RU89312U1 - INTEGRATED SYSTEM OF INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL COMMUNICATION OF A SHIP - Google Patents

Abstract

An integrated internal and external communication system of the ship, containing antenna-feeder devices, channel-forming means, radio-channel communication equipment, control equipment and terminal equipment, characterized in that the system is made in the form of four subsystems interconnected by means of fiber optical lines, while the first subsystem is an antenna-feeder device that contains transceiver antennas of various ranges connected to a radio transmitter giving and receiving means, the second subsystem is a channel-forming means of communication, which contain a space communications station, radio relay station, wired communication means, radio transmitters and radios of various ranges, equipment for receiving distress and rescue services and other equipment, the third subsystem is a switching equipment, consisting of four switches connected by optical communication lines in a fully accessible configuration, with each of the switching Orov is controlled by its processor and is autonomous connected to other switches in accordance with the inter-node interface, and the fourth subsystem is control equipment and multi-function user terminals, the control equipment includes two workstations connected in a master-slave configuration, and software the hardware interface of the subsystem, with the workstations and the interface subsystem connected by an optical communication line.

Description

This utility model relates to the field of electro-radio engineering, namely to the technology for controlling a ship radio complex, and can be used to organize internal and external communications on ships, ships and other mobile objects.

The main purpose of the unified information space is the most complete satisfaction in real time of the information needs of ship officials, regardless of where they are located. This can be achieved by concentration and integration of up-to-date, complete, reliable and information generated according to certain rules, as well as ensuring the possibility of its timely provision in accordance with the established access procedure.

It is known "Device ship loud-speaking duplex communication" (AS USSR No. 56810, class N04M 9/08). The device comprises a switch, microphones, loudspeakers, transmit and receive amplifiers, a control pulse shaper, a low-pass filter, a modulator, a demodulator, and other elements that form the receiving and transmitting paths.

The disadvantages of the analogue are low noise immunity of subscriber devices, the dependence of the transmission quality on the length of the subscriber lines, large hardware and cable redundancy, while the device provides only internal communication.

Known Automated communications system type "Buran". Directors N.F., Katanovich A.A. Modern systems of ship communication, St. Petersburg, Shipbuilding, 2001, p. 118.

The Buran complex is designed to control a ship's radio complex. It contains antenna-feeder devices, collective radio communications, control equipment, terminal equipment and workstations. The choice of the data transmission channel in the ACS is carried out, which are part of the collective line (LCP), a message switching device. LKP subscribers exchange information with each other in the form of messages implemented by bit-by-bit serial code. Only two subscribers of a single-channel LCP - transmitting and receiving, monopolizing communication lines for the exchange period can simultaneously participate in the exchange of information.

The disadvantages of the prototype are the large power supply of the object, a branched power network, high density of electrical and radio devices that lead to high electric and magnetic fields of wide spectral composition, these fields, acting on the electrical circuit of the communication system, create interference that reduces speech intelligibility, while AKS has low bandwidth, reliability, survivability and a number of other disadvantages.

The purpose of the utility model is to expand functionality by automating management processes, improving the quality of information transmission channels, reliability and survivability.

This goal is achieved due to the fact that the integrated internal and external communication system of the ship containing antenna-feeder devices, channel-forming means, radio communication means, control equipment and terminal equipment is made in the form of four subsystems interconnected by fiber-spaced ships optical lines, the first subsystem is an antenna-feeder device that contains transmitting and receiving antennas of various ranges, connecting connected with radio transmitting and receiving devices, the second subsystem is a channel-forming means of communication, which contain a space communication station, radio relay station, wired communication means, radio transmitters and radios of various ranges, distress and rescue signal receiving equipment and other equipment, the third subsystem is switching equipment consisting of four switches connected by optical communication lines to a fully accessible configuration, with each The first of the switches is controlled by its processor and is autonomous connected to other switches in accordance with the inter-node interface, and the fourth subsystem is the control equipment and multifunction user terminals. The control equipment includes two workstations connected in the master-slave configuration and software the hardware interface of the subsystem, with the workstations and the interface subsystem connected by an optical line.

The structural diagram of the system is shown in Fig.1. It contains: four subsystems 1, 5, 14, 21, interconnected by means of an intra-complex optical network.

The first subsystem - antenna-feeder devices contain: transceiver antennas of various ranges 2, automatic tuning devices 3, antenna switches 4.

The second subsystem 5 - channel-forming communications. It consists of the following elements:

- KB transceivers 6;

- LW / HF receivers 7;

- MB transceivers 8;

- UHF transceivers 9;

- MV / UHF transceivers 10;

- warning systems 11;

- satellite communications stations 12;

- base station mobile communications 13.

