RU84175U1 - FLASH PROGRAMMER AND EEPROM MEMORY PIC-MICROCONTROLLERS - Google Patents

Abstract

Programmer FLASH and EEPROM memory of PIC microcontrollers, containing three panels for installing microcontrollers DIP-18, DIP-28 and DIP-40, in which ceramic blocking capacitors are installed between the Vss and Vdd terminals, a COM port for connecting to a computer, a rectifier with serial doubling and voltage stabilization with two electrolytic and two blocking ceramic capacitors, which is fed by the COM port clock pulses, a transistor in key mode with protective diodes in the MCLR output circuit for supplying program voltage to the microcontroller, the switch on the transistor, which feeds the programming signals from the COM port to the OSI (PGD) pin of the microcontroller and checks the programming results from the OSO (PGC) pin, a transistor voltage regulator for setting the working programming voltage on the MCLR pin of the microcontroller, characterized in that the model of protection against failure of programmable PIC microcontrollers in non-standard situations, consisting of a ballast resistor, a reference diode, and an adjustable transistor. ! 5988

Description

The utility model relates to the field of microprocessor and microcontroller circuitry, namely, devices

programming FLASH program memory and EEPROM data memory of modern 8-bit PIC microcontrollers.

A well-known analogue is “JDM Programmer”, described on the Internet at: http://zps-electronics.com/docs/145/cirquit.gif. The circuit diagram of the analogue is shown in the figure in Appendix 1 to the description of the claimed utility model. The analogue (see Appendix 1 - analogue) includes: a panel for installing the DIP-18 programmable microcontroller; old-style serial COM port DB25F with contacts TXD, GND, CTS, DTR and RTS; a rectifier with sequential doubling and voltage stabilization (5.1 V and 5.1 + 8.2 = 13.3 V) on the elements D3, D4, D2, D6 and C2, C3, providing power to the programmer directly from the computer's COM port, without any additional power supply for the programmer; key transistor Q1 with protective diodes D5 and D7 for supplying programming voltage to the MCLR pin of the programmable microcontroller; the electronic switch on the Q2 transistor performs switching of the microcontroller programming signals and verification of the programming results. The analogue is focused on programming one-time programmable PIC microcontrollers PIC12C508, PIC12C509, PIC12C50X, etc. (in the designations, the letter C means once programmable microcontrollers).

With the originality of the technical solution, the disadvantages of the analog are:

1. In the overwhelming majority of cases, an analogue cannot provide high-quality programming of repeatedly electrically programmable FLASH program memory and EEPROM data memory of modern 8-bit PIC microcontrollers (such microcontrollers have the letter F in their designation: PIC16F83,

PIC16F84, PIC16F84A, PIC16F627, PIC16F628, PIC16F873, PIC16F873A, PIC16F874, PIC16F874A, PIC16F876, PIC16F876A, PIC16F877, PIC16F877A, PIC18F242, PIC18F252, PIC18F442, PIC18F452, et al., Which are 18, 28, 40 or more outputs).

2. The panel for installing the programmable microcontroller DIP-18 does not ensure error-free installation of the microcontroller in accordance with its pinout (pin) and when changing the location of the microcontroller by 180 ° in most cases, the polarity of the terminals V _ss and V _dd changes, which in turn leads to 70-80% of cases of failure of programmable PIC microcontrollers. And such an error in the mass production of devices (programming microcontrollers) has a sufficient probability to be taken into account.

3. In addition, when changing the location of the microcontroller relative to the DIP-18 panel by 180 °, an emergency occurs when the programming high potential of the order of 12-13.5 V does not arrive at the high-voltage programming input of the MCLR microcontroller, but can go to any of the PIC- outputs microcontrollers that are designed to power only 5V potential. This situation is emergency and unambiguously leads to a loss of operability of the programmable PIC microcontroller.

