuring the true vertical depth in a wellbore

Gravitational Method and Apparatus for True Vertical Measuring

Depth in A Borehole Full Description Background of the Invention The invention described herein relates to the estimation of the true vertical depth in a well bore. Especial; The invention measures a wheel. For this estimate borehole yu for a crater dal) it is important to make accurate measurements of geological formations hydrocarbons in the exploration of hydrocarbons below the surface of the earth containing these oil and gas stores geologic geological formations geologic © may include layers Various composition and combinations. In a search for geologic petroleum and gas geological formations, it is important to know the location and composition of the formation layers and the various structures. It is important to know the geologic formations and provides us with information that is useful for the location of the stock from the geologic stock. Properties of measurements of geological formations retrieved by drilling boreholes in the surface gas and gas oil oil dale face gas uh oil and gas 0 geologic underground. Bore openings also provide us with an entrance (rescuer) to take measurements of geological formations from a borehole in geologic is an art used to take measurements of geological formations Well Drilling a well borehole borehole one model (drilling tool) Lowered on the end of a wire line in a wellbore, it sends data via the wire line to the surface for recording. The output from the look tool (measurement) is presented in a variety of forms, measuring many types of measurements that are conducted to obtain information about geological formations (Log). Some examples of geologic measurements are impedance measurements and measurements » neutron logs;

Conformity is a common factor measured by the depth of the borehole that is related to the measurements. For example, he makes measurements of the resilience time; The measurements are related to the depth of the borehole yu at which the measurement is made. In the face of (ale) many measurements of the various measurements are analyzed to make an accurate estimate of the geologic formations. Geologic The various measurements are viewed side by side to form a picture of the composition of the geological formations © 0106. Therefore, it is important to have accurate knowledge of the depth of the bore hole and the direction of the drilling measuring equipment when taken In measurement The direction of the measuring equipment is identical with respect to the axis head and magnetic north .So that small errors in the estimation of the wellbore depth do not spoil the measurement data.Assuming that the measuring tool moves smoothly through the borehole yd is not always possible due to circumstances Wrinkling and adhesion of the borehole.0 Additionally, the centering of the stomach and the de-centering may keep the measuring equipment from moving smoothly (easily).Horizontal deviations of the borehole also lead to errors in the measurement of the depth of the borehole. True vertical depth) of the logging instrument The horizontal deviations are not equivalent to the true head depth What is needed is a device and method to take measurements of the true vertical depth of the logging instrument 0 General description of the invention Overcomes the mentioned limitations In the previous art, we provide additional advantages through a method for measuring the real vertical depth in a borehole (A) borehole. The method includes: measuring the acceleration of gravity in a well bore and calculating (estimating) the true vertical depth from the measurement. A method is also described for estimating the change in a real vertical depth. (TVD) in a borehole The method includes: Performing a first measurement of the gravitational af cacceleration 0 - a second measurement of the gravitational acceleration; and estimate change 2 TVD where p (0.0419) / count = A(TVD) YAS)

represents the change in Ag (TVD) represents the change in the “gravitational acceleration” and m represents the relative density of all formations across a borehole at 50:8101 from the position of the first measurement to the position of the second measurement. My head is real in a borehole.” The tool has: a scale (gravity © qualitative balance) and a presents processor prepared for: receiving the measurement of gravity in the borehole yu from the gauge and estimating the true vertical depth from the measurements.A brief explanation of the drawings by referring now to the drawings Where similar elements are numbered similarly in the polymorphisms 1 JSS illustrates an ideal model of a drilling measuring tool in a well bore for penetration into the ground; 0 Figure 28 and 2B combined indicate as in Fig. 38 and 35 shows an ideal figure of the interferometer with a metric displacement sensor Fig. 4 shows an ideal figure of the gauge with a packet break Figure © shows an ideal figure of the interferometer displacement sensor Ne Figure + shows an ideal figure of a continuous drill measuring tool By computer; Figure 1 shows a way to measure the difference of gravity acceleration ¢ and Figure A shows an ideal way to produce a Jogging instrument The supplied models provide us with a device and a method for measuring the true vertical depth. Included is the gravitational acceleration 0 (or gravimetric) measurement of the gravitational acceleration. gravitational acceleration at a point in a borehole connected to true vertical depth from some perspective; It is known that gravity accelerates when subject changes according to various factors. For example the gravitational acceleration at the position to be affected as a truffle

by the size and orientation of any ABS near or surrounding the locus ( where orientation includes the direction and distance from the block

corresponding to the position). Accordingly; In a cborehole the acceleration of gravity at any given position (or (point)

as used herein) affected by the mass of the waveform geological formations around the cole face

Contributions from geologic formations are rotationally symmetric with respect to lad directions, so that

© The direction of acceleration due to gravity is usually pointed directly toward the center of the Earth.

