RU69161U1 - EXHAUST GAS SYSTEM MODULE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of mechanical engineering, mainly automobile manufacturing, namely, to means for reducing the toxicity of exhaust gases (exhaust) of internal combustion engines (ICE) and, in particular, is designed to prevent the ingress of highly toxic components (CO, CH, NOx) in products combustion engine in the environment. The module contains a receiving pipe connected to a catalytic converter (KH), a discharge pipe with a flange for connecting the module to the exhaust silencing and exhaust path to the atmosphere, as well as an angle compensator, installation locations for the control and diagnostic sensors of the exhaust gas composition, a heat-insulating screen covering the inlet part of the receiving pipe inside which a heat-insulating structure is placed, and means of fastening the KN to the exhaust pipe and the module itself to the structural element of the vehicle underbody. A distinctive feature is that the constituent elements of the module form an integral, inseparable structural formation, and in the direction from the engine to the flange of the module’s connection to the noise attenuation path and exhaust gas to the atmosphere are located in the following order - receiving pipe, KH, device for attaching the module to the underbody, the diagnostic sensor mounting location and the angular vibration compensator, partially covered by the screen, while the receiving pipe along its entire length is composed of two converging at the outlet

a stamped pipe tee, which is hermetically and permanently mounted on the inlet end of the KN, on which, in turn, the mounting element of the exhaust gas control sensor is mounted, the means for attaching the module to the structural element of the vehicle underbody is made in the form of a clamp equipped with a mounting hole for the mounting element to the structure body and covering the outlet pipe in the interval between the screen of the mounting location of the diagnostic sensor and the output of the KN, the angular vibration compensator is installed on the output m section of the outlet pipe, between the flange of the module to the sound attenuation and exhaust path to the atmosphere and the installation element of the diagnostic oxygen concentration sensor in the exhaust gas.

1 n and 1 z.p. f-ly, 4 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of mechanical engineering, mainly automobile manufacturing, namely, to means for reducing the toxicity of exhaust gases of internal combustion engines (ICE) and, in particular, is intended to prevent the ingress of highly toxic components (CO, CH, NOx) contained in the combustion products of ICE in environment.

Currently, two concepts of constructive construction of exhaust systems for exhaust gases (ICE) ICE are widely used, one of the main components of which are catalytic converters (KN), which, in turn, incorporate ceramic or metal catalytic carriers.

KHs with ceramic catalytic supports are a rather complicated structure, which is primarily due to the fact that the thermal expansion coefficients of ceramics and metal (of which the body (KN) is made) differ significantly. Therefore, temperature compensators of different design are installed between the KH catalytic support and its body , in the form of, for example, gaskets, fixing mats, etc., using special adhesive compositions, see European application No. 0366484, MKI F01N 3/28, publ. 02.05.90. There are many problems associated with ensuring the durability and reliability of thermal compensators, the material of which is subjected to the destructive effect of hot, chemically active exhaust gases.

KN designs with ceramic supports are not only of high manufacturing cost, but also have significant weight and dimensions, which makes it very problematic to use them in modern passenger cars, in

cramped space, both in the engine compartment and between the underbody of the car and the road, since the implementation of stringent toxicity standards requires an increase in the size of the spacecraft.

A more progressive design of KN, from the point of view of simplifying the design, reducing manufacturing costs, reliability and durability, is the device of a catalyst with metal catalytic carriers.

Known KN, see USSR author's certificate No. 1483064, MKI4 F01N 3/28, publ. 05/30/89, BI No. 20, comprising a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles and a metal catalytic carrier installed in the housing and consisting of two tapes, the inner of which is made of corrugated and the outer one is smooth, the tapes being wound around a central body connected to the housing using radial spokes located on the side of the ends of the carrier block. The catalytic support is fixed in the housing by means of special bands fixed by welding on the housing, while the band, lapping in contact with the side walls of the catalytic support, motionlessly fixes it in the axial direction. The nozzles are fixed to the housing by means of a flange connection with fasteners.

The obvious disadvantages of this KN should include the complexity of its design, which determines the non-optimal mass and size indicators. At the same time, the presence of mounting bandages leads to the non-optimal use of the catalytic substance in the peripheral zone of the body of the catalytic carrier, since the ends of the bandages placed on the side walls of the catalytic carrier prevent the penetration of exhaust gas into its body.

The chemical reactions occurring in the CN are redox, with the release of heat. It is enough to say that during the operation of the internal combustion engine of a passenger car, the temperature inside the airfoil reaches (for example, in VAZ cars) 970 ° C, and on the wall of the airfoil housing it exceeds 700 ° C. This creates certain difficulties in the placement of SC, given the conditions of cramped space, as in

engine compartment, and between the bottom and the road on modern cars. The mechanisms of the car must be protected from harmful long-term high-temperature impact from the side of the SC. In addition, when the KN is located under the bottom of the car, it is necessary to exclude the possibility of a fire that may occur when igniting objects lying on the road while the car is parked with an internal combustion engine.

