RU69404U1 - DEVICE FOR LIFE SUPPORT OF STAGES OF MEDICAL EVACUATION - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of medical equipment and can be used to provide emergency medical care to victims.

The objective of the invention is to improve the quality of technical support of the reception, sorting, operational resuscitation and other departments of the stages of medical evacuation.

A life support device for the stages of medical evacuation, in which a life support system containing equipment for external and internal ventilation with air, its heating, conditioning, temperature control, air supply and protection of the injured and medical personnel from the damaging factors of the infected atmosphere, an electrical safety and lighting system was used as the technical means of providing support for the victims with electrical equipment, medical equipment, apparatus, devices and fire equipment with means of cig intercalations, interconnected water-gas and distillation-sterilization complexes, the first of which includes a water treatment module. containing interconnected main and spare blocks of preliminary water treatment, a water supply and sewage system, a gas module, including a medical oxygen supply system, compressed purified air and gaseous nitrous oxide, containing a subsystem for supplying, drying and purifying atmospheric and compressed air from moisture, oil and aerosols particulate matter, air compression unit, portable oxygen concentration units, compressed air wiring subsystem from the compression unit to portable units oxygen concentration, a portable field thermochemical oxygen generator of the “Topol” type, and the distillation and sterilization complex contains distillation and sterilization modules. The life support device is made on the basis of container bodies of constant and variable volume, interconnected with other bodies through docking modules using transition vestibules. The water supply and sewage system contains a water heating unit. faucet, sink, hand sanitizing trays, washbasin with clean water tanks, hanging cans for drinking water, cans for collecting used water and an external submersible electric pump for filling the washbasins in the absence of water from an external source. As

of the distillation module, a drinking water electrodialysis system was used for pan sheep. connected to an electric water distiller. connected to the purified water supply and cooling system of the water distiller, the source and softened water tank, the purified water collector and the vessel with water for injection, containing a stirrer, a jacket for supplying steam and cooling water, a vessel shower system, a temperature control system, an air filter, an explosive membrane, level control system, electric steam generator and first pressure gauge. The distillation module contains bactericidal irradiators. first and second pumps, first and second mechanical filters, control and monitoring unit. The sterilization module includes a unit for two-section washing, drying and sterilization of pharmaceutical dishes, ensuring its processing and preparation for filling with drugs, the first unit for sterilization of drug solutions. corked in glass bottles with a capacity of 0.5 l, with a capacity of at least 36 bottles / h, a second sterilization unit for dressings and surgical materials, surgical instruments and linen, parts for medical devices, including an air, dry heat sterilizer, four steam sterilizers and a portable multi-functional ozonizer with a sterilization chamber with a volume of 250 liters. The performance of the purified water treatment module is at least 50 l / h. for water for injection - at least 10 l / h. and the performance of the gas module for a hyperoxic gas mixture is at least 100 l / min (normal) at a pressure of at least 0.2 MPa with an oxygen concentration of at least 93% (total when using 10 oxygen concentration blocks). The life support system additionally contains a heating system with a heat output of each of the four air conditioners of at least 3.9 kW and a heater of at least 6.5 kW, with an air temperature of 1 m from the floor in the center of the container, provided at an outdoor temperature of 223 K after 45 min after turning on the heaters, equal to 293 K, as well as the air supply system in the infected atmosphere with the help of filtering units FVUA-100A-24 with a capacity of supplying purified air to the inhabited volume of at least 100 m3 / h p.1 Fig.

Description

The invention relates to the field of medical equipment and can be used to provide emergency medical assistance to victims.

Known oxygen inhalation station KIS-2.02, designed for oxygen therapy in the field. The station control panel operates at an oxygen pressure at the inlet of (4-15) MPa and (0.8-1.0) MPa. The performance of the console is at least 330 l / min with a pressure at the outlet of the console of at least 0.56 MPa. The performance of oxygen inhalation at an inlet pressure of 0.56 MPa and any oxygen concentration in the mixture at the outlet is up to 15 l / min at each exhalation from the inhaler / 1 /.

The oxygen concentration in the oxygen-air mixture at the outlet of the inhaler, with an inlet pressure of 0.56 MPa and a flow of at least 5 l / min, varies stepwise within 40, 60, 80 and 100%. With the KIS-2.02 station, up to 20 patients can be inhaled with oxygen or an oxygen-air mixture at the same time (also using gas masks), aerosolized drugs can be inhaled up to 2 patients at the same time, air can be sucked out of the respiratory tract up to 2 patients at the same time and oxygen supply of anesthesia "Narcon-2" type devices, up to 2 devices simultaneously. The artificial lung ventilation device (IVL) of the "Phase-11" type is intended for carrying out IVL in all cases when replacement of partially or completely broken independent respiration is required. It can work with any anesthesia machine, using any breathing system, providing controlled ventilation with both active and passive exhalation. The device "Phase-11" allows you to control the respiratory rate manually using the remote control. The range of regulation of minute ventilation in automatic mode is (1.5-37) l / min. The range of regulation of the respiratory rate with automatic control is (10-40) resp / mission, with a high-frequency mode - (40-160) resp / min. The exhalation is passive / 2 /. The portable device of inhalation anesthesia "Narcon-2" allows anesthesia in any medical institutions, military field conditions and ambulance conditions on open, half-open and half-closed pendulum breathing circuits and mechanical ventilation (IVL) using the portable device "Tsneviat-1" or a breathing bag such as Ambu / 3 /.

The closest technical solution, selected as a device - analog. is a unique ring for producing oxygen from apiospheric air - RF patent N 2140806 for the invention of the patent owner - Design Bureau "Armature", author A.T.Logunov, according to application N 98122564/12. - Priority dated 12/08/98. Published on 10/11/1999 bull. N 51. - M .: FIPS ROSPATEPT / 4 /. The installation for the production of oxygen hi atmospheric air includes an adsorption oxygen concentrator containing a receiver, two adsorbers filled with a sorbent, a compressor with a drying unit and a control system, and the inlet pipes of the adsorbers are connected to a compressed air supply system, the pipelines of which connect the adsorbers to the receiver, a source of compressed air, a consumer of oxygen and them among themselves. The concentrator control system includes adsorption-desorption valves, valves, constriction devices such as consumable washers installed on the first and second pipelines, the latter connecting the outlet pipes of the adsorbers. In this case, the diameters of the openings of the consumable washers are determined from the condition of achieving the maximum oxygen concentration 4.

