RU82060U1 - HEATING CABLE - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A heating cable, including control cores with temperature sensors, the control cores made of copper wires, on top of which an intermediate sheath is applied, then with a single coil heating cores made of aluminum or copper wires, which are electrically separated by a cordele and placed in the insulation of the heating cores , on top of which the armor and the outer sheath are superimposed, characterized in that the control cores are single-wire and twisted into a core around the cordel, when as each individual The control and heating cores are insulated with polymer material. ! 2. The heating cable according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains two heating cores. ! 3. The heating cable according to claim 2, characterized in that it contains three heating cores. ! 4. The heating cable according to claim 3, characterized in that the intermediate and outer shells are made of polymer material. ! 5. The heating cable according to claim 4, characterized in that the insulation and the sheath of the control cores can be made simultaneously in one technological cycle and represent a monolithic structure. ! 6. The heating cable according to claim 4, characterized in that part of the wires of the heating cores can be replaced with steel insulated wires. ! 7. The heating cable according to claim 6, characterized in that each individual wire of the heating cores is additionally wrapped with a fluoroplastic or polyamide-fluoroplastic film and coated with a polymer material on top of the winding. ! 8. The heating cable according to claim 6, characterized in that each individual wire of the heating cores is additionally coated with heat

Description

The proposed utility model relates to resistive heating cables and cable temperature control systems. The cable proposed in accordance with this utility model can be included in oil well equipment to prevent the formation of paraffin hydrate plugs and for track heating of oil pipelines.

Known heating cable according to the patent of Russian Federation No. 73536. This cable is selected as a prototype, as the closest in combination of essential features to the claimed cable. The prototype includes heating and control cores with temperature sensors, on top of which the armor and the outer sheath are applied, each control core consisting of at least three twisted insulated copper wires placed in the casing of the control wires, all control wires are twisted into the core and placed in an intermediate shell, on top of which insulated heating cores are laid with one layer, which are electrically separated by a cordele laid along the length of the cable, and placed in the insulation of the heating wires silt. A drawback of the design of this cable is its insufficient reliability and durability, since possible violations of the integrity of the outer and intermediate shells lead to earth faults, and the high temperature of the heating cores during operation leads to rapid wear of the insulating shells.

The purpose of this utility model is to increase the reliability and durability of the heating cable.

The design of the proposed cable contains control wires made of copper wires with temperature sensors, on top of which an intermediate sheath is applied, then, in a single layer, heating wires made of aluminum or copper wires, which are electrically separated by a cordele and placed in the insulation of heating wires, on top of which armor and outer shell.

A distinctive feature of the proposed cable is that the control cores are made single-wire and are twisted into a core around the corridor. On each separate wire of control and heating veins isolation from polymeric material is imposed.

The cable may contain 2 or 3 heating cores.

Additional differences of the proposed heating cable is the following:

- the outer and intermediate shells are made of a polymer material,

- to speed up the process of manufacturing the cable, the insulation and the sheath of the control cores can be performed in one technological cycle and represent a monolithic structure,

- to increase the structural strength, part of the wires of the heating cores can be replaced with steel insulated wires,

- each individual wire of the heating cores can be additionally wrapped with a fluoroplastic or polyamide-fluoroplastic film and coated with a polymer material over the winding,

- each individual wire of heating cores can be additionally coated with heat-resistant varnish and coated with a polymer material on top.

Figure 1 shows a sectional view of a first embodiment of a heating cable, where

1 - control core;

2 - isolation of the control core;

3 - the shell of the control cores;

4 - an insulating cord of polymer material;

5 - copper or aluminum wires of heating cores;

6 - insulation of wires of heating cores;

7 - insulation of heating cores;

8 - steel galvanized wire armor;

9 - outer shell.

In the cable shown in FIG. 1, the control cores, consisting of copper wires 1 and insulation 2, are enclosed in a sheath 3. The control cores are twisted around an insulating corbel 4. Temperature sensors are connected to the control cores on different cable lengths. Heating cores 5 are superimposed on the shell of the control cores by the method of twisting, which are separated by a polymer cordele 4. Each wire of the heating cores is placed in the insulation 6 of a polymer material. An insulating sheath is imposed on the heating cores 7. As an armor, one layer of galvanized steel is imposed on the insulation

wires 8. Steel galvanized wires 8 are imposed with a gap. On the steel wire 8, the outer shell 9 of polymer is applied.

