RU90458U1 - BORE SOURCE OF PNEUMATIC SIGNALS - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A downhole source of pneumatic signals, having a cylindrical body in the form of a thick-walled pipe, containing an inlet and outlet channel of compressed gas, a high-pressure storage chamber and a control chamber with an actuation sensor located in its upper part, a rod that moves and passes through the aforementioned chambers with an internal channel connecting it to the control and storage high-pressure chambers, characterized in that a damper chamber is inserted between the storage and control chambers from diametrically opposite sides — pistons are placed at the ends of the damper chamber, in the central part of the damper chamber there is a partition with a hole for the rod to pass, vertically elongated channels are made in the body of the partition, connecting parts of the damper chamber above and below the partition, a magnetic element with the ability to attract the upper piston. ! 2. The downhole source of pneumatic signals according to claim 1, characterized in that the partition of the damper chamber is rigidly fixed to the inner surface of the housing.

Description

The utility model relates to seismic exploration and can be used in devices for generating seismic waves.

Numerous devices for generating seismic energy are currently known, for example:

"Pneumatic source of seismic signals [SU copyright certificate for invention No. 10556102],

"Pneumatic generator of elastic signals" [SU copyright certificate for invention No. 1045184],

"Source for marine seismic exploration" [SU copyright certificate for invention No. 17878722],

"Pneumatic source of seismic signals" [RU patent for utility model No. 80964] and others.

Common signs of pneumatic sources are the presence of a housing with a movable cylinder, a fixed rod with pistons, sealing elements, a pneumatic line with valves controlling and working pneumatic chambers, the flow of compressed air from which creates pulses of elastic energy.

The common disadvantages of the mentioned pneumatic sources are the long sizes of the sealing elements and, as a consequence, the insufficient reliability of the sealing of the elements of the devices, as well as the contacting of the moving elements of the devices with the external environment and the possibility of their pollution.

Technical solutions are also known in which the movable element is a rod, and the body and its cylindrical elements are stationary: a source of seismic waves [US patent No. 3653460], air gun [US patent No. 4047591], air source of seismic signals [copyright certificate SU No. 1625220], seismic air emitter [RU patent for invention No. 2204848], downhole source of seismic signals [RU patent for invention No. 2240581] and others.

These devices include a housing with exhaust windows, a movable rod with pistons, control and accumulation chambers, sealing elements, a pneumatic line with valves.

The disadvantages of these devices include insufficiently short response time.

The closest analogue to the claimed device is a pneumatic source of seismic signals [copyright certificate SU No. 548815].

It contains a cylindrical body, sealing elements, pneumatic lines, a rod with three pistons, chambers for accumulating compressed gas and controlling the operation of the device, an exhaust window and an electromagnet.

The operation of the device occurs when the electromagnet is turned on, which attracts the rod and moves it from its place.

The disadvantage of this device is the inability to smoothly brake the rod after the device is triggered, as well as the insufficiently fast response of the source, which leads to a spread in the duration of the response time and makes it impossible for a pneumatic source to emit high-frequency seismic signals.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to achieve a smooth operation of the device while reducing the response time and reducing the magnitude of the dispersion of this time.

The essence of the utility model is characterized by the fact that the borehole source of pneumatic signals has a cylindrical body in the form of a thick-walled pipe containing an input and output channel of compressed gas, a high-pressure storage chamber and a control chamber with a response sensor located in its upper part, which is movable and passing through the aforementioned chambers, the rod with an internal channel connecting it to the control and storage high-pressure chambers, characterized in that a damper Amer between the storage and control chambers, from diametrically opposite sides — pistons are placed at the ends of the damper chamber, a partition with a hole for the passage of the rod is installed in the central part of the damper chamber, vertically elongated channels are made in the body of the partition, connecting parts of the damper chamber above and below the partition, in the partition is a magnetic element with the ability to attract the upper piston.

In addition, the downhole source of pneumatic signals has a partition in the damper chamber, rigidly fixed to the inner surface of the housing.

The technical result consists in solving the problem with those technical means and techniques that are described below in the description. The composition of all the nodes and parts included in the inventive device is new, thanks to it, the result of effective operation is achieved and the above-described disadvantages of existing analogues are eliminated, including the closest one, namely, a damper unit in the form of a damper chamber located between the downhole source of pneumatic signals cumulative and control cameras. From diametrically opposite sides vertically at the ends of the damper chamber are placed pistons. In the central part of the damper chamber, a partition is made with an opening for the passage of the rod. In the body of the partition are vertically elongated channels connecting the parts of the damper chamber above and below the partition. In the baffle of the damper chamber there is a magnetic element capable of attracting the upper piston. The partition is rigidly fixed to the inner surface of the housing and therefore does not move.

In FIG. the inventive borehole source of pneumatic signals is presented with the nodes and parts indicated respectively by numbers:

1 - cylindrical body;

2 - stock;

3 - magnet sensor response;

4 - the upper piston;

5 - the middle piston;

6 - the lower piston;

7 - sealing elements;

8 - storage camera;

9 - an exhaust opening;

10 - control camera;

11 - inductor;

12 - non-magnetic conductive frame;

13 - load-bearing armored cable;

14 - pneumatic line;

15 - hole control camera;

16 - damper chamber;

17 - a partition;

18 - channel;

19 - liquid;

20 - a magnetic element;

21 - an internal magnetic circuit;

22 - external magnetic circuit;

23 - ring;

24 - channel located in the stock;

25 - shutoff valve;

26 - closed valve;

27 - valve;

28 - discharge line;

29 - pressure seal.

