RU94642U1 - UNLIMITED SCREW HYDRO POWER PLANT - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. Damless auger hydroelectric power station containing shafts with screw blades fixed on them, forming single or multi-auger screws located on the base at an angle to the river flow, characterized in that the shaft ends lower in the direction of flow are joined in a horizontal plane through the gearbox, the upper end one shaft is connected through a cardan to a generator, and the upper end of the other shaft is connected through a cardan with a thrust bearing, which is connected via a flexible rod to a tensioner located and secured m on the opposite side of the river. ! 2. Damless auger hydroelectric power station according to claim 1, characterized in that the gearbox is a piece of metal cable fixed at an angle in ball bearings and connected to the lower ends of the shafts of both screws. ! 3. Damless screw hydroelectric power station according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the diameters of the helical blades are sequentially increased towards the lower ends of the shafts of the screws. ! 4. Damless screw hydroelectric power station according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the screws on the base are located in a zigzag pattern across the river flow.

Description

This technical solution relates to damless power plants and can be used to obtain mechanical or electrical energy from the flow of a moving medium.

Known damless daisy-chain power plants [1, 2, 3, 4, 5], placed across the river. In such devices on flexible shafts, a plurality of individual small turbines are installed, which rotate the cable connected to the generator.

The disadvantage of such devices is the low power that can be obtained from them, the need for constant maintenance and repair, since the turbines hit the bottom, become clogged and deformed.

Known damless stationary hydroelectric power stations [6], containing a bottom foundation, a fastening stand with drive drums, idle drums and a chain gear transmission, on which two-winged blades are arranged according to the type of conveyor and a number of additional nodes.

The disadvantages of such devices are the difficulty in manufacturing, the high price and low reliability due to the need to clean the gear chain, blades and the inside of the cage from algae and foreign objects.

Known screw hydroelectric power station [7], and the screw is located in the pipe obliquely and can rotate only with a significant difference in height. This design is more suitable for dam or derivation options for hydropower plants. The advantage of the screw (see the commercial [7]) is the ability to save fish and other living organisms in water and - self-cleaning of the screw from algae and floating litter.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed device is selected as a prototype [8] "Wind turbine" I. I. Smulsky copyright certificate No. 1225912. This device contains a shaft and screw blades (auger) mounted on it, and the shaft is installed at an angle to the horizontal plane, which is irrational for the location of the device in the water stream, because requires a large depth of the river.

Another disadvantage of this arrangement of the screw is the incomplete use of the energy of the water flow along its width. With a similar arrangement of the screw at an angle to the horizontal plane, the main flow of water will bypass the screw on both sides without transferring energy to it.

Technical advantages of the claimed object in comparison with known devices are as follows:

- Two screws were used, which are connected in a v-shape and are located in a horizontal plane so that the lower ends of the shafts are connected through a gearbox, and the upper ends of the shafts are connected respectively through cardans to the generator and to the tensioner. This allows you to increase the utilization of energy flow.

- As an angular gear used a piece of flexible metal cable fixed at an angle in ball bearings, which simplifies the design of the device.

- Also, to increase the energy efficiency of the moving river flow, the diameters of the screw blades are successively increased towards the lower ends of the shafts of both screws.

These technical advantages allow you to increase the total efficiency of the proposed design solution.

Figure 1 shows the "Damless screw hydroelectric power station" (top view), figure 2 is an embodiment of an angular gearbox, and figure 3 is a variant of the placement of several augers with a significant width of the river flow.

Damless screw hydroelectric power station (BSHPP) contains a base l, on which screws consisting of shafts 2 and 3 are placed v-shaped at an angle to each other, screw blades 4 and 5 are placed on the shafts, and the lower ends of the blades are connected in the direction “s” of the flow with a reducer 6, the upper end of one shaft through a cardan 7 is connected to a generator 8, and the upper end of another shaft through a cardan 9, a thrust bearing 10, a flexible rod 77 and a tension device 12 is connected to a stop 13, for example, on a river bank.

