RU79446U1 - VORTEX CONCENTRATOR - Google Patents

Abstract

A vortex concentrator refers to heat exchangers for gas-liquid systems and can be used in the field of chemical industry for concentrating solutions of various chemical compounds, including for concentrating dilute sulfuric acid. The vortex concentrator contains columns with contact steps, a cover with a steam-gas mixture outlet pipe, a bottom with a flue gas inlet device made in the form of a glass installed in the bottom tank, a gas-vapor phase inlet pipe, and a spent sulfuric acid outlet pipe. The bottom further comprises a lining made of acid-resistant brick, thermo-acid-resistant tiles, asbestos and acid-resistant concrete, a tsar and a thrust ring, which serves as a support for the glass, tsar and columns. An inclined channel is laid out in the lining for supplying flue gases, passing into a horizontal channel of rectangular cross section, located tangentially relative to the glass.

Description

The utility model relates to heat exchangers for gas-liquid systems and can be used in the chemical industry for concentration of solutions of various chemical compounds, including for the concentration of dilute sulfuric acid.

A device for concentrating sulfuric acid is described in the book "Installations for denitration and concentration of sulfuric acid," ed. Lebedev A.Ya., ed. Chemistry, Moscow, 1972, pp. 143-146.

Concentrated sulfuric acid takes place in a plant using columns in which concentrated diluted sulfuric acid is produced under vacuum.

The disadvantage of this device is the cracking of ferrosilide collets during operation of the column, the violation of the seals between the collets, the use of high-pressure water vapor, which requires the construction of expensive equipment (for example, a boiler room), relatively low productivity.

Closest to the claimed technical solution and used as a prototype is the "Column of concentration and denitration of acids" according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2045322 C1, cl. 6 B01D 3/32, 1995 ed. Halitov R.A., Mahotkin A.F., Gazizov F.M., Ivanov G.A., Martynov S.N. Patent holder (s) Halitov Rafkat Abdrakhmanovich.

The column is a heat exchanger for gas-liquid systems, containing contact steps mounted one above the other in the column body, a cover with a steam-gas mixture outlet pipe, a bottom in which a glass is installed with a gap to it. An annular partition between the glass and the bottom body divides its capacity into upper and lower zones. The glass is equipped with a tangential pipe for introducing a gas-vapor mixture into it, installed in the lower zone. In the upper zone of the bottom of the tank above the septum, a waste acid outlet pipe is installed. In addition, the outlet pipe of the spent acid from the first above the bottom of the contact stage is in communication with the lower zone of the tank. This allows the interaction process to be carried out at a high rate of updating the contact surface, completely eliminating the breakthrough of the acid being treated without contacting, ensuring complete stripping while increasing productivity.

The disadvantages of this column is that the column does not provide complete stripping of sulfuric acid due to insufficiently high turbulization of the gas stream at the beginning of the supply of flue gases to the column,

which leads to inefficient separation of sulfuric acid in the field of centrifugal forces.

The objective of the proposed utility model is to create a vortex column for the concentration of sulfuric acid, which has high productivity and intense heat and mass transfer, by creating the maximum turbulent gas flow at the beginning of the gas supply to the bottom, which makes the process environmentally less dangerous.

The problem is solved as follows.

In a vortex concentrator, consisting of a column with contact steps mounted one above the other, a cover with a steam-gas mixture outlet pipe, a bottom with a device for introducing flue gas made in the form of a glass installed in the bottom tank, a pipe for introducing a gas-vapor mixture, a pipe for output of spent sulfuric acid, the bottom additionally contains a lining made of acid-resistant brick, thermo-acid-resistant tiles, asbestos and acid-resistant concrete, a tsar and a thrust ring serving as a support for a glass, tsar pipes and columns, in addition, in the lining for the supply of flue gases there is an inclined channel laid out, turning into a horizontal channel of rectangular cross section, located tangentially relative to the glass.

The advantage of the proposed concentrator is that the complex direction of the flue gases at the beginning of their supply to the bottom provides maximum turbulization of the flue gases, provides

the completeness of distillation with increased concentrator productivity provides increased purification of exhaust gases, which makes the process environmentally friendly.

Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of the hub in front, figure 2 is a side view, figure 3 is a transverse section aa in figure 1.