Only rarely will there be an abnormally large concentration of mass that breaks this symmetry as a result of which direction the gravitational acceleration becomes

It is tilted slightly away from the center of the Earth and toward the center of this mass. the highest surface of the earth; Gravity Wheel

The incidence, Jie, is the reflection squared of the distance, J, from the center of the Earth.

According to (IN) the acceleration of gravity in a borehole varies with the depth in a borehole. If the density of the Earth were constant 0 from the surface to the center then below the surface of the Earth the acceleration of gravity would be linear. At a given depth;

The value of the gravitational acceleration will be proportional to the residual distance to the center of the Earth.

The value will reach zero at the center of the Earth. While the Earth is denser than the center

Surface. Accordingly, a good model is needed for the gravitational acceleration.

A good model for estimating the gravitational acceleration of the Earth includes a series of thin center and a regular spherical wall 1; Each wall has a different density. in this form; the position of the points within a selected wall; There is a network distribution of

Zero to the acceleration of gravity due to the mass of the chosen wall. So; In the borehole dip in the borehole

The acceleration due to gravity is proportional to the product of the true vertical depth and the mean density of the Earth between the surface and the point at

blister pit Where two places define the spherical wall of the Earth above the true vertical depth.

This relationship gives out of the equation? (Represented by Lag follows). Accordingly; Uses a gravitational accelerometer that includes “0 on the gravitational acceleration scale at a selected point in the borehole si a change in true vertical depth estimated

From the change in gravitational acceleration between two chosen points and the average formation density between those two points.

to

generally; The output of a gravity accelerometer is zigzag with respect to the depth in a wellbore. The output indicates TVD (true vertical depth) because in general the acceleration due to gravity does not vary with the horizontal deviations of the blister or wire line span. by true vertical depth measurement; Gravity accelerometer counts horizontal diffraction and logging instrument does not move smoothly through a borehole oo Referring to fig. 1; well logging instrument LA showing equipment (equipped) in a borehole ?. Measuring tool Jai 01 on its housing Tool 1 prepared for use in borehole Lh 7. Borehole? 1 drilled through earth and penetrate formations of which include layers of different formations A4 - 24 . Measuring tool 01 is lowered congruently in it and withdrawn from the borehole? By using a Ve 1 armored electrical cable or similar belt as known in this art. a gravimeter © set inside a logging instrument 10; generally; Gravity 0 is associated with the device for at least one workpiece and the recording measurement of the gravimeter ©. The device may be placed at least by one in the logging instrument and at the surface of the earth 7. In some models; borehole Jb? It includes Ji materials found in the oil exploration. It includes 5. A mixture of cole Jia fluids, drilling fluid, “mud”; Oil and liquid composition fluids that go into different configurations. And those skilled in the art will get acquainted with the different features (Jie) encountered in the vicinity (middle) of the subsurface as referred to (formations). Accordingly, it is considered that the term (formations) generally refers to the beneficial geological formations; Therefore the term (configurations) as used here in some examples; It may include any useful geological points (Jia) surveying the layer (survey area 0) for the purposes of this discussion; it is assumed that the borehole is vertical and that the formations are horizontal. Odd (skewed), horizontal or with formation seams A4 - 1284 at any arbitrary angle Art is equally suitable for use in measuring while drilling (1.1577) and in borehole - YAR) v

Open and slotted — clad with wire line applications. In LWD applications gravimeter © May

Arrange in collar drill roll p0:1110. When used in drilling (LWD) applications it may pause temporarily to prevent

Vibrations when the gravimeter © is in the performance of the measurement.

generally; In a cborehole gravity decreases as the depth increases. for the value of gravity at the surface

oo for a borehole lowering (fall) in the gravitational acceleration p A at the true vertical depth given by the equation: 1 46 Jian constant (approximately 7.1419695 ); 6 represents the gravitational constant (01 x AY) dle Tia / (Nm? 0 © m) Relative density higher 358 Utility ((gmfec) a represents true vertical depth (TVD) in metres).

