RU88390U1 - ENERGY COMPLEX - Google Patents

Abstract

1. An energy complex including a power plant equipped with a cooling tower, characterized in that the power plant is a mini-CHP and a diesel power station, the electric generators of which are connected to an electric substation, and the mini-CHP consists of two parallel cycles - cogeneration-energy and cogeneration , the first of which includes steam power boilers, turbogenerators, condensers-heat exchangers connected to the cooling tower, heat exchangers-heaters, reduction-cooling installation, production heat supply system, and accordingly the second cycle includes steam boilers, heat exchangers, heaters, domestic heat supply system, while both cycles are connected in series with water treatment and deaeration-feed plants, and the production and domestic heat supply systems are equipped with a backup connection with the possibility of combination or interchange . ! 2. The energy complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the mini-CHP, diesel power station and electrical substation are equipped with an automated control system for generating and consuming electric energy, as well as generating thermal energy.

Description

The utility model relates to cogeneration power plants operating on different energy sources - coal and oil - and producing thermal and electric energy. The energy complex can be used to work in industrial and domestic facilities, mainly in remote, inaccessible areas with a sharply continental climate, in the UES complex or autonomously. It can be used in the reconstruction of boiler plants.

Analogs of the utility model include, for example, sectional or centralized thermal power plants, including steam boilers, cogeneration turbines with electric generators, condensers-heat exchangers for spent steam [Ryzhkin V.Ya. Thermal power plants. M., Energoatomizdat, 1987. S.12-13].

Known similar CHP plants have insufficient technological capabilities.

Also known is a similar power plant for generating electric energy and releasing heat in the form of steam for a central heating network, operating mainly by burning coal [Patent EP 0424864. Power plant / Asea Brown Bovery (DE) / - Declared 10.27.1989; Publ. 05/02/1991]. The power plant includes a steam generator that produces superheated steam for a remote closed heating system and for a turbogenerator that produces electric energy, as well as a turbine exhaust steam condenser. In addition, the power plant is equipped with a water treatment system of condensate heat exchangers-heaters located along the line between the condenser and the steam generator, and the supply and exhaust ducts of the steam generator connected with the natural draft tower.

The disadvantage is a reduction in the technological capabilities of the CHP and an increase in capital costs.

The prototype of the utility model is a cogeneration plant for the combined generation of heat and electricity with variable seasonal and daily consumption. [Hirschfeld V.Ya., Morozov G.N. Thermal power plants. M., Energoatomizdat, 1987. P.147, 158]. Known TPP contains a steam boiler, a cogeneration turbine with controlled selection and condensation, a generator, a condenser, a heat supply system (consumer), a cooling tower for condenser recycling water.

The design of the prototype leads to a decrease in functional differential compatibility with the modes of operation of consumption systems, especially when generating heat and electricity from different types of fuel, which reduces the technological capabilities of the known installation.

The objective of the utility model is to expand the technological capabilities of the energy complex.

The problem is solved in that, in the power complex, which includes a power plant with a cooling tower, according to a utility model, the power plant is a mini-CHP and a diesel power station (DES). The electric generators of the mini-CHP and (DES) are connected to the electrical substation. Mini-CHP consists of two parallel cycles - cogeneration, energy and cogeneration. The heating and energy cycle includes steam power boilers, turbogenerators, condensers-heat exchangers connected to the cooling tower, heat exchangers-heaters, a reduction and cooling unit, and a production heat supply system. The heating cycle includes steam boilers, heat exchangers, heaters, domestic heating systems. The cycles are connected in series with water treatment and deaeration-feed plants. Industrial and domestic heat supply systems are equipped with a backup connection with the possibility of combining or interchange.

The energy complex is equipped with an automated control system (ACS) with the ability to control and manage the generation and consumption of electrical energy, as well as the generation of thermal energy.

The technical result of the utility model is to expand the technological capabilities of the energy complex by differential regulation of the production of heat and electric energy with seasonal and production changes in demand.

The technical result is achieved,

firstly, by combining in the design of the power plant of the power complex of two power plants - a mini-CHP and a DES, which makes it possible to work on different types of fuel and the ability to reserve fuel;

secondly, the parallel arrangement of two cycles of mini-CHPPs - heating and energy, associated with the production heat supply system, and heating, associated with the household heat supply system; including back-up connection of both heat supply systems for combination or interchange;

thirdly, by placing a reduction and cooling unit in the heating and energy cycle to reduce superheated steam of energy steam boilers and use their heat energy in heat exchangers - heaters for transferring to the production heat supply system when the turbines are stopped, while maintaining stable operation of the boilers and reducing the costs of their own needs .

