RU6917U1 - ELECTRONIC SWITCH FOR LIGHT BULBS ON THE BASIS OF THE LIGHT SENSOR, RESPONSE TO THE PRESENCE OF A HUMAN - Google Patents

Abstract

An electronic incandescent lamp switch with an optical sensor based on a light-emitting diode, responsive to the presence of a person, containing a light emitting diode, a photodiode and an echo amplifier, wherein the terminals of the photodiode are connected to the corresponding inputs of the echo amplifier, characterized in that the device also contains a signal start-up signal generating unit, a unit start-up of triac switching on, executive switch block, block for generating a location signal and pulse for receiving an echo signal, initial setting block, a trigger signal generating unit, a power source, four D-flip-flops, a 2I-NOT circuit and a counter, receiving a mains voltage bus is connected to the inputs of the power source and inputs of the triggering signal generating unit, the output of the triggering signal generating unit is connected to the input of the location signal and pulse generating unit receiving the echo signal and the first input of the signal generating unit of the start of switching on, the first output of the location signal generating unit and the echo signal receiving pulse is connected to the cathode of the light emitting diode, the anode of which connected to the corresponding potential of the power source, the output of the signal start-up start signal generation block is connected to the first input of the triac switch-on start block, the output of which is connected to the first (control) input of the executive switch block (triac in a particular case), one of the terminals of which is connected to the commutated bus mains voltage, and the second output with a load (incandescent lamps), the output of the echo amplifier is connected to the D-input of the first D-trigger, the synchronization input of which is connected to the second

Description

ELECTROSHESP BURNER-LAMP BULK-ON BASIS ON THE BASIS OF THE LIGHT-SENSOR RESPONDING TO THE HUMAN PRESENCE

The utility model relates to the field of household and industrial automation and can be used to automatically turn on lighting devices in dark or darkened rooms, at workplaces when a person approaches and is in the circuit breaker area, and automatically turns off the lighting some time after a person is removed. It can be used as an element of a proximity sensor in various security systems.

Known motion detectors from ELSO (see price list of the company, dealer of Spetselektromontazh, M., 2nd Roshchinsky pr., D.8) using the principle of passive location and reacting to moving infrared radiation. The disadvantage of such devices is the relatively high cost and fundamental reaction only to moving radiation.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed device is an optical locator containing a laser transmitter (in the claimed device is a light emitting diode), a laser receiver (in the claimed device is a photodiode), amplification units (in the claimed device is an echo signal amplifier) and

processing signals from the receiver (see RF Patent N2002278 in IPC 5G01S17 / 00, Bulletin of the RF Patent and Trademark Committee of the Invention, N39-40 for 1993, p. 154).

The specified well-known locator, designed to detect and track airborne objects, due to its specificity (complexity, bulkiness, cost) cannot be used to solve the problem.

The purpose of the application is the creation of an electronic switch that detects the appearance of a person at a certain distance from him (for example, at least 1 m) and commutes the energy into the load until the person is in the area of the circuit breaker (more precisely, in the detection zone of his radar), and turns off the load after a certain time after a person leaves this zone. The time delay for turning off is useful for short-term human exits from this zone and as a means of increasing the stability of the device when a person is in an unstable location zone.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the electronic switch of incandescent lamps with an optical sensor based on a radar detector, responsive to the presence of a person, containing a light emitting diode, a photodiode and an echo signal amplifier,

the outputs of the photodiode are connected to the corresponding inputs of the echo signal amplifier, it also contains a block for generating a start start signal, a triac switch start block, an executive switch block, a location signal and echo reception pulse block, an initial setup block, a start signal generating block and a power source, four D triggers , 2I-NOT circuit, and the mains voltage buses are connected to the inputs of the power source and the inputs of the triggering signal generating unit, the output of the signal generating unit The start-up signal is connected to the input of the location signal generation unit and the echo reception pulse and the first input of the start start-up signal generation unit, the first output of the location signal generation unit and the echo reception signal is connected to the cathode of the light-emitting diode, the anode of which is connected to the corresponding potential of the power source, the output of the unit the signal generation of the start-up of the start-up of the connection is connected to the first input of the start-up block for switching off the triacs, the output of which is connected to the first (control) input of the block spolnitelnogo switch (triac in the particular case), one of whose terminals is connected to a public switched network bus voltage, and a second terminal - a load (incandescent lamp).

the output of the echo amplifier is connected to the D-input of the first D trigger, the synchronization input of which is connected to the second output of the location signal generation unit and the echo reception pulse, and the output is connected to the installation S and D input of the second D trigger and to the first input of the 2I-NOT circuit, single output the second D-flip-flop is connected to the D-input of the third D-flip-flop and the second (enable) input of the triac switching start-up block, and the zero output is connected to the reset input of the third and fourth D-flip-flops, the output of the third D-flip-flop is connected to the second input of circuit 2I- NOT and WTO the input of the signal start-up block, the output of circuit 2I-NOT is connected to the D-input of the fourth D trigger, the zero output of which is connected to the counter reset input, the output of the nth discharge of which is connected to the synchronization input of the third D-trigger, and (n + r) -th - with the synchronization input of the second D-flip-flop, the output of the initial installation block is connected to the reset input of the first and second D-flip-flops, and the output of the trigger signal generation block is also connected to the counter input of the counter and the synchronization input of the fourth D-flip-flop.