The main disadvantages of the device is an analogue:

one). The actual design of the adsorption oxygen concentrator is absent, both the protection of its layout and its design, i.e. there is no industrial design of the product.

2). There is no specific relationship between the installation for producing oxygen from the atmospheric air of an adsorption oxygen concentrator with industrial oxygen complexes - devices that consume oxygen, for example, with ventilators "Phase-11", inhalation anesthesia of the type "NARKON-2" and oxygen inhalation of the type KIS-2.02 (KI -4.02), oxygen consumers themselves are even given.

3). The design of the means of connecting to the consumer is absent and its technical solution is not technologically disclosed.

four). Pipeline system with instrumentation and locks on control equipment. performance indicators and controls in the analogue are absent and require a specific technical solution.

The closest technical solution, selected as a prototype device, is a mobile complex of technical support for the operations and resuscitation department, - RF patent N 39825 for a utility model of the patent owner - CJSC Special Design Bureau of Experimental Equipment at the State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation, Institute of Biomedical Problems RAS ”, authors Grishin VI, Litvinov AM, Logunova AT,

by application N 2003110515/22. - priority from 04/14/2003, published on 08/20/2004 - bull - N 23. - M .: FIPS ROSPATEPT / 5 /.

A mobile complex of technical support for operational and resuscitation of the second compartment - proppip includes an oxygen production unit from atmospheric air, created on the basis of an adsorption oxygen concentrator containing a receiver, two adsorbers filled with a sorbent, a compressor with a drying unit and a control system, and the inlet pipes of the adsorbers are connected to the supply system compressed air, the pipelines of which connect the adsorbers to the receiver, a source of compressed air. the oxygen consumer and them together, while the control system includes adsorption-desorption valves, valves, constrictors such as consumable washers installed on the first and second pipelines, the latter connecting the output nozzles of the adsorbers, characterized in that the complex of the addition and gel but includes interconnected permanently placed in a body-container or van-body of a KAMAZ-type car anesthesiological-resuscitation-oxygen therapy module, oxygen module, energy module, connected with an anesthesiological-resuscitation-oxygen therapy module connected to an oxygen module containing a portable set of an adsorption oxygen concentrator and a transportable oxygen equipment system connected to work with "Phase-11" type mechanical ventilation apparatus, oxygen inhalation type KIS-2 (KI- 4.02), inhaled narcosis Narcon-2, and those included in the anesthesiological-resuscitation-oxyhepotherapeutic module of the operative resuscitation department of Mosn, Omedb, and a portable set of ads The oxygen oxygen concentrator contains an individual air compression unit connected to a single-channel oxygen concentration unit, and the oxygen equipment driven system includes a centralized air compression unit connected to a submodule of a multi-channel (at least 10) oxygen concentration unit, while the individual air compression unit The LF-15-10E type non-oil compressor is included to provide short-cycle, non-heating adsorption connected to the first fi screw .tryv dtm sdslennya drip and aerosol moisture during air compression, on the inlet and outlet nozzles of which are installed two pressure gauges for controlling the differential pressure on the filters, and a frame for combining the elements of an individual air compression unit in a single unit for ease of placement and transportation, and as the first system

Filtration applied domestic separation and filtering submodule type SFM-20, consisting of two series-connected filters with the same filter elements. in addition, each filter element consists of an inner steel perforated core, on which a layer of fiberglass filter material is applied, covered externally by a power frame. moreover, the centralized air compression unit includes a domestic oil compressor of the K3 type, which supplies compressed air to the input of the submodule of the multi-channel oxygen concentration unit and provides a short-cycle adsorption process in the multi-channel unit of the submodule connected to the second filter system through the cooler of the compressed air stream to a temperature of plus (2 -3) ° С, which is used as a cooling drier refrigerator type ФД 50. with the second, the centralized filter system The air compression unit consists of two half-solidly connected separation and filtration submodules of the SFM-120 type and a final filter, including a housing, a cover, a filter element and a drain plug, and the oxygen concentration unit includes oxygen valves, electro-pneumatic valves, non-return valves, an oxygen gas analyzer and a silencer noise.

Mobile complex technical support operational resuscitation department according to claim 1. characterized in that the single-channel oxygen concentration unit is made in the form of a single design, on the main frame of which two adsorbers, a receiver, a remote control unit for the control system and electrical connectors are mounted and fixed. electro-pneumatic clans are attached to the adsorbers using clamps, a pressure gauge, valves, fittings and on-off buttons and operation indicators of the remote control unit are integrated on the front panel of the concentration unit

The mobile complex of technical support for the operation and resuscitation department according to claim 1, characterized in that each adsorber of a single-channel oxygen concentration unit consists of a cover, a housing, input and output filters and a spring for preloading the zeolite layer, and synthetic adsorbent NaX is used as an adsorber, moreover, the cover and the adsorber housing are bolted through the flanges, and for sealing the connection a rubber gasket is installed, while the inlet filter is movable, with the possibility of moving along the longitudinal axis of the adsorber, through the surface of which the spring force acts on the zeolite layer, and in both filters nets of

stainless steel with a mesh size of 20 microns for filtering compressed gas flows with a maximum working pressure in the adsorber of 1 MPa (10 kgf / cm ³ ).

The mobile complex of technical support for the operational-intensive care unit according to claim 1. characterized in that the receiver contains a housing, which is a thin-walled balloon with semi-elliptical bottoms made of stainless steel with an internal volume of 10 dm ³ , and an EPMF-0.25 / 0.15-A-250 M membrane filter with an average pore size of 0 , 25 / 0.15 μm with a maximum pressure drop of 0.4 MPa at 20 ° C and 0.25 MPa at 60 ° C, and chemically stable fluoroplastic - 42 L. was used as the membrane material.

