RU92097U1 - INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE RELEASE SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

1. An ICE exhaust system comprising an exhaust manifold consisting of an upper gas receiver with a cylinder head flange and exhaust pipes, a catalytic converter unit and a lower gas receiver with a receiving pipe flange, characterized in that a gas collection receiver with a transition pipe is integrated into the upper gas receiver of the exhaust manifold, connecting the cavity of the receiver and the receiving cavity of the converter unit. ! 2. The engine exhaust system according to claim 1, characterized in that the exhaust gas flows moving from the openings of the exhaust channels of the cylinder head along the paths of the exhaust pipes, tangentially enter the cavity of the gas collection receiver and continue to move in it in a cyclonic manner. ! 3. The ICE exhaust system according to claim 1, characterized in that on the surface of the gas collection receiver, helical grooves are made, contributing to a given direction of the flow of exhaust gases into the transition pipe, and acting as stiffeners. ! 4. The ICE exhaust system according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper gas receiver is made of die-welded from two stamped halves forming exhaust pipes and a gas collection receiver, and two stamped halves forming a transition pipe and a receiving cavity of the converter unit.

Description

The utility model relates to engine building, in particular, to multi-cylinder internal combustion engines (hereinafter ICE) with an exhaust gas aftertreatment system.

The use of an exhaust gas aftertreatment system necessitates the introduction of devices into the engine exhaust system design that can significantly reduce the toxicity of exhaust gases, reduce the resonant amplitudes of the pulsations of the volumetric air flow rate in the exhaust system path, increase the effective power and improve the economic performance of the engine. On the other hand, the suppression of resonant pulsations of gas in the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine is favorable from the point of view of reducing sound (noise) radiation into the environment produced by both an open cut of the exhaust pipe of the muffler (aerodynamic noise) and the vibrating walls of the elements of the exhaust system (structural, body noise) )

A known exhaust system (patent for invention RU 2227834, IPC F01N 7/10, publ. 04/27/2004) containing an exhaust manifold for combining exhaust gas flows from two or more internal combustion engine cylinders, while the exhaust manifold has an outlet cross section adjacent to the tubular casing with the honeycomb element located therein. Between the outlet section and the honeycomb element there is a flow cavity in which at least a first guide plate is provided for deflecting at least part of the exhaust gas flows, the plate being a component of the casing.

A device is known for a catalytic manifold of an internal combustion engine exhaust system (utility model RU 30855, IPC F01N 7/10, F01N 3/28, published July 10, 2003) containing two flow pipes, one of which is formed by converging outlets of the first and fourth cylinders of the internal combustion engine and the other is formed by converging at the outlet pipes of the second and third cylinders, the upper ends of which are connected to the intake holes of the internal combustion engine through the holes in the connecting flange, and the lower ends of the pipes converge in a common gas reception chamber provided with a mounting element of the oxygen sensor, integral with the catalytic carrier body, which is mounted on the output Gas mixing chamber with a connecting flange to the internal combustion engine exhaust path. The catalytic support is made in the form of a single metal gas-permeable cylindrical monoblock, the side walls of which are in close contact with the walls of the housing, the common gas reception chamber is partially placed inside the catalytic support housing, with the formation of an integral telescopic connection, and a gap is formed between the outer ends of the gas reception chamber and the end walls of the monoblock , the value of which is at least half the wall thickness of the gas receiving part located inside the housing th chamber, the mounting element of the control oxygen sensor is located along the axis of the gas flow entering the casing of the catalytic carrier and at equal distances from the outlet sections, respectively, of the nozzles of the first and fourth, and second and third cylinders, while the gas mixing chamber is equipped with a mounting element of a diagnostic oxygen sensor .

