RU85946U1 - DEVICE FOR EXPLOSIVE SOLID DESTRUCTION - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for non-explosive destruction of hard rocks, including a pneumatic charger, a well, an non-explosive destructive mixture, characterized in that a pipe for supplying water is inserted into the well, and the wellhead is plugged.

Description

The utility model relates to the construction industry and is used, in particular, in the construction of trenches for gas and oil pipelines, roads in hard rocks.

A known method of destruction of solid rocks using non-explosive destructive means (LDCs) according to patent RU 2251619. LDCs are powder materials of a special composition. For example, a relatively inexpensive "lime" type LDC based on the use of calcium oxide. These materials are humidified and, like explosives, are loaded into wells drilled in an object to be destroyed. As a result of the interaction of LDCs with water (hydration), chemical compounds are formed, the volume of which exceeds the volume of the starting materials by a factor of two. In this case, a very high pressure develops inside the well. Typically, LDCs are used for the development of decorative rocks, cutting "oversize" in the extraction of stone, with the gentle destruction of construction sites and elements that are decommissioned. The disadvantages of this method of destruction are that in order to obtain the desired effect, thermally stabilized lime is required, the production of which requires calcination at elevated (about 1300 ° C) temperature, or the introduction of stabilizing additives into the calcined limestone. In addition, the LDCs are loaded into the wells already shut. This is not entirely safe, especially when carrying out large volumes of mining operations, because the first charged wells are already beginning to collapse, until all other wells have been charged.

Also known non-explosive expanding mixture for mining and drilling operations SIGB, produced by LLC "BUILDING MATERIALS" (140050, Moscow region. Lyubertsy district, Kraskovo village, Karl Marx street, 117), which is an analog of MaxDinamitCement; Bristar, Demeks, HPC-1M, HPB-80, Silent Blast. SIGB is used in the destruction of an object that is located in close proximity to the highway, to residential buildings, or to closely located residential objects. SIGB is used: for the destruction (due to the expansion force) of concrete and reinforced concrete structures, masonry, granite rocks, the extraction of blocks of natural stone; It is an effective additive for expanding cements; preparation of washing, grouting mortars for monolithic zones, caverns and oil and gas wells; The destruction is not accompanied by any fluctuations, the release of solid or gaseous products. The principle of action of the powder is similar to the principle described above. When SIGB powder is mixed with water, a working mixture (suspension) is formed, which, being poured into a partially or completely closed well cavity in an object, gradually hardens as a result of the powder hydration reaction, increasing in volume. The increase in volume is accompanied by the development of pressure on the walls of the enclosing cavity of the well, the value of which eventually reaches 500 kgf / cm2 (50 MPa). In this case, stresses develop in the body of the enclosing object, the value of which can exceed its ultimate tensile strength, which will lead to the destruction of the object. The destruction effect is expressed by the formation of cracks in the body of the object and their development over time. The disadvantage of this method is that it requires the presence in the object of at least two outcrop planes located relative to each other at a certain angle. High cost of powder. Drilling wells is recommended with a diameter of not more than 32:42 mm. When using wells with a diameter of more than 40 mm, the likelihood of spontaneous discharge of the working mixture from the well increases, especially if the temperature of the object exceeds + 25 degrees C.

The objective of the utility model is to increase the level of safety of workers during soil destruction operations, and to reduce the likelihood of spontaneous discharge of the working mixture from the well.

The presented problem was achieved in that, for safety reasons, all wells are first filled with a dry non-explosive destructive mixture (for example, quicklime granules), and then a metered water supply is made simultaneously to all wells through inserted tubes with dispensers. Moreover, the mouths of the wells are plugged with clay mastic plugs, which eliminates the ejection of the mixture from the well and allows you to drill large diameters.

The composition of the device is illustrated in the drawing, where well 1 using a pneumatic charger (not shown) is filled with an non-explosive destructive mixture 2. The wellhead is plugged with a plug 3. The non-explosive destructive mixture is closed with a dosed portion of water through a tube 4 through a replacement watering can 5.

The device operates as follows.

A tube for supplying water 4 is lowered into the finished well 1. After that, with the help of a pneumatic charger, the 2/3 well is filled with non-explosive destructive mixture 2. The well mouth is plugged with a plug 3 to a height of 1/3 (for example, from clay mastic). After the mastic has dried, a metered portion of water is supplied to all wells through tubes through a replacement watering can. When LDCs are mixed with water, a working mixture is formed, which hardens as a result of the hydration reaction, increasing in volume. The increase in volume is accompanied by the development of pressure on the walls of the well, forming cracks in it and destroying the hard rock. The destroyed rock is developed by construction equipment.

Claims (1)

A device for non-explosive destruction of solid rocks, including a pneumatic charger, a well, non-explosive destructive mixture, characterized in that a pipe for supplying water is inserted into the well, and the wellhead is plugged.