The technical result of the utility model is expressed in energy and resource conservation. Energy saving is ensured by

turning on lamps only in the presence of a person, i.e. when there is a need for it. Gentle inclusion of incandescent lamps at the time of initial heating of the incandescent filament at reduced power (see description of work) helps to increase the resource of their work. In addition, such a solution creates additional conveniences, and sometimes it is the only solution if the person’s hands are busy.

The device can be used in security systems as a proximity sensor of unauthorized entry. In this case, the executive switch can switch energy to an audible signaling device (siren) or give a signal to a more COMPLEX 5PY security system.

In FIG. presents a structural diagram of the claimed device. The device includes: a photodiode 1, a light emitting diode 2, an echo signal amplifier 3, a start signal start-up signal generation unit 4, a triac enable start-up unit 5, an executive switch unit 6, an echo signal location and reception pulse generation unit 7, an initial installation unit 8, start signal generating unit 9, power supply 10, first 11, second 12, third 13 and fourth 14 D-flip-flops, circuit 2I-NOT 15 and counter 16.

The main input and output circuits are numbered: mains voltage buses 17 and 18, a switched mains bus 19, which in a particular case can be one of the buses 17 or 18, and output to the load (incandescent lamps) 20.

The conclusions of the photodiode 1 are connected to the corresponding ones; they are the inputs of the echo signal amplifier 3, the output of which is connected to the D-input of the first D-trigger 11, the output of this trigger is connected to the installation S and D-input of the second D-trigger 12 and to the first input of the 2I-NOT circuit 15, the single output of the second D-flip-flop 12 is connected to the D-input of the third 13 D-flip-flop and the second (enable) input of the triac triggering start block 5, and the zero output - with the reset input of the third 13 and fourth 14 D-flip-flops, the output of the third 13 D- the trigger is connected to the second input of the circuit 2I-NOT 15 and the second input of the block and the formation of the start start signal of switching on 4, the output of circuit 2I-NOT 15 is connected to the D input of the fourth D-flip-flop, the zero output of which is connected to the reset input of the counter 16, the output of the 5th digit of which is connected to the clock; by the input of the third 13th D-flip and (n + t) -th category - with a synchronizing input of the second 12 D-flip-flops, the output of the initial installation unit 8 is connected to the reset inputs of the first 11 and second 12 D-flip-flops, mains voltage buses 17 and 18

connected to the network inputs of the source of thread 10, the outputs of which are not shown on the circuit due to their obviousness, as well as to the inputs of the trigger signal generation block 9, the output of which is connected to the first input of the start trigger 4 signal generation block, fourth synchronization input 14 D trigger, counter input of the counter 16 and the input of the unit for generating a location signal and an echo signal receiving pulse 7, to the first (location) output of which a cathode of light-emitting diode 2 is connected (its anode is connected to the rated power I have a power source 10 - the circuit is not shown in the diagram), and the second output is connected to the synchronization input of the first 11 D-flip-flop, the output of the signal start-up signal generation block 4 is connected to the first input of the triac enable start-up block 5, the output of which is connected to the executive control input switch 6, one of the poles of which is a switched bus voltage (for example, 19), and the second one of the poles of the load (incandescent lamps).

The central synchronizing node of the switch, the triggering signal generation block 9 generates a pulse whose leading edge is tied to a change in the sign of the mains voltage, and the trailing edge is 7.2-8ms away from the leading one (if the executive switch is turned on at this time V, then the average power in the load corresponds to 10-5% of the nominal). In the particular case, the inputs for block 9 may not be the mains voltage bus, but the output poles of the rectifier bridge of the power source 10. You can implement block 9 on a delayed multivibrator and a trigger circuit that generates a trigger signal near the zero value of the mains voltage. The starting circuit is implemented on a comparator, transistor amplifier or on a series circuit of two inverters with positive resistor feedback, shunted by an accelerating capacitor. Particular accuracy of binding to zero is not required, because the minimum tripping voltage of the triacs, on which the executive switch is implemented, lies within 3050V. The location signal generating unit 7 generates a short current pulse through its emitting diode 2, and the trailing edge of this pulse is an echo signal receiving pulse to the first 11 D trigger. The signal generating unit for the on-start start signal 4 is designed to form the start of the start-up of triac turn-ons either in the rear (low brightness of the lamp glow) or

the front (full brightness) signal of block 9. It is controlled by the state of the third 13B trigger.