The mobile complex of technical support for the operation and resuscitation department according to claim 1, characterized in that the remote control unit of the control system of the single-channel oxygen concentration unit contains a first microcircuit for converting 15 V voltage to 9 V voltage, twenty microcircuits for generating a temporary control signal generation cycle, a resonator second generator, valves with six electromagnetic actuators - electro-pneumatic valves, nine cables with connectors. switches, indicators, rectifier blocks, transformer. step-down voltage 220 K to 15 V AC, thyristor optocouplers, transistors, thyristors. capacitors, resistors, fuses, a choke to protect the microcircuit's power circuit from impulse noise.

The mobile complex of technical support for the operational resuscitation department according to claim 1. characterized in that. that the main frame of the single-channel oxygen concentration unit is equipped with two removable wheels with a diameter of 100 mm to move it across the floor of the working room, and when the unit is installed on the workstation, it is supported on the floor with a metal stop for protection from spontaneous movement, while the main frame of the single-channel oxygen concentration unit with all sides is closed with a soundproof casing to protect against noise and protect its internal volume from dust, moisture and dirt / 5 /.

The main disadvantages of the prototype device are the disadvantages of the analogue, moreover, there is no technical solution for water treatment. obtaining purified water and water for injection, there is no sterilization of solutions of medicines, pharmaceutical dishes, dressings and surgical materials, surgical instruments, linen, parts of medical devices in the field, in summer and winter in combination with the protection of the life-support device of the medical stages

evacuation of the wounded and medical personnel from the damaging factors of the infected atmosphere and combat conditions.

The objective of the invention is to improve the quality of technical support of the reception, sorting, operational resuscitation and other departments of the stages of medical evacuation, in particular medical special purpose detachment of the Ministry of Health. The task is solved by the life support device for the stages of medical evacuation, neither made on the basis of container bodies of constant KK4.2 and variable KK4.3 volume, and PSM-6 medical pneumoframe structures connected to each other and other bodies through docking modules using transition vestibules. The life support device is characterized in that a life support system containing equipment for external and internal ventilation with air, its heating, conditioning, temperature control, air supply and protection of the wounded and medical personnel from the damaging factors of the infected atmosphere, an electrical safety and lighting system is used as the technical means for providing support for the victims. with electrical equipment, medical equipment, apparatus, devices and fire equipment with signaling devices, water-gas and distillation-sterilization complexes.

The water-gas complex includes a water treatment module, containing interconnected main and reserve water pre-treatment units, a water supply and sewage system, a gas module, including a medical oxygen supply system, compressed purified air and gaseous nitrous oxide, containing a subsystem for supplying, drying and purifying the source atmospheric and compressed air from aerosols of moisture, oil, and particulate matter, air compression unit, portable oxygen concentration units, development subsystems compressed air from the compression unit to the portable oxygen concentration units, the portable field thermochemical oxygen generator of the Topol type. The distillation and sterilization complex contains distillation and sterilization modules. The water supply and sewerage system contains a water heating unit, a mixer, a sink, disinfecting hand trays, a wash basin with clean water tanks, hanging cans for drinking water, canisters for collecting used water and an external external pump for filling the wash basins in the absence of water from an external source . As a distillation module, a drinking water treatment system was used,

an electrodialysis unit connected to an electric aquadistillator connected to a purified water supply and cooling system for the aquadistillator, the source and softened water tanks, a purified water collector, and an injection vessel. containing mixer. a jacket for supplying steam and cooling water, a vessel shower system, a temperature control system, an air filter, an explosive membrane, a level control system, an electric steam generator and a first pressure gauge. The distillation module contains bactericidal irradiators, first and second pumps, first and second mechanical filters, a control and monitoring unit. The sterilization module includes a unit for two-section washing, drying and sterilization of pharmaceutical dishes, providing its processing and preparation for filling with drugs, the first unit for sterilization of drug solutions, sealed in glass bottles with a capacity of 0.5 l, with a capacity of at least 36 bottles / h, second sterilization unit for dressings and surgical materials, surgical instruments and linen, parts of medical devices, including air, dry heat sterilizer, four steam sterilizers Ator and portable multifunctional ozonizer with a sterilization chamber, a volume of 250 liters. The performance of the water treatment module for purified water is at least 50 l / h, for injection water at least 10 l / h, and the gas module for hyperoxic gas mixture is at least 100 l / min (normal) at a pressure of at least 0.2 MPa with an oxygen concentration of at least 93% (total when using 10 blocks of oxygen concentration). The life support system additionally contains a heating system with a heat output of each of the four air conditioners of at least 3.9 kW and a heater of at least 6.5 kW, with an air temperature of 1 m from the floor in the center of the container, provided at an outdoor temperature of 223 K after 45 min after turning on the heaters, equal to 293 K. as well as the air supply and protection system for the wounded and medical personnel in the infected atmosphere with the help of filtering units FVUA-100A-24 with the feed rate of purified about air in the inhabited volume not less than 100 m ³ / hour.

Thus, the claimed device life support stages of medical evacuation meets the criteria of the invention of "novelty." A comparison of the proposed solutions with other technical solutions shows that the use of airmobile water-gas and distillation-sterilization complexes of technical support for medical units, departments and institutions

widely known. However, when they are introduced in the indicated connection with the other elements of the circuit into the claimed life support device of the stages of medical evacuation, the above blocks, systems and modules exhibit new properties that increase the speed, quality, efficiency and speed of emergency assistance to victims and increase the operational reliability of the claimed equipment and new medical equipment for rescue and life support of the wounded by military medical units and formations. This allows us to conclude that the technical solution meets the criteria of the invention "significant differences" and "industrial applicability". The technical result of the invention and its “inventive step” consist in increasing the efficiency of water treatment processes by heating the water supplied to the water treatment module and using warm heated air as a result of its compression in the gas module, as well as adsorption separation and dehumidification of the air to produce a gas hyperoxic mixture with 87-93% oxygen concentration also in the gas module, its use in the process of softening water in the distillation module, and most importantly medical gas mixture during artificial ventilation of the lungs and oxygen inhalation of the wounded and injured, as well as in increasing the efficiency of the desiccant by cooling the air, reducing the likelihood of a pair of water and oil entering oxygen adsorption concentrators, ensuring the most favorable temperature regime for adsorption processes in oxygen concentration, obtaining purified water in a water-gas complex, from which then in a distillation sterilization water distiller, cooled by purified water of the complex receive water for injection, used to obtain solutions of medicines, and to ensure the sterilization of pharmaceutical dishes, injection solutions themselves, sealed in glass bottles, and at the same time sterilization of dressings and surgical materials, surgical instruments, linen, parts of medical devices in the field , in the summer and winter, combined with the protection of the life support device of the wounded and medical personnel from the damaging factors of the infected atmosphere in combat conditions.

