RU95103040A - Method and device for increasing efficiency of internal combustion engine and decreasing amount of harmful exhausts - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; internal combustion engines. SUBSTANCE: high pressure steam is produced in heat exchanger-boiler using heat of exhaust gases. Fuel is added into steam and before beginning of combustion process in each cylinder, mixture of steam and fuel fumes is delivered into each cylinder proportionally to air consumption (α = 1.2 const), both at steady and variable modes, which brings formation of nitrogen oxides and CO to minimum. Mixture is delivered through special valves (f+4-6 mm) in cylinder head. Valves are controlled by their own camshaft so as to provided amount of steam and fume mixture proportional to consumption of air. This is ensured by synchronization of operation of camshaft and throttle valve. Steam and fume mixture, getting out of heat exchanger-boiler (130x10x20 cm per 100 hp), enters heat exchanger-condenser whose dimensions are equal to those of cooling system radiator wherefrom water is delivered into heat exchanger-boiler and further on into cylinders. To maintain a=1.1 constant and obtain required power at variable duties tank, measuring 12-16 l per 100 hp, is used in steam-fume mixture supply system with reserve of mixture to provided 3-5 s operation, as steam generation might lag in case of sharp increase in air delivery into cylinders. EFFECT: increased power output, decreased fuel consumption (by 20%) and harmful exhausts into atmosphere.

Claims (1)

Usage: the creation of modified piston engines (carburetor and diesel) with heat recovery of exhaust gases to increase power and reduce specific fuel consumption by 20% and reduce harmful emissions into the atmosphere by an order of magnitude. The essence of the invention: due to the heat of the exhaust gases in the heat exchanger-boiler, high pressure water vapor is generated, fuel is mixed with it, and before the start of the combustion process, a mixture of water vapor and fuel vapor is proportional to the air flow rate ((α = 1,1 = const )) (both in constant and variable modes), which ensures minimal formation of nitrogen oxides and CO. The feed is carried out through special valves ((⌀ = 4 ÷ 6mm.)) In the head of the unit, controlled by their cam roller in such a way that the amount of the steam-fuel mixture is proportional to the air flow (due to the synchronization of the cam roller and the air damper). After exiting the heat exchanger-boiler (130 x 10 x 20 cm per 100 hp), the gas-vapor mixture enters the heat exchanger-condenser (the forehead is the size of a cooling system radiator) from where water is supplied to the heat exchanger-boiler and then to the cylinders. To maintain α = 1.1 = const and to obtain the necessary power in variable modes, the steam-fuel mixture supply system has a tank (12 - 16 l per 100 hp) with a reserve of the mixture for operation for 3 - 5 s due to the possible the lag of steam production from a sharp increase in air supply to the cylinders.