RU80286U1 - PELLIER ELEMENT CONTROLLED DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

In general: the present invention is a device with at least one Peltier-controlled element, and in particular: a device with Peltier-controlled elements for use in the field of medicine.

A device with at least one Peltier-controlled element that contains the following components in the outer casing: fan; an air distribution box, which is connected on one side with a fan and on the other with at least one Peltier element; main working plate, which is associated with at least one Peltier element and control electronics. The control electronics is designed in such a way that at least one Peltier element can be operated either in cooling mode or in heating mode. Moreover, in the cooling mode, that side of at least one Peltier element that faces the main working plate is cooled, and in the heating mode, that side of at least one Peltier element that faces the main work plate is heated.

Description

The utility model relates to devices for creating and maintaining a given temperature in a closed volume based on the Peltier effect and can be used in various fields of technology using materials that quickly change physical properties when the temperature regime changes, in particular in the field of medicine, for example, when prosthetics in dental clinics.

It is known that in many areas of technology, and in particular in dentistry, there is a need to maintain the temperature of the material used at the required level. So, when cementing bridges, crowns, inlay, etc. The cement used hardens too quickly.

Modern grades of cement are characterized by quick setting, therefore, before processing, they are stored in a refrigerated space (for example, in a refrigerator). When mixing cement and giving it the desired shape, cement removed from the chilled space at ambient temperature quickly sets. It has been established that the cement processing time is inversely proportional to the ambient temperature, and the higher the ambient temperature, the faster the cement hardens.

So, if the room temperature is above 20 ° C, it is usually 22-24 ° C, and on hot summer days it can reach 26-28 ° C, the period of time available for mixing dental cement and its use, depending on grades of cement, reduced by 2-5 times compared with the time period for cement, cooled to a temperature of 12 ° C.

Such a reduction in time creates a problem for the attending dentist and can lead to defects such as an increase in talis or an increase in occlusion. Cementation is not possible if the cement has started to set prematurely. In such a situation, the dentist must repeat the kneading, introduce new cement after re-conducting the appropriate preparatory work.

The technology today provides for the storage of dental cement on a glass or aluminum tile in the refrigerator. Such glass or aluminum tiles after they move from the refrigerated space to a room with a higher temperature after about 3 minutes, are heated to a temperature equal to 2/3 of the temperature of this room.

To date, a device for kneading substances of dental use is known, the setting of which depends on temperature (invention DE-A-196 11 143). The specified device is equipped with one Peltier element, has one surface for kneading, and the temperature is controlled by pulsating modulation of the operating voltage of the Peltier element.

Such control, however, acts with great inertia and the execution of the control system in this device does not allow for quick adjustment of the temperature of the kneading surface, it is inaccurate, and the cooling capacity in this device is insufficient for many applications.

Another disadvantage of this device is the lack of heating, which is required in a number of applications. So, for example, heating the capsules from the composite to increase conversion provides a reduction in processing time by 50% and a decrease in bobbin by 30%. Heating is also necessary to soften the dental wax and keep it in a softened state.

Typically, a separate heat supply device or heater is used in these processes for heating. Dental wax, for example, is immersed in a container filled with water and is heated and softened there.

The prototype of the present invention is the device according to the above patent DE-A-196 11 143.

The objective of the present invention is to develop a device for creating and maintaining a given temperature, which can provide both cooling and heating of its main working surface with at least one or more Peltier-controlled elements, quick regulation and control of the temperature of the working surface, regardless operation of the device in heating or cooling mode, and the ability to simply and reliably configure, if necessary, the required temperature mode of the device with We take it in a certain time interval.

To solve this problem, it is proposed as a utility model a device with Peltier-controlled elements containing an outer casing 1, the lower part 1B of which is equipped with a fan 3 with an opening 7 for air intake and a casing 1 attached to the bottom 2, while an air distribution is installed above the fan 3 box 5 having an opening 4 for air inlet, an opening 6 for exhausting air, mounted in an air distribution box 5, a radiator 5A, on the upper surface of which at least one Peltier-element is installed nt 10. connected to the control electronics (15, 16, 17), the main working plate 12, with which the thermal storage 11 is integrated, the fixing frame 13, the main working plate 12 covered and installed in the opening 1A of the upper part of the outer case 1, the temperature sensor 14 for recording the actual temperature at the main working plate and a device 18 for entering the desired temperature.

The invention is illustrated in Fig. 1-10.