A known exhaust manifold for an internal combustion engine (utility model RU 72274, IPC F01N 7/10, publ. 04/10/2008) containing a connecting flange for attaching the manifold to the engine body and a flange for attaching the manifold to the exhaust path, while in the windows of the connecting flange Separate outlet pipes made of heat-resistant sheet material are mounted. Each of the individual nozzles is made of a whole segment of a thin-walled heat-resistant pipe, the windows of the connecting flange and the connecting part of the outlet pipes located in them have a section in the form of oblong holes with rounded side ends mated with straight sections, the connecting part of each of the pipes mates with its cylindrical part by means of a diffuser section, the output ends of all exhaust pipes converge in a common gas mixing chamber, at the outlet of which is mounted connecting flange with a common outlet, while the gas mixing chamber is formed by two symmetrical half-shells stamped from heat-resistant sheet material, bonded together, as well as with the outlet ends of the nozzles and the connecting flange are inseparable.

The study shows that there is the possibility of further improving the ICE exhaust system compared to peers.

As a prototype, the device of the catalytic collector of the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine (ICE) was selected (RF patent for utility model No. 67647, IPC F01N 3/28, publ. March 19, 2007). The catalytic collector consists of an upper gas receiver with a cylinder head flange and exhaust pipes, the number of which corresponds to the number of ICE cylinders, a catalytic converter unit and a lower gas receiver with a receiving pipe flange.

An obvious disadvantage of the known inventive device is the relatively low value of the uniformity coefficient of the gas flow distribution, due to the features of the upper gas receiver with separate inlet ports of exhaust pipes from each engine cylinder into the receiving cavity of the converter unit, and as a result, uneven use of the catalytic coating of the converter unit and its premature burnout.

The claimed technical solution is aimed at eliminating these shortcomings.

The solution to the technical problem is achieved by deliberately changing the design of the upper gas receiver of the exhaust manifold.

An exhaust system of an internal combustion engine (ICE) comprising an exhaust catalytic manifold consisting of an upper gas receiver with a cylinder head flange and exhaust pipes, the number of which corresponds to the number of internal combustion engine cylinders, a catalytic converter unit and a lower gas receiver with a receiving pipe flange, according to a utility model, in the upper gas receiver of the exhaust catalytic collector integrated gas collection receiver with a transition pipe connecting the cavity of the receiver and the receiving cavity of the neutral block izatora.

The exhaust gas flows, moving from the openings of the exhaust channels of the cylinder head along the paths of the exhaust pipes, tangentially enter the cavity of the gas collection receiver and continue to move in it in a cyclonic manner.

In addition, spiral grooves are made on the surface of the gas collection receiver, contributing to a given direction of the flow of exhaust gases into the transition pipe, and acting as stiffeners.

In addition, the upper gas receiver is made of die-welded from two stamped halves forming the outlet pipes and the gas collection receiver, and two stamped halves forming the adapter pipe and the receiving cavity of the converter unit.

The essence of the proposed technical solution is illustrated in the drawings.

Figure 1 and figure 2 shows the layout of the internal combustion engine and the installation location of the exhaust catalytic manifold.

Figure 3 shows the exhaust manifold with an asymmetric gas receiver and a gas collection receiver.

Figure 4 shows a diagram of the movement of exhaust gases from the openings of the exhaust channels of the cylinder head.

In Fig.5, Fig.6 and Fig.7 shows an embodiment of the exhaust manifold in the claimed technical solution.

A multi-cylinder internal combustion engine contains a cylinder block 1, a cylinder head 2 with intake and exhaust channels, in which intake and exhaust valves are installed, an intake manifold 3, an exhaust manifold 4.

The exhaust manifold consists of an upper gas inlet 5, containing a cylinder head flange 6 with exhaust nozzles 7 extending directly from the openings of the exhaust channels of the cylinder head and extending into the common receiving cavity of the catalyst block 8, the catalytic converter block 9 and the lower gas receiver 10, forming the outlet cavity of the block the converter 11 and the receiving pipe flange 12.