For the above; The rate of decrease in gravity acceleration with increasing depth depends on the medium volume density of the formation

;. The average bulk density is substituted in m in equation 1

There are multiple methods for obtaining the average volume density. One of the methods used is an average of YTV gm fee 0 for rocks in the outer crust of the Earth. 107 Formation density tool may provide accurate measurements of volume density.

Medium by directly measuring in situ volume density is another method for measuring the porosity of a formation; by

Nuclear magnet acoustic measurement or neutron logs, and then we impose an average particle density of 7.11 gm fee

To estimate the localized volume density. then; Calculate the density of a medium weight-thickness composition using Jie densitometry

Measure gamma-gamma log Lela - Lala and estimate the change in (TVD) be AES average weight - thickness 0 for the formation calculated for the slope of a borehole for example; if “feet of measurement for some fixed density area ;

M » borehole The angle of inclination is 0 with respect to the head; Then configure the density of the average weight - the thickness of the area

becomes m (0 COS 6). by density measurement and associated depth; calculates the volumetric density of the formations; from

‎YAS

A

surface to a selected depth. Measurements from the borehole gauge do not require a high level of accuracy to provide a medium volume density -Y borehole yu for the formations; Between the surface and the surface induced at the position in the saa hole, a change in the gravitational acceleration Ag gravitational acceleration from the surface to the true vertical depth has been calculated according to the equation? : z Ag = (0.0419 p)*A(TVD) ° 0 n represents the change of AS in gravity (in milligal) from surface down to TVD (in metres); And m represents an average density for all formations from the surface to (ingm / cc) TVD in the face of (ale). The volume density of the geological formation is used to comply with the gravitational acceleration with the angi TVD. Multiple methods 0 to estimate the volume density. One method for the purpose of relying on Knowledge of geologic data in the vicinity of a borehole Another way to measure the porosity of the formation using a nuclear magnetic resonance logging tool for example Calculate knowledge of the porosity Volumetric density Medium grain density 7,17 gm / CC as used for the calculation equation ?may be arranged to estimate the true vertical depth as given in the equation ?

A(TVD) = Ag/ (0.0419) equation © ( m ) 0 may lead to each connected drill pipe or wire line survey point. For example TVD calculation to estimate cell) according to TVD /n« p; Change in CC 7.67 and average volumetric density (ug +) - ( milligal +,) Ag Example equals noun / sec ' or gal meter Note that one Ad - (419 000 * 267) / (4) is approximately one thousandth of the acceleration due to gravity; p at the Earth's surface is 8:08 7; the value of p is about 'cm/sec 3800-00 m. 0001 Depth not determined using a measurement method An appropriate depth during excavation is about one meter for each, to have a better level © gravimeter. Therefore, an improvement over the method of measuring the appropriate depth for the gravimeter. How much q is the level of accuracy for each position (position) at all temperatures during excavation. 0.1 milligal accuracy for logging processes and drill gauges

Measurement to measure gravity© varies in gravitational acceleration by measuring the microscopic displacement of a supporting mass supported by a suspension such that any proof masses © will move a given quantity upon quantity of the different gravitational force acting on the proof mass mass The quantity of the gravitational force is related to the magnitude of the gravitational acceleration of the solid mass 01001. The mass of an acceleration

Gravity is calculated by knowing the mass of the proof mass and the gravitational force. © Measuring gravity is at the very least a micro-electromechanical- system (MEMS) system and a nano-electromechanical system (NEMS) nano-clectromechanical A system of at least 0 estimation of a gravimetric fragment © created from a single-crystal silicon using the familiar arts of those skilled in the case of this art. The arts include photolithography (export); electron beam lithography and micromachining; Albuquerque Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico, demonstrates the methods of this art by building a metric wheel measuring instrument with at least one of the MEMS and NEMS shapes. Ve illustrates an ideal gravimeter ©. Referring to the figure QA the gravimeter © includes a 00 proof mass attached by means of a suspension ?7. Suspension ?7 allows a displacement of the proof mass. It goes to displacement, YY, as a result of the gravitational force, YY, acting on the ascending mass. 2B shows an ideal model of a gravimeter © with an increase in the gravitational force YY at another location. With reference to Figure 2B, the solid mass, proof 01 85, leads to an increase in the gravitational acceleration estimated from the difference between the displacement

too

.