BSHGES works as follows. The flow of water “s” flows with equal pressure onto the blades 4 and 5 of the augers symmetrically installed using the base 7, while the shafts 2 and 3 begin to rotate. The rotation of the shafts agreed in the direction is determined either by the type of the angular gear (on two or three gears to change the rotation to the opposite), or by the use of screws with different (opposite: left and right) screw surfaces. Instead of the gearbox, a piece of steel cable installed in ball bearings can be used (figure 2).

The total torque of the shafts 2 and 3 is transmitted from the upper end of the shaft 2 through the cardan gear 7 to the generator 8, while the upper end of the shaft 3 is fixed in free rotation by means of a thrust bearing 10.

With a symmetrical arrangement of the base 7 relative to the axis "0-0" of the flow "s" the screws evenly absorb the energy of the water flow. If the speed of the water flow has changed, for example, due to heavy precipitation, using the tensioner 72 the base 7 is shifted by an angle ± α relative to the axis “0-0” and the speed of rotation of the screws also changes.

The proposed v-shaped arrangement of the screws creates a blockage of the water flow, which increases in height and concentrates at the ends of the shafts 2 and 3 of the screws that are lower in the direction of its movement. In this regard, the diameters of the screw surfaces of the blades 4 and 5 increase towards the lower ends of the shafts. The diameters and magnitude of their taper will be determined by the speed of the water flow, as well as the degree of its inhibition by single or multiple feed augers.

It is difficult to manufacture screws with a sufficiently long length, therefore, in wide streams, their zigzag arrangement can be used (Fig. 3).

A significant difference between the proposed solution and the known ones is to increase the utilization of flow energy while simplifying the entire design of the hydroelectric power station. Using the proposed scheme of screws allows you to artificially create a backwater flow equivalent to dam schemes, which makes it possible to use the device for rivers with a low flow rate.

Tests of laboratory models confirmed the declared benefits.

Sources of information taken into account when preparing the application

1. Description of the invention to the copyright certificate of BS Blinov No. 153883 "Free-flow hydraulic power plant" (analogue).

2. Description of the invention to the copyright certificate of BS Blinov No. 175906 "Free-flow hydraulic power plant" (analogue).

3. Description of the invention for a useful model A.I. Popov No. 57385 "Rotary turbine hydroelectric power station" (analogue).

4. Description of the invention to the copyright certificate of Yu.M. Novikov No. 1778355 “Rotor line of a garland hydroelectric power station” (analogue).

5. Description of the invention according to the patent of G. A. Ginkulov No. 2163691 "Bottom Power Plant" (analogue).

6. Description of the invention according to the patent of GI Ozerov No. 2227227 "Damless all-weather hydroelectric power station" (analogue).

7. Description of the screw hydropower plant “Future Energy Yorkshire”, www.fey.org.uk (UK) (analogue).

8. Description of the invention to the copyright certificate of I. I. Smulsky No. 1225912 "Wind turbine" (prototype).

Claims (4)

1. Damless auger hydroelectric power station containing shafts with screw blades fixed on them, forming single or multi-auger screws located on the base at an angle to the river flow, characterized in that the shaft ends lower in the direction of flow are joined in a horizontal plane through the gearbox, the upper end one shaft is connected through a cardan to a generator, and the upper end of the other shaft is connected through a cardan with a thrust bearing, which is connected via a flexible rod to a tensioner located and secured m on the opposite side of the river. 2. Damless auger hydroelectric power station according to claim 1, characterized in that the gearbox is a piece of metal cable fixed at an angle in ball bearings and connected to the lower ends of the shafts of both screws. 3. Damless screw hydroelectric power station according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the diameters of the helical blades are sequentially increased towards the lower ends of the shafts of the screws. 4. Damless screw hydroelectric power station according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the screws on the base are located in a zigzag transverse to the river flow.