Switching equipment is the third subsystem 14 which includes:

- four digital switches 15, 16, 17, 18, interconnected by fiber optic communication lines (FOCL) 19;

- automatic telephone exchange (PBX) 20 connected to the switch.

Switches 15-18 provide the distribution of both internal communications and radio channels of the ship's external communications.

The switch supports up to 18 interfaces for connecting digital devices of the same family or digital multiplexers of the MTZXX family. Up to 60 users can be connected. The system can be expanded by adding voice and data terminals, telephone sets for PBX functions, etc. simple connection of modules without modification of installed nodes.

The internal trunk connections between the digital switches 15-18 are made by fiber optic cable.

The fourth subsystem 21 includes communication and switching control equipment, namely:

- a device for remote control of switching nodes 22;

- two computer workstations 23;

- physical interfaces 24;

- multifunctional user terminals, including the terminal DS 25.

Figure 2 shows a control system with two workstations (computers) 23 installed in close proximity to the main communication control center of the ship. Stations can be located in various places of the ship.

Appointment of the basic elements of an integrated system of internal and external communications of the ship.

The ship’s integrated internal and external communication system is designed to provide a stable closed and open exchange of various types of information (text, graphic, data, voice, video) in the ship-to-ship and ship-to-shore directions, as well as intra-ship communication.

1 - antenna-feeder devices provide the transmission and reception of HF oscillations in different wavelengths. The inventive system has a set of the following DV / SV / HF antennas. A set of DV / SV / HF antennas consists of:

- one broadband KB antenna system (one fan antenna covering the band of 1.5-10 MHz and a dual antenna covering the band of 1.0-100 MHz);

- whip antennas for transmission and reception in the range from 1.5 to 30 MHz;

- one LW / SV / HF receiving active antenna for the frequency band from 10 kHz to 30 MHz;

- one LW / SV / HF receiving passive antenna (pin 6 m) for a frequency band from 10 kHz to 30 MHz.

Connecting the UHF / HF transmitters to the antennas is provided on the radio frequency panel, which allows to select the optimal antenna or replace the faulty one.

Receiving antennas are connected to DV / CB / HF receivers through a radio frequency panel including active means of collective use (not shown in Fig.).

A set of MV / UHF antennas consists of:

- two broadband (100-450 MHz) dipole antennas. These antennas are connected to the respective transmitters through an antenna switch in which there are two highly selective filters with automatic tuning.

The system also has a satellite communications antenna connected to a satellite communications station, an antenna for receiving distress signals and rescue services, as well as an antenna for receiving standard signals from a single marine navigation system.

5 - channel-forming tools are designed to provide reception and transmission of information via KB, VHF, DMV, and SV radio channels.

The KB system of transceivers 6 consists of:

- one SV / HF broadband system of type SP-884 / M-4, providing 4 transceiver channels and including selection modules;

- two UHF / HF transmitters with a power of 1 kW.

The system of HF / HF transmitters provides six simultaneously operating lines of horizontal communication ship-to-shore, ship-ship long-range.

- ten DV / CB / HF receivers 7 of type R-1022N, equipped with selector modules. Each receiver can receive voice and data (including tactical links).

- eight transceivers 8-110 MV / DMV type P-619 / N.

Transceivers provide tactical ship-to-ship communication lines within line of sight.

The alarm system 11 is combined with the intercom system via a standard analog interface. Notification is made through warning terminals, telephone sets, or via MFPT.

Satellite communications station 12 is designed for communication through an artificial earth satellite and ensures the safety of navigation and the determination of the location of the ship, reliable and efficient control of ships in any part of the World Ocean, search and rescue of ships and aircraft that have crashed.

Mobile base station 13 is designed to provide communication with mobile subscribers.

14 - switching equipment is four digital switches 15-18 which consist of solid-state matrices (nodes) based on the technique of temporary switching. The switches are interconnected by optical communication lines in a fully accessible configuration and provide all kinds of interfaces, switching both internal subscribers and external subscribers.

Terminals to switches 15-18 are connected through modular interface cards. They are also connected to the main ship power supply 220 V and to the 24 V battery with automatic maintenance of uninterrupted operation.

Digital switches 15-18 provide full-access circuit switching, packet switching and radio access in the case of using circuit switching (subscriber-to-subscriber, subscriber-channel).

Access functions are provided through an internal multiplexer of user analog and digital interfaces. In this case, 4, 8, 16, 32 or 64 time positions can be multiplexed at a speed of 16 or 32 kbit / s.