17 at the position represented in Figure 3 and the displacement YY at the position represented in Figure 2A alternately 0 the increase in

The gravitational acceleration is estimated from the difference in the gravitational acceleration derived from displacement 71 in Figure 28 and the gravitational acceleration

The derivative of displacement 1 in Fig. 2B

The commenter TT shows specifications in which at least one linear and non-linear 0 linear specifications are provided

- It was not YT that is directly proportional to the tension of the suspension 77. If the TY was closed by the force exerted by the suspension 0

linear. Then use the linear cycle to compensate for the non-linear specification. Before discussing gravimetric © in preference;

We provide specific tariffs

The convention (single pattern) relates to an individual ray or packet of light The convention (diffraction grating) relates to a grating

For longitudinal elements that are generally parallel to each other. A light ray of diffraction grating is generally deflected in more than 0 by one beam

Gravimeter © measures displacement 71 using an interferometric displacement sensor. Displacement interferometric sensor

Include an arrow (lad) for the check diffraction elements that affect the check diffraction. A quantity to branch between network elements

grid elements relates to the displacement 71 of the solid mass . 71 proof masses There are at least two methods

A displacement sensor for an interferometric intensity measurement of a single light diffraction model for the grid elements Vo tabulated beam. Another method, called the metric interferometric displacement sensor, is used to measure the intensity of a single diffraction pattern

Light through the beam of the elements of a grid.

The variation in YY displacement due to changes in the YY gravitational force is qualitatively small.

Using NEMS MEMS (sil) is provided to create a diffraction network with small dimensions in space for the elements of the network

grid elements tabular. Small dimensions are to be matched around at least one scale - 0 micrometers and nanometers. with small dimensions; Small change in displacement 1 ? It results in a significant change in intensity for light

At least one estimate of the divergence (reflection) and diffraction through the ray of the tabulated lattice elements. Uses

Matches a laser as a light source. Lasers generally provide light with a wavelength that is less than the dimensions of the diffraction grating. because

Z 51 m

11? has an inappropriate effect. By means of the diffraction net, we have the dimensions of 1 change in displacement (peal) wavelength in picometres or less to be measured. Jie small 71 small; Offsets YN TF Figure 3 shows an ideal model of a 3+0 telescoping metric scale displacement sensor. In the model in the form of the suspension of a metric overlapping displacement sensor Je in the model of Figure 7. Figure-38 shows the view of the top of YT orthogonal to the suspension of the overlapping metric displacement sensor 3A with reference to the figure. interferometer displacement sensor © grid elements Includes 01 interferometer displacement sensor glad 01 interferometer displacement sensor © grid elements Also includes Ve 01 proof mass . 1 "when moving" 9 support substrate Stabilizer for the supported substrate YY grid elements Static for grid elements For SL elements (for beam TY Rigid block 17; moveable beam for grid elements

0 Grid, YY grid elements With respect to figure 3A, static mass 01 moves in a perpendicular direction to plane 7. Offset 71 relates to the movement of the moveable ray of the grid elements, VY, with respect to the static ray of the grid elements, FY. The level by a movable ray of grid elements, VY, moving perpendicular to the plane formed by the static ray, YY grid elements. The quantity of the branch or offset, YY, is a quantity to separate the levels.

0 FIGURE 3B illustrating an exemplary side view of a displacement sensor for interferometer 30. Referring to FIG. 3B is an adjacent TV light source illuminating (illuminating) the diffraction pattern created by the moveable ray of grid elements 1? And the stationary beam of the network elements, TY, the adjacent light source, VY, provides us with adjacent light ;; The adjacent light VE deviates from the diffraction pattern and provides diffracted light ©?. The intensity of diffraction light © measured with an FT light detector The intensity of diffraction light YO is related to the displacement amount 1 ? who is spinning

0 is related to gravitational acceleration. Figure 38 shows the directions V4 in which the 001 proof mass moves.