This problem is solved in the device according to patent EP1013906, where the catalytic block (carrier) KN is enclosed in a housing with two end walls having an inlet and an outlet, and there is a heat-insulating gasket between the side wall of the catalyst carrier and the housing. The disadvantage of this device is that the end walls of the housing are directly adjacent to the end of the catalytic carrier, which is not desirable, because will lead to an increase in temperature outside the KN case, due to direct heat transfer from the hot catalytic carrier to the KN case.

In other devices according to the patents EP 1621738, US 6613296, WO 02103172, US 6605259, EP 0917619, DE 602004, EP 1326012, DE 6027174 this disadvantage is eliminated by introducing a double end wall in the design of the KH, which prevents direct heat transfer from the catalytic carrier to the KN case, in this case, between the KN case and the catalytic carrier there are various types of heat-insulating gaskets or air, which, as you know, is a good heat insulator.

Known KN designs, including several catalytic supports arranged in series with a gap, which significantly increase the degree of exhaust gas purification from chemically harmful components, see patent RU 2015356, IPC F01N 3/28, publ. 06/30/1994, applicant and patent holder EMITEK GESELSHAFT FYUR EMISSION TECHNOLOGY MBH. Here, the catalytic element for neutralizing exhaust gas contains a metal honeycomb carrier of the catalyst, the outer and inner tubular

shell. The shells are arranged concentrically one relative to the other with the formation of an annular gap between them and the possibility of free longitudinal expansion of the inner tubular shell. One end of the inner tubular shell is rigidly connected to one end of the outer tubular shell. The catalytic element further comprises a movable support. The inner tubular shell at the other end is mounted in a movable support formed by circular or single protrusions made on the outer tubular shell.

Known KN, catalytic carriers of which have an oval cross-section, the major axis of which is mainly parallel to the road surface, see patent for invention RU 2113232, IPC F01N 3/28, 09/27/2003, patent holder EMITEK GESELSHAFT FYR EMISSIONSTECHNOLOGY MBH. The catalytic converter here has at least one honeycomb element coated with a catalytically active material and with flow channels for exhaust gases separated by walls, said converter having first and second zones arranged sequentially in the direction of flow of the exhaust gas flow, heat capacity of the first of which, per unit volume of the honeycomb, is less than the heat capacity of the second zone per unit volume of the honeycomb, and the heat capacity of the second zone a unit volume of the honeycomb body is at least 800 J / K-l. Preferably, in the first zone, the thickness of the uncoated metal sheets is on average less than 0.06 mm, preferably less than 0.04 mm, and in the second zone, the thickness of the uncoated metal sheets is on average more than 0.06 mm, preferably more than 0.08 mm, especially 0.11 mm. Thus, the first zone at a high temperature of the exhaust gas can quickly reach the operating temperature, while the second zone accumulates heat for operation in modes in which the exhaust gas has a low temperature. The invention improves the efficiency of the Converter. The positive point here is that when

the clearance specified by the technical requirements for the car (the clearance between the road and the lower extreme point of the car), it is possible to significantly increase the volume of the catalytic converter cavity and the area of the catalytic support passage, which significantly affects the efficiency and longevity of the work of the CN.

Regardless of the type of KN, installing it under the underbody is a rather difficult technical task.

As a prototype, a device for the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine exhaust engine of a VAZ-21214 car, developed under the toxicity standards of Euro-3 (E3), manufactured in 2006 (the prototype drawing is attached), was adopted. In particular, the system in question comprises a receiving pipe and a KH, which are interconnected by means of a flange connection. The latter includes two flat flanges, a gasket and a set of threaded fasteners - bolts with nuts and washers. From the front flange of the exhaust exhaust pipe, the system moves through two parallel pipes. At a certain distance from the front flange, the pipes are combined into a common pipeline. At the inlet of the gas stream into the common pipeline, a control oxygen sensor is installed. At the end of the common pipeline, an angular vibration compensator is installed in front of the output flange. The front part of the intake pipe, from the front flange to the gas receiver, combining the gas flows from the internal combustion engine cylinders, is covered by screens. Between screens and pipes there are heat-insulating gaskets. A bracket is welded to the front flange of the KN, containing cylindrical sections on which rubber cushions are mounted that fasten the KN to the car body. The volume of the converter 1647 cm ³ . Moreover, it contains two ceramic KN.