4. If there is a drawback specified in clause 3, in addition, a situation is possible when the V _ss terminal of the microcontroller does not have galvanic contact with the V _dd terminal of the DIP-18 panel or vice versa - when the V _dd terminal of the microcontroller does not have galvanic contact with the V _ss terminal of the DIP panel -eighteen. In such a situation, a programmable PIC microcontroller in 100% of cases fails.

The closest in technical solution is the prototype device: Patent for utility model No. 72805 of the Russian Federation. Bull. No. 12 for 2008.

“Programmer of the memory of FLASH programs and EEPROM data of microcontrollers from MICROCHIP” // Akinshin R.N., Akinshin N.S., Ankudinov K.A., Ankudinov A.I., Khomyakov A.V., Kovalev Yu.M. , Glagolev O.A. The prototype (see Appendix 2 - the prototype) includes: panels for installing the middle and older PIC microcontrollers DIP-18, DIP-28 and DIP-40 listed in the analog with three ceramic blocking capacitors; COM port for connecting to a computer; a rectifier with sequential doubling and voltage stabilization with two ceramic blocking capacitors and doubled capacitances of electrolytic capacitors, which is fed by the clock pulses of the COM port; a key-mode transistor with protective diodes in the MCLR programming output circuit to supply programming voltage to the PIC microcontroller; a transistor switch that feeds programming signals from the COM port to the OSI pin (PGD) of the microcontroller and checks the programming results from the OSO pin (PGC); transistor voltage regulator for setting the working voltage of programming at the MCLR pin of the PIC microcontroller.

The prototype (see the figure in Appendix 2 - the prototype) is devoid of the first drawback inherent in the analogue, namely, the circuit diagram of the prototype provides the possibility of reliable programming of the FLASH program memory and the EEPROM data memory of most 8-bit PIC microcontrollers of the middle and older generations of MICROCHIP, used in modern microcontroller circuitry: mid-generation microcontrollers PIC16F83, PIC16F84, PIC16F84A, PIC16F627, PIC16F628, PIC16F873, PIC16F873A, PIC16F874, PIC16F874A, PIC16F876, PIC16F876, PIC16F876, PIC16F876

PIC16F877A, etc., as well as older generation microcontrollers PIC18F242, PIC18F242A, PIC18F252, PIC18F252A, PIC18F442, PIC18F442A, PIC18F452, PIC18F452A, etc.

But the prototype fully retains the second, third and fourth drawbacks of the analogue, caused by situations that we call non-standard, namely (now we denote them as 1, 2 and 3 below):

1. The DIP-18, DIP-28 and DIP-40 panels for installing programmable PIC microcontrollers, as before, do not ensure error-free installation of the microcontroller in accordance with its pinout (pinout) and when the microcontroller is positioned 180 °, in most cases the polarity changes conclusions V _ss and V _dd , which in turn leads in 70-80% of cases to the failure of programmable PIC microcontrollers. And such an error in the mass production of devices (programming microcontrollers) has a sufficient probability, and it cannot be ignored.

2. In addition, when changing the location of the microcontroller relative to the DIP-18, DIP-28 and DIP-40 panels by 180 °, an emergency occurs when the programming high potential of the order of 12-13.5 V does not arrive at the high-voltage programming input of the MCLR PIC microcontroller , but can go to any of the outputs of the microcontroller, which are designed to power only from 5 V potential. This situation is emergency and unambiguously leads to a loss of operability of the programmable PIC microcontroller.

3. If there is a drawback specified in clause 2, in addition, it is possible that the terminal V _{ss of the} PIC microcontroller does not have galvanic contact with the terminal V _{dd of the} DIP-18, DIP-28 and DIP-40 panels, or vice versa - when the terminal V _dd PIC The microcontroller does not have galvanic contact with the terminal V _{ss of the} DIP-18, DIP-28 and DIP-40 panels. In such situation

a programmable PIC microcontroller in 100% of cases fails in programming mode.