The technical result of the utility model helps to increase the reliability of independent energy supply of predominantly remote inaccessible settlements and industrial enterprises in areas with sharply continental climate.

The diagram shows an energy complex consisting of a mini-CHP, a DES and an electrical substation.

Mini-CHP includes the following equipment:

1 - water treatment plant;

2 - deaeration plant;

3 - steam power boiler;

4 - steam boiler;

5 - cogeneration turbine

6 - electric generator;

7 - heating heat exchanger-heater;

8 - condenser-heat exchanger;

9 - cooling tower;

10 - reduction and cooling installation;

11 - industrial heat exchanger-heater.

Energy steam boiler 3, steam cogeneration turbine 5, electric generator 6, heating heat exchanger-heater (boiler) 7, condenser-heat exchanger 8, cooling tower 9, reduction and cooling unit 10 comprise a heating and energy-generating cycle, including a closed heat supply system - the consumer’s heating system (not indicated on the diagram). The heating cycle consists of a steam boiler 4, a production heat exchanger-heater (boiler) 11, which includes a household - heating and technological heating system for the consumer (not shown in the diagram). Production and domestic heat supply systems are connected by a backup connection (not indicated in the diagram) with the possibility of combination or interchange.

The main equipment of the diesel electric power station is diesel 12 complete with an electric generator 13. In addition, the diesel electric power station contains pipelines consuming fuel capacity, an emergency fuel dump tank, clean and used oil tanks, a fuel pumping station, compressor station, filters, pipelines, valves, instrumentation (not shown in the diagram).

The electric generator 6 and the electric diesel generator 13 are connected to the electrical substation 14.

The energy complex is equipped with a centralized automatic control system (not shown in the diagram) for monitoring and controlling electric energy consumption, monitoring and controlling the generation of electric and thermal energy at a mini-thermal power station and generating electric energy from a DES.

The energy complex may include the necessary amount of equipment for each of these items. The amount of equipment is determined by engineering design calculations.

The energy complex works as follows. Water from a natural source, for example, from underground wells, is supplied to water treatment plant 1, chemical treatment and preparation are carried out, and fed to deaeration-feed plant 2. From plant 2 by feed pumps, water is supplied through a collector to energy steam boilers 3 and steam boilers 4. Get superheated steam.

Superheated steam from the energy boiler 3 is fed through a collector-steam line to a steam heating turbine 5.

The turbine operates at rated power with production selection for heating needs. The steam stream passing through the turbine 5 transmits energy to the electric generator 6. Receive electricity, which in the form of an electric current is transmitted to an electrical substation 14.

The steam is taken for production of turbine steam 5. The steam for production of turbines is supplied to heating heat exchangers-heaters 7. Hot water from heat exchangers-heaters 7 is supplied to the consumer's heating system.

Waste steam from the turbines 5 is fed into the condensers-heat exchangers 8. The cooling water of the condensers-heat exchangers 8 is sent to the cooling tower 9 and vice versa with water recycling pumps. The condensate of the condensers-heat exchangers 8 is returned to the deaeration-feed plant 2.

Steam from boilers 4 is supplied through a steam line to production heat exchangers-heaters 11, from which hot water enters the consumer’s heating and technological system.

Diesel fuel is supplied to diesel 12, burned, transmitting energy to generator 13. Generator 13 generates electrical energy, and transmit it to electrical substation 14.

They conduct centralized automated control over the consumption of electric energy from an electric substation generated by the energy complex, control and management of the generation of electric and thermal energy of a mini-thermal power station, and the generation of electric energy from a DES.

Example. The energy complex of the Olympiadinsky GOK contains a water treatment plant, two deaeration-feed plants, a cogeneration-energy and cogeneration cycle. The heating and energy cycle consists of five energy steam boilers KE 25-39-400, three steam heating turbines with adjustable selection P-6-3,4 / 0,5-1 complete with three electric generators TAP-6-2UZ, four heating heat exchanger-heater (boiler), three condensers-heat exchangers KP-540 / 6M, three cooling tower towers, one reduction and cooling unit. The heating cycle consists of four steam boilers KE-10-14, six industrial heat exchangers, heaters (boilers).

In addition, the energy complex includes a Waste Oil Recycling Plant® Steam Generator Station (not shown in the diagram), which contains burners for burning used oil mounted on energy steam boilers.

The power station DES includes four Caterpillar D 3616 diesel engines complete with four Kato electric generators, a fuel consumable tank, an emergency fuel dump tank, clean and used oil tanks, a fuel pumping station, a compressor station, filters, pipelines, shutoff valves, and control measuring equipment. The capacity of DES is 17.2 MW.