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VY interferometer on various elements of a metric interferometer Jody may © gravimeter differ for adjacent light source ?? The Jal stereoscope provides us with an LF displacement sensor in form; An ideal model of a gravimeter with a £0 beam splitter demonstrates a 177 photo detector coherent from interference with adjacent light ¥7 photo detector (gall supplied to prevent the detector 500 beam “Y¢ light © 7) The photodetector oF measures the intensity in another object of the displacement sensor of an interferometer and the detector TT of a single model of diffraction of light through the diffraction grating Referring to Figure 00 of the adjacent light source ? grid elements 1 photo detector YY grid elements can include many solids Gravimeter © designed to measure acceleration in © gravimeter 0 on more than one solid mass Jay in one direction; 2 or 3 directions gravimetric 0 competition high motion for mass + 500 interferometer displacement sensor and one metric interferometer Yeo displacement sensor are orthogonal to each other to measure acceleration in YY order as a result of that displacement Yo proof mass Solid is made to move in more than one dimension. Sensitive 1 070071701855858 in more than one dimension. Interchangeably solid masses are made to measure the displacement of the 500 interferometer displacement sensor in more than one dimension. also; Gravity meter © integrates 560 metric interferometer displacement sensors. For example 0 designates for each dimension of mass movement a 560 interferometer displacement sensor (dab) metric; sensitive. + proof masses 01 well logging instrument yall in general; A drilling measuring tool or after the drilling operations under consideration. operation during drilling 0 with reference to Fig. 1; Performance device to tell here clarity. In Figure 1 the device includes a matching computer; 01 well logging instrument paired with a 0 computer

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VY

Includes components necessary to provide real-time playback of data from the Well Drilling Tool 01 computer. Ideally, components include; Without limitation. at least one operator; .01 well logging instrument store; memory; input device output device and the like. These components are known to the skilled in this art. This is evidenced by preference and discussion here as well. Logarithm 0 stored on a readable medium - a phonon-matching algorithm machine here reduces the logarithm © and provides us with an operator with a desired output. The output is symmetric. 01 computer is a tool by the computer algorithm of the generator on a real-time basis. Gravitational is used to provide real-time measurements of the acceleration of gravity. 28 © gravimeter Gravimeter is taken to generate the basic data at Ads - Data is generated in (time) lia as used 0. A rate that is useful or appropriate for the decision-maker during or combining flow with operation such as production, testing, demonstration 0

Jie (revision) and other types of scans or uses that may be affected by the user or operator. Example Un-specified; Real-time measurements and calculations to provide the user with the necessary information to make the desired adjustment during drilling operations. in one stereoscopic can be on a continuous basis (at the rate of drilling); Whereas in a stereoscopic setting, other adjustments may require periodic cessation of drilling for data estimation. Accordingly, real-time recognition taken in context is not necessary to explain the estimate of where the data is, or to make any other suggestions about the 0 temporal frequency of data collection and estimation. It may be achieved during the performance Hana for the well-known arts related to operation and data compensation. Accordingly, additional correction factors and other targets for real-time operation may be used. Advantages; The user may apply a desired type control allowance to the data; Thus, the beam gravimeter NEMS 5 MEMS drawing a balance between the speed to estimate the data and by at least 0 average of the beam output may be used. 01 logging instrument may be arranged in the gravimeter To shorten the ON time by a factor (SNR) to improve the signal to noise ratio Ak