The proposed utility model solves the problem of maintaining the operability of programmable PIC microcontrollers of the middle generation PIC16F83, PIC16F84, PIC16F84A, PIC16F627, PIC16F628, PIC16F873, PIC16F873A, PIC16F874, PIC16F874A, PIC16F8768, PIC16FIC1677, PIC16F8768, PIC16F8768, PIC16F8768, PIC16F876, PIC16F8768, PIC16F8768, PIC16F876A, PIC16F876A, PIC16F876A, PIC16F876A, PIC16F876A, PIC16F876A, PIC16F876A. older generation PIC18F242, PIC18F242A, PIC18F252, PIC18F252A, PIC18F442, PIC18F442A, PIC18F452, PIC18F452A, etc. if the PIC microcontrollers are incorrectly installed in the programming panel DIP-18, DIP-28 and DIP-40 with a normal rotation situations we called non-standard.

Thus, the utility model solves the following tasks of maintaining the operability of PIC microcontrollers during their programming in non-standard situations (without solving this problem, PIC microcontrollers that fall into non-standard situations during programming lose their functionality - they fail):

- maintaining the performance of the microcontroller when changing the polarity of the power at the power terminals V _ss and V _{dd of the} microcontroller;

- maintaining the performance of the microcontroller when programming a high potential of the order of 12-13.5 V does not arrive at the high-voltage programming input of the MCLR of the PIC microcontroller, but can go to any of the outputs of the microcontroller that are designed to supply power from only 5 V potential;

- maintaining the performance of the microcontroller when the terminal V _{ss of the} PIC microcontroller does not have galvanic contact with the terminal V _{dd of the} DIP-18, DIP-28 and DIP-40 panels, or vice versa - when the terminal V _{dd of the} PIC microcontroller does not have galvanic contact with the terminal V _{ss of the} panels DIP-18, DIP-28 and DIP-40 in programming mode.

The task is achieved by the fact that in the programmer FLASH and EEPROM memory of PIC microcontrollers, containing three panels for installing microcontrollers DIP-18, DIP-28 and DIP-40, in which between the terminals V _ss and V _dd ceramic blocking capacitors are installed, СОМ- a port for connecting to a computer, a rectifier with sequential doubling and voltage stabilization with two electrolytic and two blocking ceramic capacitors, which is fed by the clock pulses of the COM port, a transistor in key mode with protective diodes in pi MCLR output for supplying programming voltage to the microcontroller, a switch on the transistor, which supplies programming signals from the COM port to the OSI (PGD) terminal of the microcontroller and verifies the programming results from the OSO (PGC) terminal, a transistor voltage regulator to set the operating programming voltage to the MCLR output of the microcontroller, a device for protection against failure of programmable PIC microcontrollers in non-standard situations, consisting of a ballast resistor, a reference iodine and a control transistor.

By introducing into the FLASH and EEPROM programmer the memory of the PIC microcontrollers an additional protection device against the failure of the programmable PIC microcontrollers in non-standard situations, consisting of a ballast resistor, a reference diode and a control transistor, the following results were obtained:

- the operability of PIC microcontrollers is preserved when the polarity of the power is changed at the power terminals V _ss and V _{dd of the} microcontrollers without disabling the latter;

- the performance of the PIC microcontrollers is maintained when the programming high potential of the order of 12-13.5 V is supplied not to the high-voltage programming input MCLR, but can go to any of the outputs of the microcontroller;

- the microcontroller’s performance is not disturbed when the V _ss terminal of the PIC microcontroller does not have galvanic contact with the V _dd terminal of the DIP-18, DIP-28 and DIP-40 panels, or vice versa - when the V _dd terminal of the PIC microcontroller does not have galvanic contact with the V _ss terminal DIP-18, DIP-28 and DIP-40 panels in programming mode.