The internal multiplexer of switch 15-18 is consistent with the terminals (i.e., end users), as well as with other such switches.

The configuration of digital switches varies according to system requirements, while it is possible to combine interpersonal connections and access to communication channels.

The switches allow you to work in the internal synchronization mode, synchronization by the received signal, as well as from an external highly stable source of clock synchronization.

Interfaces - user and system.

1. Custom: - analogue telephone LB, CB, ASV, DR and DMTF;

- digital telephone EUROCOM 2-wire and 4-wire;

- six-wire joint (Tx, Rx, E, M); and etc.

2. System: - system controller (PC);

- an interface for connecting digital switches of a similar type;

- a gateway for connecting to other digital switches;

- STANAG 5040 for connecting to other ship networks through channels of a similar type;

- connections to external public networks (DR or DTMF);

- radio access to connect to a special radio controller.

Figure 3 presents the structural diagram of the switch. It contains:

30 - control device and network synchronism, which provide initialization and configuration management of equipment, management of local and remote inputs / outputs, equipment and alarm alerts. The switch is controlled from 4 dedicated users (via a digital remote control or data equipment). In the event of an accident, the system provides synchronization from any of the alternative sources, thereby achieving the necessary reliability and stability of the system.

27 - a device for the formation of conferences, is used to provide conferences from analog and digital terminals. For analog terminals, the device allows you to manage 4 conferences simultaneously. The maximum number of conference participants is up to 32, united in 4 groups. For digital terminals, the device controls 64 user ones, divided into groups with an arbitrary number of participants. In this case, the first sent code receives the right to speak. The device provides authorization by identifying and managing permission to transmit codes.

28 - operator panel, provides control of two locally connected and two remote switch panels, each consisting of VT 100 - terminals connected to the handset or telephone headset and control panel. It provides up to 30 calls simultaneously.

29 - subscriber sets. The switch includes devices for direct connection of users. Each device, depending on its type, provides an interface with users (up to five).

The main types of devices:

- five DIA exchange channels; - five analog 4/6 wire channels; - five telecom channels, five sync / async. data channels etc.

30 - a synchronization and control device, built into the front panel and connected to a network management and synchronization device. It consists of an 8-character display, switches for starting and turning on switches, a number of function keys, etc. An alarm and indication are provided through the device. Access to other information is provided. In the monitoring mode with an interval of 3 seconds, the control of individual devices of the switch is carried out, the results are displayed in the form of messages on the display. Reliability of the 15-18 switches lies in its modular distributed structure. The only device that needs to be duplicated is the control and synchronization device.

21 - communication control and switching equipment, designed to control communication and controls, monitors and monitors radio equipment, switching subsystem, digital and analog internal user terminals.

22 - a device for remote control of switching nodes, provide initialization and configuration management of equipment, management of local and remote inputs / outputs, equipment and alarm alerts. Provides remote control of the switch from 4 dedicated users (via a digital remote control or data equipment). Data is saved when the power is turned off, as well as the selection of the clock synchronization source. There are four of them: - highly stable; - low stability (in case of an accident); - external; - by the received signal.

23 - workstations - computers (one main, another spare), are designed to provide interaction with the primary and secondary network complexes and other interacting systems and ship complexes, as well as to control and control radio communication means, antenna switches, for switching systems to the terminal equipment and radio communication means.

24 - physical interfaces with switching nodes, are provided on two independent lines, each of which is able to work in full duplex mode. Physical interfaces are connected to two switching nodes with the possibility of automatic double connection.

25 - multifunctional user terminals (MFPT), designed to control various types of switched networks, designed to transmit both voice and data in normal mode and with security.

All types of MFPT work in the following communication networks:

external communication (one or multi-channel access to radio equipment);

- channels of internal communication;

- speakerphone networks;

- switched telephone networks, etc.

The parameters of all types of MFPs in accordance with the capacity and type of access are set by the network management system during configuration. All types of MFPs are equipped with a data interface to perform network access functions. The panel of all types has: - a call key; - eight function keys; - liquid crystal display; - loudspeaker / microphone and other accessories.

Capacity - up to 3 line interface switches;

- the choice of setting the speed of 16/32 kBit / s;

- bandwidth 300-3400 Hz;

- Rx level: 0 dBm / 600 ohm;

- signal transmission: dry contact, etc.

The algorithm of the integrated system of internal and external communications of the ship

The list of tasks solved by the system:

- remote control of the radio system of the ship;

- the formation, proofreading and storage of a database with radio path parameters;

- dynamic formation and decomposition of paths at the request of subscribers;

- automatic connection with the right subscribers;

- automatic monitoring of the state and technical readiness of the system’s radio facilities;

- automatic maintenance and recording of the system operation protocol with reference to the current time, etc.