In Fig. 1 in an isometric view shows the proposed device with the allocation of its main components.

In Fig. 2, an isometric view shows a general view of the device in an assembled form with a partially removed outer casing.

Figure 3 is an isometric view of the assembled device.

Figure 3A shows the back of the device assembled.

Figure 4 shows one embodiment of a device with two Peltier elements. For clarity, the individual structural elements of the device are shown separately.

Figure 5 shows one embodiment of a device having more than two Peltier elements. For clarity, the main structural elements are shown separately.

Figure 6 shows another version of the device with one single Peltier element. For clarity, the main structural elements are shown separately.

In Fig. 7, a device with Peltier-controlled elements is shown in an assembled isometric view with an insertable intermediate plate into which glass or aluminum tiles can be inserted to work with recyclable material, for example, dental cement.

Fig. 8 shows an isometric view of a device with assembled Peltier elements with an inserted intermediate plate into which glass or aluminum plates with recyclable material can be placed. Separately, the figure shows glass or aluminum tiles.

Figure 9 shows an isometric view of a version of the device with Peltier-controlled elements assembled with a removable auxiliary plate on which containers for mixing various substances can be placed. The containers themselves are also shown.

Figure 10 shows an isometric view of the image of the device of the present invention with Peltier-controlled elements assembled with a removable auxiliary plate, on which containers for mixing various substances are placed. The figure also shows these containers themselves.

Figure 11 shows an isometric view of a device with Peltier-controlled elements assembled and with a cap.

Fig. 12 shows a block diagram of the principle of operation of a device with Peltier-controlled elements, shown in Fig. 1-11

As shown in Figures 1-6, the device with Peltier-controlled elements in accordance with the present invention consists of an outer casing 1, which has an upper part 1A and a lower part 1B. The outer casing 1 in its lower part 1B is equipped with a fan 3 fixed to the bottom of the casing 2. The casing 1 has mounting legs 1C, which form a gap for air circulation between the bottom 2 and the base of the device.

Above the fan 3, an air distribution box 5 is installed, in the lower part of which there is an opening for air inlet 4. The air distribution box 5 is surrounded by a radiator 5A. The air distribution box 5 and the radiator 5A are shown in fig. 1 separately. In practice, these two structural elements are integrally interconnected or can be attached to each other using the corresponding structural elements (position 5D in the figures).

The air distribution duct 5 has an opening 6 for discharging air toward the frontal wall of the outer casing 1. Thus, an air flow path is formed from the air inlet 4 through the air distribution duct 5 to the air outlet 6. Any extra holes

the air distribution box 5 with the radiator 5A mounted in it does not. The radiator 5A has longitudinal ribs 8, which are preferably for the present utility model along the entire length of the radiator 5A. To accelerate the passage of air flow, the air distribution box 5 has a section 5B with a slight tilt towards the opening 6 for the release of air. The acceleration and unhindered passage of the air flow is preferred to ensure the efficiency of the proposed device.

The fan 3 is used to intake air through the air intake 7, which is located in the bottom 2 of the outer casing 1. Air is introduced into the hole 4 and through the air distribution box 5 along the fins of the radiator 8 and is directed to the opening 6 for exhausting air and is blown out through the outlets (slots) 9, which are located on both sides of the outer casing 1. As shown in Fig. 1, the air distribution box 5 does not fit snugly on the upper part 1A of the outer casing 1. This allows part of the air flow to be directed to the power supply 15 to cool it. This design solution is an important property of the device for the smooth operation of the proposed utility model. The air intake, air outlet, air inlet and opening for its release may, if necessary, be equipped with grilles.

According to this utility model, the proposed device can be equipped with two Peltier-controlled elements 10 (Fig. 4). This design allows the user of the device to heat or cool a large surface area of the main working plate. Other constructive solutions are possible - equipping the device with only one Peltier element 10 '(Fig. 6) or equipping it with more than two Peltier elements 10 ", namely with five elements (Fig. 5). Selecting the required number of Peltier elements

it is carried out depending on the power of an individual Peltier element, on the dimensions of a cooled or heated surface, on the required final temperature, on the required rate of change of temperature, etc.