Vi if SNR is used where gravity is measured and keeps (remains) the same Y borehole i wait for each point in a borehole one longer waiting time. gravimeter gravimeter in a gravitational acceleration to measure the change of acceleration Gravity Ve represents an ideal method Vv form prepared for insertion into a hole 01 proof masses solid mass 71 claims to choose Ve method LY borehole method NEMS s MEMS implemented by at least one 00? And where the solid mass borehole is a well © at the surface 1 year; The first measurement may be performed in a wellbore (ang LY) A first measurement of displacement VY An invitation to perform Ve or output for a wellbore? At the surface of the Earth 7. In a stereoscopic one, the first measurement may be calibrated to measure 1 of the Earth (V call, as well as the gravitational acceleration) indicating calibration. METHOD 1) Gravity © by successive measurements of the displacement below the surface ¥ borehole ?. The second measurement is generally performed in a bore hole 1 of the displacement SU measured VY to perform the change in acceleration of gravity using two Measurements In general; VE is called for estimating the Ve of the path LY of the Earth 0 The change in gravitational acceleration may be estimated using at least one of the two methods A first method calls for estimating the change in gravitational acceleration using a difference between the first measurement And the second measurement. In general, when used, it is linear. A second method is called for estimating the difference in gravitational acceleration by YY. The first method: Suspension Subtract the gravitational acceleration derived from the second measurement from the gravitational acceleration derived from the first measurement. In general; Change VE from linear and non-linear method Estimate aly May be YY when using second method Suspension 05 at position where second measurement leads Measurement may also result TVD in gravitational acceleration May include estimation 7. The borehole is the first and the second measurement is in the same position in a hole “at the bottom of the earth’s surface” and approximate to Genesis 4; then the measurement is borehole yi if the first measurement is performed in the hole of the second it may be performed in the same position but at a later time. By not changing position. gravitational analogy guides in formation; resemblance Measuring the hydrocarbons changes in the acceleration of gravity resulting from the leaching of hydrocarbons Y- resulting from the injection of dioxide gravitational acceleration © measures changes in the acceleration due to gravity. 4 or water in the formation carbon dioxide (YA)

Vo To measure the acceleration of gravity in 01 logging instrument To produce a logging instrument 800 there is an ideal method A graph that includes mass © gravimeter AY Route 80 calls for choosing a borehole bore hole For insertion into a bore hole and carried out by at least 0 Led proof masses 01 proof masses © gravimetric instrument in its housing the AY tool calls for place 01 and 2115115. Method MEMS One pas 1 .housing ©

It may be distinguished in some situations to supply a dime quantity to a branch of the network elements, YY grid elements, with respect to the elements of the network, TY (such as zero for example) for one of the first measurement and the second measurement. The branch is supplied by a power feed control system as it is known in the art. The force feedback control system can be used to compensate the effect due to the gravimeter inclination

0 in certain embodiments; The gravimeter© may be arranged in more than one gravure measuring instrument. 01 In these models the response from the gravimeter© may combine to produce an inverse response. Use multiple gravimeters. The production backlash response is adjacent to what is stated herein and is part of the description of the invention. A gravimeter© may be used to measure at least one estimate of the relative acceleration and acceleration of gravity

1 Absolute attraction. A measurement with respect to the acceleration of gravity involves comparing the displacement YY of two measurements. Measurement of absolute acceleration of gravity involves calibrating a gravimeter© of a standard gravimeter to supply a calibration point. The calibration involves the standard gravitational acceleration accelerometer to measure displacement 1 ? by gravimeter ©. The absolute gravitational acceleration at a position can be measured by estimating a difference in displacement 71 from the calibration point:

In support of what Hana told me, various analysis components may be used, including digital and/or analog systems for Analog 1, for example; Digital and/or analog systems may have a © gravimeter May use linear cycle and force feedback control system. gravity scale 5

41 m

Components (Jade Jie storage media; memory; Jaa output; wired (Sha) cwireless communications line; pulsed mud; optical or other) such as interferences; software; A signal player (digital or analog) and the last of these components (Jie) is a resistor, a detector, a capacitor, an indicator, and others (others) to supply the operation and analysis of the devices, and a method that is described here in any multiple ways. Guess © - well. In Art. Possibly educational; but not needed 280 In connection with a Mie computer Instructions stored on a computer readable medium Includes CD-ROMs (ROMs, Rams) (oe or (disk hard drives) of a magnetic or other type when it performs the calculation states of the dan! method of the present invention These instructions may be provided for operation of the equipment;

to the system designer; owner; One or another user (add Jie) in addition to the functions described in this description.

0 Also various other components may Jedi and calls for supply with the aim of teaching here. For example; power supply (eg at least one generator; control supply and battery) cap unit; heating component; moving force J) translation force; proportional force or rotational force) cuban vector; future; airtight sender receiver; optical unit optical lens an electrical unit or an electromechanical unit that may be involved in supporting the various purposes described here or in supporting other functions around this

0 Description. Elements of solids that can be included with either the parts (a) or (an) Clauses verify the meaning of one or more of the elements The conventions (include) and (have) indicate the presence of additional elements other than the listed elements. Conjunction (or) when used with what is written at least two conventions achieve the meaning of the convention union of the conventions (first) and (second) are used for distinguishing elements and are not used to clarify a special matter.