Figure 2 shows in section a second variant of the heating cable, where

1 - control core;

2-3 - monolithic structure of the shell and insulation of the control cores;

4 - an insulating cord of polymer material;

5 - copper or aluminum wires of heating cores;

6 - insulation of wires of heating cores;

7 - insulation of heating cores;

8 - steel galvanized wire armor;

9 - outer shell.

In the cable shown in FIG. 2, the test cores 1, each of which consists of one copper wire, are enclosed in a monolithic structure 2-3, which is the insulation and the sheath of the control cores. The control cores 1, enclosed in a monolithic structure 2-3, are located around the insulating corridor 4. Temperature sensors are connected to the control cores at different cable lengths. Heating cores 5 are superimposed on a monolithic structure 2-3 by the method of twisting, which are separated by a polymer cordele 4. Each wire of the heating cores is placed in the insulation 6 of a polymer material. An insulating sheath is imposed on the heating cores 7. As a reservation, one coil of steel galvanized wires is imposed on the insulation 8. Steel galvanized wires 8 are imposed with a gap. On the steel wire 8, the outer shell 9 of polymer is applied.

At one end of the cable, the heating cores are electrically connected to each other and the outer sheath is fused to prevent contact of the cores with the external environment. A metal tip filled with epoxy glue is put on the fused end. This tip is crimped onto the cable for better sealing.

The sequence of operations in the manufacture of the proposed cable is as follows:

- drawing control and heating cores on a drawing machine;

- isolation of control cores by extrusion on an extrusion line;

- production of cordels by extrusion on an extrusion line;

- twisting control isolated conductors and connecting temperature sensors on a twisting machine;

- the imposition of an intermediate shell on twisted control cores by extrusion on an extrusion line;

- Insulation of heating wire wires on a winding machine and extrusion line;

- application of a midwire to the sheath of control wires of aluminum or copper insulated wires on a twisting machine with a dividing cordelet;

- application of insulation by extrusion on an extrusion line;

- Laying of coils of galvanized steel wires on a twisting machine;

- the imposition of the outer shell by extrusion on an extrusion line;

- termination of the cable end and crimping with a metal tip.

The proposed cable has a number of advantages compared with known designs, namely:

- insulation of each individual wire of the control and heating cores increases the reliability of the cable during operation, since possible violations of the integrity of the outer and intermediate shells do not lead to earth faults, as additional barriers to leakage currents appear;

- in addition, the winding of a fluoroplastic or polyimide-fluoroplastic film or coating the enamel with varnish of heating wires increases the durability of the cable, since these materials have high temperature resistance (4F fluoroplastic film - 260 ° C, polyimide-fluoroplastic film 200-220 ° C, enamel varnish - 150-220 ° C), while polymers have a lower temperature for long-term operation.

Claims (8)

1. A heating cable, including control cores with temperature sensors, the control cores made of copper wires, on top of which an intermediate sheath is applied, then with a single coil heating cores made of aluminum or copper wires, which are electrically separated by a cordele and placed in the insulation of the heating cores , on top of which the armor and the outer sheath are superimposed, characterized in that the control cores are single-wire and twisted into a core around the cordel, when as each individual The control and heating cores are insulated with polymer material. 2. The heating cable according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains two heating cores. 3. The heating cable according to claim 2, characterized in that it contains three heating cores. 4. The heating cable according to claim 3, characterized in that the intermediate and outer shells are made of polymer material. 5. The heating cable according to claim 4, characterized in that the insulation and the sheath of the control cores can be made simultaneously in one technological cycle and represent a monolithic structure. 6. The heating cable according to claim 4, characterized in that part of the wires of the heating cores can be replaced with steel insulated wires. 7. The heating cable according to claim 6, characterized in that each individual wire of the heating cores is additionally wrapped with a fluoroplastic or polyamide-fluoroplastic film and coated with a polymer material on top of the winding. 8. The heating cable according to claim 6, characterized in that each individual wire of the heating cores is additionally coated with heat-resistant varnish and coated with a polymer material on top.