RU69436U1 - CUTTING MACHINE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the processing of metals by pressure, namely to mechanical shears with parallel knives for cutting, and can be used for cutting round, square and reinforcing steel.

The purpose of the utility model is to increase the diameter of cut steel to 55 mm and to ensure the safety of the cutting process.

The machine bed is made together with the gear housing and mounted on the frame. A fixed knife, a cam-clamp, rollers and a live roll for feeding the workpiece are fixed on the bed. The gearbox is driven by an electric motor through a belt drive and a flywheel. In the gear case there are gear stages transmitting rotation to the eccentric shaft. A clutch is rigidly fixed to the eccentric shaft. A gear wheel with grips and a spring-loaded leash are installed on it with the possibility of free rotation. A connecting rod with a movable knife is installed on the same shaft. The leash is controlled by a spring-loaded cam-lever system. When you press the pedal or the handle, the leash is released from fixing by the lever with the cam groove and, jumping out under the action of the spring, gets into the grips of the gear wheel. The wheel begins to rotate with the clutch, causing the eccentric shaft with the connecting rod to rotate. The connecting rod reciprocates in horizontal guides and a movable knife cuts the workpiece.

The coupling arrangement inside the gear rim eliminates cantilever loads on the eccentric shaft.

At the time of cutting, the forces constantly have a vertical component directed downward, which prevents the ejection of the workpiece.

The efforts at the time of cutting bending the workpiece in length compensates for the cam-clamp.

The machine allows you to cut rolled products with a diameter of up to 55 mm.

The machine ensures the safety of the cutting process.

Description

The utility model relates to the processing of metals by pressure, namely to mechanical shears with parallel knives for cutting, and can be used for cutting round, square and reinforcing steel.

Known scissors for cutting steel, containing a frame with a fixed knife, a drawstring with a movable knife, mounted in the frame with the possibility of rotation around the axis; a window is made in the wings, in which an insert is mounted on the drive eccentric shaft; the cross-sectional insert has the shape of a figure bounded on two sides by parallel lines, on the third side facing the knives - half a circle, and on the fourth side - an arc of large radius; the window in the wings has the shape of a figure bounded on two sides by diverging segments of straight lines of the same length, on the third side facing the knives with half a circle, and on the fourth side with an arc of large radius, the cutting edges of the knives are beveled [1], [2] .

The disadvantages of these scissors are:

- low level of safety due to the possible ejection of the cut workpiece from the cutting zone, as well as due to the low stability of the machine frame;

- high loads at the interface between the liner and the eccentric shaft;

- poor protection of mechanisms from ingress of cut metal waste;

- the impossibility of processing rolled products with a diameter of more than 40 mm.

A known machine for cutting rental, comprising a frame, a bed with a fixed knife, a drawstring with a movable knife installed in the bed with the ability to swing around the axis, collapsible liner,

placed in the window of the scenes on the drive eccentric shaft, is additionally equipped with a rolling bearing installed between the liner and the eccentric shaft, a loading-protective device made in the form of two swinging rods with counterweights. The liner and the window in the wings have a trapezoid shape, the smaller base of which is facing the movable knife. The backstage movement is carried out by transmitting rotation from the electric motor through a V-belt transmission to the flywheel, then through a cam clutch, two pairs of gears to an eccentric shaft. The machine is equipped with a hinged protective casing, the machine frame is B-shaped, a protective L-shaped mesh fence of the cutting zone is mounted on the bed, and a feeding roller table is installed on the side plane of the bed in the area of the throat [3].

The disadvantages of these scissors are:

- the inability to handle rolled products with a diameter of more than 40 mm due to the insufficiency of the developed forces in the cutting zone;

- rocking movement of the scenes with a movable knife, which makes it possible to eject the cut workpiece during the reverse stroke of the scenes and leads to the need to install a loading and protective device;

- the need to install a cam clutch on an eccentric shaft between the gear and the eccentric, which leads to lengthening of the shafts, an increase in cantilever loads and dimensions of the machine.

This device is selected as a prototype of the considered utility model.

The purpose of this utility model is to increase the diameter of cut steel to 55 mm, to ensure the safety of the cutting process.