The exhaust manifold further comprises a gas collection receiver 13 and a transition pipe 14. Exhaust gases moving from the openings of the exhaust channels of the cylinder head (FIG. 4) along the paths 15 of the exhaust pipes tangentially enter the cavity of the gas collection receiver and continue to move in it cyclically. The guiding spiral grooves 16 (FIG. 5, FIG. 6, FIG. 7), profiled on the cylindrical surface of the gas collection receiver, contribute to a predetermined direction of the flow of exhaust gases into the transition pipe, and then they enter the receiving cavity of the converter unit.

Opening the inlet valve (s) in one of the internal combustion engine cylinders causes a pressure differential before and after the valve (in the engine cylinder with respect to the environment). Air pulsations and elastic waves of rarefaction and compression of the air filling the exhaust system path propagate with the speed of sound in the direction from the exhaust valve to the open cut of the muffler, as well as in the direction of all free outlet deadlock exhaust pipes with closed exhaust valves. Those. a sound gas-dynamic field of repeatedly reflected elastic waves is formed in the complex geometric volume of the exhaust system, with the energy of these elastic waves radiating to the environment through transmission through the walls of the elements of the exhaust system, including the collector.

In the considered exhaust system of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, the guiding spiral grooves on the surface of the gas collection receiver of the upper gas receiver also play the role of fins. This leads to an increase in bending stiffness, weakening of the structural sound produced by the casing of the collector, and minimizes the transmission of the most energy-intensive lower intrinsic resonant longitudinal and transverse modes of oscillation of the gas volume through the walls of the casing of the collector. This is especially true for a thin-walled structure, due to the weakening of its vibro-acoustic excitability. The air volume of the cavity of the gas collection receiver in the design of the upper gas receiver, located in close proximity to the exhaust valves of the internal combustion engine, provides additional damping of the above-described exhaust gas pulsations.

The practical implementation of the embodiment (FIG. 5, FIG. 6 and FIG. 7) of the exhaust manifold with an upper die-welded gas receiver from stamped halves 17, 18 forming exhaust pipes and a gas collection receiver, and stamped halves 19, 20 forming a transition pipe and a receiving cavity of the converter unit of the proposed technical solution is distinguished by technological simplicity, high reliability and efficiency.

Fig. 8, Fig. 9, Fig. 10, Fig. 11 show the effectiveness of the claimed technical solution in the form of graphs of the levels of gas-dynamic resistance and levels of the degree of conversion of exhaust gases instrumentally measured at a specialized stand for checking the gas-dynamic resistance of the neutralizers and internal combustion engines in the conditions of a dynamometric motor box . The increased pass-through areas of the gas collection receiver and the adapter pipe, as well as the relatively short portions of the discharge pipes, provide less gas-dynamic resistance. Pre-mixing the exhaust gas flows from the individual cylinders in the cavity of the gas collection receiver and in the transition pipe provides a more uniform gas flow at the inlet to the cellular structure of the catalytic converter unit, thereby increasing its efficiency.

Claims (4)

1. An ICE exhaust system comprising an exhaust manifold consisting of an upper gas receiver with a cylinder head flange and exhaust pipes, a catalytic converter unit and a lower gas receiver with a receiving pipe flange, characterized in that a gas collection receiver with a transition pipe is integrated into the upper gas receiver of the exhaust manifold, connecting the cavity of the receiver and the receiving cavity of the converter unit. 2. The engine exhaust system according to claim 1, characterized in that the exhaust gas flows moving from the openings of the exhaust channels of the cylinder head along the paths of the exhaust pipes, tangentially enter the cavity of the gas collection receiver and continue to move in it in a cyclonic manner. 3. The ICE exhaust system according to claim 1, characterized in that on the surface of the gas collection receiver, helical grooves are made, contributing to a given direction of the flow of exhaust gases into the transition pipe, and acting as stiffeners. 4. The ICE exhaust system according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper gas receiver is made of die-welded from two stamped halves forming exhaust pipes and a gas collection receiver, and two stamped halves forming a transition pipe and a receiving cavity of the converter unit.