RU96488U1 - MEANS OF INDIVIDUAL PROTECTION OF HUMAN RESPIRATORY BODIES - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. Personal respiratory protective equipment containing a nasal cavity obturator made of a gas-tight elastic material, on which inspiration and expiration valve bodies are fixed, and means for attaching filter-absorbing elements, a hood made in the form of a bag made of transparent at least in the region eye, non-combustible, gas-tight film having holes for attachment to the obturator of the nasal cavity, tightly worn on the valve body of the inspiration and exhalation, headband, providing a tight fit rush of the obturator of the nasal cavity to the person’s face, characterized in that the headband contains a system of elastic ribbons attached to the obturator of the nasal cavity, the first of which provides tension in the direction from the nose to the back of the head, and the second in the direction from the chin to the parietal part of the head, the first and the second ribbon is connected to a single system by an insert, two inspiration valves are located on the sides of the obturator obturator, and an overlay in the form of a chamber made of an elastic mother is fixed to the body of the exhalation valve la, open on one side. ! 2. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for attaching the filtering and absorbing elements are made in the form of glasses of elastic material. ! 3. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that in the lower part of the hood under the obturator of the nasal cavity in the neck area of a person is placed a ribbon of adjustable length with a fastener, which serves to improve the obturation of the hood. ! 4. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the insert connecting the first and second headband ribbons is made of inelastic material. ! 5. Means

Description

The utility model relates to personal respiratory protective equipment and is intended for use in hazardous aerosols, vapors, and gases in a polluted environment.

Known personal protective equipment for human respiratory organs, containing a half mask of a gas-tight elastic material and a hood made in the form of a bag of a non-combustible, gas-tight film (RU 2240160С1, А62В 18/04, 2004, RU 2214295C1, А62В 7/10, 2003 RU 65385 U1, A62B 15/00, 2007).

The closest in technical essence is a means of individual protection of human respiratory organs, which contains an obturator of the nasal cavity of sorption-filtering material, adjustable in size using an elastic cord, on which an exhalation valve is fixed, a hood made in the upper part in the form of a bag of non-combustible gas-tight film, in the lower part of the filtering or sorption-filtering material, attached to the oral obturator through an opening tightly worn on the body of the exhalation valve, og tin, providing a snug fit of the obturator of the nasal cavity to the person’s face (RU 65385U1, А62В 15/00, 2007).

The disadvantage of the prototype is the inconvenience of its use for people with different head sizes, for example, adults and children, as well as insufficient protective properties.

Adjusting the size of the obturation strip with an elastic cord for people with different face sizes is a relatively difficult operation for an unprepared user, especially in an emergency.

The presence of an elastic cord that allows you to adjust the size of the obturator by pulling it along the edge of the half mask, suggests making the half mask from soft, easily deformable materials that are capable of being tightened. A half mask made of such material may not provide an acceptable level of pressure on a person with a mustache and beard, for example, which may lead to a decrease in protective properties due to insufficient sealing of the mask space.

The ability to absorb vapors and gases, for example, combustion products, under dynamic conditions, for the air purification system made of sorption-filtering materials used in the prototype is an order of magnitude lower than the similar ability of cartridge-type filters used in personal respiratory protective equipment recommended in the fire system security.

The design of the half mask made of sorption-filtering material, even with an exhalation valve, does not completely exclude the contact of the absorber with exhaled moist air, which significantly limits the possibility of using hopcalite catalysts as absorbers, which provide protection from carbon monoxide, since these catalysts are quickly poisoned by moisture, which leads to significant reducing the rate of the catalytic process in dynamic conditions.

The objective of the utility model is to increase the protective properties and increase ease of use.

