RU88688U1 - DEVICE FOR CLEANING THICKNESS AND BOTTOM LAYERS OF WATER FROM OIL POLLUTION - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for cleaning the thickness and bottom layers of water from oil pollution, comprising a housing and a ballast curtain, characterized in that the housing is made in the form of a flexible pressure hose equipped with porous air sprays, a flexible pressure hose and ballast curtain made in the form of a ballast sleeve, placed sequentially one below the other and interconnected by means of clamps, while an air hose for supplying air from the compressor is connected to the flexible pressure hose, and the ballast sleeve is made of polymer on-fabric material. ! 2. A device for cleaning the thickness and bottom layers of water from oil pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that it is placed on the bottom of the contaminated sections of watercourses.

Description

The utility model relates to environmental protection, in particular, to devices designed to clean the thickness and bottom layers of water when working to protect natural and artificial water bodies with the presence of a water stream in places of accidental spills of oil and oil products, and places of potential pollution and increased turbidity of the water.

As a result of emergencies, oil components in large quantities accumulate in bottom sediments, harming communities of aquatic organisms up to their complete degradation. The pollution of sediments is evidenced by a peculiar “oil” smell of bottom sediments.

Known oil-sorbing boom (RF patent No. 2183231, 02B 15/06, 2002.06.10), made in the form of a tubular element having a core made of a polymeric material, which provides buoyancy of the boom. Around the core is a tubular shell of hydrophobic and oleophilic three-layer non-woven material with high oil sorption capacity. Non-woven material has a three-layer structure, its outer layers have a higher density than its inner layer. A tubular sheath is covered by a sleeve mesh of polymer threads. The core includes a cylindrical cover closed at the ends, filled with hydro-oleophobic polymer material.

The main disadvantage is the location of the oil-absorbing boom on the surface of the water, which does not allow to "catch" oil and / or oil products moving in the water column and in the bottom layers of water.

Known oil-sorbing boom (RF patent No. 2275466, ЕВВ 15/06, 2006.04.27), including a core made of a polymer material that provides buoyancy of the boom, a tubular shell located around the core made of synthetic material, and a carrier in the form of polymer sorbent fibers with different densities . The core is a sealed container or sequentially installed sealed containers. The polymer sorbent carrier fibers alternate with each other and are impregnated with a composition of microorganisms and biogenic food with high destructive ability to oil and oil products.

The main disadvantage of the above oil sorption boom is the lack of water purification from oil and / or oil products moving with a stream of water in the thickness and in the bottom layers due to its location on the water surface.

Known boom barrier, patent of the Russian Federation 2117095, ЕВВ 15/06, 08/10/1998. This is a boom barrier, which includes a body cooling unit, a body and a ballast curtain made in the form of inflatable sleeves made of thin-walled steel placed sequentially under each other and connected to each other by air inlets for supplying and discharging air into the body sleeve and water into ballast sleeve and cooling sleeve, which is made with perforation, taken as a prototype. Its disadvantage is the complexity of the design and the lack of water purification from oil and / or oil products moving with a stream of water in the thickness and in the bottom layers due to its location on the water surface. The objective of the invention is to simplify the design, increase the reliability and quality of its work when cleaning the thickness and bottom layers of water from oil pollution.

The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of the installation in the water column and the bottom layer of watercourses, simplification of the design. The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the installation for cleaning the thickness and bottom layers of water from oil pollution, comprising a housing and a ballast curtain, according to a utility model, the housing is made in the form of a flexible pressure hose equipped with porous air sprayers, a flexible pressure hose and ballast curtain made in the form ballast sleeves are arranged sequentially one under the other and interconnected by means of clamps, while an air hose is connected to the flexible pressure hose to supply air from the compressor a quarrel, and the ballast sleeve is made of a polymer-fabric material.

The ballast sleeve is made of polymer-fabric material for the convenience of its transportation to the places of installation of the device and storage.

Polymeric-fabric material provides flexibility of the ballast sleeve, which allows you to install the device on the bottom of the watercourse in the presence of irregularities in the surface of the bottom of the watercourse. The ballast sleeve is made of a polymer-fabric material with a double-sided polyvinyl chloride coating, resistant to oil and oil products with a breaking load in all directions of at least 75 daN, with a tear resistance of at least 30 daN, a stiffness of at least 20 cN and resistant to repeated bending of at least less than 200 kHz.

