RU76159U1 - TRANSFORMER WITH PAIR OUTPUT WINDING - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of transformer engineering and can be used in military and industrial engineering facilities, where transformers are needed to solve the problems of power supply. The task of the model is to obtain minimal energy loss in the transformer and to ensure a constant transformation ratio in the range of the rated power. This is achieved by the counter inclusion of paired secondary windings, identical in technical characteristics. The number of paired windings should equal the number of resistive loads. When the two windings are turned on in turn, the transverse components of the currents in each winding, which appear due to the resistive load, turn out to be opposite in sign, and therefore mutually compensated. Research on transformers of the type ТН56-220-50; TH61-220-50; TAN 104-127 / 220-50, etc. fully confirm the validity of the conclusions given in the description.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to the field of transformer construction, and can be used in various electrical systems, based on which transformers (Tr) are used as converters of one AC voltage system to another, which ultimately operate on a resistive load.

Based on theoretical and experimental studies, set out in a monograph by the authors I. Ermakova and Kiseleva V.V. “The generalized theory of electric and magnetic circuits” - Kazan, 2007 - 132 C., which states that for existing classical transformers two problems should be considered:

Firstly, the current in the secondary winding, which is determined by the nature of the load, is not in antiphase with respect to the current in the primary winding. As a result, the magnetic flux created by the primary and secondary winding flows cannot be subtracted algebraically. In the secondary winding “as it were” an additional transverse component of the magnetic flux appears, associated with the deformation of the planar orbits of the motion of electrons in the turns of the windings into spatial ones. This circumstance leads to the appearance of higher harmonics in Tr, to the accumulation of losses in steel, to a violation of the constancy of the transformation coefficient.

Secondly, when considering EMF (E _c ) self-induction usually use the simplified formula

Where - winding inductance; - current in the turns of the winding.

In reality, the emf of self-induction is determined by another expression:

Where characterizes flux linkage;

- winding inductance;

- number of turns;

, - cross-sectional area and the average length of the MP;

- absolute magnetic permeability of the material MP

Since all quantities except included in the inductance are constant, and and (and for transformer steel ) are completely determined by the properties of the ferromaterial of the magnetic circuit, in order to fulfill the condition

it is necessary to choose the appropriate ferromaterial, or to limit the current transformation ratio. There are no other tuning methods here.

As for the first problem, it has already been solved.

Known linear transformer according to the patent for utility model No. 56064 dated 08/27/2006, IPC H01F 27/34, 27/38;

a positive decision to grant a Patent for an invention according to application No. 200614905/09 (047946) dated 12/12/2006, a prototype containing a classic transformer, two diode branches, each of which is formed by two diodes connected in series (matched), two capacitors, ballast resistance and active load.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is that there is a need to use additional devices that complicate the Tr scheme as a whole, and the complexity of tuning the circuits to resonance at the 2nd harmonic.

The objective of the proposed utility model is to ensure the antiphase currents in the primary and secondary windings.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the classical Tr, which has a pair of windings in the secondary circuit (by the number of resistive loads), the windings are paired in opposite directions, and the loads are connected between the same terminals of the two windings. In this case, each pair of windings should according to technical characteristics - the number of turns, inductance, etc. - be close to each other.

Figure 1 shows the electrical circuit Tr with one pair of secondary (output) windings.

It includes a transformer 1, two output windings 2 (inductance L ₂ = L ₃ = L) and load 3 (R _H ). According to the scheme (figure 1), the secondary windings are connected counterclockwise. The potentials of points a, b, and c are the same. The load (R _H ) is included between the same terminals of the windings.

The principle of operation of the circuit and the validity of the effect of the proposed utility model is as follows:

1. The total current from both windings flows through the load R _H. Therefore, the windings can be made of wire of smaller diameter, but with a large number of turns. If there is a need to increase not only the current, but also the voltage at the load R _H.

2. The counter (in pair) inclusion of the secondary windings means that counter currents having opposite transverse components in sign will flow through them. With the same technical characteristics of both windings, the transverse component of the current in one winding will compensate for the same component in the other winding.

Thus, by introducing paired windings in the secondary circuit Tr (in terms of the number of resistive loads) connected in-between, it is possible to concentrate the resulting magnetic flux generated by the secondary windings relative to the magnetic flux of the primary winding. Or otherwise, using the two counter-connected secondary windings Tr, it is possible to symmetry the resulting magnetic flux due to the current flowing through them with respect to the magnetic flux of the primary winding. As a result of this, the magnetic fluxes are in antiphase, as a result of which there will be a linear selection of electric energy from the primary to the secondary.

The conducted experimental studies on transformers of the type TN-56-220-50, TN-61-220-50, TAN 104-127 / 220-50 and others fully confirmed the validity of the conclusions given in the description.

Figure 2 presents the characteristics of the change in efficiency for Tr TN-56-220-50 in four versions. It has four output (secondary) windings, similar in technical characteristics.

Figure 2 presents:

1 winding, this means - only one winding is connected to a variable resistive load.

2 windings in the opposite direction - two out of four windings are connected in the opposite direction and a variable resistive load is connected between the same terminals of these windings. The other two windings are open.

2 windings according to - two of the four windings are connected to a variable load, the other two are open.

4 windings - two windings are connected according to, and then each pair of windings are interconnected against each other and a variable load is connected between their clamps of the same name.

From the analysis of the characteristics shown in figure 2 follows:

Firstly, in any case, when the pair windings are turned on again, there is a gain in efficiency

Secondly, the closer the transformer operates to the rated (rated) load, the greater the gain in efficiency is obtained. (to 10%).

Thirdly, the optimal value of the load (R _H ) is noted when it is equal in magnitude to the inductive resistance (ωL) of one of the counter-connected windings.

Thus, we can say that the proposed utility model carries the practical meaning of its implementation.

Claims (1)

A three-winding transformer containing a classic transformer, with one primary winding and a pair of secondary windings, corresponds to the number of resistive loads, characterized in that each pair of windings having the same technical characteristics are connected in the opposite direction and the resistive load (s) are electrically connected with their terminals to with the same clamps of paired windings.