Thus, as a result of the measures taken, the utility model eliminates all three shortcomings of the prototype, that is, it is possible to maintain the operability of the programmable PIC microcontrollers of the middle generation PIC16F83, PIC16F84, PIC16F84A, PIC16F627, PIC16F628, PIC16F873, PIC16F873A, PIC16F8748, PIC16F87416, PIC16F874, PIC16F87416, PIC16F87416, PIC16F87416, PIC16F87416, PIC16F874, PIC16F873, PIC16F874F, PIC16F874, PIC16F873 , PIC16F877A, etc., as well as older generation PIC microcontrollers PIC18F242, PIC18F242A, PIC18F252, PIC18F252A, PIC18F442, PIC18F442A, PIC18F452, PIC18F452A, etc. if the PIC-DIP-DIP-Microcontroller is installed in the IP-DIP-28, DIP-Microcontroller -40 with a 180 ° turn from the normal location - t Kie situation we called non-standard:

In FIG. shows a schematic electrical diagram of a device - utility model - "Programmer FLASH and EEPROM memory PIC-microcontrollers."

Programmer FLASH and EEPROM memory of PIC microcontrollers. (see Fig.) includes: COM port (DB9F) 1 with pins TXD, SG, CTS, DTR and RTS; rectifier with sequential doubling and voltage stabilization on diodes 2 and 3 (KD522B), Zener diode 4 (KC156A with U _CT = 5.0-5.5 V at I _CT = 20 mA is used in the model), Zener diode 5 (KS406B is used in the model without selection of parameters), filter electrolytic capacitors 6 and 7, the capacitance of which in the model is 47.0 and 220.0 μF, respectively, blocking ceramic capacitors 8 and 9 with a capacity of 0.1 μF; voltage regulator on transistor 10 (KT3102B),

a tuned resistor 11 (3.3 kOhm), a resistor 12 (10 kOhm) and an electrolytic capacitor 13 (100 μF), which provides a voltage range of 12-15 V at the MCLR pin of the programmable microcontrollers; key mode transistor 14 (КТ3102Б) with protective diodes 15 and 16 (КД522Б) providing power to the MCLR pin of programmable microcontrollers; DIP-18 17, DIP-28 18 and DIP-40 19 panels for installing programmable microcontrollers, and the pins of one functional purpose are combined, since only one microcontroller is programmed at a time, and on the panels 17, 18 and 19 only power supply terminals V _ss and V _dd , shunted by blocking ceramic capacitors 20, 21 and 22 (each 0.1 μF each) and MCLR, PGC (OCO), PGD (OCI) programming leads; an electronic switch on transistor 23 (KT3102B) with resistors 24 (10 kOhm) and 25 (1.5 kOhm), switching the programming signals of microcontrollers and checking the programming results passing through COM port 1 from the computer and back to it; an introduced device for protecting against the failure of programmable PIC microcontrollers in the event of the above non-standard situations, consisting of a ballast resistor 26 (1.2 kOhm), a reference diode 27 (KD522B) and a control transistor 28 (KTZ 102B).

The FLASH and EEPROM programmer of the memory of PIC microcontrollers (see Fig.) In the standard (working) mode works as follows. The microcontroller to be programmed is inserted into the corresponding panel of the programmer 17, 18 or 19. The COM port 1 of the programmer is connected to a computer on which one of the well-known programmer control programs is installed (for example, the IC-Prog control program, which can be taken on the website