Figure 1 shows a functional block diagram of a life support device for the stages of medical evacuation, including airmobile water-gas and distillation-sterilization complexes for technical support of medical companies of regiments, individual medical battalions and brigades

divisions, special medical units and advanced hospital bases of the medical service of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

The life support device 1 of the stages of medical evacuation includes a life support system 2, containing equipment for external and internal ventilation 3 with air, its heating 4, conditioning 5, temperature control 6. air supply 7 and protection of 8 wounded and medical personnel from the damaging factors of the infected atmosphere, electrical safety system 9 and lighting with electrical equipment, medical equipment, apparatus, devices and fire equipment with signaling devices, interconnected water and gas 10 and distillation Onno sterilization-11 complexes. The water-gas complex 10 includes a water treatment module 12 containing interconnected main 13 and reserve 14 preliminary water treatment blocks. a water supply and sanitation system 15, a gas module 16, comprising a medical oxygen supply system 17, compressed purified air and gaseous nitrous oxide, comprising a subsystem 18 for supplying, drying, and purifying atmospheric and compressed air from moisture, oil, and particulate aerosols, a compression unit 19 of air, portable units 10 of concentrated oxygen, subsystem 11 for distributing compressed air from the compression unit 19 to portable units of oxygen concentration 20, portable field thermochemical generator 22 p-type oxygen "Poplar". The distillation-sterilization complex 11 contains a dnstillation 23 and a sterilization 24 modules. The water supply system 15 of the sewer contains a block 25 of water heating. mixer 26, sink 27, disinfectant trays 28 for hands, wash basin 29 with tanks 30 for clean water, hanging cans 31 for drinking water. canisters 32 for collecting used water and an external submersible electric pump 33 for filling the tanks 30 of the wash basin in the absence of water from an external source. As a distillation module 23, a drinking water water treatment system 34, an electrodialysis unit 35 connected to an electric water distiller 36 connected to a purified water supply and cooling system 37, a water source 38 and softened water cooling system 37, a purified water collector 40 and a vessel 41 s were used. water for injection, containing a stirrer 42, a jacket 43 for supplying steam and cooling water, a vessel shower system 44, a thermostatic system 45, an air filter 46, an explosive membrane 47, an urine control system 48 nya, electric steam generator 49 and the first pressure gauge 50. The distillation unit 23 comprises

bactericidal irradiators 51, first 52 and second 53 pumps, first 54 and second 55 mechanical filters, control unit 56 for control. The sterilization module 24 includes a unit 57 for two-stage washing, drying and sterilization of pharmaceutical glassware, which ensures its processing and preparation for filling with drugs, the first unit 58 for sterilizing drug solutions, sealed in 59 glass bottles with a capacity of 0.5 l, with a capacity of at least 36 bottles / h, the second sterilization unit 60 dressings and surgical materials, surgical instruments and linen, parts of medical devices. including an air, dry heat sterilizer 61, four steam sterilizers 62 and a portable multifunctional ozonizer 63 with a sterilization chamber 64, a volume of 250 liters. The performance of the water treatment module 12 for purified water is at least 50 l / h, for water for injection - at least 10 l / h, and the performance of gas module 16 for hyperoxic gas mixture is at least 100 l / min (normal) at a pressure of at least 0.2 MPa with an oxygen concentration of at least 93% (total when using 10 portable units 20 to he oxygen centering). The life support system 2 further comprises a heating system 65 with a heat output of each of the four air conditioners 66 of at least 3.9 kW and a heater of 67 at least 6.5 kW, with an air temperature of 1 m from the floor in the center of the container, provided at an outdoor temperature of 223 To after 45 minutes after turning on heaters 67, equal to 293 K. and also a system 7 for air supply and protection of 8 wounded and medical personnel from the infected atmosphere with the help of 68 filtering units FVUA-100A-24 with a capacity of Sweep the cleaned air into the habitable volume of at least 100 m3 / h, as well as the nitrous oxide supply system 69 and fire equipment 70 with alarm equipment. The life support device 1 of the stages of medical evacuation contains: 2 - life support system, 3 - equipment for external and internal ventilation with air, 4 - heating equipment, 5 - air conditioning equipment, 6 - temperature control equipment, 7 - air supply equipment, 8 - protection equipment for the wounded and medical personnel from the damaging factors of the infected atmosphere, 9 - electrical safety and lighting system with electrical equipment, 10 - water-gas complex, 11 - distillation and sterilization complex, 12 - water module training. 13 - the main unit of preliminary water treatment,

