RU68187U1 - PRIMARY ELECTRICAL ELEMENT - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of electrical engineering, in particular to primary galvanic cells, and can be used in primary galvanic batteries activated by water.

The technical result, which can be obtained using the present invention, is to increase the specific energy consumption and reliability during operation of a galvanic cell having a minimum size and weight.

The inventive galvanic cell contains a cylindrical body acting as an anode, inside which an additional cylinder of a smaller diameter is coaxially mounted. The housing and the additional electrode are made with hollow walls, represent a single design. A powder (liquid or permanent) magnet is placed in the hollow walls of the anode, which makes it possible to retain an active porous-loose layer of iron-containing chips on the anode. The cathode is two copper-wire electrodes wound around perforated dielectric cylinders. A perforated plastic cylinder is used to mount a copper wire cathode in the inner cavity of the anode. To control the electrolyte level, electroactivated water is used as the electrolyte, according to the readings of the piezometer, in the galvanic cell there are nozzles equipped with taps. To remove current from the cathode, a positive terminal is installed on the cover, a negative terminal is at the top of the anode. At the bottom of the anode there is a dielectric gasket designed to insulate the electrodes. The cathode, which is two copper-wire electrodes, is interconnected by a jumper.

Fig. one

1 p. Fs

Description

The technical field to which the utility model relates.

The utility model relates to the field of electrical engineering, in particular to primary galvanic cells, and can be used in primary galvanic batteries activated by water.

State of the art

A backup primary battery, activated by water, comprising a housing in which series-connected galvanic cells are arranged, consisting of bipolar electrodes separated by electrolyte separators, the battery being made of sections placed on the same plane with gaps and electrically connected to each other by means of common end electrodes made with slots matching the gaps between the sections, while the wall of the housing is made with through grooves located above the specified threads and having identical geometry with them.

V. the battery, the common end electrode is made in the form of a plate of anode material and has a contact surface area exceeding twice the contact surface area of the electrode.

In the battery, the width of the slot in the common end electrode corresponds to the gap between adjacent sections, and the length of the slot is 80 to 90% of the width of the common end electrode.

In the battery, the slot width in the common end electrode is 1 4 mm.

In the battery, the edge of the slot in the common end electrode is aligned with one of the sides of the electrode.

In the battery, all slots of the common end electrodes communicate with one of the side surfaces of the battery.

In the battery, the area of the through groove in the housing does not exceed the area of the corresponding slot in the common end electrode (see patent RU 2092935, class .. Н01М 6/32, Н01М 6/34).

The disadvantages of working with this backup primary battery activated by water include its low service life, structural complexity, inconvenience of operation and the inability to control the water level in the activation chambers.

Known chemical backup current source, which contains a housing and located in it anode, cathode, compartment with electrolyte. The anode is made of an electrochemical active material selected from the group consisting of aluminum, magnesium, zinc or their alloys, the cathode is a gas diffusion air electrode, an electrolyte compartment is located between the back of the anode and the wall of the housing. The anode holder on the surface adjacent to the side walls of the housing is equipped with a sealing assembly made in the form of an adhesive layer or a sealing gasket. The air electrode is closed by a protective grill, which simultaneously serves as a current output. (see patent RU 2168246, class Н01М 6/32, Н01М 12/04).

The disadvantages of this galvanic cell include its structural and operational complexity, as well as the inability to control the level of activated water in the activation chamber.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved positive effect adopted by the authors for the prototype is a copper-magnesium battery "Mayachok", which contains a dielectric housing and the anode and cathode located in it. Magnesium alloys are used as the anode, copper chloride serves as the cathode material. Separators perform the function of a clamp interelectrode distance. They can be pressed into the active material, glass or plastic balls,

or fibers of synthetic materials located in the direction of electrolyte flow. Electrode leads are carried out by wire electrodes made of a mixture of graphite and butyl rubber, rolled by rolling on magnesium or crosslinking from copper wire (Chemical current sources / V.N.Varypaev, M.A.Dasoyan, V.A. Nikolsky; Under the editorship of V.N. .Varypaeva: Textbook for university students on specialty “Technology of electrochemical production” - M .: Higher school, 1990. - 240 p., Ill., P.142-145).