The switching unit of the triacs 5 forms the duration and amplitude of the start-up current of the actuator, if the resolving potential arrives at its second input from the output of the second 12 D-trigger,

The first AND D-flip-flop serves as a storage element of the echo signal for a half-cycle of the mains voltage, and the second 12 D-flip-flop is a trigger for turning on the lamps, the third 13 D-flip-flop is a trigger for controlling the lamps at full power, and the fourth 14 D-flip-flop together with 2I-NOT circuit 15 and counter 16 are a diagram of the macro-synchronization of the preliminary heating of the lamps and the time after the lamps are lit after removing a person from the range of the switch.

The echo amplifier 3 together with the photodiode 1 are designed to receive echo signals reflected from a person when he approaches and is in the range of the switch.

The switch works as follows. Let its initial state be OFF. In each half-cycle of the mains voltage, unit 7 generates a short (near Humx) location pulse with a light-emitting diode 2, and an amplified echo signal is received at the first edge of this pulse

11 D-trigger. According to the first echo signal recorded on trigger 11, the second 12 D-trigger is set to a single state, which stops the reset of triggers 13 and 14 and allows the triggering of triacs on the second input of block 5.

Since the third 13 D-flip-flop is still in the zero state, regardless of the presence of an echo signal at the first input of the 2I-NOT 15 circuit, a unit potential is formed at its output, allowing the fourth 14 D-flip-flop to switch to the single state and counter 16 operation.

The signal from the output of the nth discharge of the counter 16 overwrites the single state of the second 12 D-flip-flop to the third 13. From this moment, the lamps begin to glow at full brightness. The time of the first delay on the counter 16 is selected equal to 0.3-0.6 s, i.e. n (5 - 6). From this moment, tracking of the presence of an echo signal begins, i.e. the presence of a person in the coverage area of the device. If there is an echo, then through the 2I-NOT 15 circuit, the fourth 14 D-trigger is reset and its output resets counter 16.

When the echo signals cease, the counter counts until an active single signal appears on its (n + t) -th discharge, by which the second 12 D-trigger is reset and the lamps turn off.

It is recommended to choose the time for turning off the lamps after a person leaves the device coverage area of 10 - 20 s, i.e. n + m (ll -12). Using complementary MIS elements and an integrated amplifier for echo signals, a switch for switched power of up to 200 W is easily placed on a 60x135 printed circuit board in a 65x135x25 package. A light emitting diode is preferably used with a narrow radiation pattern. In this case, the coverage area of the device at location currents of about 1A is at least 1m.

Authors A.A. Boykevich

A.M. Boykevich A.S. Kolyada

S.I.Kolyada

Claims (1)

An electronic incandescent lamp switch with an optical sensor based on a light-emitting diode, responsive to the presence of a person, containing a light emitting diode, a photodiode and an echo amplifier, wherein the terminals of the photodiode are connected to the corresponding inputs of the echo amplifier, characterized in that the device also comprises a signal start-up signal generating unit, a unit start-up of triac switching on, executive switch block, block for generating a location signal and pulse for receiving an echo signal, initial setting block, a trigger signal generating unit, a power source, four D-flip-flops, a 2I-NOT circuit and a counter, receiving a mains voltage bus is connected to the inputs of the power source and inputs of the triggering signal generating unit, the output of the triggering signal generating unit is connected to the input of the location signal and pulse generating unit receiving the echo signal and the first input of the signal generation block of the start of switching on, the first output of the location signal generation block and the echo signal receiving pulse is connected to the cathode of the light emitting diode, the anode of which connected to the corresponding potential of the power source, the output of the signal start-up start signal generation block is connected to the first input of the triac switch-on start block, the output of which is connected to the first (control) input of the executive switch block (triac in a particular case), one of the terminals of which is connected to the commutated bus mains voltage, and the second output with a load (incandescent lamps), the output of the echo amplifier is connected to the D-input of the first D-trigger, the synchronization input of which is connected to the second the unit of the generation signal of the location signal and the echo signal receiving pulse, and the output is with the installation S and D input of the second D-trigger and with the first input of the 2I circuit NOT, the single output of the second D-trigger is connected to the D-input of the third D-trigger and the second by the (permissive) input of the start-up block for turning on the semitters, and the zero output - with the reset input of the third and fourth D-flip-flops, the output of the third D-flip-flop is connected to the second input of the circuit 2I - NOT and the second input of the signal conditioning block - NOT connected to the D-input of the fourth D-tr the zero-output state of which is connected to the counter reset input, the nth discharge output of which is connected to the synchronization input of the third D-trigger, and the (n + m) -th - to the synchronization input of the second D-trigger, the output of the initial installation block is connected to the input the reset of the first and second D-flip-flops, and the output of the trigger signal generating unit is also connected to the counting input of the counter and the synchronization input of the fourth D-flip-flop.