14 - a spare unit for preliminary water treatment, 15 - a water supply and sewage system, 16 - a gas module, 17 - a supply system of medical oxygen, compressed purified air and gaseous nitrous oxide. 18 - a subsystem for supplying, drying and cleaning the source of atmospheric and compressed air from aerosols of moisture, oil and particulate matter, 19 - air compression unit, 20 - portable oxygen concentration units. 21 - a subsystem for distributing compressed air from the compression unit 19 to the portable units 20 oxygen co-centering, 22 - the Topol portable field thermochemical oxygen generator, 23 - distillation module, 24 - sterile-acid module, 25 - water heating unit, 26 - mixer, 27 - sink, 28 - hand sanitizing trays, 29 - wash basin, 30 - clean water tanks, 31 - drinking water canisters, 32 - canister for collecting used water, 33 - remote submersible electric pump for filling the wash basin 30, 34 - system water treatment pi evoy water. 35 - electrodialysis machine, 36 - electric akvadistillyator, 37 - power supply system for purified water and cooling of the akaadistillator 36. 38 - source water tank, 39 - softened water tank, 40 - purified water tank, 41 - injection water vessel, 42 - agitator 43 - a jacket for supplying steam and cooling water, 44 - a vessel shower system 41, 45 - a temperature control system, 46 - an air filter, 47 - an explosive membrane, 48 - a level control system, 49 - an electric steam generator. 50 - first pressure gauge, 51 - bactericidal irradiator, 52 - first pump, 53 - second pump, 54 - first and 55 - second mechanical filters, 56 - control and monitoring unit, 57 - unit for two-section washing, drying and sterilization of pharmaceutical dishes, 58 - the first sterilization unit for drug solutions, 59 - glass vials, 60 - the second sterilization unit for dressings and surgical materials, surgical instruments and linen, parts of medical devices, 61 - air, dry heat sterilizer, 62 - steam sterilizer. 63 - portable multifunctional ozonizer. 64 - sterilization chamber, 65 - heating system, 66 - air conditioning, 67 - air heater, 68 - filter ventilation unit FVUA-100A-24, 69 - nitrous oxide power system. 70 - fire equipment with alarm systems.

The device 1 life support stages of medical evacuation works as follows. Life support system 2 using equipment 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 allows for external and internal ventilation of the worker

premises of the inhabited compartment of the space department of the functional units of the operational resuscitation, sorting and evacuation, laboratory diagnostic, hospital departments and pharmacies of the stages of medical evacuation, its heating. conditioning, temperature control, air supply, and, if necessary, protection of 8 indoor premises and people inside from various damaging factors, in particular in the presence of an infected atmosphere. Heating 65 and forced ventilation 3 are carried out by heaters 67 of air ОВ95. running on diesel fuel. Air conditioning 5 and temperature control 6 is carried out by transport 66 air conditioner KTNM-4. An air supply of 7 spacecraft in the conditions of an infected atmosphere is carried out by a filter ventilation 68 installation FVUA-100A-24. The water supply and sanitation system 15 is designed to supply functional units with clean water, including drinking water, medical personnel and the wounded to perform the necessary sanitary and hygienic procedures during the provision of medical care, as well as to collect used water. The main elements of the system 15 are a wash basin 29 with tanks 30 for clean water, a block 25 for heating water, a mixer 26, a sink 27, and disinfectant trays 28 for hands. The system 15 also includes hanging cans 31 for drinking water. canisters 32 for collecting used water and an external submersible electric pump 33 for filling the tanks 30 of the wash basin 29 in the absence of water from an external source. Structurally, the gas-water complex 10 and the sterilization-distillation complex 11 consist of the basic parts of container bodies KK4.2 and KK4.3, functional systems and technological equipment for water treatment 12 and gas 16 modules, distillation 23 and sterilization 24 modules, as well as medical equipment and materials . The base part includes the housing KK4.2 or KK4.3, which has a habitable and technical compartments, system 9 of electrical equipment - a set of power supplies, current conversion. switching, protection and lighting; life support system 2 - installations, equipment and units of air conditioning subsystems 5. temperature control 6, air supply and protection system 7 of the wounded and medical personnel from the damaging factors of the infected atmosphere, electrical safety system 9, heating 4 and ventilation 3, fire-fighting equipment system 70 with fire extinguishing means and alarms, handling devices. The gas-water complex 10 includes the following functional subsystems and equipment of module 12

water treatment: system 18 for supplying, drying, and cleaning the source of atmospheric and compressed air from an aerosol of moisture, oil, and particulate matter; air compression unit 19; portable oxygen co-centering units 20; a subsystem 21 for distributing compressed air from the compression unit 19 to the portable oxygen concentration units 20; portable field thermochemical oxygen generator 22 with a supply of oxygen blocks: system 15 for water supply and sewerage of used water; the main 13 and spare 14 blocks of preliminary water treatment; auxiliary technological equipment and devices. The gas module 16 includes a medical oxygen supply system 17 and a nitrous oxide supply system 69.

The sterilization-distillation complex 11 contains distillation 23 and sterilization 24 modules. The water treatment module 12 has a capacity for the main purpose of at least 50 l / h of purified water and at least 10 l / h of water for injection. Gas module 16 has a capacity of at least 100 l / min of gas g and peroxide mixture at a pressure of at least 0.2 MPa with an oxygen concentration of at least 90 + -3% when using a total of 10 standardized concentration units 20. The duration of continuous operation of both modules around the clock for at least three days. Technologically, the modules and blocks of the water-gas complex 10 are combined into a single unit in order to increase the efficiency of water treatment processes and adsorption air separation. An analysis of the possibilities of the most effective organization of the technological process of obtaining water for injection from facial water indicates the feasibility of combining the processes of obtaining purified water and water for injection. When placing the technological equipment for producing water for injection in the water treatment module 12, the solution to the water supply problem of the water distiller 36 is significantly simplified. The water treatment module 12 is developed on the basis of the electro-membrane technology for producing purified water. Advanced distillation technology for water for injection. The water-gas complex 10 of the technological equipment of the water treatment module 12 consists of three functional units: a system 34 of the water treatment of the source of drinking water for the operation of the electrodialysis unit 35 according to the main scheme 1 and spare circuit 2; electrodialysis unit 35 with a capacity of purified water of at least 50 l / h; electric akvadistillyator 36 with a productivity of 10 l / hour on water for injections with a water supply system and cooling. System 34

water treatment of the source of drinking water according to the basic scheme 1 has a reagent pre-treatment unit 13, continuous-periodic action, using the Na-cationization method to remove hardness salts from the source water with the regeneration of the ion-exchange resin of sodium chloride. In the body of the main water treatment unit 13 according to Scheme 1, the first pump 52, the first mechanical filter 54, the ion exchange column, the salt solvent, the tank 39 for collecting softened water, the control and monitoring console 56, the first electrocontact manometer 50 for shutting down the installation, and flowmeters for controlling the softened flow are mounted water and control the regeneration process, piping system.

