RU7480U1 - REFRIGERATOR THERMOELECTRIC SMALL - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Small-sized thermoelectric refrigerator containing a case with double walls, the cavity between which is evacuated, a Peltier thermoelectric module and a cover, characterized in that the case is made in the form of a truncated cone, the interwall space is evacuated to a vacuum of not more than 10 mm Hg, getters are placed in the bottom, a heat pump is located in the lid, consisting of a thermoelectric module with the Peltier effect installed between two radiator plates, the space between the walls which has been evacuated and provided with a heat shield in the middle, the radiator plate in contact with the cold junction is in contact with the refrigerator, and the radiator plate in contact with the hot junction is in contact with a fan installed in the lid, in which the power control unit with temperature sensors.

Description

Small-sized thermoelectric refrigerator

The utility model relates to refrigeration and cooling appliances and devices.

Known thermoelectric refrigerator containing a refrigerator with double walls, the cavity between which is evacuated. and a thermoelectric battery of semiconductor elements with connection plates on hot and cold junctions, semiconductor elements are placed in the inter-wall cavity, the outer walls of the chamber are pressed by atmospheric pressure to the connection plates of hot junctions, and the internal walls are connected to the connection plates of cold junctions, each semiconductor element is enclosed in a tight vacuum casing (A.S. USSR N342024, MKI F25B

The disadvantages of the known refrigerator are the low efficiency of thermocouples caused by heat losses between the hot and cold plates of the container, as well as a decrease in vacuum in the inter-wall space during long-term operation and heating of the outer casing of the refrigerator, and as a result, an increase in power consumption.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to reduce energy consumption by reducing the heat loss of a thermoelectric refrigerator, increasing the usable volume and increasing consumer demand due to:

F25B21 / 02

1. Application as a vessel body of the Thermos type, the inter-wall space of which is evacuated to a vacuum of no higher than 10 mm. Hg. Art, with gas absorbers mounted in it, for example, type TNTF YuKZHB.757627.007TU, which ensure long-term vacuum storage, which allows to minimize heat losses from the working chamber of the refrigerator,

2.Application of the case in the form of a truncated cone, which ensures the minimum volume of the refrigerator with the maximum net volume due to the fact that this form itself provides the necessary structural rigidity with a sufficiently small thickness of the wall material under the conditions of evacuation of the interwall space, and the introduction of additional reinforcement of the case walls is caused by consumer properties (possible shocks during the operation of the refrigerator) and are crushed by the minimum stiffening ribs on the outside and inside in the small fridge.

3. Placement of heat generating elements in the lid of the refrigerator, located above the refrigerator,

4. The use of a heat pump on thermoelectric modules with the Peltier effect with very low heat losses between hot and cold plates due to the placement of thermocouples in a vacuum chamber, and ensuring a long lasting at least 10 years of vacuum in this volume due to the introduction of getters into this volume, for example , type TNTF YuKZHB.757627.007TU.

5. Introducing a temperature monitoring circuit in the refrigerator and automatically switching the heat pump from intensive cooling to thermal isolation, i.e., applying a reduced supply voltage to the heat pump, for example, 2 ... 4 V when the specified temperature is reached in the refrigerator temperature, which eliminates the influx of thermal energy through the evaporator into the refrigerator chamber. The proposed technical solution satisfies the Novelty criterion, since the applicants and authors have not found a similar set of features of the proposed utility model in published sources of information, and the distinguishing features introduced are significant and can reduce the energy consumption of the refrigerator due to the efficient use of thermoelectric modules with the Peltier effect, creating a rational technical solution , the use of vacuum and technical means of preserving it. The essence of the technical solution is illustrated by the drawings: figure 1 shows a small thermoelectric refrigerator; in FIG. 2 replaceable fridge lid; in FIG. 3 heat pump with thermoelectric modules with the Peltier effect. The thermoelectric refrigerator consists of a removable active cover 1, a two-wall case 2. The cover with the case is fastened with clamps 3 (Fig. 1). The housing 2 is made of vacuum-tight material (for example, aluminum sheet brand AMtsS). To ensure additional rigidity of the body in the inter-wall space, ribs 4, 5, 6 are fixed. The sealing of the space between the external and internal buildings and their connection is carried out by a welded-in liner 7, which has a variable cross-section to provide a higher thermal resistance between.

the walls of the body. Racks 8 from a material with low thermal conductivity, exclude the movement of the inner casing. All construction materials are fired in vacuum, which over time reduces the vacuum in the inter-wall space and thereby increases the flow of heat into the refrigerator. The introduction of getters 9 provides a long-term vacuum in the inter-wall space. The air is pumped out from the inter-wall space of the casing 2 through the plug 10, while heating the bottom with getters 9 to a temperature of 250 to activate them. Shtengel 10 after evacuation to a vacuum of 10 mm. Hg. Art. no more pinched and sealed.

