RU77436U1 - STAND FOR TESTING MULTILAYER PANELS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of studying the strength properties of solid materials by applying mechanical forces to them (tensile and compressive static loads), more specifically, for static testing of multilayer panels based on folded honeycomb structures to determine the tensile strengths in compression, bending, separation of the skin, shear and peeling. The purpose of the claimed utility model is the development of a universal stand with two working areas (stretching and compression). The stand includes a base 1, in which a drive is placed, comprising an electric motor 2 with two output shafts, rings 3; two couplings 4, two worm-screw jacks 5 and an angular displacement sensor 6, columns 7, screws 8 with fasteners, movable yoke 9, upper (immovable) yoke 10, nuts 11, force sensor 12, force sensor 13 with output axis 14 , guides 15, brackets with limit switches 16, control unit 17.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of studying the strength properties of solid materials by applying mechanical forces to them (tensile and compressive static loads), more specifically, for static testing of multilayer panels based on folded honeycomb structures to determine the tensile strengths in compression, bending, separation of the skin, shear and peeling.

A well-known machine with a mechanical drive type R-5 ("Testing technique" edited by VV Klyuyev. Moscow. Engineering, 1982, p. 528) / 1 /, designed to test samples of metals in tension, compression and bending . The machine includes an electromechanical drive for active gripping and a lever-pendulum force meter. The power circuit of the machine is single-zone. The electric motor through the worm gear and gears rotates the spindles, moving the movable yoke with an active grip. The reaction of the test sample, clamped in the grips, is transmitted through a system of levers to the pendulum, which deviates by a certain angle proportional to the load. At the same time as the pendulum, the working arrow of the load scale deviates.

The machine has the following disadvantages:

1. The complexity of the design of the lever-pendulum load meter;

2. The presence of one loading zone requires readjustment of the machine from one type of test to another, which is inconvenient in servicing the machine;

3. The lack of an electrical output of the load signal does not allow to automate the test process and does not allow to control the machine using the test program, as well as issue protocols

tests with calculation of the basic mechanical characteristics of materials.

Closest to the proposed is the universal testing machine UMM-5 (Consolidated catalog of products of the Armavir Testing Machines Plant "Testing Machines. Moscow, 1966, p. 27) / 2 /. The machine is designed for static testing of metal and other samples for tensile, compression, bending and tight bending. The machine is two-column, single-zone, vertical, with mechanical movement of the movable yoke of the lower grip with a single screw and pendulum force measurement.

The kinematically universal machine is a rigid frame made up of a base and a beam, connected by two columns, which are simultaneously guides for the movable beam. A gear box for loading a drive with an electric motor is attached to the base of the frame; to one of the columns is a load meter housing, in which a load scale and a diagram device are mounted. The electric motor is controlled by control buttons and a drum switch mounted on the body of the load meter.

The disadvantages of the closest analogue are:

1. Universal machine UMM-5 - single-zone. When switching from one type of test to another, you have to re-tune the machine (remove the grips, install other devices, etc., which takes a lot of time and reduces the performance of the machine);

2. The complexity of the pendulum force measurement and its bulkiness, taking readings only from the scale of the load meter or from the diagram apparatus, the lack of output of the electrical signal of the load excludes the possibility of automating the test process, which ultimately reduces the accuracy of maintaining the load;

3. A complex and bulky gearbox (the presence of 6 speeds of movement of the lower grip from the electric motor), which does not allow automatically

adjust the loading speed during the test, which affects the accuracy of maintaining a given loading speed.

The purpose of the claimed utility model is the development of a universal stand with two working areas (stretching and compression).

This goal is achieved due to the fact that in the stand, consisting of a base, in which the drive is placed, containing an electric motor with two output shafts, two columns, rigidly fixed to the base, two worm-screw jacks connected by couplings with an electric motor, a movable beam with fixed screws on it introduced the upper fixed cross-beam, rigidly fixed to the columns, force sensors, one of which is mounted on the upper fixed cross-beam, and the other - on the movable cross-beam from the bottom in the center of the machine, jack on the right rotary encoder, guides for preventing rotation devices, brackets with limit switches installed above and below the movable crosshead, and a control unit.