The wave-preparation system 34 according to Scheme 2 has a spare 14 pre-treatment unit for a reagent-free, continuous operation using an electrochemical softening method to simultaneously remove both total carbon carbon and hardness salts from the source water. The following are mounted in the spare 14 pre-preparation unit according to Scheme 2: a second pump 53, a second mechanical filter 55, an electrochemical softener for the source water, a softened water tank 39, a control and monitoring panel 56, an oxygen or air supply line to the pre-prepared water tank, and a second electrical contact pressure gauge 50-1 for shutting down the installation, flowmeters for monitoring the flow of softened water and the flow of concentrate, piping system. The following are mounted in the housing of the electrodialysis installation 36: a control and monitoring panel 56, a third pump 53-1, electrodialysis machines and a third electric contact pressure gauge 50-2 for shutting down the installation (53-1, 50-1, 50-2 in figure 1 are not indicated) .

Purified water is stored in closed containers made of materials that ensure the preservation of water properties within the requirements of current regulatory documents and protect it from foreign particles and microbiological contaminants. The materials of the vessel for storing purified water can be polypropylene, Teflon, stainless steel 02X17H 13M2. These requirements correspond to the capacity of S-100 mud. To obtain water for injection, an AEV-10 akvadistillyator 36 is used, to which purified water is supplied after the electrodialysis apparatus of the installation 35. The purified water supply system 37 and the electric akvadistillyator 36 are semi-closed, in which heated purified water is supplied from the output of the cooling circuit of the distiller 36 to the inlet of the liquid-liquid heat exchanger, in which it transfers its heat to the source water, which requires heating.

Water for injection is stored at temperatures ranging from 3 degrees to 7 degrees Celsius or from 80 degrees to 95 degrees Celsius in closed containers, ensuring the preservation of the properties of water within specified limits and protecting it from mechanical impurities and microbiological contamination. The duration of water storage is established after validation. If you need long-term storage of water for injection, organize its circulation at a temperature in the range of 85-90 degrees Celsius using vessels of type 41 SI-40. As the material of all surfaces in contact with water for injection, stainless steel 02X17H 13M2, electropolished with a surface roughness of not more than 03 μm, is used - the international designation AISI 316L. The SI-40 vessel for water for injection is equipped with a stirrer 42. a jacket 43 for supplying steam and cooling water, a shower system 44 to ensure continuous wetting of the entire inner surface of the vessel 41, a temperature control system 45, a hydrophobic air filter 46. an explosive membrane 47, a pressure gauge and system 48 level control. According to the order of the Minister of Health of the Russian Federation No. 309 of October 21, 1997, the process of preparing water for injection is carried out under aseptic conditions. Bactericidal irradiators 51 low-pressure discharge lamps emitting ultraviolet rays with a wavelength of 254 are used to disinfect air and work surfaces in the MVP 12. the corresponding region of the greatest bactericidal effect of radiant energy. Given the volume of the container body KK.4.2 less than 30 m3. and MVP 12 uses a wall irradiator 51 OBN-150.

MVP 12 ensures the production of purified water (OV), which meets the requirements of Article FS 42-2619-97, from drinking water (PV), followed by the supply of OM to the gas-water complex 10 to obtain water for injection (VI) from it. as well as for its use for its intended purpose in the technological cycle of sterilization of drug solutions and to ensure the needs of the stage, in particular, the Ministry of Natural Sciences. As the source water, a PV is used that meets the requirements of GOST 2761-84.

The gas module GM 16 of the water-gas complex 10 VGK UZhO is designed for timely, complete and uninterrupted technical support of the needs of the main functional departments - anesthesiology, surgery, resuscitation, reception and sorting, in medical oxygen. The composition of the equipment GM 16 VGK 10 provides the possibility of obtaining from atmospheric air by the method of short-cycle heatless adsorption of a hyperoxic gas mixture with

an oxygen concentration of at least 90 + -3% with a total flow rate of at least 100 l / min (normal) m pressure of at least 0.2 MPa. provided by 10 standardized portable units 20 of oxygen concentration and the possibility of multiple filling with oxygen of cylinders with a capacity of at least 2 liters and a pressure of at least 12.5 MPa for personnel-controlled ventilation devices of the DAR-05, DP-11 type and oxygen inhalation of the KI-4 type . The oxygen concentrator 20 consists of an air compression unit 19 and an oxygen concentration kit 20. The air compression unit 19 provides simultaneous operation of at least 10 oxygen concentrators 20, each of which produces at least 10 l / min of a hyperoxic gas mixture with an oxygen concentration of at least 90% at a pressure of at least 0.2 MPa. This provides the opportunity to use the air distribution instead of the oxygen distribution to geographically dispersed consumers, which creates the conditions for absolutely safe and efficient field operation of the power supply system 17 and providing medical oxygen to the functional units of the medical evacuation stages. To unconditionally exclude possible interruptions in the provision of oxygen to the surgical department, intensive care unit and intensive care unit of the stage or MOSN, as well as the possibility of re-filling oxygen with small-capacity cylinders for DAR-05, DP-11 mechanical ventilation apparatus and KI-4 type oxygen inhalation, they are used thermochemical oxygen generators 22 of the type "Topol". In addition, if necessary, they provide the possibility of forced oxygen supply to the consumer. Thus, the combination of these two oxygen technologies opens up the possibility of creating a qualitatively new complex of technical means for providing oxygen to field airmobile medical units. The composition of GM 16 VGK 10 used: a set of technical means for oxygen production by the method of adsorption separation of atmospheric air - the basic system; technical means for producing oxygen by the method of thermochemical separation of solid oxygen-containing compositions.

The technical means of the gas module 16 of the gas-water complex 10 for oxygen production by the method of adsorption separation of atmospheric air consist of the following main systems, components and elements:

subsystem 18 for supplying, drying and cleaning the source of atmospheric and compressed from aerosols moisture, oil, particulate matter;

air compression unit 19 with a productivity of at least 1,700 ln (normal) at an overpressure of at least 0.6 MPa;

portable units 20 - oxygen concentrators, placed during the deployment of ORO (or other medical departments) in its functional units;

subsystems 21 for distributing compressed air from the compression unit 19 to the portable units 20 — oxygen concentrators installed in the departments of surgical, anesthesiology, resuscitation, intensive care and sorting;

auxiliary technological equipment and devices.