0 It is well known that the various components of the technology provide specific necessities, useful functions, or features. Accordingly; Such functions and features may need to be supported by the protections provided and extensions of that resource; Include here the eda from the teaching and part of the description of the invention.

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While the invention is described by reference to ideal figures; You will understand the various changes to making equivalents and may substitute for the elements of that source without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention. In addition to many modifications that will be implemented to prepare a particular tool; Situations or materials for news about the invention without deviating from the objective and essential essence of that source. Therefore, the invention is achieved without being restricted or limited to the figures, in particular, described as a detailed model implemented to implement the invention. However, the invention will include objects that fall within the scope of the protections provided. ©

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Claims (1)

Claims 1-1 Method for Measuring the True Vertical Depth in the cborehole i The method includes: 0 Measuring the acceleration of gravity in the borehole and + Determining the True Vertical Depth from the measurement. 0 ?- the method as in item 1” also includes the selection of the effective mass to measure the gravitational acceleration; 0 The effective mass of blister intercalation is adapted to 50:61016. =v 1 method as in ?; where the effective mass is applied by means of an electromechanical system - at least one micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) .nano-electromechanical system (NEMS) sb v 1 4- Method as in element ?; Where the measurement includes measuring the displacement of the effective proof mass .mass Y 1 0 method as in the ¢ ¢ element where the J measurement of a displacement involves measuring the property of light that 0 diffracts at least outside the diffraction grating and diffracts through the diffraction grating; The diffraction grid coupled y is coupled with the effective mass. proof mass -1 -1 method as in the © element; Where the property is also the intensity of light ZV The method is as in item 1, where the method is implemented by means of a computer program product stored on machine-readable media. 1 “#- method for determining the change in true vertical depth (TVD) in a borehole v; The method includes: + Perform a first ¢first measurement of - a second measurement of the gravitational acceleration «second measurement and Set the change in TVD where A(TVD) = Ag / (0.0419) p 1 7 where A(TVD) is the change in TVD ¢ : and “gravitational acceleration” is the change in gravitational acceleration, Ag A from borehole ill position m. Represents the relative density of all formations along borehole 45 of the first measurement to the location of the second measurement. _ 0 1 +- The method as in cA also includes density measurement; op for all formations along the borehole ill from the first measurement location to the second measurement location. « average density Method as in item 5; It also includes an average density calculation of 0 - 1 Sy -11 1 The method is as in element A, where the average density is about 17,? Y grams per Sans ‎YAS) Ye Tool includes: ¢ borehole gauge for determination of vertical depth in a 1-1" borehole; gravimeter Y: for processor adapted 1" gravimeter of gravimeter borehole Receive the gravity acceleration measurement in the borehole $ and set the true vertical depth from the measurement. Y nano electromechanical-system (MEMS) ¥ 'electromechanical-system (NEMS) 3 .proof mass displacement sensor to measure the displacement of the effective mass ° .proof mass Also includes a suspension Associated with the active mass VY the tool as in element 4-1 at least one. spring where the suspension includes a zebrak VE the tool as in element 1#©-1 at least one on the constant spring where spring comprises VO the instrument as in vy linear spring constant element aa ztbrk 0 where the displacement sensor comprises a displacement sensor for interferometer VF the instrument as in element 17-1 -interferometer displacement sensor comprises ~~ ¢ Ack 1 μm of the instrument as in the VV element where the displacement sensor for the interferometer includes: the displacement sensor comprises v a light source ¢ ¢ a system of moveable grid elements coupled to the mass Efficiency proof mass ° ¢ 1 Fixed grid element system where the grid elements system is implemented by at least 7 micro-electromechanical-system (MEMS) A and nano-electromechanical system ¢nano-electromechanical-system (NEMS) and 4 photodetectors -photo detector 4001 1- The tool is as in the VA element where the light source includes a laser light source .comprises a laser 0 0 1?- the tool as in the VA element where at least one of the “proof mass 0” comprises the suspension; a system of animated grid elements; .stationary grid elements comprise silicon YAQY