The Peltier elements 10 are mounted on the upward-facing surface of the radiator 5A and are connected electrically to the electronic circuit 24. This circuit is attached to the air distribution box 5 by means of bolts 25. The upward-directed surfaces of the Peltier elements 10 are connected to a thermal storage device 11, which is integrally connected to the main plate 12 , which is the working surface of this device. Radiator 5A, thermal storage 11 and base plate 12 may be made of aluminum. The air distribution box 5 may be made of plastic. The fixation of the Peltier elements 10 in the proposed device is preferably carried out by clamps, for example, screw clamps. This fixing method provides free access to the Peltier elements 10 and their good thermal connection with the drive 11 and the radiator 5A of the air distribution box 5. However, it is possible to use other collapsible or non-collapsible mounting options.

In the intermediate space formed between the radiator 5A and the main plate 12, a sealing element 22, 23 is inserted. It consists of polyurethane foam and a material such as "Melaflex" and creates a thermal "partition". The thickness of the sealing element as a whole is approximately 20 mm, and the thickness of the layer of soft material "Melaflex" is approximately 5 mm. The lower part of the sealing element 22 has openings or cutouts, the location of which is consistent with the location of the Peltier elements. Thus, direct contact of the Peltier elements with the thermal storage device 11 on the one hand and with the radiator 5A on the other is ensured.

Thermal storage 11 in cross section is preferably narrowed at the edges (Fig. 1-6). Such a transverse shape of the storage device 11 provides a good thermal connection and a favorable distribution of cold or heat from the Peltier element 10 to the main plate 12.

The upper part 1A of the outer casing 1 has an opening for the fixing frame 13. An intermediate plate 28 can be inserted into this frame. A removable auxiliary plate 28 'can also be mounted on top of the fixing frame 13 (Fig. 7-10). The use of the intermediate plate 28 is provided only in the cooling mode, while the removable auxiliary plate 28 'is intended for use in both cooling and heating mode.

It is preferable to make a plastic intermediate plate 28 with shaped openings 13 ". Glass or aluminum tiles 29 with processed material, such as dental cement, can be inserted into these openings. The design of the device, shown in Figs. 7 and 8, provides for the possibility of one aluminum or glass the tile must have dental cement, and on the other, prepare for prosthetics. 13 "shaped openings, as well as an intermediate plate 28 may have an additional cut-out 13 'which facilitate installation or removal of the glass or aluminum plitochok 29 and the intermediate plate 28.

The embodiment of the invention with a removable auxiliary plate 28 ', shown in Figs. 9 and 10, is mainly intended for use in the field of medicine and cosmetics. Cooled containers 29 'can also be used to knead glue to stabilize bones, which is subsequently intended to be injected into the spine.

The removable auxiliary plate 28 'can also be used in cosmetics for mixing any fresh substances. There are a large number of other possible applications of the proposed device, and especially where a rapidly heated and / or cooled main plate and a relatively compact device are required. One of the possible applications of the device is urology. The device can serve to prepare a special adhesive that fixes the kidneys. Another possible area of application of the device is for a specialist in diseases of the ear, nose or throat.

It is known that the capsules of the composite to improve the conversion and reduce tumbling should be heated. In the proposed device, such heating is preferably carried out using a removable auxiliary plate 28 'and the cap 21.

To measure and record the temperature of the Peltier element in the proposed utility model, at least one sensor 14 is provided, which senses the temperature of the Peltier element. Peltier elements at the working surface and at the main plate 12. Practice has shown that it is preferable to use the sensor 14 in the form of a digital temperature sensor. However, the use of sensors of other types is not ruled out.

The currently preferred embodiment of the device with two Peltier elements 10 involves installing a sensor 14 between the Peltier elements 10 on the main plate 12. This makes it possible to accurately record the temperature of the main plate 12 and, therefore, the auxiliary plate 28 '.

One important embodiment of the invention is a device with a cap 21 (Fig. 11). The cap 21 must have heat insulating properties. The cap 21, on the one hand, maintains the thermal state of the product or substance for more

for a longer period of time and with less energy loss, on the other hand, it can serve as a filter to protect a substance, such as plastic, from exposure to light and / or ultraviolet rays.

The effectiveness of high-speed regulation and control of the temperature of the surface of the main working plate, the accuracy of adjustment and regulation of the required temperature regime is ensured in the proposed device by the control electronics, the principle of which is illustrated by the electronic circuit (see the block diagram in Fig. 12). The control electronics 24 can be represented as an electronic circuit, the installation location of which is shown in Fig. 1. Perhaps, however, its placement elsewhere.