http://www.ic-prog.com). Next, the HEX file of the microcontroller operation algorithm obtained by any of the known methods is entered into the control program. Then the control program sends signals to the COM port 1 of the programmer and the latter works as follows: the rectifier starts to work with sequential multiplication and voltage stabilization on the elements 2-9; 5.0-5.5 V power is supplied to the terminals of the programmable microcontroller V _ss and V _dd ; the voltage regulator on the elements 10-13 supplies an adjustable voltage of 12-15 V to the transistor switch on the elements 14-16; when a TXD signal is supplied from COM port 1, the transistor switch on elements 14-16 supplies programming power to the MCLR pin of the microcontroller, which is now ready to directly write to it the HEX file of the microcontroller operation algorithm; by the signals of the control program from the computer through the COM port 1, the electronic switch on the elements 23, 24 and 25 carries out the outputs of the microcontroller OSO (РГС) and OSI (PGD) records the HEX file in the memory of the FLASH programs and the data memory of the EEPROM of the microcontroller with subsequent verification of error microcontroller programming. Since the list of microcontrollers programmed by the utility model is very large, when programming various types of microcontrollers, cases are sometimes possible when voltage adjustment at the MCLR pin of the microcontroller is necessary using trimmer resistor 11.

In the considered standard (working) programming mode (see Fig.), The device introduced into the model for protection against failure of programmable PIC microcontrollers in non-standard situations, consisting of a ballast resistor 26, a reference diode 27, and a control transistor 28 does not change the principle of operation of the programmer, but "waiting"

non-standard situations in which it can protect a programmable PIC microcontroller.

In the non-standard mode (see Fig.) Of programming (in all three versions indicated in the disadvantages of the prototype and designated as the tasks facing the utility model) in the introduced protection device against failure of the programmable PIC microcontrollers, the emitter potential of transistor 28 is equal to the cathode potential reference diode 27, the voltage drop at which is 0.7 V, and this voltage is applied “+” to the base, and “-” to the emitter of transistor 28 with the structure npn, transistor 28 goes into saturation, makes the base potential tra nsistor 10, and therefore the emitter of transistor 10 close to zero. Thus, the voltage at the output of the voltage regulator 10-13 becomes practically equal to zero and all three situations entering into the non-standard mode do not lead to failure of the programmable PIC microcontroller.

Thus, the introduction into a utility model of an additional device for protection against failure of programmable PIC microcontrollers in non-standard situations, consisting of a ballast resistor 26, a reference diode 27 and a control transistor 28, while maintaining high-quality and reliable programming of repeatedly electrically programmable FLASH program memory and memory EEPROM data of the majority of modern 8-bit PIC microcontrollers ensured the integrity of the microcontrollers in the event of a nestand tnyh situations during programming:

- the operability of PIC microcontrollers is preserved when the polarity of the power is changed at the power terminals V _ss and V _{dd of the} microcontrollers without disabling the latter;

- the performance of the PIC microcontrollers is maintained when the programming high potential of the order of 12-13.5 V is supplied not to the MCLR high-voltage programming input, but can go to any of the microcontroller pins without overloading the latter;

- the microcontroller’s performance is not disturbed when the V _ss terminal of the PIC microcontroller does not have galvanic contact with the V _dd terminal of DIP-18, DIP-28 and DIP-40 panels, or vice versa - when the V _dd terminal of the PIC microcontroller does not have galvanic contact with the V _ss terminal DIP-18, DIP-28 and DIP-40 panels in programming mode.

Claims (1)

PIC microcontroller memory FLASH and EEPROM programmer, containing three panels for installing DIP-18, DIP-28 and DIP-40 microcontrollers, in which ceramic blocking capacitors are installed between the V _ss and V _dd terminals, a COM port for connecting to a computer, a rectifier with sequential doubling and voltage stabilization with two electrolytic and two blocking ceramic capacitors, which is fed by the COM port clock pulses, a transistor in key mode with protective diodes in the MCLR output circuit to supply program voltage microcontroller, the switch on the transistor, which feeds the programming signals from the COM port to the OSI (PGD) pin of the microcontroller and checks the programming results from the OSO (PGC) pin, a transistor voltage regulator to set the working programming voltage on the MCLR pin of the microcontroller, characterized in that the model of protection against failure of programmable PIC microcontrollers in non-standard situations, consisting of a ballast resistor, a reference diode, and controllers, was introduced into the model transistor. 5988