ACS includes subsystems of operational dispatch control and management, controller control, instrumentation and automation, actuators and auxiliary equipment (not shown in the diagram).

The work of the energy complex during the winter season is performed in the following order.

Water is prepared in the water treatment plant 1, then in the deaeration and feed plants 2. From the deaeration and feed plant 2, the prepared water is sent to the five energy steam boilers 3 by feed pumps. The chopped coal is fed into the furnaces of the boilers 3. Under the grate, air is supplied. Waste engine oil of various industries, intended for disposal, is supplied to the burners of the Steam Generator Used Waste Oil Recycling Station®. Coal and waste oil are burned, superheated steam is obtained. Absolute vapor pressure 3.2-3.8 MPa, temperature 340-400 ° С.

Superheated steam enters three steam turbines 5. Receive 18 MW of electricity, which in the form of electric current is transferred to substation 14 and then to the consumer. Steam consumption per turbine 20 t / h.

Steam production is carried out not more than 40 t / h. The vapor pressure in the selection of 0.5 MPa, the temperature of the steam in the selection of 190 ° C.

Steam of production selection is fed to four heat exchangers-heaters (boilers) 7. Hot water from the boilers is transferred to the heating and technological production network of the consumer.

Waste steam from the turbines 6 is condensed in condensers-heat exchangers 8 by circulating cooling water at a temperature of 25 ° C through the towers of the cooling tower 9.

From the deaeration-feed plant 2, the prepared water is sent to four steam boilers 4. The crushed coal cleared of impurities is fed to the grate of the furnace of the boiler 5. Under the grate, air is supplied. Coal is burned, steam is obtained at a temperature of 270 ° C and a pressure of 1.4 MPa. Steam is supplied to six heat exchangers-heaters (boilers) 7 for transferring hot water to the domestic and heating network of residential premises.

Diesel fuel from the supply tank is fed through filters to the diesel engine 12 DES. they burn the fuel, receive 17.32 MW of electric energy, which is transferred from the electric generator 13 to the electrical substation 14 and then to the consumer.

It is possible to use petroleum fuel or fuel oil for a diesel engine. It is possible to use crude oil with satisfactory physical and chemical characteristics, for example, oil from the Yurubchenskoye oil and gas field.

They measure, monitor, and automatically control the technological parameters of the operation of the equipment of the mini-CHP, DES, electrical substation and the energy complex as a whole at automated workstations using operational and archived visualized information and a single information space.

During the summer season, the energy complex operates in the following order. Water is prepared and superheated steam is obtained in energy steam boilers 3 and steam boilers 4 similarly to the winter operation mode. Superheated steam enters three steam cogeneration turbines 5 with production selection, as in example 1. Receive 18 MW of electricity, which in the form of electric current is transferred to electric substation 14 and then transferred to the consumer. Steam production is being conducted at 8 t / h. The steam pressure in the selection of 0.5 MPa, the temperature of the steam in the selection of 190 ° C. The steam flow to the turbine is 20 t / h. The steam from the production selection of turbines 6 and the steam from steam boilers 4 are sent to heat exchangers-heaters (boilers) for transfer to the consumer, similar to the operating mode in the winter.

DES works without seasonal changes in accordance with the schedule for the production of electric energy.

In turbine shutdown mode, the energy complex operates in the following order. Water is prepared and superheated steam is obtained in energy steam boilers 3 and steam boilers 4 similarly to the operating mode in winter and summer periods. Superheated steam from boilers 3 is fed to a reduction and cooling unit 10, and reduced steam is obtained with a temperature of 180 ° C and a pressure of 5 MPa. The reduced steam of energy boilers 3 is sent to heat exchangers-heaters 7 and steam of steam boilers 4 is sent to heat exchangers-heaters 11 to transfer hot water to the consumer, similar to the operating mode in winter and summer periods.

DES works without seasonal changes in accordance with the schedule for the production of electric energy.

Claims (2)

1. An energy complex including a power plant equipped with a cooling tower, characterized in that the power plant is a mini-CHP and a diesel power station, the electric generators of which are connected to an electric substation, and the mini-CHP consists of two parallel cycles - cogeneration-energy and cogeneration , the first of which includes steam power boilers, turbogenerators, condensers-heat exchangers connected to the cooling tower, heat exchangers-heaters, reduction-cooling installation, production heat supply system, and accordingly the second cycle includes steam boilers, heat exchangers, heaters, domestic heat supply system, while both cycles are connected in series with water treatment and deaeration-feed plants, and the production and domestic heat supply systems are equipped with a backup connection with the possibility of combination or interchange . 2. The energy complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the mini-CHP, diesel power station and electrical substation are equipped with an automated control system for generating and consuming electric energy, as well as generating thermal energy.