The control electronics 24 includes a power supply unit 15, which generates one or several constant voltages from an alternating voltage (for example, 220 V), and the individual components of the control electronics and the electronic polarity reversal unit 16 are fed with this constant voltage (s) or voltage ( fig. 12). The electronic reversal node 16 supplies the Peltier elements 10 with a constant voltage.

The property of Peltier elements is used by this utility model, depending on the polarity of the control voltage, to generate different temperatures on opposite surfaces of these elements. The tellurium-bismuth-Peltier crystals between the two ceramic tiles operate in the “heat pump” mode, where heat from one surface (ie, from the first ceramic tile) is transferred to another surface (ie to another ceramic tile). Thus, “cold” and “warm” surfaces are formed. When the control voltage is reversed, heat is transferred in the opposite direction, i.e. the “cold” surface heats up and the “warm” surface cools. Depending on the type of Peltier element achieved

rapid temperature changes in the range from about +5 to + 55 ° C, while the possibility of achieving a temperature change in other ranges is not ruled out.

The reverse polarity electronic node 16 is controlled by the controller 17. As an input parameter, the controller 17 receives a digital or digitized output signal from the temperature sensor 14. The digital or digitized output signal from the temperature sensor 14 is supplied to the controller 17 preferably at regular intervals .

The controller 17 is equipped with a data input device 18 from the temperature sensor 14, an indicator 19 and, as an option, an interface 20.

Via the input device 18, the desired temperature is entered. The temperature is entered either directly in digital terms or in increments by means of a special periodic action switch (position 27 in Fig. 1). The value of the required temperature is displayed on the indicator 19. The indicator 19 can also be equipped with additional visual and / or acoustic means that indicate that the device has reached the required temperature. You can also provide an indication of the actual temperature. The device embodiment shown in Fig. 1 provides for the implementation of this indicator in the form of a flat matrix display 26.

The controller 17 of the device can perform the function of a timer. Such a timer allows, after reaching the required temperature, to keep this temperature at a constant level for such a period of time as prescribed by manufacturers of materials processed at a certain temperature. The timer can also be set via input device 18.

All input operations can alternatively be carried out through the interface. This interface, for example, can be executed using serial or parallel interface technology, using USB, Bluetooth, WLAN and so on. The interface, as well as the power cable and the device switch, are located on the back of the device (Fig. 3A). This figure schematically shows the opening for the interface (position 30) and the opening for the switch (position 30 '). Also shown in Fig. 3A, the legs 1C are covered with removable caps 1C 'from plastic or rubber.

Data entry is preferably carried out with text prompts (menus) in different languages.

An important advantage of this utility model is the control of Peltier elements using electronics, which is carried out as follows.

Through the input device 18, the user enters the desired temperature. The controller 17 then directly compares the digital or digitized, desired temperature with that digital or digitized temperature that comes from the temperature sensor 14. Depending on the result of this comparison, the controller controls the electronic polarity reversal 16 to make the Peltier cells work or in heating mode, or in cooling mode. As already stated above, the corresponding mode describes the state of the side of the Peltier elements 10 that is facing the main plate 12, and that side of the Peltier elements that is not facing the main plate 12 is in the opposite state. The fan 3, thermal storage 11 and radiator 5A with fins 8 are designed to remove heat or cold from the side of the Peltier elements 10 that are not facing the main plate 12 as quickly as possible.

The control of the electronic node reversal 16 is carried out in the so-called active mode. In this mode, if the required temperature deviates from the actual temperature, the Peltier element polarity is switched to eliminate the existing temperature difference.

After each temperature scan by the sensor 14, the controller 17 "makes a decision" about the (required) polarity of the electronic polarity reversal assembly 16 and thus determines the final mode of operation of the Peltier elements. Scanning can be done with a constant or variable beat. The response speed of the control naturally increases with increasing clock frequency.

It is also possible to use a passive control mode. In such a mode, for example, in the event of a deviation of the required temperature from the actual temperature, the control voltage of the Peltier elements is simply turned off. Further, the following result of temperature scanning by the temperature sensor 14 is expected.

If the difference between the required and the actual temperature is reduced, then the disconnected state of the control voltage is saved. This modus continues to operate, while the difference between the required and the actual temperature after the next scan of the temperature by means of the temperature sensor 14 compared with the previous scan continues to decrease. As soon as the difference between the required and the actual temperature increases after the next scan, it switches to the active control mode.