The proposed utility model is presented in figures 1, 2, 3 and 4.

The test bench for multilayer panels is an electromechanical device with two loading zones.

The upper zone, the tensile zone, is designed to carry out tests for peeling the skin and peeling

The lower zone, the compression zone, is designed to perform compression, bending and shear tests.

The stand consists of a base 1, in which the drive is located, containing an electric motor 2 with two output shafts and rings 3, two worm-screw jacks 5. The electric motor 2 and worm-screw jacks are connected by couplings 4. An angular displacement sensor 6 is installed on the right jack. On the basis of 1 are rigidly fixed

columns 7. Screws 8 with fasteners mounted on a movable crosshead 9. The main elements of the stand are also the upper (fixed) crosshead 10, nuts 11, a force sensor 12, a force sensor 13 with an output axis 14, guides 15, brackets with limit switches 16, control unit 17.

The work of the stand for testing multilayer panels is as follows.

The torque from the shafts of the electric motor 2 through the couplings 4 is transmitted to the shafts of the worms and the associated worm wheels, and then to the screws 8 with the fastening elements of the jack 5. The screws 8 with the fastening elements are rigidly fixed to the movable traverse 9 and, therefore, the rotational movement of the worm wheels is converted into progressive movement of screws 8. Rings 3 are used for quick disassembly and removal of couplings. On the upper traverse 10 (fixed), a force sensor 13 is fixed with an output axis 14.

The upper zone is used as the tensile zone, and the force sensor 13 with the output axis 14 for measuring the tensile load. Using fixtures, the upper zone is used for peeling tests and peeling tests.

For compression, bending and shear tests, the lower zone is used with the aid of devices. The load is measured by a force sensor 12 mounted on a movable traverse 9 from the bottom in the center of the machine. Using screws 8 with fasteners, when transmitting torque from the drive, when moving the yoke 9 “up”, an installation stroke is made to adjust the working areas of the stand “stretching” or “compression”. The loading of the stand is carried out with the movement of the movable yoke 9 "down". The position of the movable yoke 9 is controlled by limit switches 16, mounted on brackets and mounted on the column 7, above and below the movable yoke 9.

Guides 15 are used to prevent turning devices.

Management of the stand is carried out from the control unit 17.

The angular displacement sensor 6 allows you to measure the movement and deformation of the sample, which are indicated on the digital display of the indicator of the control unit 17. The load readings from the force sensors 12 and 13 are displayed on the indicators of the control unit 17.

Thus, the presence in the claimed utility model of two loading zones with two force sensors, one of which is mounted on the upper fixed beam, and the other on the movable beam at the center of the machine from the bottom, allows testing without changing the bench from one type of test to another, which increases stand productivity.

The electrical signals of the force sensors and the sensor of angular displacements are displayed on the digital display of the indicator of the control unit connected to the computer, which makes it possible to automate the test process and the processing of test results. As a result, high accuracy of maintaining the load and a given loading speed (the speed of movement of the movable beam) is achieved.

USED SOURCES:

1. “Testing technique” edited by VV Klyuyev. Moscow. Engineering, 1982, p. 528.

2. The consolidated catalog of products of the Armavir Testing Machines Plant "Testing Machines". Moscow, 1966, p. 27.

Claims (1)

A test bench for multilayer panels designed for compression, bending, tearing, shear and peeling tests, consisting of a base in which a drive is located, containing an electric motor with two output shafts, two columns rigidly fixed to the base, two worm-screw jacks connected by couplings with an electric motor, a movable traverse with screws fixed to it, characterized in that an upper stationary traverse rigidly fixed to the columns is inserted into it, force sensors, one of which is installed on the upper fixed crosshead and the other - on the movable crosspiece in the lower center of the machine, located on the right jack rotary encoder, guides for preventing rotation devices, brackets with limit switches installed above and below the movable crosshead, and a control unit.