RU75221U1 - INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE CASE VENTILATION SYSTEM (OPTIONS) - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to mechanical engineering and can be used in ventilation systems for crankcase gases of internal combustion engines. The ventilation system of the crankcase of an internal combustion engine contains a pipe (1) for supplying crankcase gases, a pipe (2) for discharging crankcase gases, and the pipe (1) has a rotary square (3), in which a window is made at the junction with the crankcase (4) of the engine (5), and the pipe (2) is equipped with a tapering diffuser (6). The oil separator is made in the form of an expansion chamber (8) located in the crankcase (7) of the engine, communicating with nozzles (1) and (2), while the diameter of the expansion chamber (8) is larger than the diameter of the nozzles (1) and (2), the expansion chamber (8) through the hole (11) made in the crankcase (7) and the drain device (12) communicates with the crankcase cavity (4) of the engine. The drain device (12) is made in the form of two tubes (13) and (14) installed with a gap relative to each other, while the tube (14) is connected to the expansion chamber (8), and the tube (13) is connected to the crankcase (4 ) engine. The drain device (12) can be made in the form of a tube (18), which, on the one hand, communicates with an expansion chamber (8), and on the other hand, a flap valve (19) is installed, through which the pipe (18) communicates with the crank chamber (4 ) engine. 3 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to mechanical engineering and can be used in ventilation systems for crankcase gases of internal combustion engines.

It is known that during the operation of an internal combustion engine, gases inevitably break through from the combustion chamber into the crankcase, where the gases are mixed with oil. With an open ventilation system, crankcase gases are vented to the atmosphere and the presence of oil in them, even in the form of an aerosol, is unacceptable. Operation of such a vehicle is prohibited.

There are a large number of crankcase ventilation systems for internal combustion engines, the essence of which is mainly the separation of engine oil from gases at the minimum cleaning cost, i.e. to obtain a minimum pressure in the crankcase, as with increasing pressure cuffs and seals quickly fail, which is also not permissible.

A known ventilation system of the crankcase of an internal combustion engine comprising a supply and a discharge pipe discharge pipe and an oil separator made in the form of a cone grate (see DE patent No. 2341275, class F01M 13/04, publ. 1975).

A disadvantage of the known design is the low efficiency of separation of oil from gases, which occurs only due to the rotation of the flow on the cone lattice.

The closest to the claimed technical solution in terms of the essential features and the technical result achieved is the crankcase ventilation system of the internal combustion engine, comprising sump supply and exhaust pipes, an oil separator with a casing in the form of a pipe with an internal element forming an annular cavity with the pipe, while the internal element made of integral coaxial pipe installed with axial clearance

a longitudinal slot and bushings with a swirl device (see AS USSR No. 1407151, IPC ⁶ F01M 13/04, publ. 08.20.1996).

The known system is intended for use on naturally aspirated engines with low consumption of crankcase gases, and when used on turbocharged engines, where the consumption of crankcase gases has increased sharply, a number of disadvantages have been identified. Firstly, with an increase in gas flow, the swirl device increases the resistance to flow, and thereby the pressure of the crankcase gases sharply increases, which is unacceptable. Secondly, with an increase in crankcase gas consumption, the amount of oil entering the system increases and it is difficult to drain it back into the crankcase, because an increase in the diameter of the drain hole leads to a breakthrough of crankcase gases through it and blocking the drain.

The task was set to increase the efficiency of cleaning crankcase gases from oil and to eliminate the release of oil into the atmosphere while ensuring low pressure in the crankcase.

To solve the problem in the crankcase ventilation system of an internal combustion engine, comprising a crankcase supply pipe having a rotary elbow, an crankcase exhaust manifold, an oil separator connected to the engine crankcase through a drain device, a window is made in the rotary elbow at the junction with the crankcase of the engine, and the oil separator is made in the form of an expansion chamber located in the crankcase of the engine, communicating with the inlet and outlet pipes of the crankcase gases, while a meter of the expansion chamber is larger than the diameter of the nozzles, in addition, the crankcase exhaust pipe is equipped with a tapering diffuser, and the drain device is made in the form of two tubes installed with a gap relative to each other, with the inner and outer tubes connected respectively to the expansion chamber and the crankcase of the engine or drain the device is made in the form of a tube connected to one

the sides with the expansion chamber, and on the other, with the crankcase of the engine through the flap valve installed in the specified tube.

This set of essential features characterizing the created ventilation system of the crankcase of an internal combustion engine allows to increase the efficiency of cleaning crankcase gases from oil and to eliminate the emission of oil into the atmosphere while ensuring low pressure in the crankcase.

Analysis of known technical solutions for scientific, technical and patent documentation showed that the set of essential features of the proposed solution was not previously known, therefore, it meets the patentability condition of “novelty”.