In the transport position, the blocks 20 - oxygen concentrators are located in the gas module 16. The portable thermochemical oxygen generator 22 ТГГК-П is located in the gas module 16 and provides refilling of small-capacity oxygen cylinders of portable ventilators and infrared. In order to guarantee the provision of oxygen for medical events carried out in the surgical department and the intensive care unit and intensive care unit and to ensure the possible needs for boosting oxygen consumption, each portable unit 20 - the oxygen concentrator in these units can be duplicated by the on-board thermochemical generator 22 ТГГК-Б of also a portable type. The nitrous oxide nutrition system 69 is designed to supply nitrous oxide with anesthetic breathing apparatus and mechanical ventilation apparatuses used for general anesthesia during intensive care of the wounded. It includes two replaceable nitrogen-cylinder sources, gas reducers to lower nitrous oxide pressure to the working supply pressure, and gas lines with valves for connecting medical equipment. Fire equipment 70 contains two hand-held carbon dioxide fire extinguishers of the OU-5 type, two automatic fire extinguishers of the Doping-2 brand, a fire alarm unit with fire detectors and three fire smoke detectors IP212 - 40. The sterilization and distillation complex 11 is also designed for washing, disinfection drying and sterilizing pharmaceutical dishes — processing and preparing pharmaceutical dishes for filling with medicines; sterilization of drug solutions. corked in glass bottles with a capacity of 0.5 l, with a capacity of at least 36 bottles / h; sterilization of dressings and surgical materials, surgical instruments and linen, parts of medical devices and devices.

The technical means of processing pharmaceutical glassware include: a three-section washer with electromechanical roughening, a washer type MAP 01 “Hals” (Vyborg) or a machine for washing bottles like “Umka” manufactured by Aseptika LLC, Moscow, air a GP-80-2 type sterilizer, two GP-100-3M steam sterilizers and two VK-75-R-PZ steam sterilizers. four cabinets or shelves for clean, new or used dishes. Vials and bottles of any volume leaving the Umka machine, after rinsing with purified water with a temperature of 80 degrees Celsius, in emergency cases exclude dry heat drying and sterilization of pharmaceutical dishes. The volume of dishes necessary for the manufacture of 300 l of sterile solutions of medicines is 600 bottles, with a capacity of 0.5 l. In addition, it is necessary to process about 300 units of dishes for non-sterile dosage forms and pharmaceutical dishes used in the technological cycle of drug manufacture. At the same time, 10 liters of washing-disinfecting solution are used to process 190 units of dishes. and for rinsing 30-35 liters of tap water - 5 times rinsing and 10-15 liters of purified water - 2-3 times rinsing. Therefore, for our workload, - 900 units of dishes, we need 47 liters of washing-disinfecting solution, 165 liters of drinking water and 71 liters of purified water for rinsing.

Sterilization of medical equipment is carried out using steam and air sterilizers - autoclaves and dry heat cabinets. Steam sterilization is used to sterilize pharmaceutical solutions, laboratory glassware, dressings, surgical instruments and thin rubber products. Dry heat sterilization is used to treat surgical instruments, glassware, silicone rubber, oily ointments and heat-resistant powders. The technological process of sterilization of medical property includes: laying the property in sterilization boxes, bottles of drug solutions are placed directly in the sterilization chamber, loading and closing the sterilization chamber, the choice of sterilization mode. sterilizer activation, heating, sterilization, cooling and drying; turning off the sterilizer, unloading property from the sterilization chamber. The sterilization process in steam sterilizers is carried out in automatic and manual control for 1-2 hours with exposure at a temperature of 121 and 134 degrees Celsius, respectively, for 20-25 minutes and 10-15 minutes. In order to prevent viral infections, viral hepatitis, all medical devices used in manipulations with violation of the integrity of the skin

integument and mucous membranes or in contact with the surface of the mucous membranes, as well as used during purulent operations or surgical procedures in an infectious patient injured after each use should undergo pre-sterilization cleaning and sterilization. Pre-sterilization cleaning of medical instruments should be carried out in medical units and for sterilization all property should go in sterilization boxes.

The sterilization equipment used to supply the medical service of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation does not meet modern requirements. So, in the manufacture of steam generators and sterilizers, stainless steel is not always used; there is no automation of sterilization modes: a long sterilization cycle due to the lack of modern technology of forced cooling; there is no technology for compensating the pressure inside the sterilization chamber during cooling, taking into account the change in pressure inside the glass container during sterilization of drug solutions; not perfect scheme for steam production for sterilization, leading to high fuel consumption; in the designs of steam generators and sterilizers there is no closed loop for the use of steam. which leads to greater consumption of purified water and high energy consumption.

To eliminate these shortcomings, we additionally introduce a multifunctional ozone sterilizer 63 of the OP1-M Orion type ozonizer with a sterilization chamber of 250 liters, made of stainless steel and designed for rapid sterilization of surgical instruments, surgical equipment, and heat-resistant medical devices, into the sterilization module 24 of complex 11 as well as for sterilization and disinfection of workrooms.

Sterilizer 63 - an ozonizer for disinfection and ozone therapy provides: high efficiency and safety in preparing the operating room and instrument for work: the ability to quickly deploy and work on mobile complexes; saving of antibiotics and chemical disinfectants, time, electricity and money in general for their purchase; fast sterilization of the working room within 15-20 minutes; effective fight against infection indoors, with causative agents of especially dangerous infections: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, influenza virus, hepatitis B. AIDS, tuberculosis, etc .; quick healing of open wounds, labor of the upsetting post-surgical processes, ulcers and pressure sores. The ozonizer 63 is powered from a single-phase alternating current network with a voltage of 220 V and a frequency of 50 Hz with a power consumption of not more than 0.07 kW. It is portable, productive, not

It requires oxygen supply to produce ozone and has a lower cost by 3-5 times in comparison with foreign samples. The use of two ozone sterilizers 63 halves the number of steam sterilizers 62 used, type VK-75-P-P3. All equipment of the sterilization module 24 of the distillation and sterilization complex 11 is located in the habitable compartment of the container body of constant volume. Uniform distribution of air throughout the volume of the sterilization module 24 during operation of the life support system 2 together with external and internal ventilation equipment 3, heating 4, air conditioning 5, temperature control 6, air supply 7 is provided using the duct system. Lighting is provided by ten ceiling luminescent lamps and two windows that open.

