RU75784U1 - ELECTRIC CAPACITOR WITH HIGH DIELECTRIC PERMISSIBILITY BASED ON FERROELECTRIC NANOCLUSTERS - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed utility model relates to devices for storing electric charge - electric capacitors. Due to the use of ferroelectric nanoclusters embedded in a porous dielectric matrix, a significant increase in the capacitance of the capacitor is achieved with a simultaneous decrease in the size of the device. Due to the high mobility of the nanocluster atoms in the premelting state, the dielectric matrix is filled with ferroelectric at a temperature below the melting temperature of both the ferroelectric and the dielectric matrix. The matrix has a controlled topology and pore arrangement, due to which the ferroelectric is uniformly distributed in the matrix.

Description

Field of Technology:

The utility model relates to the field of electrical devices, in particular, to devices for storing an electric charge - electric capacitors.

The prior art:

The following dielectric materials for capacitors are known:

ceramic, oxide, organic (polymer) and composite, including polymer and ceramics. The main parameters and properties of capacitors are determined by the properties and parameters of these materials. Ceramic dielectrics have a wide range of dielectric constant and operating frequencies. The dielectric constant of materials for the manufacture of high-frequency ceramic capacitors ranges from units to hundreds (RU 2293717, US 7072170, JP 2048455, WO 2006137153). The disadvantage of ceramic capacitors is the large size. The disadvantage of organic and oxide dielectrics with a small thickness is the low dielectric constant (RU 2281540, US 4708989, US 6544651). Organic dielectrics degrade over time with deterioration in dielectric properties. Composite dielectrics have low dielectric stability during mass production (RU 2084036). Capacitors with a ferroelectric as a dielectric material are devoid of all these disadvantages (SU 1829320, RU 1632254, RU 1767823). The main disadvantage of ferroelectrics is the change in dielectric constant under the influence of external factors such as temperature and pressure. The transition to nanoscale allows us to get away from these shortcomings - ferroelectrics are used that are embedded in a porous matrix, which plays the role of a stabilizer of external influences on a ferroelectric.

Disclosure of utility model:

As a rule, electric capacitors consist of two flat electrodes - capacitor plates and a dielectric layer placed between them. As dielectric materials for capacitors, ferroelectrics differ in such parameters as high dielectric constant, low leakage current, and a small loss tangent.

The main problem for the use of ferroelectrics in capacitors is the domain structure, the sensitivity to temperature changes. To reduce the dimensions of ferroelectric capacitors, sputtering of ferroelectrics in the form of thin films is used, but in this case, obtaining homogeneous films without cluster inclusions is a certain difficulty.

The solution to these problems is the transition to nanocomposites enclosed in a porous dielectric matrix, for example, glass, with controlled pore size and topology.

Nanocomposites have dimensions of the order of hundreds of nanometers, which prevents the appearance of domain and cluster structures. In addition, nanocomposites in the premelting state have high fluidity due to an increase in the mobility of atoms, which allows the matrix to be filled at a relatively low temperature, preventing the destruction of the nanocomposite upon transition to the melt. The matrix has controlled pore size and topology, which allows to achieve a uniform distribution of the dielectric in the matrix. In addition, the matrix plays the role of a stabilizer of external influences.

Description of drawings:

1 - capacitor plates, 2 - dielectric based on a nanocomposite ferroelectric embedded in a porous dielectric matrix.

Implementation of a utility model:

The proposed capacitor device is implemented as follows: for the manufacture of a dielectric placed between the capacitor plates, a ferroelectric nanocomposite based on sodium nitrite (NaNO ₂ ) embedded in a porous dielectric matrix is used. The dielectric porous matrix has controlled pore size and topology. The introduction of nanocomposite is carried out from pre

condition. A distinctive feature of nanocomposites is the high mobility of atoms in the preliminary state, which allows filling the pores of the matrix at a lower temperature, lower than the temperature of the melting material of the matrix, than when using conventional ferroelectric.

In this case, the introduced substance is stable in time, remains in the solid state and retains the crystalline structure. Ferroelectrics of the order-disorder type, for example, sodium nitrite, are used as introduced substances. The introduced substance is environmentally friendly and does not contain heavy metals.

Claims (1)

An electric capacitor consisting of two flat electrodes - capacitor plates and a dielectric layer enclosed between them, characterized in that the dielectric layer is made of material based on ferroelectric sodium nitrite (NNO ₂ ) nanoclusters enclosed in a porous dielectric matrix with controlled dimensions and topology, which allows them to be uniformly distributed throughout the matrix.