The concentrator consists of a column 1 with a set of contact stages 2, a pipe 3 for introducing the processed sulfuric acid, a pipe 4 for discharging the treated sulfuric acid, a cover 5 with a pipe 6 for discharging a vapor-gas mixture.

The first stage of the concentrator, consisting of a bottom and three lower legs, is a separation zone. The second, third, fourth, fifth steps are workers, in which the concentration of sulfuric acid is carried out. The sixth, seventh steps are for absorption, the eighth step is for catching a spray of sulfuric acid. The second, third, fourth, fifth stages, two absorption and spray catches are made the same and consist of lower and upper legs mounted on each other, on which contact devices are located, consisting of a contact pipe 7, in the lower part of which there are slots for liquid passage, swirler 8, which is a blind cylinder having tangentially located blades.

The bottom 9 is a steel welded structure on which a nozzle 10 for introducing flue gases and a nozzle 11 for introducing acid from the second working stage of the concentrator are installed, as well as for

emergency drain of acid from the hub. Inside the bottom 9, a lining 12 is installed, made of acid-resistant brick, thermo-acid-resistant tiles, asbestos and acid-resistant concrete, a steel cup 13, drawer 14 and a thrust ring 15. For supplying flue gases to the vortex concentrator in the lining 12, an inclined channel 16 is laid out, turning into a horizontal channel 17 of rectangular cross section, located tangentially relative to the glass. On the thrust ring 15, all parts of the hub are installed, namely, the glass 13, the drawer 14 and the column of the hub 1.

The operation of the concentrator is based on the direct-flow interaction of the gas and liquid phases during vortex motion in the contact zone inside the stage. In the apparatus, as a whole, the principle of countercurrent movement of flows of gas and liquid phases is maintained.

The column works as follows.

The flue gases from the furnace enter the bottom 9, first through the inclined channel 16, then through the horizontal channel 17. In the channels, the gas and liquid phases interact in the contact zone while maintaining the countercurrent movement of the acid flow along the channel tsars.

The injected gas enters the gap between the blades of the swirler and acquires a rotational motion.

Weak sulfuric acid through pipe 3 is fed into the lower half of the fifth working stage of the concentrator, and gradually overflowing from one stage to another, the acid fills the half of the concentrator and flows to the lower

part of the concentrator, while its concentration occurs. From the second stage, the acid enters the horizontal part of the flue gas channel 17, is picked up by a gas stream at a certain temperature, spins up and rises in the form of a highly turbulent layer of liquid, jets, sprays, through a tangential channel it enters the bottom of the vortex concentrator, into the separation zone, i.e. first step. Separated sulfuric acid with a concentration of at least 90% flows through pipe 4 from the separation zone through the acid line into the refrigerator. The gas stream, contacting the steps with acid, gives off its heat, is freed from splashes of acid in chippers, is saturated with water vapor and, with the contents of acid components within sanitary standards, is discharged through the spray trap and gas exhaust pipe into the atmosphere.

Due to the entrainment of a certain amount of sulfuric acid from step to step, a distribution of the concentration of sulfuric acid in the steps is carried out, in which the supersaturation of sulfuric acid vapor in the steps does not reach a critical value, while the conditions for the formation of a fog of sulfuric acid and sulfur dioxide are excluded.

The design of the bottom 9 and the channel for supplying flue gases in the form of an inclined channel 16, turning into a horizontal channel 17 of rectangular cross section, located tangentially relative to the glass 13, provides increased turbulence of the flue gases at the beginning

feeding them to the bottom, which increases the performance of the column, makes the process less environmentally hazardous.

Claims (1)

Vortex concentrator, consisting of a column with contact steps, a cover with a steam-gas mixture outlet pipe, a bottom with a flue gas inlet device made in the form of a glass installed in the bottom tank, a gas-vapor phase inlet pipe, a spent sulfuric acid outlet pipe, characterized in that the bottom additionally contains a lining made of acid-resistant brick, thermo-acid-resistant tiles, asbestos and acid-resistant concrete, a tsar and a thrust ring serving as a support for a glass, tsar and column, in addition, The lining for the supply of flue gases has an inclined channel laid out, turning into a horizontal channel of rectangular cross section, located tangentially relative to the glass.