So. the life support device 1 of the stages of medical evacuation increases the efficiency of water treatment processes by heating the water supplied to the water treatment module, using warm heated air in the process of compression in the gas module, adsorption separation and air drying to obtain a gas hyperoxic mixture with 87-93% concentration oxygen also in the gas module and its use in the process of softening the ox in the distillation module, and most importantly through the use of gas medical mixture for artificial ventilation of the lungs and oxygen inhalation of the wounded, increase the efficiency of the dehumidifier by cooling the air. reducing the likelihood of water and oil vapor entering adsorption oxygen concentrators, providing the most favorable temperature conditions for oxygen concentration adsorption processes, obtaining purified water in a gas-water complex, from which water for injection is then obtained in a distilled-sterilization complex water-cooled distiller, used to produce solutions of drugs, and ensures high-quality sterilization of pharmaceutical dishes, injection plants themselves thieves sealed in glass bottles, and the simultaneous sterilization of dressings and surgical materials, surgical instruments, underwear, parts of medical devices in the field, in summer and winter, combined with the protection of the life support device of the wounded and medical personnel from the damaging factors of the infected atmosphere in combat conditions.

Information sources:

1. The oxygen inhalation system KIS-2.02. - Technical description and instruction manual 9В2.933.220 ТО. - OZKB KO. - Manufacturer KDA, Orekhovo-Zuevo, Moscow. reg. - 1972. - 71 p.

2. Field artificial lung ventilation apparatus “Phase-11”. - Technical description and instruction manual. - RP 11.00-00.000 FD. - KBHA. - 1MPZ. - M .. 1992. - 41 p.

3. The device of inhalation anesthesia figurative "NARKON-2". - Technical description and instruction manual. - DAO. 000.252 TO. - LPO "Red Guard", -L., 1997, 19 p.

4. A.T.Logunov. - Installation for producing oxygen from atmospheric air / RF Patent N 2140806 for the invention. - Priority dated 12/08/98 - Published on 10/11/1999 bull. N 31. M.: FIPS ROSPATENT (analogue).

5. Grishin V.I., Litvinov A.M., Logunov A.T. - A mobile complex of technical support for the operations and resuscitation department, - RF patent N 39825 for a utility model of a patent owner - CJSC “Special Design Bureau of Experimental Equipment at the State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation — Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, by application N 2003110515/22, - priority dated April 14, 2003, published on August 20, 2004 - bull. N 23. - M .: FIPS ROSPATENT (prototype).

Claims (1)

A life support device for the stages of medical evacuation, made on the basis of container bodies of constant and variable volume, interconnected with other bodies through docking modules using transition vestibules, characterized in that it uses a life support system containing external equipment and internal ventilation with air, its heating, conditioning, thermal management, air supply and protection of the wounded and medical personnel from the damaging factors of the infected atmosphere, electrical safety and lighting system with electrical equipment, medical equipment, devices, appliances and fire fighting equipment with alarm systems, interconnected water-gas and distillation-sterilization complexes, the first of which includes a water treatment module containing interconnected main and spare units preliminary water treatment, water supply and sewerage system, gas module, including a medical oxygen supply system, compressed purified air and gaseous nitrous oxide, containing a subsystem for supplying, drying and purifying the source of atmospheric and compressed air from aerosols of moisture, oil and solid particles, an air compression unit, portable oxygen concentration units, a compressed air distribution subsystem from the compression unit to portable oxygen concentration units , a portable field thermochemical oxygen generator of the “Topol” type, and the distillation and sterilization complex contains distillation and sterile modules, moreover, the water supply and sewerage system contains a water block heater, a mixer, a sink, disinfecting hand trays, a wash basin with clean water tanks, hanging cans for drinking water, canisters for collecting used water and an external submersible electric pump for filling the wash basin with the absence of water from an external source, while the distillation module used is a drinking water treatment system, an electrodialysis unit connected to an electric water distiller connected to the purified water supply and cooling system of the akvadistillyator, the source and softened water tanks, the purified water collector and the vessel with water for injection containing a stirrer, a jacket for supplying steam and cooling water, a vessel shower system, a temperature control system, an air filter, an explosive membrane , a level control system, a steam generator and a first pressure gauge, the distillation module comprising bactericidal irradiators, first and second pumps, first and second mechanical filters, a control unit and a control Olya, while the sterilization module includes a unit for two-section washing, drying and sterilization of pharmaceutical dishes, providing its processing and preparation for filling with drugs, the first unit for sterilization of drug solutions, sealed in glass bottles with a capacity of 0.5 l, with a capacity of at least 36 bottles / h, the second unit of sterilization of dressings and surgical materials, surgical instruments and linen, parts of medical devices, including air, dry heat sterilizer, four pairs new sterilizers and a portable multifunctional ozonizer with a sterilization chamber with a volume of 250 l, and the productivity of the water treatment module for treated water is at least 50 l / h, for water for injection - at least 10 l / h, and the performance of the gas module for hyperoxic gas mixture is at least 100 l / min at a pressure of at least 0.2 MPa with an oxygen concentration of at least 93% in total when using 10 oxygen concentration units, while the life support system additionally contains a heating system with the heating capacity of each of the four air conditioners is not less than 3.9 kW and the heater is not less than 6.5 kW, as well as the air supply and protection system for the wounded and medical personnel in the infected atmosphere using the FVUA-100A-24 filter-ventilation units with the capacity for supplying purified air to the inhabited volume not less than 100 m ³ / h.