The practice of operating the prototype revealed undesirable phenomena, the elimination of which led to a change in design, which was the subject of the development of the claimed utility model. In particular, it was found that in the prototype, through the connecting flange of the fastening KN to the receiving pipe

exhaust gases, if the gasket is not tight, air is sucked in from the outside. Air leakage through the connecting flange of the KN fastening to the exhaust pipe leads to a mismatch in the operation of the control oxygen sensor mounted on the exhaust exhaust pipe and the diagnostic oxygen concentration sensor. The testimony of the latter begins to mismatch the actual state of the chemical composition of the exhaust gas at the outlet of the exhaust gas, and this directly affects the normal operation of the ignition and fuel supply system of the internal combustion engine, the organization of the working process in its combustion chambers. In addition, it turned out that the control oxygen sensor itself was not installed in the optimal place. In the prototype, the axial dimensions of the considered module are overestimated, mainly due to the location of the compensator of angular vibrations even before the KN, which further increases the time of heating the KN due to its significant distance from the gas receiver.

The solution to the technical problem involves the creation of an effective and at the same time inexpensive and compact, reliable and durable in operation design of the exhaust system module of the engine exhaust system.

The technical result is to improve the organization of the internal combustion engine workflow and increase the degree of purification of exhaust gases from chemically harmful components to a level that meets international Euro-4 Standards.

The essence of the utility model lies in the fact that in the well-known module of the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine, containing a receiving pipe connected to the KH, a discharge pipe with a flange for connecting the module to the silencing path and exhaust gas into the atmosphere, as well as an angle compensator, the installation location of the control and diagnostic sensors composition of the exhaust gas, a heat-insulating screen covering the inlet part of the exhaust pipe, inside which a heat-insulating structure can be placed, and means for attaching the KH to the exhaust pipe and the module itself to the bottom element

vehicle body, the constituent elements of the module form an integral, integral structural formation, and in the direction from the internal combustion engine to the flange of the module’s connection to the noise attenuation path and exhaust gas to the atmosphere are located in the following order - front pipe, KH, module fastening device to the underbody, partially covered screen mounting point of the diagnostic sensor and a compensator of angular oscillations, while the receiving pipe along its entire length is composed of two converging at the outlet in a stamped pipe tee, which hermetically and permanently mounted on the input end of the KN, on which, in turn, the mounting element of the exhaust gas control sensor is mounted, the means for attaching the module to the structural element of the vehicle underbody is made in the form of a clamp equipped with a mounting hole for the mounting element to the body structure and covering the outlet a pipe in the gap between the screen of the mounting point of the diagnostic sensor and the output of the KN, the angular vibration compensator is installed on the output section of the outlet pipe, between with a lance for connecting the module to the exhaust silencing and exhaust path to the atmosphere and the mounting element of the diagnostic oxygen concentration sensor in the exhaust gas.

The most preferred option is when the outlet pipe is straightforward along its entire length.

The technical result is achieved by ensuring complete sealing in the connections of the module elements, eliminating the flange connection of the receiving pipe with the KH, which completely eliminates the possible suction of air from the outside into the KH, the maximum possible approach of the KH to the exhaust valves of the internal combustion engine (in comparison with the prototype 360 mm), which allows you to significantly accelerate the heating of the catalytic carrier KN and to provide more efficient operation.

Comparison of the claimed technical solution with the level of technology for scientific, technical and patent documentation on the priority date in the main and related sections shows that the totality

essential features of the claimed decision was not known, therefore, it meets the condition of patentability "novelty".

The proposed technical solution can be manufactured industrially, efficiently, feasibly, reproducibly, therefore, meets the patentability condition "industrial applicability". At the same time, the industrial production of a utility model is possible on standard equipment using well-known, well-established technologies.

Other features and advantages of the claimed utility model will become apparent from the following detailed description, given solely in the form of a non-limiting example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, illustrating a preferred embodiment, which shows a diagram of the claimed module and its individual constituent elements.

- figure 1, 2 shows the module of the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine, respectively, side and top views. In this case, the recording and diagnostic sensors are not shown in the drawings, since their installation is carried out immediately before installing the module on the car;

- figure 3 and 4 shows the module of the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine, respectively, side views and top views with installed sensors.

The engine exhaust system module of the engine shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 contains a front pipe 1 connected to KH 2, a branch pipe 3 with a flange 4 for connecting the module to the exhaust silencing and exhaust path to the atmosphere, as well as an angular vibration compensator 5, locations 6 and 7 (respectively) of the installation, FIGS. 3 and 4, control 8 and diagnostic 9 of the exhaust gas sensors, heat-insulating screen, FIGS. 1 and 2, 10, covering the inlet part 11 of the receiving pipe 1, inside which a heat-insulating structure can be placed, and means fastening KN to the exhaust pipe and samog about the module to the structural element of the underbody of the vehicle.