The system provides voice and data transmission both in open and in encrypted form with the following characteristics:

External communication: - providing KB communication for receiving signals from coast stations; - ship-to-ship communication on KB or MB for the transmission of operational messages, etc.

Intercom: - loud speaker communication; - automatic telephone exchange; - search and rescue communication, etc.

The system is based on application software (software). Software. Each software-controlled device of the switch is equipped with an EPROM (EPROM is an erasable programmable memory for reading only), containing basic software common to all types of devices (monitor, operating system, access control, switching on the bus). Application software is different for each type of device and is automatically loaded into them from the control and synchronization device each time the equipment is turned on.

Configuration data (multi-channel line. Information about users and channels, etc.) is stored in the auxiliary memory. In normal operation, the protection of this data is carried out in manual or automatic mode.

The system is as follows.

After applying voltage to all the blocks of the system, except for the host computer 23 (the computer refers to the system management server), the blocks go into standby mode, and the computer 23 starts processing the initial installation program, which sets the initial state for operation of all blocks and nodes of the system, and at this time, the computer is interrupted from all sources except the communication channel.

After completion of the initial installation program, the computer 23 proceeds to the processing of the cyclic control program, according to which all the nodes and blocks of the system, as well as all the means of the system, are sequentially monitored (i.e., periodic monitoring takes place). At this time, all interruptions to the operation of the computer 23 from all other sources are permitted. If a command is received on the computer 23 from any terminal or device, the monitoring program is interrupted and control is transferred to the interrupt routine, which determines the source of the interrupt and transfers control to the routine that works with this interrupt source.

After the end of this subprogram, control is transferred to the interrupted control program. If there are several interrupts, the interrupt routine determines the order in which they are processed in accordance with the assigned priority.

To determine the source of interruption, each means of the integrated system, as well as the control unit that is controlled by the computer, is assigned an address and for storing information about their status, the corresponding memory area of random access memory.

When the system is in automatic mode, the formation of communication paths is carried out as follows:

- the communications officer (DS) at his terminal selects the structure of the formed path and enters the necessary communication parameters (frequency, type of work, etc.);

- the DS terminal transmits a command packet to the digital switch containing information about the settings of the radio channel communication and switching facilities;

- Digital switch 15 performs tuning, switching and monitoring of radio communication means and subscriber sets;

- upon completion of the setup and switching process, a message is displayed on the display of the terminal of the terminal about completion of the path formation.

After the formation of the path, the settings of the special equipment are entered and the functioning of the communication channel is monitored.

In the process of working with the radio path telegraph open or closed, the operator:

- enables and disables the PRD mode;

- adjusts the tone and volume of the received signal;

- sets the bandwidth of the received signal.

The operation of the packet information transmission paths is controlled automatically from the terminal equipment.

The standby mode of the system is used when the DS terminal fails or if its software fails.

The proposed system provides:

radio communication with coastal points, surface ships, submarines and aircraft in the ranges of DV, NE, KB, DMV;

- sonar communication with underwater objects, etc.

The communication system communicates via the following channels:

- auditory, frequency and phase telegraphy of radio communication;

- one and two full telephone radio communications;

- data transfer;

- space communications, etc.

Using the inventive system allows you to expand functionality by integrating with powerful computers based on the latest Intel Pentiom 11 CPV technologies designed for use on ships, as well as automation of control processes, to improve the quality, reliability and survivability of information transmission channels, the efficiency of use of the transport network, uniting all ship communication subsystems

Claims (1)

An integrated internal and external communication system of the ship, containing antenna-feeder devices, channel-forming means, radio communication means, control equipment and terminal equipment, characterized in that the system is made in the form of four subsystems interconnected by means of fiber optical lines, while the first subsystem is an antenna-feeder device that contains transceiver antennas of various ranges connected to a radio transmitter giving and receiving means, the second subsystem is a channel-forming means of communication, which contain a space communications station, radio relay station, wired communications, radio transmitters and radios of various ranges, equipment for receiving distress and rescue services and other equipment, the third subsystem is a switching equipment, consisting of four switches connected by optical communication lines in a fully accessible configuration, with each of the switching Orov is controlled by its processor and is autonomous connected to other switches in accordance with the inter-node interface, and the fourth subsystem is control equipment and multifunction user terminals, the control equipment includes two workstations connected in a master-slave configuration, and software the hardware interface of the subsystem, with the workstations and the interface subsystem connected by an optical communication line.