The downhole source of pneumatic signals comprises a cylindrical body 1 made of a thick-walled pipe. Inside the housing 1 there is a rod 2 with a permanent magnet 3 located on its upper part, which is part of the pickup sensor, and the upper, middle and lower pistons 4, 5, 6, equipped with sealing elements 7. The working area of the lower piston 6 is less than the average working area piston 5. The lower piston 6 is made as a valve.

In the boundary zone of the lower part of the housing 1 there is a high-pressure storage chamber 8 and an exhaust outlet 9 blocked by the lower piston 6. In the upper part of the housing there is a control chamber 10, in which the inductance coil 11, which is a second part of the operation sensor, is wound around a non-magnetic conductive frame 12 mechanically and electrically connected to the housing 1. An inductance coil is electrically connected to the frame by one pole and the armored conductive insulated residential conductor with the second cable 13, passed inside the pneumatic line 14, and communicating with the control chamber 10 with the hole 15, which serves as the input and output channel of the compressed gas. In this case, the armor of the load-carrying cable is mechanically and electrically connected with the housing 1.

Between the storage chamber 8 and the control chamber 10, there is a damper chamber 16, divided by a partition 17 into lower and upper parts, which communicate with each other through a channel 18 formed by the gap between the rod 2 and the hole in the partition 17. The lower compartment of the damper chamber may be partially filled with liquid 19 to increase resistance to overflow through the channel 18. The partition 17 is mechanically connected to the housing 1 and includes a magnetic element in the form of a permanent magnet 20 of cylindrical shape with radial magnetization , the inner 21 and outer 22 magnetic cores are also cylindrical in shape and a ring 23 made of a strong non-magnetic material, such as a titanium alloy, which serves to increase the strength of the device.

The partition 17 is a fixed element of the magnetic system, and the piston 4, made of ferromagnetic material and in contact with the partition 17 in the initial position due to the forces of magnetic attraction, plays the role of the movable element.

The working chamber 8 and the control chamber 10 communicate with each other through a through channel 24 passing inside the rod 2. The through channel 24 in the working chamber 8 is closed by a shut-off valve 25, which is capable of passing compressed gas only in one direction from the control chamber 10 to the working chamber 8.

The pneumatic line 14 and the electrical communication line in the form of an armored cable 13 connected at one end to the housing 1, the second end are connected to the control panel containing a normally closed valve 26 connecting the pneumatic line 14 with a compressor (not shown), a valve 27 connecting the pneumatic line 14 with discharge line 28 and pressure seal 29, through which the electrical communication line is connected to the seismic station.

The operation of the claimed device is as follows.

In the initial position, the rod 2 is in its lowest position. In this case, the piston 6 hermetically closes the exhaust outlet 9, and the piston 4 is tightly pressed against the magnet 20 of the partition 17. To prepare the device for operation along the pneumatic line 15, gas is supplied under pressure to the control chamber 10. Compressed gas fills the control chamber 10 and flows through the channel 24 located in the rod 2 into the storage chamber 8 through the shut-off valve 25. As a result, the gas pressure in the chambers 8 and 10 is equalized and reaches the operating value. So that at working gas pressure, the rod 2 is stationary.

In order for the device to work, open the valve 27 and thereby connect the pneumatic line 15 to the gas discharge line. The gas pressure in the control chamber 10 drops. Due to the difference in the working areas of the pistons 5 and 6, upward force acts on the stem. When this force becomes greater than the force of mutual attraction of the magnet 20 and the piston 4 and the force of the residual gas pressure in the control chamber to the piston 4, the rod begins to move upward, while the piston 6 releases the window 9, through which a sharp release of compressed gas into the surrounding space occurs.

The force of attraction between the magnet 20 and the piston 4 drops sharply with an increase in the gap between them, which contributes to a sharper opening of the exhaust opening 9.

Further, when the rod 2 moves upward, gas and liquid of the damper chamber flow along the channel 18 from its lower part to the upper one, which leads to smooth braking and stop of the rod 2.

When the permanent magnet 3, located in the upper part of the rod 2, approaches the inductor 11, the emf is induced in the latter. induction, and a current pulse through cable 13 is transmitted to the control panel, signaling the operation of the device.

To bring the device to its initial state, compressed gas is again supplied to the control chamber 10, under the action of which the piston 4 moves down together with the rod 2 until it contacts the magnet 20.

The placement of the magnetic element in the inventive device, in contrast to its closest analogue, provides the opposite effect - holding the rod in its original position and the device as a whole from being triggered, while in the closest device the rod is attracted through an intermediate telescopic assembly to ensure the operation of the compared device. In addition, the presence of a response sensor in the upper zone of the control chamber distinguishes the claimed device from the closest analogue.

Example. The inventive borehole source of pneumatic signals was made at the enterprise of the city of Saratov in the form of a prototype, it was successfully tested.

Claims (2)

1. A downhole source of pneumatic signals, having a cylindrical body in the form of a thick-walled pipe, containing an inlet and outlet channel of compressed gas, a high-pressure storage chamber and a control chamber with an actuation sensor located in its upper part, a rod that moves and passes through the aforementioned chambers with an internal channel connecting it to the control and storage high-pressure chambers, characterized in that a damper chamber is inserted between the storage and control chambers from diametrically opposite sides — pistons are placed at the ends of the damper chamber, in the central part of the damper chamber there is a partition with a hole for the rod to pass, vertically elongated channels are made in the body of the partition, connecting parts of the damper chamber above and below the partition, a magnetic element with the ability to attract the upper piston. 2. The downhole source of pneumatic signals according to claim 1, characterized in that the partition of the damper chamber is rigidly fixed to the inner surface of the housing.