Clamps are attached to the ballast sleeve, allowing the flexible pressure hose with porous air nozzles to be attached and fixedly fixed. The clamps are rigidly attached to the upper part of the ballast sleeve (for example, sewn with thread or on a threaded connection), which provide a fixed fixation of the flexible pressure hose on the ballast sleeve, and are located at a distance of 0.2-1.0 m from each other. To adjust the required length of the hose, hose connections with clamps are provided. On a flexible pressure hose in one line, on the thread there are attached porous air atomizers with an air supply regulator, which is a microporous body made of expanded clay, ceramic, plastic or other materials, providing air outlet with a diameter of bubbles of 2-5 mm with an air flow regulator . To ensure an air barrier across the entire cross section of the river, the distance between perforations on the flexible hose should be no more than 1 cm, and the diameter of the holes 0.2-1.0 mm. The use of porous air atomizers in the device ensures the formation of tiny bubbles, due to which the total surface area of the bubbles increases and, as a result, the process of water enrichment with oxygen improves and oil is raised to the surface of the water passing through the "air screen" highly efficiently.

When using air atomizers, holes for their fastening are made at a distance of not more than 5 cm from each other for the possibility of fixing the atomizers. Preferably, air filling begins with the end section of the flexible pressure hose.

Flexible pressure hose (high pressure hose) is made of polyvinyl chloride and is resistant to mechanical and chemical influences. A device for cleaning the thickness and bottom layers of water from oil is installed at the bottom of contaminated sections of watercourses; in areas located downstream of the source of oil pollution, and during treatment works on the watercourse - below the site of treatment works. Preliminary, hydrometric measurements are carried out in the alignment of the watercourse (width of the watercourse, depths, flow velocity), where the device will be located.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig.1 schematically shows a plan of the device; figure 2 - installation diagram of the device in the watercourse.

Water is cleaned from oil using a device for cleaning the thickness and bottom layers of water from oil (Fig. 1), including a ballast sleeve 1 with clamps 2 attached to it, a flexible pressure hose 3 with porous air sprayers 4 and an air compressor 5 built into it The air compressor is installed on the banks of the watercourse and is connected to the flexible pressure hose by a similar hose without air sprayers. For the effective functioning of the water purification process, booms 6 and an oil pumping device are additionally located (not shown in the drawing).

The claimed device is transported to the installation site using one of the available means to the previously examined section of the watercourse and is assembled. To bring the device into working condition, ballast is placed in the cavity of the ballast sleeve 1: for example, sand, stone, stone, pebbles, etc., is a material that secures the device at the bottom of the watercourse. Next, the clamps 2 are fastened with a flexible pressure hose 3 with porous air sprayers 4 to the ballast pipe 1 so that when the device is installed on the bottom of the watercourse, the air sprayers are directed to the surface of the water. The air atomizers that will be in the water are set to the “open” position with the help of the air supply regulator, and atomizers that will not be immersed in water to the “closed” position. Install the device using floating equipment at the bottom of the watercourse. A flexible pressure hose with porous atomizers is connected to an air compressor. During operation of this device, downstream of the watercourse, it is necessary to install floating booms to ensure the localization on the surface of the water of oil raised by the device. As the accumulation of oil, delayed by booms, to pump it to avoid the process of re-sedimentation.

After completion of the work on cleaning from oil pollution, the installation is transported to the shore of a reservoir, collected for storage and subsequent use.

In laboratory conditions on a flow-through installation, experimental tests of the invention were carried out. Observations of the surface of the water downstream from the booms showed the absence of an oil film in this section of the aquarium; as well as the lack of oil aggregates in the bottom section of the aquarium, downstream of the water from the perforated hose.

The advantage of the proposed device is to increase the degree of purification of water from oil and oil products moving in the stream in the thickness and bottom layers of water. This device can also be used to clean the water flow from other pollutants that can float. The degree of purification from pollutants moving in the thickness and bottom layers of water can reach 90-99%.

Claims (2)

1. A device for cleaning the thickness and bottom layers of water from oil pollution, comprising a housing and a ballast curtain, characterized in that the housing is made in the form of a flexible pressure hose equipped with porous air sprays, a flexible pressure hose and ballast curtain made in the form of a ballast sleeve, placed sequentially one below the other and interconnected by means of clamps, while an air hose for supplying air from the compressor is connected to the flexible pressure hose, and the ballast sleeve is made of polymer on-fabric material. 2. A device for cleaning the thickness and bottom layers of water from oil pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that it is placed on the bottom of the contaminated sections of watercourses.