The claimed technical solution is illustrated by the drawings:

figure 1 - ventilation system of the crankcase of an internal combustion engine, General view;

figure 2 - section aa in figure 1 according to option 1;

figure 3 - shows a drain device according to option 2.

The ventilation system of the crankcase of the internal combustion engine contains a pipe 1 for supplying crankcase gases, a pipe 2 for removing crankcase gases. The pipe 1 has a rotary angle 3, in which a window 5 is made at the junction with the crankcase cavity 4 of the engine, while the window 5 is oriented so that the minimum amount of oil enters the system together with the gases. The pipe 2 is equipped with a tapering diffuser 6.

An expansion chamber 8 is made in the crankcase 7 of the engine (for example, in the flywheel housing), communicating with nozzles 1 and 2, the diameter (D) of the expansion chamber 8 being much larger than the diameter (d) of the nozzles 1 and 2, which are at the entrance to the chamber 8 sealed with sealing elements 9 and 10, respectively. The expansion chamber 8 through the hole 11 made in the crankcase 7 and the drain device 12 is in communication with the crankcase cavity 4 of the engine.

The drain device 12 consists of tubes 13 and 14 installed in one with the annular gap “a”. The tube 14 has a smaller diameter and is installed in the hole 11. An opening 15 is made in the upper part of the tube 13, and a hole 16 is made in the lower part of the tube 14. The bottom of the tube 13 and 14 is closed by a plug 17. The annular gap "a", the overlap height of the tubes 13 and 14 "h" and the total height of the drain device "H" are selected and optimized so that the weight of the liquid column in the drain device 12 is always greater than the crankcase pressure gases acting on the annular gap Mr. "A", ie, oil under the influence of the weight of the liquid column is constantly displaced into the crankcase, thereby eliminating the breakthrough of crankcase gases through the drain device 12 into the expansion chamber 8.

The drain device 12 can be made in the form of a tube 18, which, on the one hand, communicates with the expansion chamber 8, and on the other hand, a flap valve 19 is installed, through which the pipe 18 communicates with the crankcase 4 of the engine.

The ventilation system of the crankcase of an internal combustion engine operates as follows.

Crankcase gases through a window 5 in a rotary angle 3 with a minimum amount of oil enter the inlet pipe 1, where large drops of oil partially fall out of the stream and move along the walls of the pipe 1. Next, the crankcase gas stream enters the expansion chamber 8, where due to the large difference in diameters the inlet pipe 1 and the expansion chamber 8 there is a sharp expansion effect, resulting in a drop in speed, pressure and temperature. Due to this, there is a change in the state of aggregation of the gas, the smallest particles of oil condense and fall down. Then, through the hole 11 and the drain device 12, the oil particles merge back into the crankcase. The purified gases through the diffuser 6 fall into the outlet pipe 2 from the central, cleaner zone of the expansion chamber 8 without change

direction of movement, which reduces resistance to gas flow and thereby reduces pressure in the crankcase. The cleaned crankcase gases from the exhaust pipe 2 are discharged into the atmosphere.

The claimed technical solution allows to increase the efficiency of cleaning crankcase gases from oil and to eliminate the release of oil into the atmosphere while ensuring low pressure in the crankcase.

The claimed technical solution meets the requirement of industrial applicability and is possible for implementation on standard processing equipment.

Claims (2)

1. The crankcase ventilation system of an internal combustion engine, comprising a crankcase supply pipe having a rotary elbow, a crankcase exhaust manifold, an oil separator connected to the engine crankcase through a drain device, characterized in that a window is made in the rotary elbow at the junction with the crankcase of the engine and the oil separator is made in the form of an expansion chamber located in the crankcase of the engine, communicating with the inlet and outlet pipes of the crankcase gases, while the diameter of the expansion itelnoy chamber larger diameter pipes, moreover, the crankcase gas discharge conduit is provided with a tapered cone, and the drain device is arranged in the form of two tubes, installed with a gap relative to each other, wherein the inner and outer tubes are respectively connected to the expansion chamber and the engine crankcase cavity. 2. The crankcase ventilation system of an internal combustion engine, comprising a crankcase supply pipe having a rotary elbow, a crankcase exhaust manifold, an oil separator connected to the engine crankcase through a drain device, characterized in that a window is made in the rotary elbow at the junction with the crankcase of the engine and the oil separator is made in the form of an expansion chamber located in the crankcase of the engine, communicating with the inlet and outlet pipes of the crankcase gases, while the diameter of the expansion itelnoy chamber larger diameter pipes, moreover, the crankcase gas discharge conduit is provided with a tapered cone, and the drain device is designed as a tube connected on one side to an expansion chamber, and the other - with the crankcase cavity of the engine through the petal valve mounted in said tube.