RU84476U1 - AXIAL AXIAL TYPE FAST - Google Patents

Abstract

A high-speed wind wheel of axial type with working blades fixed on the shaft, located at an angle to the plane of rotation, characterized in that the working blades are fixed on the shaft motionlessly, and the wind wheel is equipped with additional blades located in the plan between the working blades, the plane of rotation of which has a shift relative to the plane of rotation of the workers blades, while additional blades are located at a greater angle to the plane of rotation than the working blades.

Description

The utility model relates to wind energy, to devices of aerodynamic type for controlling the rotational speed and torque of a wind wheel.

Known high-speed wind wheel (VK) axial type, for example, described in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2272173, adopted as a prototype. This axial-type high-speed wind wheel contains a hub, bearing units rigidly fixed on it, in which the blades are placed with the possibility of rotation relative to their axes located at an angle to the axis of the wind wheel, and also a device located in the hub that affects the rotation of the blade.

The common essential features of the proposed technical solution with the prototype are the following - a high-speed axial-type wind wheel contains blades mounted on the shaft, located at an angle to the plane of rotation.

The designs of this type of wind-wheel speed control systems are technically complicated, and therefore expensive, and also sensitive to weather conditions, such as temperature changes, ice, and therefore low reliability. In addition, high-speed wind turbines have a very low starting torque, so their self-start occurs only at high wind speeds.

The proposed design solves the technical problem of starting a wind wheel at low wind speeds and vice versa braking at its excessive speeds, as well as maintaining a constant speed of rotation of the wind wheel.

To solve this technical problem, in a high-speed axial-type wind turbine with working blades fixed on the shaft (on the hub), located at an angle to the plane of rotation, the working blades are fixed on the shaft, and the wind wheel is equipped with additional blades fixed on the shaft motionless, located in plan between working blades (axes have an angular shift relative to the axes of the working blades), while the additional blades are located at a greater angle to the plane of rotation than the working blades.

Additional blades rotate in the same plane or in another equidistant plane. The diameter and angles of their installation are determined specifically for each wind turbine based on the estimated speed of rotation of the wind wheel, the estimated power and wind speed.

Distinctive features of the proposed technical solution from the known (prototype) are the following - the working blades are fixed on the shaft motionless, and the wind wheel is equipped with additional blades fixed on the shaft motionless, located in plan between the working blades (the axes have an angular shift relative to the axes of the working blades), additional blades are located at a greater angle to the plane of rotation than the working blades.

Due to the essential features of the proposed technical solution, in combination with the known ones, the following technical result is achieved - additional blades have large installation angles, which allows the wind wheel to spin up at low wind speeds, the speed of the wind wheel is controlled due to the fact that the additional blade slows down the wind wheel at high speeds of rotation of the wind wheel, than supports the calculated speed of rotation of the VK.

The proposed technical solution can find application in the design of wind power plants of the horizontal-axis type.

The design of the proposed wind wheel with a speed controller of the aerodynamic type is illustrated in the figure.

Figure 1 shows a wind wheel, as well as the installation angles of the working and starting blades.

Figure 2 shows a comparative graph of the dependence of the torque on the axis of the wind wheel from its rotation speed for various wind wheels.

The wind wheel depicted in the drawing of FIG. 1 contains a hub 1, working blades 2 and launch blades 3 rigidly fixed thereon, the installation angle of the working 2 and launch blades 3 of the wind wheel, respectively, is shown in sections AA and BB.

The operation of the wind wheel is explained by the graph shown in figure 2. Starting blades 3 have a large starting moment (torque on the axis of the wind wheel with the wind wheel standing) exceeding the starting moment of the working blade 2 three or more times, due to which the wind wheel starts to rotate at very low wind speeds (2..3 m / s). As the wind wheel spins up, the torque from the working blades 2 increases, while for the starting blades 3, on the contrary, it decreases and even becomes negative, i.e. starting blades 3 have a braking effect on the wind wheel. Due to the described effect, the speed of rotation of the wind wheel is stabilized around the calculated value due to a sharp drop in the magnitude of the torque (line total coefficient) with a further increase in the speed of rotation of the wind wheel.

Claims (1)

Axial-type high-speed wind wheel with rotor blades fixed to the shaft, located at an angle to the plane of rotation, characterized in that the rotor blades are fixed on the shaft, and the wind wheel is equipped with additional blades located in plan between the blades, the plane of rotation of which has a shift relative to the plane of rotation of the workers the blades, while the additional blades are located at a greater angle to the plane of rotation than the working blades.