The above goal is realized in a utility model due to the fact that:

- eliminates additional cantilever loads on the shafts due to the compact placement inside the rim of the gear of the clutch, transmitting movement to the connecting rod by means of a movable leash:

- the movable knife is mounted on the connecting rod, making a reciprocating movement between the horizontal guides, while the trajectory of the movable knife at the time of cutting and return is such that the arising forces prevent the ejection of the cut workpiece;

- on the bed, on the loading side of the rolled metal, not far from the cutting zone, a fixation cam is installed, which senses the efforts of bending the workpiece in length at the time of cutting, while each face of it corresponds to the passage of a certain size of the material being cut;

- the machine bed is made of a single design with a gearbox, inside which all the gears are located, including the clutch, eccentric shaft and connecting rod moving in a common oil bath.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the machine with cutouts; figure 2 is a top view with cuts.

The machine for cutting rental contains a frame 1, combined with a gearbox on which the main components of the machine are mounted. The bed is mounted on frame 2 and, if necessary, on vibration mounts 3.

The machine is driven from the electric motor 4 by means of a belt drive to the flywheel 5, sitting on the drive shaft, and then through the gear stages to the eccentric shaft 6.

A clutch 7 is rigidly fixed on this shaft, a gear wheel 8 with grippers 9 and a spring-loaded leash 10, pressed by a cover 11, is mounted on it with the possibility of rotation. A connecting rod 12 with a movable knife 13 is mounted on the same shaft.

All these mechanisms are located inside the gear case, made as a unit with the bed.

A fixed knife 14, a cam-latch 15, rollers 16 and a roller table 17 for feeding the cut material are also fixed on the bed.

A spring-loaded cam-lever system consisting of a lever with a pedal 18 and a handle 19 and a lever with a cam groove 20 is also installed on the housing.

In this case, the leash 10 is made L-shaped so that one part of it is able to be fixed by the lever 20, and the other by the grippers 9.

The machine operates as follows.

The loading of the workpiece can be carried out both from the side and from above using the rollers 16 and the roller table 17. In this case, before loading the cam-latch 15 is set to the position corresponding to the given standard size of the workpiece. It compensates for the efforts that bend the workpiece in length at the time of cutting. The workpiece is fed into the throat between the knives.

Before the cut starts, with the electric motor turned on, the gear wheel 8 rotates freely on the hub of the coupling 7, and the leash 10 is pressed by the cam groove of the lever 20 in the housing of the coupling 7.

The workpiece is cut by pressing the pedal 18 or the handle 19. In this case, the lever 20 rises, disengaging the lead 10. Under the action of the spring, the lead 10 jumps out of the clutch housing 7 and falls into the grips of the rotating gear 8. The wheel engages with the clutch 7 . In this case, the eccentric shaft 6 is driven into rotation with the connecting rod 12 mounted on it. The connecting rod makes a reciprocating motion in horizontal guides and the movable knife cuts the workpiece so that it is pressed against the bed both with the straight and at the return stroke of the connecting rod. The movable knife describes a complex path, but the efforts are constantly

vertical component directed downward, which prevents the ejection of the workpiece.

When the pedal is released, the lever 20 moves downward, the leash 10 enters the cam groove of the lever 20 and thereby is wrung out to the clutch housing, leaving the grips of the gear rim. The clutch engages with the rim and the wheel again starts free rotation on the hub of the clutch.

Information sources

1. Konstantopulo G.S. Mechanical equipment of factories of reinforced concrete products: Textbook for technical schools - M .: Stroyizdat, 1982

2. Mogilevsky Y. G. etc. Machines and equipment for concrete and reinforced concrete works. M .: Stroyizdat, 1993

3. RU 0046449, 2005 (prototype).

Claims (7)

1. Rolling cutting machine, comprising a frame mounted on a frame with a fixed knife, made in a single design with a gear housing, inside which all gears, an eccentric shaft, a coupling, a connecting rod with a movable knife are located, characterized in that the coupling transmits rotation from the gear wheels on an eccentric shaft with a connecting rod by means of a movable leash, arranged inside the gear rim. 2. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the rim of the gear wheel is freely seated on the hub of the coupling, rigidly mounted on an eccentric shaft and has the ability to rotate on it. 3. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the wheel rim on the inside is made with grips. 4. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the leash mounted on the clutch housing is spring-loaded and its movement is controlled by a lever with a cam groove. 5. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the movable knife is mounted on a connecting rod, making a reciprocating movement between horizontal guides. 6. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutting forces constantly have a vertical component directed downward. 7. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that on the bed in the loading zone of the rental there is a cam-clamp, each face of which corresponds to the passage of a certain size of cut steel.