Double-walled with deeply evacuated space housing at least 25 times heat loss. For example, the best known heat insulator has a thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.025. Vacuum 10 mm. Hg. Art. provides thermal conductivity no higher than 10-.

In the lid 1 of the refrigerator there is a heat pump 11, a power control unit 12, a fan 13, a switch 14. The refrigerator is connected through a connector 15. The lid is filled with foam material 16 with low thermal conductivity.

Cover 1 in conditions of temporary absence. Power can be replaced by a removable cover (figure 2), consisting of a housing 17 filled with foam material 18.

The heat pump (FIG. 3) consists of two plates - radiators 19 and 20, between which a thermoelectric module 21 with Peltier effect and ring vacuum seals 22 are installed. The space between

plates - radiators 19 and 20 evacuated to a vacuum of not more than 10 mm. Hg. Art. In the middle part there is a heat shield 23 with a minimum black factor. reducing heat transfer of radiation created by plates - radiators 19 and 20. For long-term vacuum storage in the inter-wall space of the heat pump, getters 24 are installed.

On the stove radiator 19 of the heat pump, there is a temperature sensor 25 for monitoring the temperature of the superheat of the thermoelectric modules of the heat pump 11 (figure 1). A temperature sensor 26 is installed in the lid 1 of the refrigerator. To ensure carrying and transportation, handles 27 are fixed on the body 2, rollers 28 and a stop 29 are installed on the bottom of the refrigerator. The principle of operation of the thermoelectric refrigerator.

When applying voltage to the refrigerator through the connector 15, the fan 13 is turned on and the control unit 12 supplies the voltage to the thermoelectric module 21 with the Peltier effect. When a supply voltage is applied in cooling mode, the thermoelectric module begins to take heat from the stove - radiator 19, and the last

will take heat from the internal volume of the body 2 of the refrigerator. . . -.

At the same time, heat is released on the hot side of the thermoelectric module 21, which is transmitted by the stove - the radiator 20 and removed from it by the fan 13 and emitted into the surrounding space. When the temperature of the refrigerator reaches + 5 ° С in the internal volume of the case 2, the resistance of the temperature sensor 26 changes and the control unit 12 (in the input circuit of which this temperature sensor is connected) changes the value of the supply voltage to

low enough to exclude the influx of heat from the external environment through the heat pump 11 into the internal volume of the refrigerator body 2.

Introduction to the control unit power switching

refrigerator, for example, from 12 V after the end of intensive cooling until the specified temperature in the chamber is reached, to the thermal insulation mode (for example 3.5 V), which maintains the specified temperature in the chamber, reduces power consumption by 15 times.

The property of thermoelectric modules with the Peltier effect when changing the polarity of the supply voltage to change the operating mode, i.e. to generate heat on heat-absorbing junctions and absorb heat on heat-generating junctions, it was possible to introduce into the thermoelectric cooler a mode for heating products or substances placed in the thermoelectric cooler case 2 to 60 C.

When the polarity of the supply voltage of the refrigerator is changed by the switch 14, heat is released by the thermoelectric module 21 and the stove - radiator 19, the heat is dissipated in the internal volume of the chamber 2. - the refrigerator. The fan 13 in this mode provides heat flow to the stove-radiator 20. When the temperature reaches plus 60 C in the refrigerator’s internal volume, the resistance of the temperature sensor 26 changes and the control unit 12 stops supplying voltage to the thermoelectric module 21.

Claims (1)

1. Small-sized thermoelectric refrigerator containing a case with double walls, the cavity between them is evacuated, a Peltier thermoelectric module and a cover, characterized in that the case is made in the form of a truncated cone, the interwall space is evacuated to a vacuum of not more than 10 ^-4 mm Hg ., gas absorbers are placed in the bottom, a heat pump is located in the lid, consisting of a thermoelectric module with the Peltier effect installed between two radiator plates, the interwall space which are evacuated and equipped with a heat shield in the middle part, the radiator plate in contact with the cold junction is in contact with the refrigerator, and the radiator plate in contact with the hot junction is in contact with a fan installed in the lid, in which the power control unit with temperature sensors.