The task is achieved due to the following set of essential features: a personal respiratory protective device containing an obturator of the nasal cavity from a gas-tight elastic material, on which the valve body of the inspiration and expiration are fixed, and means for attaching the filter-absorbing elements (PPE), the hood, made in the form of a bag of a transparent, at least in the eye area, non-combustible, gas-tight film having holes for attachment to the obturator of the nasal cavity, ger the headband that is tightly worn on the valve body of the inhalation and exhalation valves, providing a snug fit of the nasal obturator to the person’s face, in which the headband contains a system of elastic ribbons attached to the nasal obturator, the first of which provides tension in the direction from the nose to the back of the head, and the second - in the direction from the chin to the parietal part of the head, with the first and second ribbons connected to a single system by an insert, two inspiration valves are located on the sides of the obturator of the nasal cavity, n the pad is attached to the body of the exhalation valve

Private significant features are

- means for fastening the PPE are made in the form of glasses of elastic material,

- in the lower part of the hood under the obturator of the nasal cavity in the neck area of a person placed a ribbon of adjustable length with a clasp, which serves to improve the obturation of the hood.

- the insert connecting the first and second headband ribbons is made of inelastic material,

- the ratio of the maximum length and width of the obturator of the nasal cavity is 1.5-2.0 and allows you to use the front part in the form of a half mask for people with a small face height and in the form of a quarter mask for people with a large face height.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, where:

figure 1 presents the appearance of the means worn on the head of a person on the side,

figure 2 is a front view,

figure 3 and 4 - placement options obturator of the nasal cavity on the heads of people with different face sizes (respectively, small and large).

The obturator 1 of the nasal cavity performs the following functions:

- provides isolation of the respiratory system (mouth and nose) of a person from the external environment;

- provides the flow of air to the respiratory system through PFE 2;

- is a bearing element on which other parts of the self-rescuer are fixed: a headband, a hood, inspiratory and expiratory valves, cuffs for fastening the PE.

A feature of the nasal obturator is its universal size, which makes it possible to use the self-rescuer by people with different geometric parameters of the face (adults and children from 7 years old). The universality of the size is ensured by the ratio of the height and width of the obturation strip (1.5-2.0) with the absolute value of the height of the obturator corresponding to the minimum height of the face of a child 7 years old (8 cm), as well as use cases in the form of a half mask (the lower part is under the chin ( figure 3) - for a small height of the face, or in the form of a quarter mask (the lower part is between the chin and the lower lip (figure 4) - for a large height of the face, which is also provided by the proposed system of elastic ribbons attached to the shutter.

The headband is designed to ensure a tight fit of the nasal obturator to the person’s face.

The headband is a system of elastic ribbons 3 and 4 attached to the obturator of the nasal cavity, the first of which (horizontal) 3 provides tension from the nose to the back of the head (in the horizontal direction), the second (vertical) 4 - from the chin to the parietal part of the head (in vertical direction). Due to the elasticity of the ribbons, the universality of the headband size is ensured. In addition, the horizontal braid 3 has a length adjuster 5, which can be used to provide higher comfort for people with abnormally large or small head sizes.

The horizontal and vertical ribbons of the headband are connected into a single system by a trapezoidal insert 6 of inelastic material. Such a connection provides the convenience of putting on the self-rescuer (when the lower braid moves through the head to the back of the head, the upper braid simultaneously moves to the parietal part of the head), as well as a stable position of the headband during the use of the self-rescuer.

The hood 7 of the self-rescuer is designed to isolate the human head from the external environment.

The hood is made in the form of a bag of transparent, non-combustible, gas-tight, durable polymer film. The hood is attached to the obturator of the nasal cavity at the locations of the three holes on the body of the inspiratory and expiratory valves. The tightness of the joints is ensured by clamping the polymer film of the hood between two elastic materials of the obturator of the nasal cavity and the lining of the inspiratory and expiratory valves, half mask and cuffs for fastening the PVF.

The holes for attaching the hood and the underside of the hood are reinforced with additional polymer tape to give them high tensile strength.

The lower part of the hood is equipped with a neck obturator 8 in the form of an elastic tape with a length adjuster, which ensures a tight fit of the hood to the neck of a person in order to prevent the passage of untreated air under the hood during breathing.