The disadvantages of this galvanic cell include its structural and operational complexity, and also, the galvanic cell does not allow for monitoring the water level in the activation chamber.

Utility Model Disclosure

The technical result, which can be obtained using the present invention, is to increase the specific energy consumption and reliability during operation of a galvanic cell having a minimum size and weight.

The technical result is achieved using a primary galvanic cell containing a cylindrical body with an electrolyte, an anode and a cathode, a dielectric gasket is installed at the bottom of the anode to isolate the electrodes from each other, the output terminals of the positive and negative electrodes, while it is additionally equipped with nozzles with taps and a piezometer that provide the ability to control the electrolyte level, and electrolyte is used as electrolyte, while the casing and the additional electrode laid inside the case, made in the form of cylinders with hollow walls, inside of which a magnet is placed, allowing to hold a porous-loose layer of iron-containing chips on their surface, the cathode consists of two

copper-wire electrodes of various winding diameters and installed on the inner and outer sides of the additional electrode.

Brief Description of the Drawings

In FIG. The primary cell is depicted.

Utility Model Implementation

The inventive galvanic cell (Fig.) Contains a cylindrical body acting as an anode 1, inside of which an additional electrode 2, of a smaller diameter, is coaxially mounted, the housing 1 and the additional electrode 2 are made with hollow walls, represent a single structure. A powder (liquid or permanent) magnet 3 is placed in the hollow walls of the anode 1, which makes it possible to hold an active porous-loose layer 4 of iron-containing chips on the anode. The cathode 5 is two copper-wire electrodes wound around perforated dielectric cylinders 6 and 7. A perforated plastic cylinder 7 is used to fasten the copper wire cathode 5 in the inner cavity of the anode 1. To control the electrolyte level, electroactivated water is used as the electrolyte, the testimony of the piezometer 8 in the galvanic cell there are pipes 9 and 10 equipped with taps. To remove current from cathode 5, a positive terminal. 11 is mounted on the cover 12, the negative terminal 13 is in the upper part of the anode 1. At the bottom of the anode 1, a dielectric spacer 14 is installed, designed to insulate the electrodes. The cathode 5, which is two copper-wire electrodes, is interconnected by a jumper 15.

The primary cell is as follows.

Through the pipe 9, electro-activated water is poured into the galvanic cell, which fills the interelectrode space to a certain level, the raising of which is controlled by the piezometer 8.

The interaction of activated water with a porous-loose active layer 4 located on the walls of the anode 1 and the additional electrode 2, and the ribbed surface of the copper wire electrode 5, provides the beginning of an electrochemical reaction and the creation of a potential difference at the terminals 11 and 13 of the galvanic cell. Perforated dielectric cylinders 6 and 7 are used to fasten the copper wire cathode 5 in the inner cavity of the anode 1. The electrolyte is discharged using a pipe 10 with a tap.

The proposed utility model in comparison with the prototype and other technical solutions has the following advantages:

1. The use of activated water as an electrolyte can increase the power of a galvanic cell;

2. The use of an active porous-loose layer, using iron-containing chips, can significantly increase the area of the negative electrode, and, therefore, significantly reduce the size, weight of the galvanic cell, as well as increase its specific energy consumption and ensure periodic change of the active layer.

3. The copper-wire cathode has a ribbed surface, which significantly increases the working area of the electrode and allows it to be replaced with the least labor.

4. The possibility of changing the electrolyte level according to the readings of the piezometer allows you to adjust the process and the output power of the galvanic cell depending on the needs of the consumer.

Thus, it is seen that the above information confirms the possibility of implementing the claimed invention, achieving the specified technical result and solving the problem.

Claims (1)

A primary galvanic cell containing a cylindrical body with an electrolyte, anode and cathode, a dielectric strip is installed at the bottom of the anode to isolate the electrodes from each other, the output terminals of the positive and negative electrodes, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with nozzles with taps and a piezometer providing the ability to control the level electrolyte, and electrolyte is used as electrolyte, while the housing and an additional electrode located inside the housing are made in the form of hollow cylinders with walls, which are placed inside the magnet, capable of holding on the surface of a porous layer of loose-containing iron turnings, the cathode consists of two copper-wire electrodes of different diameters and the winding is mounted to the inner and outer sides of the additional electrode.