Thus, the proposed device can be controlled either in the active mode or in the combined active / passive mode. The response speed of the control, of course, is higher in the active mode. However, it is possible to increase the response speed of controlling the device by increasing the clock frequency of the temperature sensor scan 14.

In addition to the control voltage, it is advisable to constantly bring a slight basic voltage to the Peltier elements. The constant presence of such an insignificant base voltage will increase the life of the Peltier elements.

The proposed utility model is shown and described in preferred embodiments. However, the possibility of modifying its design within the scope of the rights set forth in the utility model formula is not ruled out.

The functional purpose of the device to maintain a given temperature in a closed volume based on the Peltier effect and the ability to maintain the temperature in the required time interval allows the device to be widely used not only in medicine but also in various fields of technology where they deal with materials that quickly change their physical properties when changing the temperature regime.

The compact placement of the main elements in the device proposed as a utility model (its dimensions is 329/127/252 mm and weight 4.5 kg) allows the user to easily transport and carry the device.

Claims (11)

1. A device with Peltier-controlled elements, comprising an outer casing (1), the lower part (1B) of which is equipped with a fan (3) with an opening (7) for air intake and the casing (1) attached to the bottom (2), while with a fan (3) an air distribution box (5) is installed, having an opening (4) for air inlet, an opening (6) for air discharge, a radiator (5A) mounted in the air distribution box (5), at least one of which is installed on its upper surface Peltier element (10) connected to the control electronics (15, 16, 17), basically an active working plate (12) with which a thermal storage device (11) is integrated, a fixing frame (13), a main working plate (12), and installed in the opening (1A) of the upper part of the outer case (1), a temperature sensor (14) for recording the actual temperature at the main working plate and a device (18) for entering the desired temperature. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains two Peltier elements (10), between which a temperature sensor (14) is installed on the main working plate (12). 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the air distribution box (5) mainly in the form of a “box” in the bottom has an opening (4) for air inlet, arranged in accordance with the location of the fan (3), an opening (6) for air outlet towards the frontal wall of the outer casing (1), a section (5B) made with a slight slope to accelerate the air flow towards the opening (6) to release air, and a radiator (5A) with longitudinal fins (8), while the outer the housing (1) of the device is provided with an opening (7) for the intake and at least one outlet For air (9), arranged in accordance with the location of the hole (4) for air inlet and the opening (6) for air discharge with the formation of the trajectory of the air flow from the hole (7) for air intake through the fan (3), the hole (4) for intake air, along the edges of the radiator (8), through a section with an inclination (5B) to at least one air outlet (9). 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the present at least one Peltier element (10) is connected to a thermal storage device (11), which in cross section is preferably narrowed at the edges and integrally connected to the main plate (12), which is the working surface of the device, with at least one Peltier element (10) present being pressed between the thermal storage device (11) and the radiator (5A) connected to it, the connection between the thermal storage device (11) and the radiator (5A) and a radiator (5A), thermal storage l (11) and the main working plate (12) are made of aluminum. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixing frame (13) in the upper part (1A) of the outer casing (1), wrapping the main working plate (12), is configured to insert an intermediate plate (28) having shaped openings (13``) in which glass or aluminum tiles with dental cement can be placed. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixing frame (13), encircling the main working plate (12), is configured to install on it a removable auxiliary plate (28 '), which serves to carry out various works as in cooling mode, and in heating mode. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device (18) for entering the temperature has a keyboard for entering the desired temperature, and in this case, the temperature is entered either directly as a numerical value, or in the form of increments by means of a periodic action switch, and entered the value of the required temperature is displayed on the indicator (19), and the indicator (19, 26) is equipped with visual or acoustic means that signal the achievement of the required temperature at the main working plate (12). 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that there is a cap (21) mounted above the main working plate (12) that has heat-insulating and radiation-shielding properties. 9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the design of the control electronics (15, 16, 17) allows you to power at least one Peltier element (10) with constant voltage with the possibility of reversing this voltage to reduce the difference between the actual and the required. 10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that the control electronics (15, 16, 17) contains a power supply (15), an electronic polarity reversal unit (16) and a controller (17) that determines the difference between the required and the actual temperature value and depending on the result, it controls the polarity of the direct voltage supplied from the electronic polarity reversal unit (16) to at least one Peltier element (10). 11. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the actual and desired temperature in the control electronics (15, 16, 17), in the temperature input device (18) and the temperature sensor (14) is provided in the form of digital values.