Inhalation valves are designed to prevent the intake of exhaled air by a person in the FPS. In addition, valve bodies are used to attach a hood and cuffs to them to fasten the PFE.

Valve bodies are made of hard plastic, valve membranes are made of flexible polymer material.

Two inspiratory valves are located on the sides of the nasal obturator.

The exhalation valve is designed to release air exhaled by a person into the atmosphere at the time of exhalation and to prevent the entry of untreated air into the mouth and nose at the time of inhalation. In addition, the body of the exhalation valve is used to attach the hood 7 and the valve cover 9 to it.

The valve plate 9 is made in the form of a chamber of elastic polymer material, is open on one side, and the expired air is released through the open part. Valve plate 9 protects the membrane of the exhalation valve from contamination and mechanical stress. In addition, the suction of air under the valve during inspiration (due to the inertia of the valve) occurs from the volume of the lining chamber (i.e., uncontaminated air from the volume of the previous exhalation enters the hood). When installing the exhalation valve, the elastic-elastic materials of the obturator of the nasal cavity and valve lining are densely pressed in (the hood film is placed between them) due to the use of cushioning and fixing rings (for example, according to the bayonet joint type).

The exhalation valve is located on the front side of the half mask opposite the person’s mouth.

Cuffs in the form of glasses made of elastic polymer material are intended for fastening self-rescuer filters in them. Elastic polymer material provides the necessary tightness between the inner surface of the cuff and the filter housing.

The cuffs are mounted on the sides of the nasal obturator on the inspiration valve bodies. The diameter of the cushioning ring is 0.75 of the diameter of the bottom of the cuff, which ensures that it is not stretched in the horizontal direction. The locking ring serves to tighten the elastically elastic materials of the obturator of the nasal cavity and the cuff with the polymer film of the hood between them.

On the locking ring there are protrusions that provide a guaranteed gap between the filter housing and the bottom of the cuff, which is necessary for an even distribution of pressure in the space behind the filter (breathing chamber).

FPEs are made in the form of round boxes of polymer material. Each element contains an anti-aerosol filter for cleaning inhaled air from solid and liquid aerosols and a combined charge for absorbing vapors and gases. Depending on the purpose of the protective device, both universal self-rescuers (comprehensive protection against carbon monoxide, organic, inorganic acidic, inorganic basic substances) and special self-rescuers can be created to protect against specific dangerous chemicals or certain groups of substances by changing the composition of the charge.

Thus, this tool is convenient to use, storage, provides increased protective properties, as well as enhanced functionality due to the possibility of use by people with different sizes of face and head.

Claims (5)

1. Personal respiratory protective equipment containing a nasal cavity obturator made of a gas-tight elastic material, on which inspiration and expiration valve bodies are fixed, and means for attaching filter-absorbing elements, a hood made in the form of a bag made of transparent at least in the region eye, non-combustible, gas-tight film having holes for attachment to the obturator of the nasal cavity, tightly worn on the valve body of the inspiration and exhalation, headband, providing a tight fit rush of the obturator of the nasal cavity to the person’s face, characterized in that the headband contains a system of elastic ribbons attached to the obturator of the nasal cavity, the first of which provides tension in the direction from the nose to the back of the head, and the second in the direction from the chin to the parietal part of the head, the first and the second ribbon is connected to a single system by an insert, two inspiration valves are located on the sides of the obturator obturator, and an overlay in the form of a chamber made of an elastic mother is fixed to the body of the exhalation valve la, open on one side. 2. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for attaching the filtering and absorbing elements are made in the form of glasses of elastic material. 3. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that in the lower part of the hood under the obturator of the nasal cavity in the neck area of a person is placed a ribbon of adjustable length with a fastener, which serves to improve the obturation of the hood. 4. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the insert connecting the first and second headband ribbons is made of inelastic material. 5. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the maximum length and width of the oral obturator is 1.5-2.0, which allows you to use the front part in the form of a half mask for people with low face height and in the form of a quarter mask for people with big tall face.