The constituent elements of the module form an integral, integral structural formation, and in the direction from the internal combustion engine to the flange 4, the connections of the module to the noise attenuation and exhaust paths to the atmosphere are arranged in the following order: receiving pipe 1, KH 2, mounting device 12 of the module to the underbody (not shown ), partially covered by the screen 13, the attachment point 7 of the diagnostic oxygen concentration sensor 9 and the angular vibration compensator 5. The receiving pipe 1 along its entire length is composed of two pipes 14 converging at the outlet of the stamped tee 15 and 16, which is hermetically and permanently mounted on the input end 17 of KN 2, on which, in turn, is mounted the mounting element 6 of the exhaust gas control sensor 8. Means of fastening 12 of the module to the structural element of the bottom of the vehicle body is made in the form of a clamp equipped with a mounting hole 18 for the fastening element to the structure of the body and covering the outlet pipe 3 in the gap between the screen 12 and the outlet 19 KN 2. The compensator 5 of the angular vibrations is installed on the output section the outlet pipe 3, between the flange 4 of the module to the sound attenuation and exhaust path to the atmosphere and the mounting element 7 of the diagnostic sensor 9 of the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas.

In the presented embodiment, the design of the discharge pipe 3 along its entire length is straightforward.

The module shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 operates in the usual way.

During the operation of the internal combustion engine and each exhaust stroke, the exhaust gas through the exhaust pipe 1 enters KH 2 from the inlet end 17 of the cone-shaped inlet pipe, then the gas passes through the catalytic carrier KN 2, where, as a result of the redox reactions, using the catalytic substance, it is cleaned of harmful components (СО, СН, NOx) ОГ. Further, the purified gas enters the conical outlet

pipe, see output section 19, and through the discharge pipe 3 then enters the mufflers of the exhaust system of the car (not shown).

As already noted above, the welded integral connection of KH 2 and the receiving pipe 1 provides complete sealing in the connections of the module elements, by eliminating the flange connection of the receiving pipe to the KH (which takes place in the prototype), and that completely eliminates the possible suction of air from the outside into the KH, the closest possible approach of the KN to the exhaust valves of the internal combustion engine (in comparison with the prototype 360 mm), which allows to significantly accelerate the heating of the catalytic carrier of the KN and ensure its more efficient operation. At the same time, the design of the module is greatly simplified, since there is no need to use flanges, gaskets and fasteners.

In addition, in comparison with the prototype, where a wide-spread bracket with rubber cushions is used, the claimed module proposes a simple solution for attaching it to a structural element of the body floor using a clamp type product.

Using the claimed technical solution allows you to create an inexpensive and compact design of an effective module, increase the competitiveness of domestic cars by meeting their environmental safety with international standards at the Euro-4 level, reduce air pollution in settlements with toxic exhaust gas components of vehicles, the power unit of which is based on ICE .

Of course, the claimed utility model is not described by a specific constructive example of its implementation, shown in the attached figures. Minor changes of various elements or materials from which these elements are made, or their replacement with technically equivalent ones, which do not go beyond the scope of claims indicated by the independent claim of the utility model formula, remain possible.

Claims (2)

1. The module of the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine, comprising a receiving pipe connected to the catalytic converter, a discharge pipe with a flange for connecting the module to the noise reduction path and exhaust gas into the atmosphere, as well as an angular vibration compensator, the installation location of the control and diagnostic sensors for the composition of the exhaust gases , a heat-insulating screen covering the inlet of the receiving pipe, inside which a heat-insulating structure can be placed, and means cre the catalytic converter to the exhaust exhaust pipe and the module itself to the structural element of the vehicle underbody, characterized in that the component elements of the module form an integral, integral structural formation, and in the direction from the internal combustion engine to the flange connecting the module to the exhaust silencing and exhaust gases to the atmosphere are arranged in the following order - a receiving pipe, a catalytic converter, a device for attaching a module to the underbody, partially covered The installation site of the diagnostic oxygen concentration sensor and an angular vibration compensator, provided that the receiving pipe along its entire length is composed of two pipes converging at the outlet in the stamped tee, which is hermetically and permanently mounted on the input end of the catalytic converter, on which, in turn the mounting element of the exhaust gas control sensor is mounted, the means for attaching the module to the structural element of the vehicle underbody are made in the form of a clamp, with angled by the mounting hole for the mounting element to the body structure and covering the exhaust pipe in the gap between the screen of the diagnostic sensor and the output of the catalytic converter, an angular vibration compensator is installed on the output section of the exhaust pipe, between the connection flange of the module to the noise attenuation and exhaust gas path to the atmosphere and the installation element diagnostic sensor for the concentration of oxygen in the exhaust gas. 2. The module according to claim 1, characterized in that the outlet pipe along its entire length is made rectilinear.